CN102794560B - Joining method and method for manufacturing joined structure - Google Patents
Joining method and method for manufacturing joined structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN102794560B CN102794560B CN201210284987.5A CN201210284987A CN102794560B CN 102794560 B CN102794560 B CN 102794560B CN 201210284987 A CN201210284987 A CN 201210284987A CN 102794560 B CN102794560 B CN 102794560B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/123—Controlling or monitoring the welding process
- B23K20/124—Controlling or monitoring the welding process at the beginning or at the end of a weld
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/128—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding making use of additional material
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Abstract
A joining method of performing friction stirring by moving a rotating tool relative to a metal member (1) to be joined formed by butting a first metal member (1a) and a second metal member (1b), the joining method comprising: a first primary joining step of friction stirring the butted portion (J1) of the first metal member (1a) and the second metal member (1b) from the surface (A) of the joined metal members (1); a second primary welding step of friction stirring the butt joint portion (J1) from the back surface (B) of the metal members (1) to be welded; a groove forming step of forming a groove (K) along a butt joint portion (J1) between a first side surface (C) and a second side surface (D) of a metal member (1) to be joined; a joint member arrangement step of arranging a joint member (U) in the groove (K); and a joint member joining step of friction-stirring the butted portion between the groove (K) and the joint member (U).
Description
Patent application of the present invention is that international application no is PCT/JP2008/062342, international filing date is on July 8th, 2008, the application number that enters the China national stage is 200880101333.6, and denomination of invention is the divisional application of the application for a patent for invention of " manufacture method of joint method and joined structure ".
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of joint method of hardware and manufacture method of joined structure of utilizing friction to stir.
Background technology
The method that hardware is engaged with each other is known that friction stirring engages (FSW=Friction Stir Welding).Friction is stirred and is engaged by making throw rotation and moving along hardware docking section each other, utilizes the frictional heat of throw and hardware to make the metal of docking section do plastification mobile, thereby makes hardware do each other solidstate bonding.In addition, throw is generally on the lower surface of cylindrical shoulder, to project stirring sell (probe) and form.
At this, Figure 33 represents the hardware of pair of plates shape to rub and stir the stereogram of the existing joint method engaging.As shown in figure 33, the stirring pin of the not shown throw of the Thickness Ratio of hardware 101,101 that engages in wish is also long, sometimes after the stirring that rub from surface 102 sides of hardware 101, also from the stirring that rubs of the back side 103 sides.
; in above-mentioned joint method; stirrings that rub along the docking section 104 (two point slip) of hardware 101,101 from the both sides at surface 102 and the back side 103, so that the middle body of the thickness direction in the plastification region 105,106 that friction stirring forms contacts and engages.By this, in docking section 104, can reach gapless engages.This kind of joint method is disclosed in document 1.
In addition, Figure 34 is the cutaway view that uses the existing joint method of joint member.As shown in figure 34, in the length of the stirring pin with respect to throw, in the larger situation of the thickness of hardware, between the pair of metal member of stage portion with different-thickness, it is known utilizing joint member to carry out the joint method that interim friction stirs.That is, use the hardware of above-mentioned joint method, be formed with the stage portion 122,122 also less than the thickness of body 121 in the edge of the body 121,121 of the first hardware 120a and the second hardware 120b.
Then, this existing joint method comprises: the docking operation that the stage portion 122,122 of the first hardware 120a and the second hardware 120b is docked each other; To stage portion 122, the 122 docking section Jd each other stage portion friction agitating procedure stirring that rubs; Joint member U is disposed to the joint member arrangement step of the recess 123 forming in docking operation; The docking section Jb of docking section Ja to the first hardware 120a and joint member U and the second hardware 120b and joint member U rub stir friction agitating procedure.By this joint method, even if the member large to the thickness of hardware also can carry out hardware gapless joint each other.This joint method is recorded in document 2.
Document 1: Japanese Patent Laid-Open 2005-131666 communique (with reference to Fig. 7)
Document 2: Japanese Patent Laid-Open 2004-358535 communique (paragraph 0019, with reference to Fig. 2)
Disclosure of an invention
Invent technical problem to be solved
At this, Figure 35 represents the large hardware of a pair of thickness to rub and stir the stereogram of the joint method engaging.As shown in figure 35, the thickness of metal 111,111 that engages in wish is larger, even from surface 102 and the back side 103 stirring that rubs, also may be in docking section 104 central portion of (two point slip) produce not junction surface.; in the length of the stirring pin of the throw with respect to not shown; in the very large situation of thickness of hardware 111; even from the surface 102 of hardware 111 and the back side 103 stirring that rubs; because the middle body of the thickness direction that can not make plastification region 105,106 contacts, can produce gap (not junction surface) 119 at the central portion of docking section 104.So, in the time that the side 107 from a side to the side 108 of opposite side produces continuous gap 119, have the problem that watertightness between side 107 and side 108 and air-tightness reduce.
At this, if make the length of the stirring pin of throw become large corresponding to the thickness of hardware 111, by from surface 102 and the back side 103 stirring that rub, can make hardware 111 joint seamlessly each other.But, there is following problem in throw: owing to making to stir, pin is buried in hardware 111 and move on High Rotation Speed limit, limit, therefore in the time that the length of stirring pin becomes large, act on the drive unit of friction agitating device and stir the load increase of selling, thereby cause the lifetime of device.
In addition,, as shown in Figure 33 and Figure 35, in plastification region 105,106, may produce continuous cavity blemish 109 in the side 108 from the side of a side 107 to opposite side.Above-mentioned cavity blemish 109 is to make one of reason that watertightness between side 107 and the side 108 of hardware 101,111 and air-tightness reduce.
On the other hand, as shown in figure 34, if use joint member U, even in the case of the thickness of hardware 120a, 120b is large, stir and can guarantee watertightness and air-tightness by periodically rubbing, but along with the thickness of hardware 120a, 120b becomes large, exist owing to increasing and be located at the stage portion of hardware 120a, 120b and joint member and make to engage operation and become numerous and diverse problem.
From this viewpoint, the invention provides a kind ofly in easily carrying out operation, can improve the manufacture method of the air-tightness of engaged hardware and the joint method of watertightness and joined structure.
The technical scheme that technical solution problem adopts
For addressing the above problem, joint method of the present invention be throw is docked with the second hardware with respect to the first hardware and form be engaged hardware move and rub stir joint method, it is characterized in that, comprise: to the docking section of above-mentioned the first hardware and above-mentioned the second hardware, the first formal bonding process that rubs from the above-mentioned surface that is engaged hardware and stir; The the second formal bonding process stirring rubs from the above-mentioned back side that is engaged hardware to above-mentioned docking section; The groove that forms groove along the above-mentioned docking section of the above-mentioned side that is engaged hardware forms operation; In above-mentioned groove, configure the joint member arrangement step of joint member; To the docking section of above-mentioned groove and above-mentioned joint member rub stir joint member bonding process.
According to above-mentioned joint method, by forming groove in the side that is engaged hardware, can remove the oxide-film that may be involved in the side that is engaged hardware.In addition,, by stirring that groove and the docking section of joint member that is disposed at groove are rubbed, can cover and can expose the tunnel-like cavity blemish of the side that is engaged hardware and can be involved in the oxide-film of the side that is engaged hardware and seal.By this, can improve air-tightness and the watertightness between the two sides that are engaged hardware.In addition,, by stirring that the docking section of this groove and joint member is rubbed, can improve the bond strength of this part.In addition, stir and engage owing to rubbing from the side that is engaged hardware, therefore can carry out with comparalive ease operation.
In addition, above-mentioned joint member bonding process is preferably in and in above-mentioned groove, makes the not plastification region sealing of exposing between the face side plastification region forming in the above-mentioned first formal bonding process and the rear side plastification region forming in the above-mentioned second formal bonding process.
