CN102801324A - Secondary side active absorption line and control method for direct-current-direct-current converter - Google Patents
Secondary side active absorption line and control method for direct-current-direct-current converter Download PDFInfo
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- CN102801324A CN102801324A CN2011101363899A CN201110136389A CN102801324A CN 102801324 A CN102801324 A CN 102801324A CN 2011101363899 A CN2011101363899 A CN 2011101363899A CN 201110136389 A CN201110136389 A CN 201110136389A CN 102801324 A CN102801324 A CN 102801324A
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Abstract
The invention provides a secondary side active absorption line and a control method for a direct-current-direct-current converter. According to the secondary side active absorption line, the direct-current-direct-current converter which comprises a primary side line and a secondary side line is adopted, wherein the primary side line comprises an input voltage source, a switching device coupled with the input voltage source and a transformer which is coupled with the primary side line and the secondary side line; and the secondary side line comprises a rectifier device coupled with a secondary side winding of the transformer, an active absorption line coupled with the rectifier device, and an output filter line. The active absorption line comprises a series branch which is formed by an absorption capacitor and a controllable switching device provided with diodes which are connected in parallel, and a line for controlling the switching device. The control signal for the switching device in the active absorption line is generated by the output voltage of a rectifier or the signals related to the output voltage. By using the secondary side active absorption line for the direct-current-direct-current converter, the voltage stress of the rectifier in a rectifying circuit is reduced; the selection of devices is optimized; and therefore, the performance of the converter is improved, and the cost is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of switch power, particularly relate to a kind of DC-DC converter auxiliary edge active and absorb circuit and control method.
Background technology
In the DC-DC converter of Switching Power Supply class; After former sideline road becomes high-frequency ac voltage with the formal argument of input direct voltage through PWM; Reach secondary through converter, through rectifying circuit AC voltage conversion is become unidirectional dc pulse voltage again.Change dc pulse voltage and after exporting filtering, become VD.
The circuit of the DC-DC converter of former limit full-bridge, secondary full-bridge is as shown in Figure 1; This DC-DC converter comprises former sideline road 20 and secondary circuit 30, former sideline road 20 comprise input voltage source 21, second brachium pontis 23 that constitutes by the 3rd switching device Q103 and the 4th switching device Q104 that is coupled with first brachium pontis 22 that constitutes by the first switching device Q101 and second switch device Q102 of input voltage source 21 couplings, with input voltage source 21, be coupled former sideline road 20 and secondary circuit 30 transformer T100, be connected across the former limit of the transformer winding 24 between the first brachium pontis mid point and the second brachium pontis mid point.Secondary circuit 30 comprise transformer secondary winding 31, with the 3rd brachium pontis 32 that constitutes by the 5th switching device Q201 and the 6th switching device Q202 of transformer secondary winding 31 coupling, with the 4th brachium pontis 33, outputting inductance Lo, the output capacitance Co that close that device Q203 and octavo close that device Q204 constitutes by minion of transformer secondary winding 31 couplings.
The circuit on above-mentioned former limit can be any other single-ended or symmetrical structure.
In converter, former limit switching device carries out orderly switch under the control of the PWM of open loop or closed loop controller, and input voltage alternately is added on the former limit winding of transformer T100.The voltage of transformer secondary winding is converted into unidirectional pulse voltage through symmetrical rectifying circuit, obtains VD Vout through the output filter that is made up of Lo and Co again.The operating state of secondary rectifier has two kinds; First kind of state is rectification state; Input voltage is added on the former limit winding of transformer during this time, and the secondary winding induced voltage of transformer is added on the outputting inductance through the rectifying device of the conducting in the rectifying circuit, and the afterflow device turn-offs; Second kind of state is the afterflow state, the back-pressure that does not have voltage on the Transformer Winding or have magnetic core to reset, and rectifying device turn-offs, and the afterflow device of the electric current in the outputting inductance through conducting is at secondary circulation.Among Fig. 1 in the full-bridge converter control signal of switching device as shown in Figure 2, wherein t1 to t2 is a rectification state, t2-t5 is the afterflow state.Whole the opening of secondary synchronous rectification device reduced conduction loss during the afterflow state.
