CN102798991A - Tunable optical filter irrelevant to polarization state of incident light - Google Patents

Tunable optical filter irrelevant to polarization state of incident light Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102798991A
CN102798991A CN2012103253008A CN201210325300A CN102798991A CN 102798991 A CN102798991 A CN 102798991A CN 2012103253008 A CN2012103253008 A CN 2012103253008A CN 201210325300 A CN201210325300 A CN 201210325300A CN 102798991 A CN102798991 A CN 102798991A
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liquid crystal
filter
optically transparent
transparent material
tunable
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CN102798991B (en
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高培良
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Optoelectronic Technology Co Ltd Tianjin Odd Spectrum
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Optoelectronic Technology Co Ltd Tianjin Odd Spectrum
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Priority to PCT/CN2013/076170 priority patent/WO2014036845A1/en
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/11—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on acousto-optical elements, e.g. using variable diffraction by sound or like mechanical waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/21—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  by interference
    • G02F1/216—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  by interference using liquid crystals, e.g. liquid crystal Fabry-Perot filters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/21—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  by interference
    • G02F1/213—Fabry-Perot type
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2203/00—Function characteristic
    • G02F2203/06—Polarisation independent

Abstract

The invention relates to a tunable optical filter irrelevant to a polarization state of incident light. The tunable optical filter is characterized by comprising a tunable Fabry-Perot filter, a tunable acousto-optic filter, a polarized light synthetizing device and a system control circuit; the incident light firstly penetrates through the tunable Fabry-Perot filter, an output light beam penetrates through the tunable acousto-optic filter, polarization states of two output line polarization light beams are vertical with each other and the line polarization light beams have a certain separated included angle, and the two line polarization light beams are synthetized to a single light beam by the polarized light synthetizing device and then output; and the system control circuit can be respectively connected with the tunable Fabry-Perot filter and the tunable acousto-optic filter to realize a tunable output control function on a laser. The tunable optical filter is reasonable in design, stable and reliable in performance, small size, easy for installation and production, and the like, and can be widely applied to the fields of the lasers, optical test, optical fiber communication, organisms, medical equipment, optical fiber sensor networks, and the like.

Description

A kind of adjustable light wave-filter that has nothing to do with the polarization of incident light attitude
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of photoelectric technology, especially a kind of adjustable light wave-filter that has nothing to do with the polarization of incident light attitude.
Background technology
The traditional optical Fabry-Perot etalon is a kind of filtering device that utilizes the multiple-beam interference principles, mainly contains two types: a kind of is the airspace, and a kind of is the optical glass interval.The multiple-beam interference effect of the high reflectance institute forming method Fabry-Perot-type cavity through multilayer dielectric film on two logical light faces; Can be implemented in the multi-wavelength narrow-band filtering output in the broad spectrum; And have that stable performance, clear aperature are big, the luminous power damage threshold is high, simple in structure and characteristic such as cost is low; Therefore, be widely used in all kinds of laser instruments, optical gauge and the optical-fibre communications device.
Utilize the traditional optical Fabry-Perot etalon can realize the tuber function of transmitted light frequency.For the Fabry-Perot etalon of airspace, can carry out through the incident angle that changes light tuning, but the tuning range of this method is very little; Can adopt also that to change the chamber progress row of Fabry-Perot etalon with mechanical means (like step motor) tuning, this method can realize big tuning range, but tuning precision is low, and high to the accuracy requirement of mechanical part, and stability is bad.In addition, adopt PZT piezoelectric ceramics (lead zirconate titanate) technology long, can improve tuning precision and speed, but be difficult for accomplishing miniaturization, and driving circuit is also complicated through the chamber that changes Fabry-Perot etalon; The temperature that changes etalon also can realize in a big way tuning, and still, the shortcoming of this method is that speed is slow.Simultaneously, the filtering output characteristics of single Fabry-Perot etalon is the multimode output that a light frequency is spaced apart Free Spectral Range.。
Acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF) but be a kind of logical spectral filter of band of solid-state electronic tuning, this type wave filter great majority use anisotropic acoustic optic interaction.The progress of crystal technique and high frequency piezoelectric transducer technology has improved the acousto-optic original paper greatly, makes AOTF technical ripe, has come into industrial application from the laboratory.Anisotropic birefringence acousto-optic (AO) medium is adopted in the enforcement of AOTF usually, and advantages such as high speed tuning capability, the long-time stability that obtain proving and low cost are arranged.
The operation logic of acousto-optic filter is based on a kind of phenomenon that is called Bragg diffraction, and promptly the diffraction direction of light depends on the wavelength of sound wave.With traditional compared with techniques, AOTF provides continuously, regulating power fast, but will realize narrow filtering spectral bandwidth, generally requires the size of acousto-optic crsytal bigger.Acousto-optic filter has two types: conllinear type and non-colinear type, the non-paraxial wave filter of non-colinear type that wherein has the firing frequency frequency can reach the narrow band light frequency tuning, but possibly accomplish the narrow-band filtering function as Fabry-Perot etalon hardly.Therefore, only adopt the tunable laser of acousto-optic filter to be difficult to realize arrowband output.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of prior art, provide that a kind of stability is strong, tuning precision is high, speed is fast, tuning range is wide, the arrowband and have single mode output with the irrelevant adjustable light wave-filter of polarization of incident light attitude.