According to above-mentioned joint method, joint member is configured in to the not plastification region of exposing the groove that is formed at this side, and can seals not plastification region by the docking section that this joint member and groove are stirred in friction.By this, can improve air-tightness and the watertightness between the two sides that are engaged hardware.
In addition, the both ends of the surface of above-mentioned joint member preferably flush with above-mentioned above-mentioned surface and the above-mentioned back side that is engaged hardware.According to above-mentioned joint method, can seal reliably tunnel-like cavity blemish, oxide-film and plastification region not, and can be on surface and the back side form flat condition.
The thickness that the degree of depth in the plastification region, side forming in above-mentioned joint member bonding process in addition, cans be compared to above-mentioned joint member is most also large.According to above-mentioned joint method, due in the docking section of groove and joint member, cross thickness total length and therefore the stirring that rubs can further improve air-tightness and the watertightness between the two sides that are engaged hardware.
In addition, after above-mentioned groove forms operation, preferably also comprise the first repair by welding operation, this operation is sealed by weld metal being exposed at least one party in the cavity blemish of bottom surface of above-mentioned groove and above-mentioned not plastification region.In addition, after above-mentioned joint member bonding process, preferably also comprise the second repair by welding operation, this operation make above-mentioned joint member bonding process be exposed to the cavity blemish at above-mentioned surface and the above-mentioned back side and the oxide-film that is involved in above-mentioned joint member bonding process at least one party seal by weld metal.
According to above-mentioned joint method, form after operation at groove, expose the cavity blemish of above-mentioned groove floor and not plastification region can utilize weld metal sealing.The cavity blemish in the plastification region forming in joint member bonding process in addition, and oxide-film can utilize weld metal sealing.By this, can improve the air-tightness and the watertightness that are engaged hardware.
In addition, the width of above-mentioned groove is also the least like the width in above-mentioned face side plastification region and above-mentioned rear side plastification region.According to above-mentioned joint method, can reduce the operation formality that forms groove, and owing to making joint member diminish, therefore can reduce the cost of member.
In addition the insertion precalculated position that, is preferably in above-mentioned throw is pre-formed lower hole.According to above-mentioned joint method, the resistance of pressing in can reduce throw and be pressed into time.Improve by this friction and stir the precision engaging, and can promptly engage operation.
In addition, joint method of the present invention be throw is docked with the second hardware with respect to the first hardware and form be engaged hardware move and rub stir joint method, it is characterized in that, comprise: to the docking section of above-mentioned the first hardware and above-mentioned the second hardware, the first formal bonding process that rubs from the above-mentioned surface that is engaged hardware and stir; The the second formal bonding process stirring rubs from the above-mentioned back side that is engaged hardware to above-mentioned docking section; In the above-mentioned side that is engaged hardware, towards the cavity blemish that is formed at least one party in the face side plastification region forming and the rear side plastification region forming in the above-mentioned first formal bonding process in the above-mentioned second formal bonding process, insert the blank part of blank part repairing member and repair member insertion operation; And to above-mentioned docking section, the formal bonding process in side that rubs in the above-mentioned side that is engaged hardware and stir; Wherein in the formal bonding process in above-mentioned side, to the stirring that rubs of the not plastification region between above-mentioned face side plastification region and above-mentioned rear side plastification region, and to the docking section that at least one party in above-mentioned face side plastification region and above-mentioned rear side plastification region and above-mentioned blank part the are repaired member stirring that rubs.
According to above-mentioned joint method, in the formal bonding process in side, stir and engage by rubbing from the side that is engaged hardware, can carry out with comparalive ease operation, and by the stirring that rubs of the not plastification region to appearing at the side that is engaged hardware, can improve the air-tightness and the watertightness that are engaged hardware.In addition, the cavity blemish that is formed at the side that is engaged hardware by blank part being repaired to member insertion seals this cavity blemish, and the docking section of in the formal bonding process in side, blank part being repaired to member and face side plastification region and the rear side plastification region stirring that rubs, can improve the air-tightness and the watertightness that are engaged hardware.
In addition, repairing member at above-mentioned blank part inserts in operation, preferably include slotted eye and form operation, this operation is in the above-mentioned side that is engaged hardware, cut and form slotted eye being formed at the surrounding of at least one party's cavity blemish in above-mentioned face side plastification region and above-mentioned rear side plastification region, repairing in member insertion operation above-mentioned blank part repairing member is inserted in above-mentioned slotted eye at above-mentioned blank part.According to above-mentioned joint method, blank part can be repaired to member and insert well.
In addition, the present invention be throw is docked with the second hardware with respect to the first hardware and form be engaged hardware move and rub stir joint method, it is characterized in that, comprise: to the docking section of above-mentioned the first hardware and above-mentioned the second hardware, the first formal bonding process that rubs from the above-mentioned surface that is engaged hardware and stir; The the second formal bonding process stirring rubs from the above-mentioned back side that is engaged hardware to above-mentioned docking section; In the above-mentioned side that is engaged hardware, to be formed at the cavity blemish of at least one party in the rear side plastification region forming in the face side plastification region that forms and the above-mentioned second formal bonding process in the above-mentioned first formal bonding process, by weld metal filling in the weld metal filling procedure of cavity blemish; And to above-mentioned docking section, the formal bonding process in side stirring rubs in the above-mentioned side that is engaged hardware, wherein in the formal bonding process in above-mentioned side, to the stirring that rubs of the not plastification region between above-mentioned face side plastification region and above-mentioned rear side plastification region, and to the stirring that rubs of the interface of at least one party and above-mentioned weld metal in above-mentioned face side plastification region and above-mentioned rear side plastification region.
According to above-mentioned joint method, in the formal bonding process in side, stir joint by rubbing from the side that is engaged hardware and carry out with comparalive ease operation, and by the stirring that rubs of the not plastification region to appearing at the side that is engaged hardware, can improve the air-tightness and the watertightness that are engaged hardware.In addition, seal this cavity blemish owing to weld metal being filled in to the cavity blemish that is formed at the side that is engaged hardware, and in the formal bonding process in side, to the stirring that rubs of the interface in above-mentioned weld metal and face side plastification region and rear side plastification region, therefore can improve the air-tightness and the watertightness that are engaged hardware.
In addition, in above-mentioned weld metal filling procedure, preferably include slotted eye and form operation, this operation is in the above-mentioned side that is engaged hardware, cut and form slotted eye being formed at the surrounding of at least one party's cavity blemish in above-mentioned face side plastification region and above-mentioned rear side plastification region, in above-mentioned weld metal filling procedure, by above-mentioned weld metal filling in above-mentioned slotted eye.According to above-mentioned joint method, can easily carry out weld metal filling work procedure.
In addition, the present invention be throw is docked with the second hardware with respect to the first hardware and form be engaged hardware move and rub stir joint method, it is characterized in that, comprise: to the docking section of above-mentioned the first hardware and above-mentioned the second hardware, the first formal bonding process that rubs from the above-mentioned surface that is engaged hardware and stir; The the second formal bonding process stirring rubs from the above-mentioned back side that is engaged hardware to above-mentioned docking section; In the above-mentioned side that is engaged hardware, the recess that the not plastification region between the face side plastification region forming in the above-mentioned first formal bonding process and the rear side plastification region that forms in the above-mentioned second formal bonding process forms recess forms operation; Recess is repaired to member and is inserted the recess repair procedure of above-mentioned recess; And above-mentioned recess is repaired to the docking section of member and above-mentioned the first hardware and above-mentioned recess and repair the rub formal bonding process in side of stirring of the docking section of member and above-mentioned the second hardware.
According to above-mentioned joint method, insert the recess in the not plastification region that is formed at the side that is engaged hardware by recess being repaired to member, and this recess is repaired to the stirring that rubs of member and the docking section that is engaged hardware, can improve the watertightness and the air-tightness that are engaged hardware.In addition, in the formal bonding process in side, stir and engage owing to rubbing from the side that is engaged hardware, therefore can carry out with comparalive ease operation.