Because the leakage inductance that certainly exists of real transformer and the non-ideal characteristic of switching device, such as the reverse recovery of synchronous rectification MOSFET body diode etc., switching device carries out the moment of PWM on former limit, can produce peak voltage on the secondary rectifying device.If do not process, the maximum that the peak value of this peak voltage surpasses switching device probably allows withstand voltage and causes components from being damaged.For suppressing the switch peak voltage of moment, fairly simple method is the absorption circuit that parallel connection is made up of passive device on the switching device of secondary, absorbs circuit such as common R-C or R-C-D.The principle of these passive absorption circuits be absorb peak voltage through electric capacity energy then with this energy consumption in resistance.The simplest R-C is absorbed circuit, and even without any spike, desirable PWM waveform also produces loss in absorbing circuit.Especially in the higher design of output voltage, the power consumption of passive absorption circuit is excessive; Under the acceptable loss, assimilation effect is poor.
Adopt the active absorption circuit of electric capacity and active switch device series connection to obtain more use (document sees reference).Fig. 3 comprises the sketch map that auxiliary edge active absorbs circuit.How in selected topology, to control the switching device that absorbs in the circuit to optimization, both realized the absorption of peak voltage effectively, avoiding simultaneously with conflicting of main line switching device is effectively to use one of this type of key that absorbs circuit.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides the control method of auxiliary edge active absorption circuit in a kind of DC-DC converter, improves the performance of converter.
The present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem through following technical proposals: secondary absorbs circuit and control method in a kind of DC-DC converter; This circuit adopts and comprises former sideline road and the DC-DC converter of paying the sideline road; Former sideline road comprises input voltage source, with input voltage source switch coupled circuit, coupling former sideline road with pay the transformer on sideline road, pay that the sideline road comprises rectifying circuit, the peak voltage that is connected across rectifier output absorbs circuit and output filtering loop wire road; Absorb circuit and connect with a switching device with parallel diode and constitute, it is characterized in that the control signal of the switching device in the active absorption circuit is by rectifier output voltage or signal proportional with it generation by absorbing electric capacity.
Preferably, as shown in Figure 3, the switching device Q205 in the above-mentioned active absorption circuit is P type MOSFET, utilizes its body diode to realize the absorption of peak voltage and the release of convenience drive controlling realization energy over the ground.
Shown in Figure 4 is the P-MOSFET driving sequential chart of possible in theory.Consider and should guarantee that Q205 turn-offs to avoid causing the discharge to C_snubber owing to the decline of Va before Va descends, Vg_Q205 among Fig. 4 (weak point) is a kind of type of drive of practicality.It is very of short duration that peak voltage absorbs the required time, and the current reversal that Q205 only need provide the time let and absorb in the electric capacity discharges, and just can guarantee that this absorbs the normal operation of circuit.
Circuit as shown in Figure 5 can be realized P-MOSFET drive scheme among Fig. 4.The voltage signal Va that coupling winding 36 on the outputting inductance Lo produces is as shown in Figure 6.The velocity of discharge of Vg_Q205 is by the gate pole electric capacity decision of the C1 in the level shiftable haulage line, R1 and Q205.If C1 is bigger, the waveform of Vg_Q205 will be near square wave.The shutoff that Q205 so just possibly take place is untimely, and produces extra loss.Therefore the parameter in the level shiftable haulage line should be suitably selected in correct design, make the velocity of discharge of Vg_Q205 fully fast, thereby Q205 turn-offs naturally in commutation phase.When in absorbing circuit, adopting the switching device of other types, can revise the circuit that drives according to the characteristic of device drive, principle is identical.
Circuit as shown in Figure 7 adopts the signal of coupling winding on the main transformer to realize absorbing the driving of switching device in the circuit through driver and a level shiftable haulage line of an anti-phase output.Likewise, the velocity of discharge of Vg_Q205 is by the gate pole electric capacity decision of the C1 in the level shiftable haulage line, R1 and Q205.If C1 is bigger, the waveform of Vg_Q205 will be near square wave.The shutoff that Q205 so just possibly take place is untimely, and produces extra loss.Therefore the parameter in the level shiftable haulage line should be suitably selected in correct design, make the velocity of discharge of Vg_Q205 fully fast, thereby Q205 turn-offs naturally in commutation phase.In the circuit of Fig. 7, the operating frequency that absorbs the switching device of circuit is the half the of Fig. 5 circuit.Because the peak voltage corresponding energy is generally less, so the energy feedback can absorb generation once by per twice spike.