The present invention solves existing technical matters and takes following technical scheme to realize:
The adjustable light wave-filter that a kind of and polarization of incident light attitude are irrelevant comprises a tunable fabry-perot filter, tunable acousto-optic filter, polarized light synthesizer and system, control circuit; Incident light at first passes through tunable fabry-perot filter; Its output beam is through tunable acousto-optic filter; Two bundle polarization states of its output are each other vertical and have the linearly polarized light beam of certain separation angle, and two bunch light beams are exported after synthesizing single light beam by the polarized light synthesizer; Described system, control circuit is connected with tunable fabry-perot filter, tunable acousto-optic filter respectively and realizes the tunable output control function to laser instrument.
And; The driving circuit of first liquid crystal cell, second liquid crystal cell and the tunable fabry-perot filter that installs successively before and after described tunable fabry-perot filter comprises; Two liquid crystal cells include first optically transparent material, liquid crystal material and second optically transparent material of installing successively together; Second optically transparent material of first liquid crystal cell and first optically transparent material of second liquid crystal cell are installed together; On first optically transparent material of first liquid crystal cell, the high reflectance multilayer dielectric film is set and constitutes first catoptron; On second optically transparent material of second liquid crystal cell, the high reflectance multilayer dielectric film is set and constitutes second catoptron; The optical axis of the liquid crystal material in two liquid crystal cells is vertical each other and be arranged in the Fabry-Perot-type cavity that is made up of first catoptron and second catoptron; The driving circuit of said tunable fabry-perot filter is connected with two liquid crystal cells and realizes the tuber function of wave filter through the effective refractive index of control liquid crystal material, and the driving circuit of this tunable fabry-perot filter is connected with system, control circuit.
And the high reflectance multilayer dielectric film on first optically transparent material of said first liquid crystal cell is arranged on the outside of first optically transparent material, and the inboard of this first optically transparent material is provided with optical anti-reflective film and transparency electrode from inside to outside successively; The outside of second optically transparent material of said first liquid crystal cell is the optical polish face; The inboard of second optically transparent material is provided with optical anti-reflective film, transparency electrode and non-conducting material film from inside to outside successively; This non-conducting material film covers the passage that part and about 1 mm wide except that clear aperature are connected to second optically transparent material chip edge; Be used to unnecessary liquid crystal material an outlet is provided; And constitute a cavity with the inboard of first optically transparent material and be used to be provided with liquid crystal material, this transparency electrode is connected with the driving circuit of tunable fabry-perot filter.
And; High reflectance multilayer dielectric film on first optically transparent material of said first liquid crystal cell is arranged on the inboard of first optically transparent material; Inboard at the high reflectance multilayer dielectric film is provided with transparency electrode, at the arranged outside optical anti-reflective film of first optically transparent material; The outside of second optically transparent material of said first liquid crystal cell is the optical polish face; The inboard of second optically transparent material is provided with optical anti-reflective film, transparency electrode and non-conducting material film from inside to outside successively; This non-conducting material film covers the passage that part and about 1 mm wide except that clear aperature are connected to second optically transparent material chip edge; Be used to unnecessary liquid crystal material an outlet is provided; And constitute a cavity with the inboard of first optically transparent material and be used to be provided with liquid crystal material, this transparency electrode is connected with the driving circuit of tunable fabry-perot filter.
And; High reflectance multilayer dielectric film on second optically transparent material of said second liquid crystal cell is arranged on the outside of second optically transparent material; The inboard of this second optically transparent material is provided with optical anti-reflective film and transparency electrode from inside to outside successively; The outside of first optically transparent material of said second liquid crystal cell is the optical polish face; The inboard of first optically transparent material is provided with optical anti-reflective film, transparency electrode and non-conducting material film from inside to outside successively; This non-conducting material film covers the passage that part and about 1 mm wide except that clear aperature are connected to this optically transparent material chip edge; Be used to unnecessary liquid crystal material an outlet is provided, and constitute a cavity with the inboard of second optically transparent material of second liquid crystal cell and be used to be provided with liquid crystal material, this transparency electrode is connected with the driving circuit of tunable fabry-perot filter.