In addition preferably comprise: to be formed at the surrounding of at least one party's cavity blemish in above-mentioned face side plastification region and above-mentioned rear side plastification region cut and form slotted eye slotted eye form operation; And blank part is repaired to blank part that member inserts above-mentioned slotted eye and repair member and insert operation, to the stirring that rubs of the docking section of at least one party in above-mentioned face side plastification region and above-mentioned rear side plastification region and above-mentioned blank part repairing member.
According to above-mentioned joint method, insert blank part repairing member by the cavity blemish to being formed at least one party in above-mentioned face side plastification region and above-mentioned rear side plastification region and seal this cavity blemish, and to the docking section that blank part is repaired member and above-mentioned face side plastification region and the above-mentioned rear side plastification region stirring that rubs, can improve the air-tightness and the watertightness that are engaged hardware.
In addition preferably comprise: to be formed at the surrounding of at least one party's cavity blemish in above-mentioned face side plastification region and above-mentioned rear side plastification region cut and form slotted eye slotted eye form operation; And blank part is repaired to blank part that member inserts above-mentioned slotted eye and repair member and insert operation, the whole surface of crossing the docking section of at least one party and above-mentioned blank part repairing member in above-mentioned face side plastification region and the above-mentioned rear side plastification region stirring that rubs.
According to above-mentioned joint method, insert blank part repairing member by the cavity blemish to being formed at least one party in above-mentioned face side plastification region and above-mentioned rear side plastification region and seal this cavity blemish, and to the whole surface that above-mentioned blank part is repaired the docking section in member and above-mentioned face side plastification region and the above-mentioned rear side plastification region stirring that rubs, can further improve the air-tightness and the watertightness that are engaged hardware.
In addition,, in the formal bonding process in above-mentioned side, above-mentioned throw preferably moves with continuous path.According to above-mentioned joint method, can improve the workability that friction is stirred.
In addition it is also little that the above-mentioned throw using in the formal bonding process in above-mentioned side, cans be compared to the throw using in the above-mentioned first formal bonding process and the above-mentioned second formal bonding process most.According to above-mentioned joint method, because little throw can compare little rotation, therefore can improve the operability of throw.
In addition, preferably also comprise interim bonding process, this operation before one of them operation, engages above-mentioned docking section carrying out in the above-mentioned first formal bonding process, the above-mentioned second formal bonding process and the formal bonding process in side temporarily.According to above-mentioned joint method, can prevent that hardware cracks each other when the stirring that rubs.
In addition, be preferably also included in a pair of outstanding material of both sides configuration of above-mentioned docking section, and the outstanding material bonding process that above-mentioned outstanding material is engaged with the above-mentioned docking section that is engaged hardware.According to above-mentioned joint method, can prevent from, when the stirring that rubs, giving prominence to material and being engaged cracking of hardware.
In addition, be preferably in and on the insertion precalculated position of the above-mentioned throw using in the above-mentioned first formal bonding process, the formal bonding process of the above-mentioned second formal bonding process and above-mentioned side, form lower hole.According to above-mentioned joint method, can reduce the resistance of pressing in when throw is pressed into.By this, in improving the precision of friction stirring joint, can promptly engage operation.
In addition, the present invention a kind ofly makes the first hardware dock each other with the end face of the second hardware and forms the manufacture method of joined structure, it is characterized in that, comprise: to the docking section of above-mentioned the first hardware and above-mentioned the second hardware, use rub the first formal bonding process of stirring of throw from the surface of above-mentioned joined structure; To the docking section of above-mentioned the first hardware and above-mentioned the second hardware, use rub the second formal bonding process of stirring of throw from the back side of above-mentioned joined structure; And docking section to above-mentioned the first hardware and above-mentioned the second hardware, use rub the 3rd formal bonding process of stirring of throw from the side of above-mentioned joined structure, carry out in addition filling the punching forming with hardware filling in the time that throw in the above-mentioned the 3rd formal bonding process departs from, and to above-mentioned joined structure and above-mentioned filling the docking section with hardware, use the rub repair procedure of stirring of throw.
According to above-mentioned manufacture method, in the 3rd formal bonding process, rub from the side of joined structure to stir and can carry out with comparalive ease operation, and by the stirring that rubs of the not plastification region to the side that comes across joined structure, can improve by this air-tightness and the watertightness of joined structure.In addition, in repair procedure, by filling in the punching with filled with metal throw in repair procedure, can landfill in the 3rd formal bonding process, be formed at the punching of the end position of friction stirring, therefore can prevent the strength decreased of the bonding station that punching causes.That is, the end position that friction can be stirred in the 3rd formal bonding process is located on joined structure, by this, can omit and set the outstanding material used of end position that friction is stirred in the 3rd formal bonding process, thereby can reduce the process number in joint operation.
In addition the punching that, the best filling of weld metal forms in the time that throw in above-mentioned repair procedure departs from.According to above-mentioned manufacture method, the punching that forms when throw departs from repair procedure by weld metal filling and therefore this punching of landfill can prevent the strength decreased of the bonding station being caused by punching, and bonding station can be trimmed to smooth.
In addition, preferably make the part in the plastification region that is formed at the docking section of above-mentioned the first hardware and above-mentioned the second hardware in the above-mentioned the 3rd formal bonding process and the plastification region overlapping forming in the above-mentioned first formal bonding process and the above-mentioned second formal bonding process.
According to above-mentioned manufacture method, in the side of joined structure, by make the part and the plastification region overlapping that forms in plastification region of the docking section that is formed at the first hardware and the second hardware in the first formal bonding process and the second formal bonding process, the seam of the first hardware and the second hardware can be sealed reliably in the side of joined structure, thereby air-tightness and the watertightness at hardware junction surface each other can be improved.
In addition,, in the above-mentioned the 3rd formal bonding process, preferably make the part in plastification region of the side of a side that is formed at above-mentioned joined structure overlapping with the part in plastification region of side of opposite side that is formed at above-mentioned joined structure.
According to above-mentioned manufacture method, in the 3rd formal bonding process, by making the part in plastification region of the two sides that are formed at joined structure overlapping, and plastification is to the inside of joined structure, therefore can improve air-tightness and the watertightness at hardware junction surface each other.
In addition, before being preferably in the above-mentioned first formal bonding process and the above-mentioned second formal bonding process, to the docking section of above-mentioned the first hardware and above-mentioned the second hardware, engage from surface and the back side of above-mentioned joined structure, temporarily.In addition, before being preferably in the above-mentioned the 3rd formal bonding process, to the docking section of above-mentioned the first hardware and above-mentioned the second hardware, engage from the side of above-mentioned joined structure, temporarily.
At this, due in the time carrying out each bonding process, throw is pressed into the docking section of engaged each hardware, the power that effect is pulled away from each other to hardware, produces and cracks in docking section sometimes.But according to above-mentioned manufacture method, by the interim docking section that engages before carrying out each bonding process, can carry out well each bonding process.
In addition,, in the above-mentioned first formal bonding process and the above-mentioned second formal bonding process, the insertion precalculated position that is preferably in throw is pre-formed lower hole.In addition,, in the above-mentioned the 3rd formal bonding process, the insertion precalculated position that is preferably in throw is pre-formed lower hole.
According to above-mentioned manufacture method, utilize this structure can reduce the resistance of pressing in when throw press-fit joint structure thing.Can improve by this friction and stir the precision engaging, and can promptly engage operation.
In addition, in the above-mentioned the 3rd formal bonding process, the starting position that friction is stirred and end position are preferably set in the side of above-mentioned the first hardware or above-mentioned the second hardware, and set in the time making throw move to end position by the docking section of above-mentioned the first hardware and above-mentioned the second hardware with the track of コ word shape from starting position, if throw is done right rotation, the direct of travel left side of throw is corresponding to the groove inner side of the motion track of コ word shape, if throw is done anticlockwise, the direct of travel right side of throw is corresponding to the groove inner side of the motion track of コ word shape.