Fig. 9 is a kind of absorption circuit in the bridge rectifier circuit, and it adopts two independently to absorb circuit, respectively the switching device of each brachium pontis is done the absorption of peak voltage.Its control signal that absorbs switching device in circuit can be obtained after through proper process by the control signal of lower switch device in the same brachium pontis.The advantage of this method is to absorb circuit can recently be placed on the absorbed switching device of needs place, thereby assimilation effect is better.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: former limit full-bridge, secondary full-bridge synchronous rectifier converter sketch map.
Fig. 2: the driving sequential sketch map of full-bridge synchronous rectifier converter.
Fig. 3: converter sketch map with active absorption circuit.
Fig. 4: the driving sequential sketch map of P-MOSFET in the active absorption circuit.
Fig. 5: auxiliary edge active absorbs circuit circuit 1 sketch map.
Fig. 6: main waveform sketch map in Fig. 5 circuit.
Fig. 7: auxiliary edge active absorbs circuit circuit 2 sketch mapes.
Fig. 8: main waveform sketch map in Fig. 7 circuit.
Fig. 9: auxiliary edge active absorbs circuit 3 sketch mapes.
Figure 10: auxiliary edge active absorbs circuit circuit 3 sketch mapes.
Embodiment
Provide three preferable embodiment of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, to specify technical scheme of the present invention.
The present invention provides the control method of auxiliary edge active absorption circuit in a kind of DC-DC converter.Adopt the driving sequential of this control method as shown in Figure 4.The enforcement circuit of realizing this control timing is as shown in Figure 5.
Among Fig. 5 first implements circuit and comprises former sideline road 20 and secondary circuit 30.Former sideline road comprise input voltage source 21, with the bridge switch device Q101 of input voltage source 21 coupling; Q102, Q103, the transformer T100 on the bridge circuit that Q104 constitutes, coupling former sideline road and pair sideline road; Paying the sideline road comprises by Q201; Q202, is connected across the output filtering link that the peak voltage on the rectifier bridge absorbs circuit 34 and is made up of Lo and Co at the bridge rectifier circuit that Q203, Q204 constitute; The main line that absorbs circuit is connected with a P type MOSFET with parallel diode and is constituted by absorbing capacitor C _ snubber; The control circuit that absorbs circuit comprises by diode D1, and resistance R 1 moves and pulsewidth restriction circuit with the level that capacitor C 1 constitutes, and outputting inductance coupling winding 36 constitutes.
The main operation waveform of circuit is as shown in Figure 6 among Fig. 5.Uprised by low at t1 moment Va, Vb is just being become by negative.If the capacity of capacitor C 1 is bigger, the time constant that itself and resistance R 1 constitutes is much larger than the switch periods of converter, the waveform of Vg_Q205 as Vg_Q205 among Fig. 5 (shown in; If the capacity of capacitor C 1 is less, the time constant that itself and resistance R 1 constitute is significantly less than the switch periods of converter, and the waveform of Vg_Q205 is shown in Vg_Q205 among Fig. 7, and Vg_Q205 has dropped to the gate pole threshold voltage of Q205 when t2, Q205 is turn-offed.The time constant of C1 and R1 will make the time (t1 to t2) of Q205 conducting enough will discharge back again in the outputting inductance of converter because of peak voltage gets into the energy that absorbs electric capacity at least, promptly accomplishes the two-way flow of the C_snubber electric current shown in Fig. 4.T4 begins the repetition said process constantly.
Among Fig. 7 second implements circuit and comprises former sideline road 20 and secondary circuit 30.Former sideline road comprise input voltage source 21, with the bridge switch device Q101 of input voltage source 21 coupling; Q102, Q103, the transformer T100 on the bridge circuit that Q104 constitutes, coupling former sideline road and pair sideline road; Paying the sideline road comprises by Q201; Q202, is connected across the output filtering link that the peak voltage on the rectifier bridge absorbs circuit 34 and is made up of Lo and Co at the bridge rectifier circuit that Q203, Q204 constitute; The main line that absorbs circuit is connected with a P type MOSFET with parallel diode and is constituted by absorbing capacitor C _ snubber; The control circuit that absorbs circuit comprises V_bias that the potential pulse that produced by main transformer winding 38 forms after diode D3 rectification and through the signal Vb of resistance R 2 and R3 dividing potential drop gained, driver U1, by diode D1, resistance R 1 moves and pulsewidth restriction circuit with the level that capacitor C 1 constitutes.