And; High reflectance multilayer dielectric film on second optically transparent material of said second liquid crystal cell is arranged on the inboard of second optically transparent material; Inboard at the high reflectance multilayer dielectric film is provided with transparency electrode; Arranged outside optical anti-reflective film at second optically transparent material; The outside of first optically transparent material of said second liquid crystal cell is the optical polish face; The inboard of first optically transparent material is provided with optical anti-reflective film, transparency electrode and non-conducting material film from inside to outside successively, and this non-conducting material film covers the passage that part and about 1 mm wide except that clear aperature are connected to this optically transparent material chip edge, is used to unnecessary liquid crystal material an outlet is provided; And constitute a cavity with the inboard of second optically transparent material of second liquid crystal cell and be used to be provided with liquid crystal material, this transparency electrode is connected with the driving circuit of tunable fabry-perot filter.
And; The mounting means of second optically transparent material of described first liquid crystal cell and first optically transparent material of second liquid crystal cell is: use gluing being connected together of optical clear refractive index match, and make win catoptron and the second catoptron keeping parallelism with the forming method Fabry-Perot-type cavity.
And what described liquid crystal material adopted is nematic phase type liquid crystal, and the thickness of this liquid crystal material is several microns to tens microns.
And the driving circuit of described tunable fabry-perot filter is that a kind of frequency is the square-wave pulse circuit from a KHz to several KHzs, and pulse voltage amplitude is adjustable to 5 volts from 0 volt.
And the Free Spectral Range of said tunable fabry-perot filter is greater than the half width of the filtering bandwidth of said tunable acousto-optic filter.
And said tunable acousto-optic filter is a kind of arrowband, non-coaxial birefringence mode acousto-optic filter, and it is each other vertical and form the linearly polarized light of certain included angle that its first-order diffraction is divided into two polarization states with incident light.
And said tunable acousto-optic filter is by the driving circuit drives of tunable acousto-optic filter, and the driving circuit of this tunable acousto-optic filter is connected with system, control circuit; The driving circuit of said tunable acousto-optic filter is frequency and the adjustable power radio-frequency signal generator of a kind of frequency from several megahertzes to the hundreds of megahertz.
And; Said polarized light synthesizer comprises a total reflective mirror and a polarized light compositor, and said total reflective mirror is with one of them linearly polarized light reflection of the orthogonal linearly polarized light of two bundle polarization states of tunable acousto-optic filter output and to equal or to get into said polarized light compositor near 45 degree; Another linearly polarized light of said tunable acousto-optic filter output directly gets into said polarized light compositor with zero degree or near the incident angle of zero degree.
The advantage and the good effect of invention are:
1, the present invention is placed on two the orthogonal nematic phase type of optical axis liquid crystal materials in the chamber of Fabry-Perot etalon and utilizes the electro-optic birefringent effect of liquid crystal and to the optical phase modulation that incident light produces, and is implemented in the broad spectrum light frequency that sees through fabry-perot filter is carried out continuously, fast and fine tune and have nothing to do with the polarization of incident light attitude.Because the thickness of liquid crystal material is extremely thin, wideband adjustable fabry-perot filter that therefore can manufactured size is little, Free Spectral Range is big.Filtering through tunable acousto-optic filter and polarization compositor realize that tunable single mode and arrowband export again by the multimode light wave of tunable fabry-perot filter output, and tuning precision height, characteristics such as speed is fast and tuning range is wide.
2, the present invention is reasonable in design; Have no mechanical moving-member, stable and reliable for performance, size is little, be easy to install and characteristics such as production; Can satisfy for the reliability service that requires under the little and extreme working environment of size, can extensively be used in the fields such as laser instrument, optic test, optical-fibre communications, biology, medicine equipment and Fibre Optical Sensor network.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the synoptic diagram of a common Fabry-Perot etalon;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of first liquid crystal cell;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of second liquid crystal cell;
Fig. 4 is a kind of tunable Fabry-Perot-type Filter Structures synoptic diagram;
Fig. 5 is the change curve of the phase place of light transmission liquid crystal material with extra electric field;
Fig. 6 is the transmitted spectrum synoptic diagram of common Fabry-Perot etalon;
Fig. 7 is the transmitted spectrum synoptic diagram of tunable Fabry-Perot-type wave filter;
Fig. 8 is a kind of synoptic diagram of tunable acousto-optic filter;
Fig. 9 is the synoptic diagram of polarized light compositor;
Figure 10 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the output spectrum synoptic diagram of tunable acousto-optic filter;
Figure 12 is the synthetic output spectrum synoptic diagram of tunable fabry-perot filter and tunable acousto-optic filter;
Figure 13 is an output spectrum synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the embodiment of the invention is done further detailed description.
Fig. 1 has provided a kind of synoptic diagram of common Fabry-Perot (Fabry-Perot) light standard tool 100.The material of this Fabry-Perot light standard tool 100 generally adopts to resemble near infrared and visible light wave range and melts quartz or the such optical glass of BK7, and the refractive index of supposing material is n, and two logical light faces 2 and 4 all plate highly reflecting films; Its reflectivity is R; Thickness is h, and light then has only the 2nh=m of satisfying λ with the incident angle incident near zero degree; Could see through etalon, wherein m be transmitted light the level time.The Free Spectral Range FSR of light standard tool 100 1Can be expressed as: Δ λ=λ 2/ (2nh), or use frequency representation: Δ ν=c/ (2nh), wherein c is the light velocity.The crest frequency of transmitted light can be expressed as: ν=mc/ (2nh), and wherein m is an order of interference, transmission light frequency broadband can be expressed as: Δ ν (FWHM)=c (1-R)/(2nhR 1/2), wherein c is the light velocity.