At this, sometimes have the situation that produces cavity blemish due to throw is moved in the plastification region that is formed at joined structure along the direct of travel of throw.This cavity blemish is to make one of the air-tightness at hardware junction surface each other and reason of watertightness reduction.In the situation that making throw right rotation, cavity blemish is formed at the left side of direct of travel, and in the situation that making throw anticlockwise, cavity blemish is formed at the right side of direct of travel.Therefore, in above-mentioned structure, groove inner side in the plastification region that forms コ word shape forms cavity blemish, compared with the situation that forms cavity blemish with the groove outside in the plastification region at コ word shape, because the distance of cavity blemish shortens, therefore can improve air-tightness and the watertightness at hardware junction surface each other.
Invention effect
According to the manufacture method of joint method of the present invention and manufacture structure, in easy operation, can improve air-tightness and the watertightness of engaged hardware.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the figure that represents the joint method of embodiment one, and Fig. 1 (a) is stereogram, and Fig. 1 (b) is the amplification stereogram of N part in Fig. 1 (a).
Fig. 2 is the figure that represents the first preparatory process in embodiment one, and Fig. 2 (a) is stereogram, and Fig. 2 (b) is top view.
Fig. 3 is the figure that represents the first preparatory process in embodiment one, and Fig. 3 (a) is I-I line cutaway view in Fig. 2 (b), and Fig. 3 (b) is II-II line cutaway view in Fig. 2 (b).
Fig. 4 is the figure that represents the throw of embodiment one, and Fig. 4 (a) is the interim side view engaging with throw, and Fig. 4 (b) is the formal side view engaging with throw.
Fig. 5 is the figure that represents the use state of the interim joint throw of embodiment one, Fig. 5 (a) is the interim figure that is connected to the first outstanding material with throw that engages, and Fig. 5 (b) is the figure that is pressed into the first outstanding material with throw by engage temporarily.
Fig. 6 is the top view that represents the first outstanding material bonding process, interim bonding process and the second outstanding material bonding process of the first front travel of embodiment one.
Fig. 7 is the III-III direction cutaway view that represents first formal Fig. 6 that engages engineering of embodiment one, Fig. 7 (a) is that the figure engaging is stirred in the friction that represents starting position part, Fig. 7 (b) is that the figure engaging is stirred in the friction of part in the middle of representing, Fig. 7 (c) is that the figure engaging is stirred in the friction that represents end position part.
Fig. 8 (a) is after the second preparatory process of embodiment one, cutaway view from docking section J1 towards the first hardware 1a side, Fig. 8 (b) is the top view that represents the second outstanding material bonding process, interim bonding process and the first outstanding material bonding process of the second preparatory process of embodiment one.
Fig. 9 is the figure that represents the second formal bonding process of embodiment one, it is the IV-IV line cutaway view of Fig. 8 (b), Fig. 9 (a) is that the figure engaging is stirred in the friction of starting position part, and Fig. 9 (b) is that the figure engaging is stirred in the friction of part in the middle of representing.
Figure 10 represents the stereogram that is engaged hardware after outstanding material excision operation in embodiment one.
Figure 11 is the stereogram that the groove of embodiment one forms operation.
Figure 12 is the figure that represents the first repair by welding operation of embodiment one, is the top view of the first side C.
Figure 13 is the stereogram that represents the first joint member arrangement step of embodiment one.
Figure 14 is the side view that the first joint member arrangement step of embodiment one is seen from surfaces A side, and Figure 14 (a) represents that, before configuration, Figure 14 (b) represents after configuration.
Figure 15 is the figure that represents the first joint member bonding process of embodiment one, and Figure 15 (a) is top view, and Figure 15 (b) is the VI-VI line cutaway view of Figure 15 (a).
Figure 16 is the top view that represents the first joint member bonding process of embodiment one.
Figure 17 is the top view that represents the second joint member bonding process of embodiment one.
Figure 18 is the figure that represents the second repair by welding operation of embodiment one, is the amplification stereogram of N part in Fig. 1.
Figure 19 is the figure that represents the variation of embodiment one, is the cutaway view that represents joint member bonding process.
Figure 20 is the stereogram that is engaged hardware that represents embodiment two.
Figure 21 is that the outstanding material that represents embodiment two excises the stereogram that is engaged hardware after operation.
Figure 22 (a) is that the slotted eye that represents embodiment two forms operation, recess forms operation and repair member the stereogram that inserts operation, and Figure 22 (b) is the enlarged front view of the face side plastification area peripheral edge of Figure 22 (a).
Figure 23 is the figure that represents the first formal bonding process in side of embodiment two, Figure 23 (a) is the top view of part in the middle of representing, Figure 23 (b) is the III-III line cutaway view of Figure 23 (a), and Figure 23 (c) is the top view that represents end position part.
Figure 24 is the stereogram that represents the joined structure being engaged by the manufacture method of embodiment four.
Figure 25 is after the second formal bonding process of representing embodiment four finishes, and removes the stereogram of the joined structure of outstanding material state.
Figure 26 is the top view that represents the interim bonding process in the 3rd formal bonding process of embodiment four.
Figure 27 is the top view that represents the formal bonding process in the 3rd formal bonding process of embodiment four.
Figure 28 is the figure that represents each operation of embodiment four, Figure 28 (a) is the I-I cutaway view that represents Figure 26 of formal bonding process in the 3rd formal bonding process, and Figure 28 (b) is the cutaway view that represents filling hardware insertion operation in the first repair procedure.
Figure 29 is the top view that represents the repairing bonding process in the first repair procedure of embodiment four and repair welding sequence.
Figure 30 is the II-II cutaway view that represents the repairing bonding process in the first repair procedure of embodiment four and repair Figure 29 of welding sequence.
Figure 31 represents the 4th formal bonding process of embodiment four and the top view of the second repair procedure.
Figure 32 is the figure that represents the variation of the 3rd formal bonding process of embodiment four, is the top view while making the first throw do anticlockwise.
Figure 33 represents the hardware of pair of plates shape to rub and stir the stereogram of the existing joint method engaging.
Figure 34 figure is the cutaway view that represents the existing joint method that uses joint member.
Figure 35 represents the large hardware of a pair of thickness to rub and stir the stereogram of the joint method engaging.
(symbol description)
1～be engaged hardware
1a～the first hardware
1b～the second hardware
2～the first outstanding materials
3～the second outstanding materials
211～recess
212～slotted eye
213～slotted eye
211～recess is repaired member
202～the first blank parts are repaired member
203～the first blank parts are repaired member
A～surface
B～back side
C～the first side
D～the second side
F～interim joint throw
G～formal joint throw
H～filling hardware
J～not plastification region
J～docking section
K～groove
P～lower hole
Q～punching
R～tunnel-like cavity blemish
T～weld metal
U～joint member
W1～face side plastification region
W2～rear side plastification region
W～side plastification region
Z～oxide-film.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment one
As shown in Fig. 1 (a), the feature of the joint method of embodiment one is, the surfaces A that is engaged hardware 1 that makes the first hardware 1a and the second hardware 1b docking and form and back surface B stir by friction and engage, and as shown in Fig. 1 (b), form groove K in the two sides that are engaged hardware 1, at this groove K configuration joint member U, and stir groove K by friction and engage with the docking section of joint member U.
First, describe in detail present embodiment joint method be engaged hardware 1, and describe in detail and engage this and be engaged the first outstanding material 2 and the second outstanding material 3 that when hardware 1, use.
