CN102800876A - Self-humidifying fuel cell - Google Patents
Self-humidifying fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN102800876A CN102800876A CN2012103262219A CN201210326221A CN102800876A CN 102800876 A CN102800876 A CN 102800876A CN 2012103262219 A CN2012103262219 A CN 2012103262219A CN 201210326221 A CN201210326221 A CN 201210326221A CN 102800876 A CN102800876 A CN 102800876A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The invention discloses a self-humidifying fuel cell. The fuel cell is formed by superposing a plurality of monomers, wherein each monomer comprises a cathode flow field plate, an anode flow field plate, a sealing piece and a film electrode; the film electrode consists of a reaction area and a humidifying area; corresponding reaction areas and humidifying areas are contained in the anode flow field plate and the cathode flow field plate; the cathode reaction air enters the fuel cell monomers, passes through the humidifying area of the cathode flow field plate and enters the reaction area to participate an electrochemical reaction; the completely reacted air enters the humidifying area on the anode flow field plate through a gas channel formed on the film electrode; and the air passing through the reaction area has high humidity, and the water can humidify the inlet cathode reaction air through the proton exchange film of the humidifying area on the film electrode. The inlet air is humidified by directly utilizing the air exhaust, the humidifying area and the reaction area are positioned on the same film electrode, the fuel cell is simple in structure, the fuel cell stack integration is not influenced, the water management problem of the fuel cell can be greatly solved, and the power density of a fuel cell system is improved. The fuel cell can be applied to various fields of various electronic equipment power supplies, the uninterrupted power system, the electric automobile engine system and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention belongs to fuel cell field, refers in particular to the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells technology of not having outer humidification of using.
Background technology
Fuel cell is a kind of uninterruptable power generation device that the fuel and the chemical energy in the oxidant of outside supply are transformed into electric energy.Present fuel cell technology is mainly according to making several types, alkaline fuel cell, phosphoric acid fuel cell, molten carbonate fuel cell, Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells and SOFC etc. electrolytical different the branch.Develop comparative maturity and application prospect be the most widely Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell, PEMFC).
In Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, electrolyte is the PEM with proton transfer performance, and what extensively adopt at present is perfluoro sulfonic acid membrane.The transmission of proton in dielectric film will rely on hydrone as the conduction carrier; So; Water content in the PEM has very large influence to fuel cell performance, has best proton conductive when water is in saturation condition in the film, and fuel cell also can be brought into play best power generation performance.So carrying out humidification or preserve moisture for PEM is the inevitable choice in the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells.
At present, traditional P EMFC humidifying technology is active humidification mode, promptly from the external world water source is provided.Humidifying method has bubbling humidification, film humidification, dew point humidification, direct water filling etc.; Can be divided into two types of outer humidification and interior humidifications by the integrated tightness degree with battery pile: outer humidification is that humidification subsystem and battery are separated, and before reacting gas gets into battery, carries out humidification; Interior humidification is that humidification subsystem and battery are become one, and after reacting gas gets into battery, carries out humidification.
Canadian crust rad energy resource system company has proposed in pile, to make up the scheme of humidifier, uses the cooling water humidification reacting gas (WO 01/67533) of pile.Such battery system is realized interior humidification with film usually; The Nafion series amberplex that the humidifier membrane material generally selects for use E.I.Du Pont Company to produce at present; Also have and utilize milipore filter (UF) and reverse osmosis membrane (RO) to report (Journal of Power Sources as the research of moistened membrane; 1998,74:146-150).For membrane humidifier, the practical external water circulation that adopts provides humidification water, and pile cooling simultaneously needs cooling water, because water quality requirement is different, two kinds of water can not unite two into one again, needs to make up two cover water circulation systems in the system, causes system complex, and the subsidiary engine power consumption is high.