The main operation waveform of circuit is as shown in Figure 8 among Fig. 7.Vb is because of only having got the unidirectional voltage of transformer, so its cycle is the twice of Va.Uprised by low at t1 moment Va, Vb is also uprised by low, and Vc is by high step-down.Select capacitor C 1 and resistance R 1 to make the time constant of formation be significantly less than the switch periods of converter, the waveform of Vg_Q205 is shown in Vg_Q205 among Fig. 8, and Vg_Q205 has dropped to the gate pole threshold voltage of Q205 when t2, and Q205 is turn-offed.The time constant of C1 and R1 will make the time (t1 to t2) of Q205 conducting enough will discharge back again in the outputting inductance of converter because of peak voltage gets into the energy that absorbs electric capacity at least, promptly accomplishes the two-way flow of the C_snubber electric current shown in Fig. 8.T4 Va constantly rises once more, and the peak current that peak voltage causes flows into C_snubber, because of Vb does not have signal, so Q205 can not open the process that does not promptly release energy.In this embodiment, the frequency that releases energy is endergonic half the.Less because of each energy that absorbs, the significant change that can not cause C_snubber to go up voltage generally is an acceptable so per twice absorption energy correspondence once releases energy.
Among Fig. 9 the 3rd implements circuit and comprises former sideline road 20 and secondary circuit 30.Former sideline road comprise input voltage source 21, with the bridge switch device Q101 of input voltage source 21 coupling; Q102, Q103, the transformer T100 on the bridge circuit that Q104 constitutes, coupling former sideline road and pair sideline road; Paying the sideline road comprises by Q201; Q202, two brachium pontis mid points of bridge rectifier circuit, cross-over connection that Q203, Q204 constitute are to the peak voltage absorption circuit 34 on ground and 35 and the output filtering link that is made up of Lo and Co; The main line 34 that absorbs circuit is connected with a P type MOSFET Q205 with parallel diode and is constituted by absorbing capacitor C _ snubber1.The control signal of switching device Q205 is moved and the generation of pulsewidth restriction circuit through the level that is made up of R1, R2, C1, D1 by the control signal of same brachium pontis lower switch device Q202 in this absorption circuit.Level moves with the reason and the principle of pulsewidth restriction the same.The function of R2 provides the time-delay that a Q205 opens, and is open-minded to guarantee that Q205 can also not rise at the voltage of Q202 when enough high.The operation principle that absorbs circuit 35 is identical with 34.
The main operation waveform of circuit is shown in figure 10 among Fig. 9.
Though the narration that above-mentioned control method is just carried out the full-bridge topology of secondary, its principle is suitable equally to the topological structure of other multiple secondary.
Used MOSFET as device for power switching in the description of above-mentioned control method.This control method is equally applicable to any other and possesses the device of switching characteristic.If used switching device does not have body diode, then to add parallel diode.
Though more than described embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those of skill in the art that these only illustrate, under the prerequisite that does not deviate from principle of the present invention and essence, can make numerous variations or modification to these execution modes.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention is limited appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. a DC-DC converter auxiliary edge active absorbs circuit and control method; This circuit adopts the DC-DC converter that comprises former sideline road and secondary circuit; Former sideline road comprises input voltage source, with input voltage source switch coupled device, coupling former sideline road with pay the transformer on sideline road, the secondary circuit comprises the rectifying device that is operated in rectification state or afterflow state, the one or more active absorption circuit and the output filter circuit of coupling rectifying device.Active absorption circuit comprises the series arm of one first electric capacity and one first gate-controlled switch device formation and controls the circuit of this switching device.The control signal of above-mentioned first switching device is generated by rectifier output voltage or relative signal.
2. DC-DC converter auxiliary edge active as claimed in claim 1 absorbs circuit, it is characterized in that active absorption circuit is connected across the output of rectifier, and the control signal of above-mentioned first switching device is generated by the signal of outputting inductance coupling winding.
