CN102797496A - 煤矿巷道矸石转载、支护一体机 - Google Patents

煤矿巷道矸石转载、支护一体机 Download PDF

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CN102797496A
CN102797496A CN2012102830474A CN201210283047A CN102797496A CN 102797496 A CN102797496 A CN 102797496A CN 2012102830474 A CN2012102830474 A CN 2012102830474A CN 201210283047 A CN201210283047 A CN 201210283047A CN 102797496 A CN102797496 A CN 102797496A
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coal mine
tunnel
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CN102797496B (zh
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张振营
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Shandong Zeming Intelligent Equipment Co ltd
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Abstract

“煤矿巷道矸石转载、支护一体机”是一种煤矿炮掘巷道的施工设备,该设备重点优化了装矸及支护工艺的实施。 在巷道掘进施工中装岩、运输、排矸是掘进工作中占循环时间最长的工序。要实现巷道的快速高效掘进,表现十分突出的就是掘进工作面的矸石堆积、排矸不及、临时支护固定困难等。为有效解决上述问题,本发明提供一种能够利用爆破能及时将矸石转载,同时又能为支护作业提供平台的——“煤矿巷道矸石转载、支护一体机”。该发明是在充分分析煤矿掘进爆破作业特点设计而成的。该设备采用散热性能优异的铝青铜板、液压油缸等组合加工而成。本机全系统采用液压系统提供动力,动力输出稳定可适用于相对复杂的地质环境。

Description

煤矿巷道矸石转载、支护一体机
技术领域
本发明涉及煤矿巷道掘进的施工设备,尤其涉及炮掘巷道的装矸及巷道支护工序的进行。
背景技术
在采煤机械化技术日趋成熟,而掘进工序相对复杂、机械化程度仍然较低的客观情况下,掘进工的劳动强度大、劳动效率低、收入水平低、危险系数高。最终,导致掘进用工紧张、效率低下,采煤快于掘进、接替紧张的被动局面。巷道掘进是一个多工序交替过程,主要由破岩、装运和支护三大工序组成。目前,破岩方式一般分为人工挖掘、爆破、机械等;装运主要是使用耙矸机、综掘机和铲车等配合矿车、梭车以及链板机(皮带)等多设备混合排矸;支护主要分为临时支护和永久支护,具体表现形式是架棚、锚杆及锚喷支护等。在巷道掘进施工中装岩、运输、排矸是掘进工作中劳动量最大,占循环时间最长(达35%~50%)的工序。掘进装岩运输综合排矸能力的优化,对快速掘进有十分重要的意义。科技迅猛发展令各类新型巷道掘进设备、技术不断涌现,并稳步提升了掘进速度,然而现有的掘进设备适应能力差、性能欠缺、故障率高、维护费用高,且自动化应用程度有限,对煤矿巷道生产掘进速度形成了不良影响。要实现巷道的快速高效掘进,表现十分突出的就是掘进工作面的矸石堆积严重、排矸及验炮工作不能及时进行;临时支护较为笨重、繁琐,固定困难、使用不方便,而且巷道净高超过2.2米后支护作业进行时人员须站在梯子或假平台上施工较为困难。排矸与支护作业不能平行进行、大断面巷道支护困难,严重制约着矿井采掘设备的更新与发展、严重制约着的安全高效矿井的建设。
发明内容
为了有效解决上述生产过程中的问题,本发明提供一种能够利用爆破能及时将矸石转载,同时又能为支护作业提供平台的——“煤矿巷道矸石转载、支护一体机”。本发明是在充分分析煤矿掘进工作面钻眼、微差、台阶爆破法以及井巷掘进爆破作业只有一个狭小的自由面,四面岩体的夹制性很强,一次性起爆药量受到较大的限制,台阶自由面条件等因素的影响,利用微差爆破在碰撞破碎过程中,煤(岩)中的动能降低,导致抛距减小,形成相对集中的爆堆,而且爆堆剖面轮廓线具有Weibull分布函数曲线特征这一特点设计而成的。“煤矿巷道矸石转载、支护一体机”采用散热性能优异的铝青铜板、液压油缸等加工而成,主要由行走部、支撑承载部、稳固部、辅助装载部、转载限位部、前探支护部、液压系统等部件组成。本发明能够实现煤矿掘进巷道的快速装矸、及时支护,最大限度的减少爆破轮廓的裸露时间,提高工作效率。本机全系统采用液压系统提供动力,动力输出稳定可适用于相对复杂的地质环境。本设备的研制成功,必将减少掘进用工、提高掘进效率,为掘进作业提供远程操作平台,具有较为突出的社会效益和经济效益。
附图说明
图1是“煤矿巷道矸石转载、支护一体机”的总构造示意图:
①、行走部,②、支撑承载部,③、稳固部,④、辅助装载部,⑤、转载限位部,⑥、前探支护部;
图2是“煤矿巷道矸石转载、支护一体机”的装载、支护示意图;
图3是“煤矿巷道矸石转载、支护一体机”的转运示意图;
图4是“煤矿巷道矸石转载、支护一体机”的卸载示意图;
具体实施方式
在煤矿巷道掘进过程中使用凿岩台车或多部钻具,严格按照台阶炮孔爆破图表进行打眼,装药后将“煤矿巷道矸石转载、支护一体机”开至迎头并进行稳固(必要时需对稳固单体进行必要的保护,如图2),然后展开转载限位部、进行爆破作业,经初步安全确认后上掩护梁收转载限位部进行永久支护,然后收稳固部进行转运卸载工作(如图3),同时巷道掘进工作面进行打眼、准备下一循环。举例:煤矿巷道矸石转载、支护一体机”的加工设计可根据巷道断面、坡度等客观条件进行单独定做,现以长3米、宽1.5米规格校算其使用效果和设备适应能力(该规格设备运输方便,可不解体进入大部分矿井的掘进工作面)。一、“煤矿巷道矸石转载、支护一体机”自身的重量:
V 铝铜板 =3×1.5×0.05=0.225m 3 ,m 铝铜板 =0.225×8.9×10 3 =2.0025×10 3 kg,G 铝铜板 =19.6245KN
 二、以常见的岩巷3.0×3.0断面计算岩体重量:(每次循环进度0.8米)
 V =9.621×0.8=7.697m 3 ,m =20.397×10 3 kg,G =199.886KN
三、以常见的煤巷3.8×2.6断面计算煤体重量:(每次循环进度0.9米)
 V =11.4×0.9=10.26m 3 ,m =14.364×10 3 kg,G =140.7672KN
 四、体积及重量均取最大值校算
 V 最大 =V =10.26m 3 ,G 最大 = G 铝铜板 +G =19.6245+199.886=219.5105KN≈220KN
 V =(3+1 增长 )×(1.5+1.5 增宽 )×0.855=10.26m 3 ;
G 承载 = G 最大 ×K=220×2=440KN    G 每根承载 = G 承载 ÷8=440÷8=55KN
G 30 =55÷COS30°=63.5KN
说明:1 增长 为辅助装载部增长估值,1.5 增宽 为转载限位部增宽,0.855为装载高度均值,K为所取的安全系数;
五、“煤矿巷道矸石转载、支护一体机”加工、使用等情况说明
1、主要采用铝青铜板、液压油缸、韧性皮带等,转载限位部由韧性皮带加工;
2、选用支撑力在65KN以上的优质液压油缸,每次爆破时使用稳固部承载重量、严禁液压油缸受力;
3、装载高度控制在0.9m,转运时严禁人员站在“煤矿巷道矸石转载、支护一体机”周围,确保安全;
4、根据以上计算及履带机的爬坡情况,“煤矿巷道矸石转载、支护一体机”可应用于坡度为±30°的巷道掘进;
5、“煤矿巷道矸石转载、支护一体机”与综掘机相比更加适用于硬岩、小断面、坡度变化大、拐弯多等复杂条件下的巷道掘进施工;
6、卸载场应根据排矸条件及巷道情况现场选定,“煤矿巷道矸石转载、支护一体机”须稳固牢靠、人员站位安全,必要时辅助人工卸载。