Directly the water filling humidification can let the amount of humidification of customization in reacting gas, can inject aqueous water or inject steam.The former relies on booster pump pressurized jet current, and making current is the reacting gas water filling through high pressure nozzle.U.S. DynEco company develops a kind of 112B4 type wet hydrogen circulator, and rated power is 30W, can cooperate direct water filling humidifying technology (US6268074) well, and (12Vdc 48W) can make hydraulic pressure rise to 60 ~ 145Psi to booster pump.It is the technology that the PEMFC anode directly injects aqueous water that U.S. Pat 5958613 discloses a kind of, can the water yield be provided for cell power generation, and the evaporation latent heat of aqueous water capable of using cools off pile again.The purpose that U.S. Pat 5432020 disclosed humidifiers use reaction gas flow at a high speed and water smoke blend to reach humidification; Be particularly suitable for humidification to air; Because air can raise through temperature after the processed compressed before getting into PEMFC, add aqueous water and help cooling.The direct humidification of aqueous water can be simplified humidification system, but the liquid water yield that gets into battery needs meticulous control.
Utilization adds the water source to be carried out humidification to fuel cell pile and must make up water circuit system, needs associated components such as water tank, water circulation pipe, pump, valve at least, need water level be monitored simultaneously, when cistern water level is not enough, carries out moisturizing.Yet because fuel cell hydrogen and oxygen reaction generation water when work, the water of generation can pass through and be recycled to water tank after carbonated drink is separated.From this point, add the complexity that the water humidification has brought system.For fuel cell, the water role is to keep the wetability of film, and to keep good ionic conducting property, the water of reaction generation is just enough in fact.So reclaiming steam in the fuel cell tail gas, to carry out humidification to air inlet just extremely important, particularly fuel battery negative pole tail gas.The steam that reclaims in the tail gas is used for the humidification air inlet, helps simplified system, reduces internal system subsidiary engine power consumption, improves power density.
U.S. Emprise company has developed a kind of reaction end gas that utilizes pile reacting gas has been carried out the outer humidifier (US6013385) of humidification, and its core is a discoid ceramic porous material, and chemical composition is cordierite (2MgO-2Al
2O
3-5SiO
2), it is little that this material gas is transmitted resistance, has high mechanical properties and strong absorptive.Humidifier is divided into two cavitys; The tail gas that from pile, gives off contains certain used heat and a large amount of moisture, when flowing through cordierite material, discharges heat and dehydrated; Like this when driven by motor cordierite disk rotates, at the dry reaction gas of opposite side just by humidification.The water yield rate of recovery can reach 85-90%, and its life test has surpassed 10000 hours.U.S. Pat 6471195 discloses a kind of doughnut humidifier, and the employing diameter is 2mm, and the hollow fiber conduit of long 250mm is as the exchange of moisture material.When the fuel battery negative pole exhaust gas discharged was flowed through these hollow fiber membrane materials, the large quantity of moisture in the waste gas was condensed, and was delivered to outside fresh air through the capillary on the tube wall, reached the purpose of humidification.
More than two kinds of humidifying methods all be to utilize cathode exhaust gas to come the humidification air inlet, adopting Nafion pipe humidifier to reclaim steam in the cathode exhaust gas, to carry out air wetting respond well, this humidifier has been obtained commercial applications.In fuel cell system, that adopts outer humidifier can obtain good humidification effect, adopts the steam way of recycling that external water source humidification method or no external water source are arranged no matter be.But, behind the reacting gas process external humidification device humidification, need be transported to fuel cell through utilidor, avoid water vapor condensation.Simultaneously, the reacting gas behind the humidification gets in the gas distribution pipeline of pile, enters into the gas distribution flow field of monocell again through the gas passage on the monocell.Since the reacting gas behind the humidification from gas distribution pipeline enter into the process steam in battery flow field can be at the gas service pipes middle part segregation junction, the gas that keep getting into each cell remains on identical humidity level and is difficult to accomplish.Owing to the inhomogeneities that gas distributes, cause the difference of cell performance easily, this species diversity can obtain amplifying after pile works long hours.Probability and amplitude through experiment showed, the cell performance degradation that is in the fuel cell two ends are all big than the cell that is in the middle part.So the uniformity that how to keep gas and water distribution in each cell is a key issue of fuel cell operation steady in a long-term needs solution.