As shown in Fig. 2 (a) and Fig. 2 (b), in the present embodiment, be engaged hardware 1 and formed by the first rectangular hardware 1a of cross section and the second hardware 1b, by making each end face docking form docking section J1.The first hardware 1a and the second hardware 1b are the metal material of same composition in the present embodiment, by such as aluminium, aluminium alloy, copper, copper alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, magnesium, magnesium alloy etc. can rub stir metal material form.Although there is no particular restriction for shape, the size of the first hardware 1a and the second hardware 1b, wish that at least the gauge of docking section J1 is identical.
And as shown in Figure 1, the surface that is engaged hardware 1 is that surfaces A, the back side are back surface B, the side of a side is that the side of the first side C, opposite side is the second side D.In addition, the front and back up and down in present embodiment are determined according to the arrow of Fig. 1.
As shown in Fig. 2 (a) and Fig. 2 (b), the first outstanding material 2 and the second outstanding material 3 are engaged hardware 1 docking section J1 for clamping configures, add respectively in being engaged hardware 1, cover the seam (boundary line) of hiding the first hardware 1a and the second hardware 1b that appear at the first side C and the second side D.Although there is no particular restriction for the material of the first outstanding material 2 and the second outstanding material 3, in the present embodiment, be to form with the metal material that is engaged hardware 1 same composition.In addition,, although the first outstanding material 2 and second is given prominence to size, the shape unrestricted of material 3, in the present embodiment, its gauge is identical with the gauge that is engaged hardware 1 at J1 place, docking section.
Then, describe in detail and be used for the throw F (hereinafter referred to as " interim joint used throw F ") of interim bonding process and the throw G (hereinafter referred to as " formal joint throw G ") for formal bonding process with reference to Fig. 4.
Interim joint shown in Fig. 4 (a) is engaged hardware 1 with throw F by tool steel geometric ratio and goes back the metal material of hard and form, and comprises cylindrical shoulder F1, is based in stirring pin (probe) F2 of the lower surface F11 of this shoulder F1.Engage although interim and set corresponding to being engaged the material of hardware 1 and thickness by the size of throw F, shape, at least also little than the formal joint use throw G (with reference to Fig. 4 (b)) using in the described later first formal bonding process.So, engage also little load because available ratio is formal engages temporarily, therefore can alleviate the load that puts on friction agitating device in the time of interim joint, and because interim joint uses the translational speed (transporting velocity) of throw F also higher than formally engaging by the translational speed of throw G, therefore can reduce required activity duration of interim joint and cost.
The lower surface F11 of shoulder F1 has the position that pushes the mobile metal of plastification and prevent the function of dispersing towards periphery, forms in the present embodiment concave shape.Although there is no particular restriction for the size of the external diameter X1 of shoulder F1, in the present embodiment, also little with the external diameter Y1 of the shoulder G1 of throw G than formal joint.
Stir pin F2 and hang down from the central authorities of the lower surface F11 of shoulder F1, in the present embodiment, form the thin truncated cone of front end.In addition, the side face of stirring pin F2 is formed with to carve and is set as spiral helicine agitator.Although there is no particular restriction for the external diameter size of stirring pin F2, in the present embodiment, maximum outside diameter (footpath, upper end) X
2than formal maximum outside diameter (footpath, the upper end) Y engaging with the stirring pin G2 of throw G
2also little, and minimum outer diameter (footpath, lower end) X
3than minimum outer diameter (footpath, the lower end) Y that stirs pin G2
3also little.Stir the length L of pin F2
2can be compared to most the formal length L engaging with the stirring pin G2 of throw G
1(with reference to Fig. 4 (b)) is also little.
Formal joint shown in Fig. 4 (b) is engaged hardware 1 with throw G by tool steel geometric ratio and goes back the metal material of hard and form, and comprises cylindrical shoulder G1 and is based in stirring pin (probe) G2 of the lower surface G11 of this shoulder G1.
The lower surface G11 of shoulder G1 uses throw F identical with interim joint, forms concave shape.Stir pin G2 and hang down from the central authorities of the lower surface G11 of shoulder G1, form in the present embodiment the circular cone shape that front end is thin.In addition, the side face of stirring pin G2 is formed with to carve and is set as spiral helicine agitator.
Below, describe the joint method of present embodiment in detail.The joint method of present embodiment comprises (1) first preparatory process, (2) first front travels, (3) first formal bonding processs, (4) second preparatory process, (5) second front travels, (6) second formal bonding processs, (7) outstanding material excision operation, (8) groove forms operation, (9) first repair by welding operations, (10) the 3rd preparatory process, (11) first joint member bonding processs, (12) the 4th preparatory process, (13) second joint member bonding processs, (14) outstanding material excision operation, (15) second repair by welding operations.
And, as shown in Figure 1, (2) first front travels and (3) first formal bonding processs are the operations of carrying out in surfaces A, and (5) second front travels and (6) second formal bonding processs are operations that B carries out overleaf.In addition, to form operation and (9) first repair by welding operations are the operations of carrying out at the first side C and the second side D to (8) groove.In addition, (11) first joint member bonding processs are the operations of carrying out at the first side C, and (13) second joint member bonding processs are the operations of carrying out at the second side D.In addition, (15) second repair by welding operations are the operations of carrying out in surfaces A and back surface B.
(1) first preparatory process
With reference to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the first preparatory process is described.The first preparatory process is to prepare setting to be engaged the starting position of friction stirring of hardware 1 and the operation of the abutting member of end position (the first outstanding material 2 and the second outstanding material 3).In the present embodiment, the first preparatory process comprises: the docking operation that makes the first hardware 1a and the second hardware 1b docking; Material 2 and the second outstanding material arrangement step of giving prominence to material 3 are given prominence in both sides configuration first at the docking section J1 that is engaged hardware 1; And by weld the first outstanding material 2 with the second outstanding material 3 be engaged the interim interim welding sequence engaging of hardware 1.
(1-1) docking operation
As shown in Fig. 2 (b), in docking operation, make the end face 11b of the second hardware 1b be close to the end face 11a of the first hardware 1a.In addition, as shown in Figure 3, the surperficial 12a of the first hardware 1a flushes with the surperficial 12b of the second hardware 1b, and the back side 13a of the first hardware 1a flushes with the back side 13b of the second hardware 1b.In addition, similarly, the first side 14a of the first hardware 1a flushes with the first side 14b of the second hardware 1b, and the second side 15a of the first hardware 1a flushes with the second side 15b of the second hardware 1b.
; surfaces A is formed by the surperficial 12a of the first hardware 1a and the surperficial 12b of the second hardware 1b; back surface B is formed by the back side 13a of the first hardware 1a and the back side 13b of the second hardware 1b; the first side C is formed by the first side 14a of the first hardware 1a and the first side 14b of the second hardware 1b, and the second side D is formed by the second side 15a of the first hardware 1a and the second side 15b of the second hardware 1b.
(1-2) outstanding material arrangement step
As shown in Fig. 2 (a) and Fig. 2 (b), in outstanding material arrangement step, at second side D side configuration the first outstanding material 2 of docking section J1, make its bearing surface 21 be connected to the second side D.And, make the second outstanding material 3 be disposed at the first side C of docking section J1, make its bearing surface 31 be connected to the first side C.Now, as shown in Fig. 3 (b), the surface 32 of the surface 22 of the first outstanding material 2 and the second outstanding material 3 flushes with the surfaces A that is engaged hardware 1, and in addition, the back side 33 of the back side 23 of the first outstanding material 2 and the second outstanding material 3 flushes with the back surface B that is engaged hardware 1.
(1-3) interim welding sequence
As shown in Fig. 2 (a) and Fig. 2 (b) figure, in interim welding sequence, be engaged bight, inner side 2a, 2b that hardware 1 and the first outstanding material 2 form and give prominence to material 2 and engage being temporarily engaged hardware 1 and first by welding.In addition, being engaged hardware 1 and the second outstanding material 3 by welding forms inner side bight 3a, 3b and gives prominence to material 3 and engage being temporarily engaged hardware 1 and second.