Can find out the Free Spectral Range FSR of light standard tool 100 from above-mentioned two formula 1With thickness be that h is inversely proportional to.The refractive index of supposing material is n=1.5, realize FSR 1=100GHz, 1 millimeter of thickness h ≈.Free Spectral Range FSR 1Big more, its thickness is just more little.After the material of etalon and thickness were confirmed, the frequency span of transmitted light was main relevant with reflectivity R, and reflectivity is high more, and (finesse) is more little for frequency span or acutance.The characteristics of the transmitted spectrum of Fabry-Perot (Fabry-Perot) light standard tool are that the bandwidth of each transmission spectrum can be accomplished very narrow; The frequency interval of transmitted spectrum equates and the non-constant width of light frequency responsive bandwidth; Generally can cover the optical frequency bands of a spectrum greater than 100 nanometers, the output optical spectrum of light standard tool 100 is as shown in Figure 6.
Because general liquid crystal material as photoelectric device has high resistivity, therefore, can be considered to desirable dielectric substance.Because constitute the orderly orientation of molecule and the form of extension elongation, liquid crystal has anisotropic dielectric characteristic and single shaft symmetry, as a uniaxial crystal, the direction of its optical axis is consistent with the oriented of molecule.When liquid crystal molecule under extraneous effect of electric field, can form electric dipole.Under the formed moment loading of electric dipole, make the orientation of liquid crystal molecule turn to the direction of electric field, can change the direction of the optical axis of liquid crystal through changing the power of electric field.Therefore, can utilize this characteristic of liquid crystal to make optical phase modulator, tunable optic filter or other photoelectric devices are like photoswitch and light intensity modulator etc.The general thickness that is used as the liquid crystal rete of photoelectric device is several microns to tens microns.The present invention utilizes liquid crystal this characteristics design of refractive index generation change to linearly polarized light under electric field action to form just.
Relatedly among the present invention comprise two orthogonal liquid crystal cells of optical axis direction with the irrelevant adjustable light wave-filter of polarization of incident light attitude.
As shown in Figure 2, first liquid crystal cell 200 comprises two kinds of structures.First kind of structure comprises first optically transparent material 8, liquid crystal material 14 and second optically transparent material 22; On first optically transparent material 8 outer surface high reflectance multilayer dielectric film 6 is set; The inboard is provided with optical anti-reflective film 10 and transparency electrode rete 12 from inside to outside respectively; Second optically transparent material 22 outer surface 24 is optical polish faces, and the inboard is provided with optical anti-reflective film 20 from inside to outside respectively, transparency electrode rete 18 and non-conducting material film 16; The thickness of non-conducting material film 16 is several microns to tens microns; Covering other parts and width except that clear aperature is about 1 millimeter the passage that leads to optically transparent material 22 edges, is used to get rid of unnecessary liquid crystal material, and this non-conducting material film 16 and first optically transparent material 8 constitute a cavity and be used to be provided with liquid crystal material 14; What liquid crystal material 14 adopted is nematic phase type liquid crystal, and the thickness of this liquid crystal material is about tens microns in several microns roads.The second kind of structure of liquid crystal cell 200 and the difference of first kind of structure are on said first optically transparent material 8 outer surface optical anti-reflective film 6 to be set; The inboard is provided with high reflectance multilayer dielectric film 10 and transparency electrode rete 12 from inside to outside respectively; Other settings are identical with first kind of structure of liquid crystal cell 200, its objective is the thickness that changes Fabry-Perot-type cavity.
As shown in Figure 3, second liquid crystal cell 300 comprises two kinds of structures.First kind of structure comprises first optically transparent material 28, liquid crystal material 36, second optically transparent material 42; Second optically transparent material 42 outer surface 26 is provided with high reflectance multilayer dielectric film 44; The inboard is provided with optical anti-reflective film 40 from inside to outside respectively, and 32, the first optically transparent materials of transparency electrode rete, 28 outer surfaces 26 are optical polish faces; The inboard is provided with optical anti-reflective film 30 from inside to outside respectively; Transparency electrode rete 32 and non-conducting material film 34, the thickness of non-conducting material film 34 is several microns to tens microns, other parts and a width of covering except that clear aperature are about 1 millimeter the passage that leads to optically transparent material 28 edges; Be used to get rid of unnecessary liquid crystal material, non-conducting material film 34 and second optically transparent material 42 constitute a cavity and are used to be provided with liquid crystal material 36.General available epoxy or ultraviolet optical cement etc. are bonded together the part beyond the liquid crystal chamber of two sheet material in above-mentioned formation liquid crystal chamber, and what liquid crystal material 36 adopted is nematic phase type liquid crystal, and the thickness of this liquid crystal material is about tens microns in several microns roads.The second kind of structure of liquid crystal cell 300 and the difference of first kind of structure are on second optically transparent material 42 outer surface optical anti-reflective film 44 to be set; The inboard is provided with high reflectance multilayer dielectric film 40 and transparency electrode rete 38 from inside to outside respectively; Other settings are identical with first kind of structure of liquid crystal cell 300, its objective is the thickness that changes Fabry-Perot-type cavity.