In fuel cell pile, owing to be through being connected in series, the electric current that every joint cell flows through is identical, and the water yield that is produced is identical.That is to say that if make the amount of reactant gases that gets into every joint cell roughly the same through flow field optimization, the gas humidity that flows out cell also is roughly the same.If utilize the tail gas that flows out every joint cell to carry out humidification, just can guarantee that every joint cell all is in close humidity level, makes fuel cell keep consistency preferably for the air inlet that flows into this joint cell.
Summary of the invention
To above deficiency; The object of the invention aims to provide a kind of self-humidifying fuel cell; There are humidification zone and reaction zone in each fuel cell inside; The reacting gas that gets into fuel cell at first carries out humidification through humidification zone, and then gets into reaction zone participation electrochemical reaction, crosses humidification zone through the high humility tail gas stream behind the reaction zone and comes to carry out humidification for air inlet.Through this humidification mode; Can make and the humidity that the reacting gas that gets into every joint individual fuel cells is consistent help fuel cell operation steady in a long-term, simultaneously; Utilize this interior humidification mode; Simplify the water management of fuel cell system, can make battery structure compact more, improved system capacity density.
Technical scheme of the present invention is following: a kind of self-humidifying fuel cell; It is formed by stacking at least two fuel cells; Each fuel cell contains anode flow field board, membrane electrode and cathode flow field plate successively; It is characterized in that: each fuel cell membrane electrode is made up of humidification zone and reaction zone two parts at least; Each fuel cell anode flow field board is made up of anode humidification flow field and anodic gas reactive flowfield two parts at least, and each fuel cell cathode flow field plate is made up of negative electrode humidification flow field and cathode gas reactive flowfield two parts at least; Anode humidification flow field, membrane electrode humidification zone, position, negative electrode humidification flow field are corresponding each other; Cathode reaction gas is flowed through and is passed membrane electrode behind the cathode gas reactive flowfield and flow through and flow out battery behind the anode humidification flow field; Can see through the membrane electrode humidification zone through the entrained steam of the cathode reaction tail gas of membrane electrode reaction zone is at least a humidification that carries out in cathode reaction gas and the anode reaction gas.
Described fuel cell membrane electrode comprises humidification zone and reaction zone; Reaction zone is made up of for five layers anode diffusion layer, anode catalyst layer, PEM, cathode catalysis layer, cathode diffusion layer at least; Humidification zone is made up of for three layers anode support, PEM, cathode support layer etc. at least; Be furnished with gas via-hole on the membrane electrode, can make cathode reaction gas enter into the anode humidification flow field on the anode flow field board from the cathode gas reactive flowfield on the cathode flow field plate.
Anode humidification flow field on the described anode flow field board and anodic gas reactive flowfield are isolated to avoid anodic gas to mix each other with cathode gas through anode seal each other, and negative electrode humidification flow field on the described cathode flow field plate and cathode gas reactive flowfield are isolated to guarantee that cathode gas flows according to the type of flow of design through the negative electrode seal each other.
Described anode flow field board has anode humidification flow field and anodic gas reactive flowfield towards a side of membrane electrode, on membrane electrode one side fuel cell coolant flow field is arranged dorsad.
Described cathode flow field plate has negative electrode humidification flow field and cathode gas reactive flowfield towards a side of membrane electrode, on membrane electrode one side fuel cell coolant flow field is arranged dorsad.
Described anode flow field board has anode humidification flow field and anodic gas reactive flowfield towards a side of membrane electrode; Negative electrode humidification flow field and cathode gas reactive flowfield that a last cell is arranged on membrane electrode one side dorsad, this anode flow field board are again simultaneously as the cathode flow field plate of a last cell.
Described cathode flow field plate has negative electrode humidification flow field and cathode gas reactive flowfield towards a side of membrane electrode; Anode humidification flow field and anodic gas reactive flowfield that next cell is arranged on membrane electrode one side dorsad, this cathode flow field plate are again simultaneously as the anode flow field board of next cell.
Described anode reaction gas is the mist of hydrogen or hydrogen, and described cathode reaction gas is oxygen or air.