Claims (1)

1.一种煤矿巷道掘进所使用的装载、支护设备,包括行走部(1),支撑部(2),稳固部(3),辅助装载部(4),转载限位部(5),前探支护部(6)构成,全构件均由液压系统供能。
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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2229779A1 (de) * 1972-06-19 1974-01-10 Rheinstahl Ag Schildausbau
DE3808731A1 (de) * 1988-03-16 1989-10-26 Gutehoffnungshuette Man Verfahren zum abtransport von in untertaegigem langfrontabbau abgebautem mineralhaltigen gestein und transportgeraete zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
CN201206468Y (zh) * 2008-01-05 2009-03-11 李君� 带安全支护装置的双钩杠杆式掘进机
CN201513191U (zh) * 2009-09-14 2010-06-23 包新 巷道临时支护自移式液压支架
CN201794609U (zh) * 2010-09-29 2011-04-13 常州科林矿山机械有限公司 高突矿井煤巷钻装支一体机
CN202883003U (zh) * 2012-08-10 2013-04-17 张振营 煤矿巷道矸石转载、支护一体机

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2229779A1 (de) * 1972-06-19 1974-01-10 Rheinstahl Ag Schildausbau
DE3808731A1 (de) * 1988-03-16 1989-10-26 Gutehoffnungshuette Man Verfahren zum abtransport von in untertaegigem langfrontabbau abgebautem mineralhaltigen gestein und transportgeraete zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
CN201206468Y (zh) * 2008-01-05 2009-03-11 李君� 带安全支护装置的双钩杠杆式掘进机
CN201513191U (zh) * 2009-09-14 2010-06-23 包新 巷道临时支护自移式液压支架
CN201794609U (zh) * 2010-09-29 2011-04-13 常州科林矿山机械有限公司 高突矿井煤巷钻装支一体机
CN202883003U (zh) * 2012-08-10 2013-04-17 张振营 煤矿巷道矸石转载、支护一体机

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