Fig. 4 has provided a kind of and tunable Fabry-Perot-type Filter Structures synoptic diagram polarization irrelevant.This tunable fabry-perot filtering 400 comprises the driving circuit 52 of first liquid crystal cell 200, second liquid crystal cell 300 and tunable fabry-perot filtering.The outside of the outside of second optically transparent material of liquid crystal cell 200 and first optically transparent material of liquid crystal cell 300 is bonded together with optical clear refractive index match glue 50 and the face that makes second optically transparent material of first optically transparent material and liquid crystal cell 300 of liquid crystal cell 200 be provided with the high reflectance deielectric-coating keeps parallel and forms humorous Fabry-Perot-type cavity.Driving circuit 52 is connected with the transparency electrode of liquid crystal cell 200 with liquid crystal cell 300, and the drive signal that is produced by driving circuit 52 forms driving electric field between two transparency electrode retes; Utilize electric field to change the brilliant effective refractive index n of Fabry-Perot (Fabry-Perot) intraluminal fluid, regulate the light frequency ν and the Free Spectral Range (FSR) of the transmitted light of fabry-perot filter.Common driving electric field is that voltage is several volts, and frequency is the square-wave signal of 1 KHz to several KHzs.
Because therefore the thickness very little (several microns to tens microns) of liquid crystal, can make the tunable fabry-perot filter of intrinsic Free Spectral Range (i.e. the Free Spectral Range of the tunable optic filter when no extra electric field).Because the optical axis of liquid crystal is vertical each other in first liquid crystal cell 200 and second liquid crystal cell 300, therefore, wave filter 400 has nothing to do with the polarization of incident light attitude.
In Fig. 4; The light beam 48 that incides wave filter 400 is a branch of collimated light beams; The refractive index of supposing light transparent materials is n, and the reflectivity that plates high reflecting medium film on first optically transparent material of first liquid crystal cell 200 and on second optically transparent material of second liquid crystal cell 300 is R, and the length of Fabry-Perot-type cavity is D; Then have only the light that satisfies 2nD+ Γ=m λ could see through etalon, wherein m be transmitted light the level time.The Free Spectral Range FSR of wave filter 400 2Be respectively with the transmitted light frequency: Δ λ=λ 2/ (2nD+ Γ), or use frequency representation: Δ ν=c/ (2nD+ Γ), wherein c is the light velocity, the Γ representative changes light path to incident light produced by refraction by liquid crystal under the extra electric field effect.The crest frequency of transmitted light can be expressed as: ν=mc/ (2nD+ Γ), and wherein m is an order of interference, transmission light frequency broadband can be expressed as: Δ ν (FWHM)=c (1-R)/((2nD+ Γ) R 1/2), wherein c is the light velocity.Utilize the combination of two kinds of various structure of first liquid crystal cell 200 and second liquid crystal cell 300 can increase or reduce the length D of Fabry-Perot-type cavity, thereby regulate the Free Spectral Range FSR of wave filter 400 2
Fig. 5 has provided a thickness and has been about 10 microns nematic phase type liquid crystal under the driving of 2KHz square-wave voltage, to optical wavelength be 1550 nanometer phase of light wave change concern synoptic diagram.The maximum light phase of about 2 π of can realizing postpones.Through experiment and analysis, tunable fabry-perot filter 400 can obtain about 1.5 times FSR for the collimated light near zero degree incident 2The tuning range of transmitted light frequency, and the change in the frequency band broadband of Free Spectral Range Δ ν and transmitted light is much smaller.The spectrum synoptic diagram of the transmitted light 54 of tunable fabry-perot filter is as shown in Figure 7.
This shows that tunable fabry-perot filter 400 can be realized transmitted light crest frequency tuning in a big way and do not change the frequency span and the Free Spectral Range of transmitted light basically under the effect of extra electric field.This characteristic is for in tunable fabry-perot filter 400 many application, and is significant like laser instrument and frequency spectrum instrument etc.