The present invention compared with prior art; Have the following advantages and the high-lighting effect: comprise reaction zone and humidification zone on the 1. same fuel cell membrane electrode; Directly utilize the high humility reaction end gas that flows through reaction zone humidification to be carried out in air inlet at humidification zone; Can make that each individual fuel cells reaction gas humidity is consistent in the pile, help improving fuel battery stability.2. the fuel cell humidifying district is integrated in the membrane electrode, has avoided use external humidification device, has reduced the fuel cell system complexity, has reduced water management subsidiary engine power consumption, has improved the power density and the energy density of fuel cell.3. humidification zone and reaction zone are integrated in the membrane electrode, only on anode flow field board and cathode flow field plate, corresponding gas flow are necessarily designed, and group heap mode and conventional fuel cell are in full accord, convenient and simple.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional exploded view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the side schematic view of the embodiment of the invention 1.
Fig. 3 is the side schematic view of the embodiment of the invention 2.
Among the figure: 100-anode flow field board, the air inlet distributing pipe on the 101-anode flow field board, 102-anode humidification flow field, 103-anode reaction flow field; 104-is from the air intlet of cathode flow field plate entering anode flow field board, the air exhaust distributing pipe on the 105-anode flow field board, 106-anode seal, the hydrogen air inlet distributing pipe on the 107-anode flow field board; Hydrogen exhaust distributing pipe on the 108-anode flow field board, 200-membrane electrode, the air inlet hole on the 201-membrane electrode, 202-humidification zone; The 203-reaction zone, the gas via-hole on the 204-membrane electrode, the air vents on the 205-membrane electrode, the hydrogen air admission hole on the 207-membrane electrode; Hydrogen steam vent on the 208-membrane electrode, 211-membrane electrode anode diffusion layer, 212-membrane electrode anode catalyst layer, 213-PEM; 214-membrane electrode cathode Catalytic Layer, 215-membrane electrode cathode diffusion layer, 216-membrane electrode humidification zone anode support, 217-membrane electrode humidification zone cathode support layer; The 300-cathode flow field plate, the air inlet distributing pipe on the 301-cathode flow field plate, 302-negative electrode humidification flow field; 303-cathode reaction flow field, 304-flows to the air outlet slit of anode flow field board, the air exhaust distributing pipe on the 305-cathode flow field plate from cathode flow field plate; 306-negative electrode seal, the hydrogen air inlet distributing pipe on the 307-cathode flow field plate, the hydrogen exhaust distributing pipe on the 308-cathode flow field plate.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing structure of the present invention and embodiment are further described.
Embodiment one:
A kind of execution mode that has shown a kind of self-humidifying fuel cell of the present invention among Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, Fig. 1 is this invention fuel cell stereo decomposition texture sketch map, Fig. 2 is a side schematic view.From Fig. 1, can know; Self-humidifying fuel cell is formed by stacking two fuel cells; Each fuel cell contains anode flow field board 100, membrane electrode 200 and cathode flow field plate 300 successively; In the bottom of fuel cell is the fuel cell humidifying part, and top is the fuel cell reaction part.The top of membrane electrode 200 is provided with hydrogen air admission hole 207 and hydrogen steam vent 208, and the bottom is provided with air inlet hole 201 and air vents 205.
In the humidification zone 202 and reaction zone 203 of the monomer membrane electrode 200 of fuel cell; Reaction zone 203 is made up of for five layers anode diffusion layer 211, anode catalyst layer 212, PEM 213, cathode catalysis layer 214, cathode diffusion layer 215 etc. at least; Humidification zone 202 is made up of for 217 3 layers anode support 216, PEM 213, cathode support layer at least; Be furnished with gas via-hole 204 on the membrane electrode 200, can make cathode reaction gas enter into the anode humidification flow field 102 on the anode flow field board 100 from the cathode gas reactive flowfield 303 on the cathode flow field plate 300; The top of monomer membrane electrode 200 is provided with hydrogen air admission hole 207 and hydrogen steam vent 208, and the bottom is provided with air inlet hole 201 and air vents 205.