And, can cross the total length of inner side bight 2a, 2b and 3a, 3b and weld continuously, also can weld intermittently.In addition,, in the first preparatory process, in the situation that omitting interim welding sequence, also can on the stand of not shown friction agitating device, dock operation and outstanding material arrangement step.
(2) first front travels
The first front travel be before the first formal bonding process, carry out operation, in the present embodiment, comprising: in surfaces A side, engage and be engaged hardware 1 and give prominence to material bonding process with (2-1) first of the docking section J2 of the first outstanding material 2; Interim (2-2) interim bonding process that engages the docking section J1 that is engaged hardware 1; Joint is engaged (2-3) second outstanding material bonding process of the docking section J3 of hardware 1 and the second outstanding material 3; And (2-4) lower hole that friction in the first formal bonding process starting position of stirring forms lower hole forms operation.
As shown in Figure 6, in the first front travel, make an interim joint throw move and form continuous motion track (bead), docking section J2, J1, J3 are carried out to friction continuously and stir., make to insert the starting position S that friction is stirred
p1interim joint do not depart from halfway and move to end position E with the stirring pin F2 (with reference to Fig. 4 (a)) of throw F
p1.And, in the present embodiment, although set the starting position S that friction is stirred on the first outstanding material 2
p1, on the second outstanding material 3, set end position E
p1, but and do not mean that starting position S
p1with end position E
p1position be defined.In addition, in the present embodiment, interim joint is all done right rotation by throw F and the formal joint direction of rotation of throw G.So, by making interim joint use the direction of rotation of throw F and formal joint throw G consistent, can omit operation formality.
Explain the order that the friction in the first front travel of present embodiment is stirred with reference to Fig. 5 and Fig. 6.
First, being engaged on the stand that hardware 1 is fixed on not shown friction agitating device of interim welding sequence will be carried out.Then,, as shown in Fig. 5 (a), make the interim starting position S that is positioned at the appropriate location that is located at the first outstanding material 2 with throw F that engages
p1directly over, then, make interim joint do right rotation limit with throw F limit and decline, stirring is sold to F2 and is pressed into starting position S
p1.Engage although interim by the rotary speed of throw F corresponding to stirring the size, shape of pin F2 and being set by the material and the thickness etc. that are engaged hardware 1 etc. of friction stirring, but mostly, in situation, be set in the scope of 500～2000 (rpm).
As shown in Fig. 5 (b), in the time that stirring pin F2 contacts with the surface 22 of the first outstanding material 2, because making to stir the plastic deformationization of selling around F2, frictional heat flows, and stir pin F2 insertion first and give prominence to material 2.
As shown in Figure 6, enter the first outstanding material 2 when stirring the entirety of pin F2, and after the whole surface of the lower surface F11 of shoulder F1 contacts with the surface 22 of the first outstanding material 2, interim joint is relatively moved towards the starting point s2 of the first outstanding material bonding process with rotation limit, throw F limit.
Engage although interim by the translational speed (transporting velocity) of throw F corresponding to stirring the size, shape of pin F2 and being set by the material and the thickness etc. that are engaged hardware 1 etc. of friction stirring, but mostly, in situation, be set in the scope of 100～1000 (mm/ divides).Rotary speed when engaging rotary speed while movement with throw F temporarily and inserting is identical or lower.And, when making to engage temporarily and moving with throw F, although the axis of shoulder F1 tilts towards the rear of direct of travel a little with respect to plumb line, be vertical if do not tilt, engage become with the direction conversion of throw F easy temporarily, can do complicated action.Make to engage while movement with throw F, the metal of the surrounding of its stirring pin F2 successively plastification flows temporarily, and on the position of leaving from stirring pin F2, the metal underhardening again that plastification is mobile.
Make interim engage to relatively move and rub continuously with throw F stir until the starting point s2 of the second outstanding material bonding process, make temporarily joint throw F not depart from and move to first at starting point s2 and give prominence to material bonding process.
(2-1) the first outstanding material bonding process
In the first outstanding material bonding process, to the first outstanding material 2 and the docking section J2 that is engaged hardware 1 stirring that rubs.Particularly, the path (route) that friction is stirred is set in the seam (boundary line) that is engaged hardware 1 and the first outstanding material 2, by make interim joint relatively move with throw F along this path, to the docking section J2 stirring that rubs.And, in the present embodiment, make interim engage with throw F do not depart from halfway from the first starting point s2 that gives prominence to material bonding process e2 stirring that rubs continuously to terminal.
And, make to engage do right rotation with throw F in the situation that temporarily, owing to producing small cavity blemish with the left side of the direct of travel of throw F at interim joint, therefore preferably set the first outstanding starting point s2 of material bonding process and position of terminal e2, make to be engaged hardware 1 and be positioned at the right side of the direct of travel of interim joint throw F.So, be engaged hardware 1 side because cavity blemish is difficult to result from, therefore can obtain high-quality conjugant.
In addition, when make to engage while doing anticlockwise with throw F temporarily, owing to producing small cavity blemish with the right side of the direct of travel of throw F at interim joint, therefore preferably set the first outstanding starting point of material bonding process and position of terminal, make to be engaged hardware 1 and be positioned at the left side of the direct of travel of interim joint throw F.Particularly, although diagram omit, the position of terminal e2 starting point can be arranged to interim joint throw F and do right rotation time, the position of starting point s2 when terminal is arranged to interim joint throw F and does right rotation.
And, in the time that interim joint enters docking section J2 with the stirring pin F2 of throw F, give prominence to although make to be engaged hardware 1 and first the power generation effect that material 2 is pulled away from, but engage by welding with bight, inner side 2a, 2b (with reference to Fig. 2) that the first outstanding material 2 forms owing to being engaged hardware 1 temporarily, therefore, can not produce and crack being engaged between metal 1 and the first outstanding material 2.
(2-2) interim bonding process
Interim engage arrive the terminal e2 of the second outstanding material bonding process with throw F after, friction is stirred in terminal e2 and does not finish and carry out continuously until the starting point s1 of interim bonding process, and moves to interim bonding process with this state.; till giving prominence to the starting point s1 of the extremely interim bonding process of terminal e2 of material bonding process from first; interim joint do not continue the stirring that rub with throw F with departing from, and at starting point s1, and joint does not depart from throw F and moves to interim bonding process temporarily.So, need to not use at the interim joint of the terminal e2 of the first outstanding material bonding process the separating operation of throw F, and owing to need to not using at the interim joint of the starting point s1 of interim bonding process the insertion operation of throw F, can realize high efficiency, the fast of preparatory joint operation.
In the present embodiment, the first outstanding material 2 is located at from the first terminal e2 that gives prominence to material bonding process to the path that the friction of the starting point s1 of interim bonding process is stirred, and the motion track that makes interim joint throw F move to the starting point s1 of interim bonding process from the terminal e2 of the first outstanding material bonding process is formed at the first outstanding material 2.So, move in the operation of starting point s1 of interim bonding process at the terminal e2 of the first outstanding material bonding process, owing to being difficult to produce cavity blemish being engaged hardware 1, can obtain high-quality conjugant.
In interim bonding process, to being engaged the docking section J1 (with reference to Fig. 6) of hardware 1 stirring that rubs.Particularly, set the path that friction is stirred the seam (boundary line) that is engaged hardware 1 is upper, by make interim joint relatively move with throw F along this path, cross the total length of docking section J1 and the stirring that rubs continuously.And in the present embodiment, interim joint do not depart from and from the starting point s1 of the interim bonding process e1 stirring that rubs continuously to terminal halfway with throw F.