Fig. 8 has provided a kind of synoptic diagram of tunable acousto-optic filter.These acousto-optic filter 500 general media that adopt are anisotropy and birefringent characteristic are arranged.Wherein a kind of material tellurium dioxide (TeO2) has characteristics such as high optical homogeneity, low light absorption degree and anti-high luminous power ability when operating in shear mode owing to it, is widely used in this type application.Other materials for example lithium niobate (LiNbO3), gallium phosphide (GaP) and lead molybdate (PbMoO4) also in being usually used in various acousto-optical devices.Influence selects the individually defined thing qualitative factor to have a lot; Just list out several kinds below; As: type and demand that whether the type of acousto-optical device, high quality crystal obtain easily and use, for example size of the dispersion degree of diffraction efficiency power attenuation, incident light and diffraction light and integral device etc.
Tunable acousto-optic filter 500 is a kind of birefringent characteristics that have, non-colinear and non-paraxial type acousto-optic filter.Comprise the acousto-optic crsytal 57 and transducer 58 that adopt tellurium dioxide, directly drive transducer 58 by the driving circuit 60 of tunable acousto-optic filter and in crystal 57, produce acoustic wavefield 59 and form diffraction grating.A branch of collimated light beam 56 get into crystal 5s 7 and with 59 one-tenth Bragg angle θ of acoustic wavefield B, behind the tunable acousto-optic filter of diffraction, first-order diffraction light is divided into two bunch polarized lights, S light 62 and P light 64 and 66. liang of bunch polarized lights 62 of Zero-order diffractive light beam with 64 and the angle of Zero-order diffractive light beam formation equal Bragg angle θ BThe cutting of acousto-optic crsytal 57 makes the plane of incidence 55 become vertical or subvertical angle with incident light with exit facet 61.In order to reduce the loss of light, the plane of incidence 55 and exit facet 61 be the light-plated anti-reflection film all.The characteristics of the filtering spectrum of tunable acousto-optic filter 500 are in a wide band scope, to realize the continuously adjustable of light frequency, and are shown in figure 10.The bandwidth deltaf ν of filtering spectrum, half width (FWHM) Δ ν 1/2, frequency spectrum such as resolution and diffraction efficiency depends on the influence of factor such as structure and radio-frequency driven power of size, the transducer of acousto-optic crsytal.As to realize narrow-band filtering spectrum and high diffraction filtration efficiency, need to strengthen the size of transducer and acousto-optic crsytal.
Fig. 9 has provided a kind of synoptic diagram of polarized light compositor.This polarization compositor 70 is made up of two angled birefringece crystal prisms of optical axis.Linearly polarized light P light 68 gets into and directly sees through polarization compositor 70 with zero degree, linearly polarized light S light 72 gets into polarization compositor 70 and is merged into a branch of light 74 with reflection back, right angle with the P light that sees through polarization compositor 70 by polarization compositor 70 perpendicular to P light 68.
Figure 10 has provided structural representation of the present invention, below in conjunction with Figure 10 technical scheme of the present invention is described.
The irrelevant adjustable light wave-filter of a kind of and polarization of incident light comprises the tunable acousto-optic filter of a tunable fabry-perot filter 400,500, polarized light synthesizer 70, a total reflective mirror 84 and a driving control system, and this system comprises the driving circuit 52 of tunable fabry-perot filter 400, the driving circuit 60 and the system, control circuit 94 of tunable acousto-optic filter 500.A branch of collimated light beam 76 goes into to inject tunable fabry-perot filter 400, and the spectrum of transmitted light 78 is as shown in Figure 7, and the tunable range of the crest frequency of transmitted light is about 1.5 times FSR 2, in tunable scope and in the spectral range of about 100 nanometers, the Free Spectral Range of tunable fabry-perot filter 400 remains unchanged basically.After transmitted light 78 sees through tunable acousto-optic filter 500; Separate the two bundle orthogonal light beams 80 of polarization state and 82, as the transmission bandwidth Δ ν of tunable acousto-optic filter 500 intrinsic Free Spectral Range FSR less than 2 times tunable fabry-perot filter 400 2, transmitted light 80 and 82 all is a branch of single-mode beams.If consider tunable fabry-perot filter 400 transmitted light frequency spectrum degree Δ ν the time (with reference to Figure 12), realize that single mode output or high transmission plain edge touch rejection ratio, the transmission bandwidth Δ ν of tuning acousto-optic filter 500 also needs narrower.Suppose that transmitted light 80 becomes angle α with 82 respectively with the incident light optical axis; The setting of polarization compositor 70 just in time makes P light beam 82 directly to see through; And S light 80 needs through catoptron 84 reflections; And to get into polarization compositor 70 perpendicular to the angle of light beam 82, it is synthetic in order to realize such light beam that be reflected back and light beam 82 are merged into a branch of light 88., and the setting of catoptron 84 should make the incident angle β=45 °-α of incident light 80.
Can find out through above explanation, the present invention can be implemented in single mode in the wide spectral range, continuously, arrowband and quick tuning output, its spectral characteristic is identical, shown in figure 13 with the spectral characteristic of a transmission mould of tunable fabry-perot filter 400.What need proposition is that the definition of the spectrum width Δ ν of the transmitted light of tunable fabry-perot filter 400 and tunable acousto-optic filter 500 is to confirm according to the needs of in the practical application rejection ratio being touched on the noise or the limit of spectrum.