Humidification part of the present invention includes anode humidification flow field 102, membrane electrode humidification zone 202 and negative electrode humidification flow field 302.Air gets into the air inlet distributing pipe 101 on the anode flow field board from the air intake of pile; Air inlet distributing pipe 301 from cathode flow field plate gets into the individual fuel cells flow field; At first flow through humidification flow field 302 on the cathode flow field plate 300; Herein, anode support 216, PEM 213 and cathode support layer 217 that steam sees through the membrane electrode humidification zone are delivered to negative electrode humidification flow field 302 from anode humidification flow field 102, and the air humidity that gets into fuel cell is increased.Reaction air behind the humidification flows into the cathode reaction flow field 303 on the cathode flow field plate again.
At reaction zone, because the generation of electrochemical reaction of fuel battery generates water at negative electrode, along with cathode air flowing in runner, the humidity of air increases thereupon.Flow to the air outlet slit 304 outflow cathode flow field plates 300 of anode flow field board at last through cathode flow field plate through the air of reaction zone; Pass the gas via-hole 204 on the membrane electrode, the air intlet 104 on the runner anode flow field board and getting in the humidification flow field of anode flow field board.In anode humidification flow field; Water vapour in the air tail gas can see through membrane electrode humidification zone entering negative electrode humidification flow field 302 and carry out humidification for air inlet; Simultaneously; The latent heat that heat in the air tail gas and air tail gas water vapour discharge in condensation process also sees through the membrane electrode humidification zone and passes to air inlet, plays the effect of heat exchange, can let air get into reaction zone like this and obtain before preheating earlier.Because humidification zone is arranged on the bottom of fuel cell, if cathode air supersaturation in the course of reaction, the aqueous water that condenses into also can be taken to humidification zone by air through gas flow, keeps the high humility of membrane electrode humidification zone PEM.After the exchange of sufficient water and heat took place in anode humidification flow field 102, air tail gas got into the air exhaust distributing pipe 105 on the anode flow field board, discharged pile through the air outlet slit of pile at last.Aqueous water excessive in the pile also flows out battery through the air exhaust distributing pipe on the anode flow field board 105.After hydrogen gets into pile hydrogen air inlet distributing pipe from the pile hydrogen inlet; Hydrogen air inlet distributing pipe 107 from anode flow field board gets into individual fuel cells; Individual fuel cells is flowed out from the hydrogen exhaust distributing pipe 108 on the anode flow field board in 103 backs, the anode reaction of flowing through flow field, flows out fuel cell pile from pile hydrogen air exit again.In the present embodiment, only utilize air tail gas that air inlet is carried out humidification, humidification is not carried out in the hydrogen air inlet.Because air mass flow is bigger 2 ~ 5 times than hydrogen flowing quantity, if air with the dry gas air inlet, is taken fuel battery inside moisture out of extremely easily entirely with gaseous form, makes that the membrane electrode reaction zone is dried up, battery performance and life-span all can descend.This situation is very important for the fuel cell of atmospheric operation, so, very necessary to the humidification of air inlet.And hydrogen flowing quantity is less, also can adopt the anode " locked in " operation, cooperates with the method for exhausting at intermittence, and fuel battery performance does not have too big reduction, so can only carry out humidification to air inlet, humidification is not carried out in the hydrogen air inlet.
Anode humidification flow field 102 on the anode flow field board 100 isolates to avoid anodic gas to mix each other with cathode gas through anode seal 106 with anodic gas reactive flowfield 103 each other, and the negative electrode humidification flow field 302 on the cathode flow field plate 300 isolates to guarantee that cathode gas flows according to the type of flow of design through negative electrode seal 306 with cathode gas reactive flowfield 303 each other.Anode flow field board 100 has anode humidification flow field 102 and anodic gas reactive flowfield 103 towards a side of membrane electrode 200, on membrane electrode one side fuel cell coolant flow field is arranged dorsad.Cathode flow field plate 300 has negative electrode humidification flow field 302 and cathode gas reactive flowfield 303 towards a side of membrane electrode 200; On membrane electrode one side fuel cell coolant flow field is arranged dorsad; The bottom of cathode flow field plate 300 is provided with air inlet distributing pipe 301 and air exhaust distributing pipe 305, and top is provided with hydrogen air inlet distributing pipe 307 and hydrogen exhaust distributing pipe 308.