After engaging temporarily and arriving the terminal e1 of interim bonding process with throw F, stir and do not finish and rub continuously and stir until the terminal s3 of the second outstanding material bonding process in terminal e1 friction, state moves to second and gives prominence to material bonding process according to this.; engage temporarily and do not depart from and the stirring that rubs continuously with throw F from the starting point s3 of the outstanding material bonding process of the terminal e1 to the second of interim bonding process, and engage temporarily and do not depart from and move to second and give prominence to material bonding process with throw F at starting point s3.
In the present embodiment, the path setting that the friction of the starting point s3 of outstanding the terminal e1 to the second from interim bonding process material bonding process is stirred is in the second outstanding material 3, makes the interim motion track engaging while moving to the starting point s3 of the second outstanding material bonding process with throw F from the terminal e1 of interim bonding process be formed at second and gives prominence to material 3.So, the operation of starting point s3 that moves to the second outstanding material bonding process from the terminal e1 of interim bonding process, owing to being difficult to produce cavity blemish being engaged hardware 1, can obtain high-quality conjugant.
(2-3) the second outstanding material bonding process
In the second outstanding material bonding process, to being engaged hardware 1 and the second docking section J3 that gives prominence to material 3 stirring that rubs.Particularly, set the path that friction is stirred the seam (boundary line) that is engaged hardware 1 and the second outstanding material 3 is upper, by make interim joint relatively move with throw F along this path, to the docking section J3 stirring that rubs.And in the present embodiment, interim joint do not depart from and from the second starting point s3 that gives prominence to material bonding process e3 stirring that rubs continuously to terminal halfway with throw F.
And, owing to making interim joint do right rotation with throw F, set the second outstanding starting point s3 of material bonding process and position of terminal e3, make to be engaged hardware 1 and be positioned at interim joint and use the right side of the direct of travel of throw F.
In addition, in the time that interim joint enters docking section J3 with the stirring pin F2 of throw F, although give prominence to by being engaged hardware 1 and second the power generation effect that material 3 is pulled away from, but owing to doing interim engage with bight, inner side 3a, 3b (with reference to Fig. 2) that the second outstanding material 3 forms by welding by being engaged hardware 1, therefore, can not produce and crack being engaged between metal 1 and the second outstanding material 3.
After interim joint arrives the terminal e3 of the second outstanding material bonding process with throw F, do not finish and rub continuously and stir until be located at the end position E of the second outstanding material 3 in terminal e3 friction stirring
p1till.And, in the present embodiment, on the extended line of the seam (boundary line) occurring in the surfaces A side that is engaged hardware 1, end position E is set
p1.In addition end position E,
p1for the starting position S of the friction stirring in the described later first formal bonding process
m1.
Engage with throw F arrival end position E interim
p1afterwards, make interim joint with rising on rotation limit, throw F limit make to stir pin F2 from end position E
p1depart from.
Above, although be described for the first outstanding material bonding process, interim bonding process and the second outstanding material bonding process, the track in each bonding process, only for illustrating, also can be the track of alternate manner.In addition, also can omit the first outstanding material bonding process and the second outstanding material bonding process, and only carry out interim bonding process.
(2-4) lower hole forms operation
Then, carry out lower hole and form operation.As shown in Fig. 4 (b), the starting position that lower hole formation operation is the friction stirring in the first formal bonding process forms the operation of lower hole P1.Lower hole in the first front travel forms in operation, is being set in the S on surface 32 of the second outstanding material 3
m1form lower hole P1.
The object that lower hole P1 arranges is the insertion resistance (resistance of pressing in) of the stirring pin G2 in order to reduce formal joint throw G, in the present embodiment, the punching H1 forming in the time that interim joint departs from the stirring pin F2 (with reference to Fig. 4 (a)) of throw F is done reaming and formed with not shown drilling tool.If utilize punching H1,, owing to can simplifying the formation operation of lower hole P1, can shorten the activity duration.Although there is no particular restriction for the form of lower hole P1, be cylindric in the present embodiment.And in the present embodiment, although hole P1 under the second outstanding material 3 forms, but there is no particular restriction in the position of lower hole P1, also can be formed at the first outstanding material 2, although can be formed at docking section J2, J3, but comparatively it is desirable to, be formed at as in this embodiment on the extended line that is engaged the seam that is engaged hardware 1 (boundary line) that the surfaces A side of hardware 1 occurs.
And, in the present embodiment, although be take the punching H1 of the stirring pin F2 to interim joint throw F (with reference to Fig. 4 (a)) do reaming and the situation that forms lower hole P1 as example, at the maximum outside diameter X that stirs pin F2
2than the formal minimum outer diameter Y engaging with the stirring pin G2 of throw G
3also large, and stir the maximum outside diameter X that sells F2
2than the maximum outside diameter Y that stirs pin G2
2also little (Y
3<X
2<Y
2) situation under, stir pin F2 punching H1 can be directly as lower hole P1.
(3) first formal bonding processs
The first formal bonding process is the operation that the docking section J1 of the surfaces A side that is engaged hardware 1 is engaged veritably.In the first formal bonding process of present embodiment, use the formal joint throw G shown in Fig. 4 (b), to the docking section J1 under the state of interim joint from being engaged the stirring that rubs of the surfaces A side of hardware 1.
As shown in Fig. 7 (a)～Fig. 7 (c), in the first formal bonding process, make the stirring pin G2 insertion (being pressed into) of formal joint throw G be formed at starting position S
m1lower hole P1, the stirring pin G2 of insertion does not depart from halfway and moves to end position E
m1.,, in the first formal bonding process, start friction from lower hole P1 and stir, and rub continuously and stir until end position E
m1till.
At this, the time point finishing at the first front travel, owing to having the friction agitating device of interim joint throw F and be positioned at the end position E of the second outstanding material 3
p1directly over (with reference to Fig. 6), if the starting position of the first formal bonding process is S
m1, the friction agitating device with formal joint throw G does not move and carries out the first formal bonding process, can omit operation.
And, in the present embodiment, although the starting position S that friction is stirred is set on the second outstanding material 3
m1, on the first outstanding material 2, end position E is set
m1, but starting position S
m1with end position E
m1position indefinite.
Illustrate in greater detail the first formal bonding process with reference to Fig. 7 (a)～Fig. 7 (c).
First,, as shown in Fig. 7 (a), make formal joint throw G be positioned at lower hole P1 (starting position S
m1) directly over, then make formal engage with throw G limit do that right rotation limit declines and the front end that makes to stir pin G2 insert under hole P1.In the time that stirring pin G2 enters lower hole P1, the side face (side) that stirs pin G2 is connected to the hole wall of lower hole P1, and metal starts plastification from hole wall and flows.In the time reaching this state, due to the mobile metal of plastification be stirred pin G2 side face press move back, and stir pin G2 be pressed into, therefore can be reduced in the resistance of pressing in that is pressed into initial stage.In addition, due to before formally engaging the surface 32 that is connected to the second outstanding material 3 with the shoulder G1 of throw G, stir pin G2 and be connected to the hole wall of lower hole P1 and produce frictional heat, therefore can shorten the mobile time of plastification that reaches.That is, reduce the load of friction agitating device, can shorten in addition the needed activity duration of formal bonding process.
As shown in Fig. 7 (b), enter the second outstanding material 3 in the entirety that stirs pin G2, and after the whole surface of the lower surface G11 of shoulder G1 contacts with the surface 32 of the second outstanding material 3, limit rubs and stirs limit formal joint relatively moved towards one end of the docking section J1 that is engaged hardware 1 with throw G, and, cross docking section J3 and charge into docking section J1.When making formally to engage while moving with throw G, this stirring pin G2 metal around successively plastification flows, and from stirring the position left of pin G2, the mobile metal of plastification underhardening and form plastification region (hereinafter referred to as " face side plastification region W1 ") again.And so-called plastification region comprises and is presented the state of plastification and throw by the frictional heat heating of throw by getting back to the state of normal temperature.
Although engaging formal by the translational speed (transporting velocity) of throw G is to set corresponding to the size that stirs pin G2, shape and by the material and the thickness etc. that are engaged hardware 1 etc. of friction stirring, but in most situation, be set in the scope of 30～300 (mm/ divides).