It is emphasized that above-mentioned explanation only plays demonstration and description, is not an explanation in detail exhaustively, and also intention does not limit the present invention on the described concrete form.Through top description, all possibly occur many changes of the present invention and variation.Selected practical implementation only is in order better to explain the application in principle of the present invention and the reality.This explanation can make the people who is familiar with this field can better utilization the present invention, designs different practical implementations according to actual needs and changes accordingly.

Claims (13)

  1. One kind with the irrelevant adjustable light wave-filter of polarization of incident light attitude, it is characterized in that: comprise a tunable fabry-perot filter, tunable acousto-optic filter, polarized light synthesizer and system, control circuit; Incident light at first passes through tunable fabry-perot filter; Its output beam is through tunable acousto-optic filter; Two bundle polarization states of its output are each other vertical and have the linearly polarized light beam of certain separation angle, and two bunch light beams are exported after synthesizing single light beam by the polarized light synthesizer; Described system, control circuit is connected with tunable fabry-perot filter, tunable acousto-optic filter respectively and realizes the tunable output control function to laser instrument.
  2. 2. a kind of adjustable light wave-filter that has nothing to do with the polarization of incident light attitude according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the driving circuit of first liquid crystal cell, second liquid crystal cell and the tunable fabry-perot filter that installs successively before and after described tunable fabry-perot filter comprises; Two liquid crystal cells include first optically transparent material, liquid crystal material and second optically transparent material of installing successively together; Second optically transparent material of first liquid crystal cell and first optically transparent material of second liquid crystal cell are installed together; On first optically transparent material of first liquid crystal cell, the high reflectance multilayer dielectric film is set and constitutes first catoptron; On second optically transparent material of second liquid crystal cell, the high reflectance multilayer dielectric film is set and constitutes second catoptron; The optical axis of the liquid crystal material in two liquid crystal cells is vertical each other and be arranged in the Fabry-Perot-type cavity that is made up of first catoptron and second catoptron; The driving circuit of said tunable fabry-perot filter is connected with two liquid crystal cells and realizes the tuber function of wave filter through the effective refractive index of control liquid crystal material, and the driving circuit of this tunable fabry-perot filter is connected with system, control circuit.
  3. 3. a kind of adjustable light wave-filter that has nothing to do with the polarization of incident light attitude according to claim 2; It is characterized in that: the high reflectance multilayer dielectric film on first optically transparent material of said first liquid crystal cell is arranged on the outside of first optically transparent material, and the inboard of this first optically transparent material is provided with optical anti-reflective film and transparency electrode from inside to outside successively; The outside of second optically transparent material of said first liquid crystal cell is the optical polish face; The inboard of second optically transparent material is provided with optical anti-reflective film, transparency electrode and non-conducting material film from inside to outside successively; This non-conducting material film covers the passage that part and about 1 mm wide except that clear aperature are connected to second optically transparent material chip edge; Be used to unnecessary liquid crystal material an outlet is provided; And constitute a cavity with the inboard of first optically transparent material and be used to be provided with liquid crystal material, this transparency electrode is connected with the driving circuit of tunable fabry-perot filter.
  4. 4. a kind of adjustable light wave-filter that has nothing to do with the polarization of incident light attitude according to claim 2; It is characterized in that: the high reflectance multilayer dielectric film on first optically transparent material of said first liquid crystal cell is arranged on the inboard of first optically transparent material; Inboard at the high reflectance multilayer dielectric film is provided with transparency electrode, at the arranged outside optical anti-reflective film of first optically transparent material; The outside of second optically transparent material of said first liquid crystal cell is the optical polish face; The inboard of second optically transparent material is provided with optical anti-reflective film, transparency electrode and non-conducting material film from inside to outside successively; This non-conducting material film covers the passage that part and about 1 mm wide except that clear aperature are connected to second optically transparent material chip edge; Be used to unnecessary liquid crystal material an outlet is provided; And constitute a cavity with the inboard of first optically transparent material and be used to be provided with liquid crystal material, this transparency electrode is connected with the driving circuit of tunable fabry-perot filter.
  5. 5. a kind of adjustable light wave-filter that has nothing to do with the polarization of incident light attitude according to claim 2; It is characterized in that: the high reflectance multilayer dielectric film on second optically transparent material of said second liquid crystal cell is arranged on the outside of second optically transparent material; The inboard of this second optically transparent material is provided with optical anti-reflective film and transparency electrode from inside to outside successively; The outside of first optically transparent material of said second liquid crystal cell is the optical polish face; The inboard of first optically transparent material is provided with optical anti-reflective film, transparency electrode and non-conducting material film from inside to outside successively; This non-conducting material film covers the passage that part and about 1 mm wide except that clear aperature are connected to this optically transparent material chip edge; Be used to unnecessary liquid crystal material an outlet is provided, and constitute a cavity with the inboard of second optically transparent material of second liquid crystal cell and be used to be provided with liquid crystal material, this transparency electrode is connected with the driving circuit of tunable fabry-perot filter.