Anode flow field board 100 has anode humidification flow field 102 and anodic gas reactive flowfield 103 towards a side of membrane electrode 200; Negative electrode humidification flow field 302 and cathode gas reactive flowfield 303 that a last cell is arranged on membrane electrode one side dorsad; This anode flow field board 100 is again simultaneously as the cathode flow field plate 300 of a last cell; Described cathode flow field plate 300 has negative electrode humidification flow field 302 and cathode gas reactive flowfield 303 towards a side of membrane electrode 200; Anode humidification flow field 102 and anodic gas reactive flowfield 103 that next cell is arranged on membrane electrode one side dorsad, this cathode flow field plate 300 are again simultaneously as the anode flow field board 100 of next cell.Anode reaction gas is the mist of hydrogen or hydrogen, and cathode reaction gas is oxygen or air.
From Fig. 1, can see; Present embodiment anode flow field board 100, membrane electrode 200 and cathode flow field plate 300 air inlet distributing pipe, the air exhaust distributing pipe of the set hydrogen air inlet distributing pipe in common top, hydrogen exhaust distributing pipe and common bottom communicate, the position is corresponding.
Embodiment two:
What Fig. 3 showed is another kind of execution mode, promptly utilizes air tail gas simultaneously hydrogen and air inlet to be carried out humidification.In this execution mode, the type of flow of air is identical with embodiment one, and different is, when hydrogen gets into individual fuel cells, and negative electrode humidification flow field 302 on the cathode flow field plate of at first flowing through.Humidification flow field on the cathode flow field plate 300 is divided into two parts at this moment; A part is the air humidification flow field; Another part is hydrogen humidification flow field, is spaced from each other through negative electrode seal 306 between air humidification flow field and the hydrogen humidification flow field, avoids hydrogen to mix each other with air.Corresponding membrane electrode humidification zone also divides does two parts of hydrogen humidification zone and air humidification district.After hydrogen gets into the hydrogen humidification zone on the cathode flow field plate 300; Absorbed from anode humidification flow field behind moisture and heat that membrane electrode hydrogen humidification zone passes over; Humidity is increased; And then flow to the anode reaction flow field on the anode flow field board from the hydrogen humidification flow field on the cathode flow field plate through the hydrogen through hole on the membrane electrode, and participate in electrochemical reaction at the membrane electrode reaction zone, flow to hydrogen exhaust distributing pipe at last and flow out battery again.In the present embodiment, air and hydrogen air inlet are all carried out humidification and preheating through air tail gas, help the reaction of fuel cell more.But, because hydrogen and air all need pass through humidification, must separate two kinds of gases on the flow-field plate, needing increases seal, and complexity has increased on the structure, and membrane electrode is made and has more been bothered.Simultaneously, because air is shared same moistening zone with hydrogen, in order to guarantee abundant humidification, the area of humidification zone need respond increase.
Claims (8)
1. self-humidifying fuel cell; It is formed by stacking at least two fuel cells; Each fuel cell contains anode flow field board (100), membrane electrode (200) and cathode flow field plate (300) successively; It is characterized in that: each fuel cell membrane electrode (200) is made up of humidification zone (202) and reaction zone (203) two parts at least; Each fuel cell anode flow field board (100) is made up of anode humidification flow field (102) and anodic gas reactive flowfield (103) two parts at least, and each fuel cell cathode flow field plate (300) is made up of negative electrode humidification flow field (302) and cathode gas reactive flowfield (303) two parts at least; Anode humidification flow field (102), membrane electrode humidification zone (102), position, negative electrode humidification flow field (302) are corresponding each other; Cathode reaction gas is flowed through and is passed the membrane electrode back, anode humidification flow field (102) of flowing through behind the cathode gas reactive flowfield (303) and flow out battery; Can see through membrane electrode humidification zone (202) through the entrained steam of the cathode reaction tail gas of membrane electrode reaction zone (203) and be at least a humidification that carries out in cathode reaction gas and the anode reaction gas.