3. DC-DC converter auxiliary edge active as claimed in claim 2 absorbs circuit, it is characterized in that above-mentioned first switching device is P type MOSFET (P-MOSFET), has first diode of a parallel connection; The voltage that outputting inductance coupling winding produces forms negative signal through the level shiftable haulage line that is made up of one second electric capacity, second diode and one first resistance; Drive above-mentioned first switching device (P-MOSFET); Be implemented in that above-mentioned first switching device is a conducting state in the part-time that rectifier is output as high level, above-mentioned first switching device is an off state in rectifier is output as the All Time of low level (zero).
4. level shiftable haulage line as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, selects suitable above-mentioned first resistance and the parameter of above-mentioned second electric capacity, makes the part-time conducting of above-mentioned first switching device during rectification state, before rectification state finishes, automatically shuts down.
5. DC-DC converter auxiliary edge active as claimed in claim 1 absorbs circuit, it is characterized in that, the control signal of above-mentioned first switching device is generated by the signal that is directly proportional with the output voltage of rectifier.
6. circuit as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, above-mentioned first switching device is P type MOSFET (P-MOSFET); The signal that is directly proportional with the rectifier output voltage that is generated by the main transformer winding is connected to the input of one first driver through one second resistance and one the 3rd electric resistance partial pressure; This first driver is anti-phase output, and the output signal forms negative signal through above-mentioned level shiftable haulage line, drives first switching device (P-MOSFET) that absorbs in the circuit.
7. level shiftable haulage line as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, selects suitable above-mentioned first resistance and the parameter of above-mentioned second electric capacity, makes the part-time conducting of first switching device during rectification state, before rectification state finishes, automatically shuts down.
8. DC-DC converter auxiliary edge active as claimed in claim 1 absorbs circuit, it is characterized in that one first active absorption circuit is connected across between the first brachium pontis mid point and ground of a full-bridge rectifier; One second active absorption circuit is connected across between the second brachium pontis mid point and ground of above-mentioned full-bridge rectifier; The control signal of dividing other first switching device and second switch device in the first and second active absorption circuits is by the drive signal generation of the lower switch device of brachium pontis separately.
9. DC-DC converter auxiliary edge active as claimed in claim 8 absorbs circuit, it is characterized in that above-mentioned first switching device and second switch device are P type MOSFET; The drive signal of the lower switch device of first brachium pontis forms negative signal through the over level shiftable haulage line, drives above-mentioned first switching device; The drive signal of the lower switch device of second brachium pontis forms negative signal through the over level shiftable haulage line, drives above-mentioned second switch device.
10. DC-DC converter auxiliary edge active as claimed in claim 9 absorbs circuit, it is characterized in that, selects the parameter in the suitable level shiftable haulage line, makes opening of above-mentioned first and second switching devices have necessary time-delay; Conducting in the part-time of first and second switching devices during rectification state automatically shuts down before rectification state finishes.
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| CN2011101363899A CN102801324A (en) | 2011-05-25 | 2011-05-25 | Secondary side active absorption line and control method for direct-current-direct-current converter |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103856055A (en) * | 2014-02-28 | 2014-06-11 | 台达电子企业管理（上海）有限公司 | DC/DC convertor and control method thereof |
| CN104702110A (en) * | 2013-12-05 | 2015-06-10 | 联合汽车电子有限公司 | Active-clamp absorption circuit |
| CN107370401A (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2017-11-21 | 深圳市易电新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of level topological circuit of three-phase five |
| CN108075456A (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2018-05-25 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | A kind of multi-functional fault current controllers and control method |
| CN113765409A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2021-12-07 | 厦门市必易微电子技术有限公司 | Control method and power regulation method for direct alternating current-alternating current conversion circuit |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104702110A (en) * | 2013-12-05 | 2015-06-10 | 联合汽车电子有限公司 | Active-clamp absorption circuit |
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| CN108075456A (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2018-05-25 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | A kind of multi-functional fault current controllers and control method |
| CN113765409A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2021-12-07 | 厦门市必易微电子技术有限公司 | Control method and power regulation method for direct alternating current-alternating current conversion circuit |
| CN113765409B (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2023-12-19 | 厦门市必易微电子技术有限公司 | Control method and power regulation method for direct alternating current-alternating current conversion circuit |
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Application publication date: 20121128 |