  6. 6. a kind of adjustable light wave-filter that has nothing to do with the polarization of incident light attitude according to claim 2; It is characterized in that: the high reflectance multilayer dielectric film on second optically transparent material of said second liquid crystal cell is arranged on the inboard of second optically transparent material; Inboard at the high reflectance multilayer dielectric film is provided with transparency electrode; Arranged outside optical anti-reflective film at second optically transparent material; The outside of first optically transparent material of said second liquid crystal cell is the optical polish face; The inboard of first optically transparent material is provided with optical anti-reflective film, transparency electrode and non-conducting material film from inside to outside successively; This non-conducting material film covers the passage that part and about 1 mm wide except that clear aperature are connected to this optically transparent material chip edge; Be used to unnecessary liquid crystal material an outlet is provided, and constitute a cavity with the inboard of second optically transparent material of second liquid crystal cell and be used to be provided with liquid crystal material, this transparency electrode is connected with the driving circuit of tunable fabry-perot filter.
  7. 7. a kind of adjustable light wave-filter that has nothing to do with the polarization of incident light attitude according to claim 2; It is characterized in that: the mounting means of second optically transparent material of described first liquid crystal cell and first optically transparent material of second liquid crystal cell is: use gluing being connected together of optical clear refractive index match, and make win catoptron and the second catoptron keeping parallelism with the forming method Fabry-Perot-type cavity.
  8. 8. a kind of adjustable light wave-filter that has nothing to do with the polarization of incident light attitude according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: what described liquid crystal material adopted is nematic phase type liquid crystal, and the thickness of this liquid crystal material is several microns to tens microns.
  9. 9. a kind of adjustable light wave-filter that has nothing to do with the polarization of incident light attitude according to claim 2; It is characterized in that: the driving circuit of described tunable fabry-perot filter is that a kind of frequency is the square-wave pulse circuit from a KHz to several KHzs, and pulse voltage amplitude is adjustable to 5 volts from 0 volt.
  10. 10. a kind of adjustable light wave-filter that has nothing to do with the polarization of incident light attitude according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the Free Spectral Range of said tunable fabry-perot filter is greater than the half width of the filtering bandwidth of said tunable acousto-optic filter.
  11. 11. a kind of adjustable light wave-filter that has nothing to do with the polarization of incident light attitude according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said tunable acousto-optic filter is a kind of arrowband, non-coaxial birefringence mode acousto-optic filter, and it is each other vertical and form the linearly polarized light of certain included angle that its first-order diffraction is divided into two polarization states with incident light.
  12. 12. according to claim 1 or 11 described a kind of adjustable light wave-filters that have nothing to do with the polarization of incident light attitude; It is characterized in that: said tunable acousto-optic filter is by the driving circuit drives of tunable acousto-optic filter, and the driving circuit of this tunable acousto-optic filter is connected with system, control circuit; The driving circuit of said tunable acousto-optic filter is frequency and the adjustable power radio-frequency signal generator of a kind of frequency from several megahertzes to the hundreds of megahertz.
  13. 13. a kind of adjustable light wave-filter that has nothing to do with the polarization of incident light attitude according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said polarized light synthesizer comprises a total reflective mirror and a polarized light compositor, and said total reflective mirror is with one of them linearly polarized light reflection of the orthogonal linearly polarized light of two bundle polarization states of tunable acousto-optic filter output and to equal or to get into said polarized light compositor near 45 degree; Another linearly polarized light of said tunable acousto-optic filter output directly gets into said polarized light compositor with zero degree or near the incident angle of zero degree.
CN201210325300.8A 2012-09-05 2012-09-05 Tunable optical filter irrelevant to polarization state of incident light Expired - Fee Related CN102798991B (en)

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WO2014036844A1 (en) * 2012-09-05 2014-03-13 天津奇谱光电技术有限公司 Polarization-irrelevant tunable fabry-perot filter
WO2014036845A1 (en) * 2012-09-05 2014-03-13 天津奇谱光电技术有限公司 Tunable optical filter irrelevant to polarization state of incident light
CN105092015A (en) * 2015-05-18 2015-11-25 清华大学 Non-contact fiber vibration sensing system and method
CN111221158A (en) * 2020-02-10 2020-06-02 浙江大学 Electrically tunable optical filter insensitive to polarization state of incident light

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WO2014036845A1 (en) * 2012-09-05 2014-03-13 天津奇谱光电技术有限公司 Tunable optical filter irrelevant to polarization state of incident light
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CN111221158A (en) * 2020-02-10 2020-06-02 浙江大学 Electrically tunable optical filter insensitive to polarization state of incident light

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