2. according to the described a kind of self-humidifying fuel cell of claim 1; It is characterized in that: described fuel cell membrane electrode (200) comprises humidification zone (202) and reaction zone (203); Reaction zone (203) is at least by anode diffusion layer (211), anode catalyst layer (212), PEM (213), cathode catalysis layer (214), (215) five layers of formation of cathode diffusion layer; Humidification zone (202) is made up of for (217) three layers anode support (216), PEM (213), cathode support layer at least; Be furnished with gas via-hole (204) on the membrane electrode (200), can make cathode reaction gas enter into the anode humidification flow field (102) on the anode flow field board (100) from the cathode gas reactive flowfield (303) on the cathode flow field plate (300).
3. according to the described a kind of self-humidifying fuel cell of claim 1; It is characterized in that: anode humidification flow field (102) on the described anode flow field board (100) and anodic gas reactive flowfield (103) are isolated to avoid anodic gas to mix each other with cathode gas through anode seal (106) each other, and negative electrode humidification flow field (302) on the described cathode flow field plate (300) and cathode gas reactive flowfield (303) are isolated to guarantee that cathode gas flows according to the type of flow of design through negative electrode seal (306) each other.
4. according to the described a kind of self-humidifying fuel cell of claim 3; It is characterized in that: described anode flow field board (100) has anode humidification flow field (102) and anodic gas reactive flowfield (103) towards a side of membrane electrode (200), on membrane electrode one side fuel cell coolant flow field is arranged dorsad.
5. according to the described a kind of self-humidifying fuel cell of claim 3; It is characterized in that: described cathode flow field plate (300) has negative electrode humidification flow field (302) and cathode gas reactive flowfield (303) towards a side of membrane electrode (200), on membrane electrode one side fuel cell coolant flow field is arranged dorsad.
6. according to claim 1 or 3 described a kind of self-humidifying fuel cells; It is characterized in that: described anode flow field board (100) has anode humidification flow field (102) and anodic gas reactive flowfield (103) towards a side of membrane electrode (200); Negative electrode humidification flow field (302) and cathode gas reactive flowfield (303) that a last cell is arranged on membrane electrode one side dorsad, this anode flow field board (100) are again simultaneously as the cathode flow field plate (300) of a last cell.
7. according to claim 1 or 3 described a kind of self-humidifying fuel cells; It is characterized in that: described cathode flow field plate (300) has negative electrode humidification flow field (302) and cathode gas reactive flowfield (303) towards a side of membrane electrode (200); Anode humidification flow field (102) and anodic gas reactive flowfield (103) that next cell is arranged on membrane electrode one side dorsad, this cathode flow field plate (300) are again simultaneously as the anode flow field board (100) of next cell.
8. according to the described a kind of self-humidifying fuel cell of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described anode reaction gas is the mist of hydrogen or hydrogen, and described cathode reaction gas is oxygen or air.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105375048A (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-03-02 | 中国东方电气集团有限公司 | Fuel cell system and power supply method employing same |
| CN105552403A (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-05-04 | 中国东方电气集团有限公司 | Fuel cell system and power supply method using the same |
| CN106532083A (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2017-03-22 | 新源动力股份有限公司 | Fuel cell connection module containing hydrothermal management structural design |
| CN109888337A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2019-06-14 | 清华大学 | Fuel cell is from humidification control method and from humidifier control system |
| CN112290055A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-01-29 | 中国科学技术大学 | Self-humidifying anode fuel circulation system and method of fuel cell system |
| CN112490464A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-03-12 | 无锡威孚高科技集团股份有限公司 | Fuel cell bipolar plate with internal humidification structure and electric pile |
| CN113178592A (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2021-07-27 | 武汉氢能与燃料电池产业技术研究院有限公司 | Proton exchange membrane fuel cell |
| CN113540536A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-10-22 | 苏州中车氢能动力技术有限公司 | Method and device for humidifying galvanic pile and electronic equipment |
| CN114430056A (en) * | 2022-01-20 | 2022-05-03 | 上海恒劲动力科技有限公司 | Humidity control method for proton exchange membrane fuel cell system |
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