In the case of enter the heat that is engaged hardware 1 likely excessive, preferably alignment type engages and carries out cooling for feeding water etc. from surfaces A side with the surrounding of throw G.And, in the time that cooling water enters between the first hardware 1a and the second hardware 1b, although may be on composition surface (end face 11a, 11b, with reference to Fig. 2 (b)) generation oxide-film, but in the present embodiment, seal owing to carrying out interim bonding process the seam that is engaged 1 of hardware, cooling water is difficult to inflow and is engaged between hardware 1, and therefore the quality at junction surface can not variation.
Be engaged the docking section J1 of hardware 1, the path setting that friction is stirred is on being engaged the seam (on the motion track in interim bonding process) of hardware 1, by make formal joint relatively move with throw G along this path, from the stirring that rubs continuously of one end to the other end of docking section J1.Make the formal other end that relatively moves to docking section J1 with throw G that engages, in the stirring that rubs, cross docking section J2, and according to this state towards end position E
m1relatively move.
And, in the present embodiment, due to the starting position S that friction is stirred
m1be set on the extended line that is engaged the seam that is engaged hardware 1 (boundary line) that the surfaces A side of hardware 1 occurs, the path that the friction in the first formal bonding process is stirred can become a straight line.If the path that friction is stirred becomes a straight line, owing to the displacement that formally engages throw G being suppressed to Min., can effectively carry out the first formal bonding process, and, can reduce the abrasion loss of formal joint use throw G.
Engage with throw G arrival end position E formal
m1time, as shown in Fig. 7 (c), make formally to engage with rising on rotation limit, throw G limit, thereby make to stir pin G2 from end position E
m1(with reference to Fig. 7 (b)) departs from.And, at end position E
m1upper, stir pin G2 if make and depart from towards top, inevitably form and the punching Q1 that stirs the roughly the same shape of pin G2, but still retain in the present embodiment.
Formal joint with the stirring pin G2 of throw G from end position E
m1the rotary speed when rotary speed (rotary speed when disengaging) of formal joint use throw G when disengaging cans be compared to movement is most also high.So, the situation that the rotary speed of the rotary speed when departing from when mobile is identical is compared, and owing to stirring, to sell the disengaging resistance of G2 little, can promptly carry out end position E
m1the separating operation of stirring pin G2.
And, in the present embodiment, before the first formal bonding process, carry out the first front travel, but, also can omit the first front travel and after the first preparatory process, directly carry out the first formal bonding process.
(4) second preparatory process
The second preparatory process is the preparatory process carrying out before the second front travel.In the present embodiment, comprising: by the back surface B side that is engaged hardware 1 upward, and the member that is engaged that is again arranged at not shown friction agitating device arranges operation.
(4-1) be engaged member operation is set again
Arrange again in operation being engaged member, complete in releasing after the constraint that is engaged hardware 1 of the first formal bonding process, by being engaged the surperficial back side reversion of hardware 1, make back surface B side upward, and be again arranged on the stand of friction agitating device.In the present embodiment, make to be engaged hardware 1 and do half rotation around the antero posterior axis shown in Fig. 1, make to be engaged the surperficial back side reversion of hardware 1.
At this, Fig. 8 (a) arranges after operation at the member of rejoining of the second preparatory process of present embodiment, the cutaway view from docking section J1 towards the first hardware 1a side.As shown in Fig. 8 (a), arrange in operation being engaged member, the upper surface that is engaged hardware 1 becomes back surface B, and when from docking section J1 side during towards the first hardware 1a, the second outstanding material 3 is positioned at the left side that is engaged hardware 1, and the first outstanding material 2 is positioned at the right side that is engaged hardware 1.
And friction agitating device difference, also can not remove and be engaged the constraint of hardware 1 and the surface of revolution back side.
(5) second front travels
The second front travel is the operation of carrying out before the second formal bonding process, comprising: B side makes to be engaged (5-1) second outstanding material bonding process that hardware 1 engages with the docking section J3 of the second outstanding material 3 overleaf; Make to be engaged the interim bonding process of interim (5-2) engaging of docking section J1 of hardware 1; Make to be engaged (5-3) first outstanding material bonding process that hardware 1 engages with the docking section J2 of the first outstanding material 2; And (5-4) the lower hole that lower hole is formed to the starting position of the friction stirring of the second formal bonding process forms operation.And, in (5-1) second outstanding material bonding process, (5-2) interim bonding process and (5-3) in the first outstanding material bonding process, use interim joint to use throw F.
(5-1) the second outstanding material bonding process, (5-2) interim bonding process and (5-3) the first outstanding material bonding process
(5-1) the second outstanding material bonding process, (5-2) interim bonding process and (5-3) the first outstanding material bonding process and the outstanding material bonding process of above-mentioned the first front travel (2-3) second, (2-2) interim bonding process and (2-1) the roughly the same operation of the first outstanding material bonding process.As shown in Fig. 8 (b), make interim a joint move and form continuous motion track (bead) with throw F, with the stirring that rubs continuously of the order of docking section J3, J1, J2., insert the starting position S that friction is stirred
p2interim joint do not depart from halfway and move to end position E with the stirring pin F2 (with reference to Fig. 4 (a)) of throw F
p2thereby, carry out continuously (5-1) second outstanding material bonding process, (5-2) interim bonding process and (5-3) the first outstanding material bonding process.And, end position E
p2become the starting position S of the second formal bonding process of carrying out subsequently
m2.
At this, as shown in Figure 6, in the first front travel, from the first outstanding material 2 sides, carry out successively (2-1) first outstanding material bonding process, (2-2) interim bonding process and (2-3) the second outstanding material bonding process.On the other hand, in the second front travel, when from docking section J1 during towards hardware 1a side, the second outstanding material 3 is positioned at the left side that is engaged hardware 1, and due to the time point finishing in the first formal bonding process, the friction agitating device with formal joint throw G is positioned at the top of the second outstanding material 3, carries out successively (5-1) second outstanding material bonding process, (5-2) interim bonding process and (5-3) the first outstanding material bonding process from the second outstanding material 3 sides.So, because the displacement of the friction agitating device with interim joint throw F diminishes, can make operation laborsaving.
And, due to (5-1) second outstanding material bonding process, (5-2) interim bonding process and (5-3) the first outstanding material bonding process detailed description and the first front travel is roughly the same omits.
(5-4) lower hole forms operation
As shown in Fig. 9 (a), it is the starting position S that the friction in the second formal bonding process is stirred that lower hole forms operation
m2form the operation of lower hole P2., lower hole formation operation is the operation that forms lower hole P2 in the insertion precalculated position of the stirring pin G2 of formal joint throw G.By this, can reduce the formal insertion resistance (resistance of pressing in) engaging with the stirring pin G2 of throw G.
And (2-4) the lower hole formation operation that forms operation and the first front travel due to (5-4) lower hole is roughly the same, description is omitted.
(6) second formal bonding processs
The second formal bonding process is the real operation engaging of docking section J1 that makes the back surface B side that is engaged hardware 1.In the second formal bonding process of present embodiment, use formal joint to use throw G, to the docking section J1 in interim engagement state from being engaged the stirring that rubs of the back surface B side of hardware 1.
As shown in Fig. 9 (a) and Fig. 9 (b), in the second formal bonding process, the starting position S that is set in the back side 23 of the first outstanding material 2 with the stirring pin G2 insertion (being pressed into) of throw G will formally be engaged
m2, the stirring pin G2 of insertion does not depart from halfway and moves to end position E
m2.In the second formal bonding process, from the lower hole P2 stirring that starts to rub, and carry out continuously until end position E
m2.When making formally to engage while moving with throw G, the metal of the surrounding of its stirring pin G2 successively plastification flows, and from stirring the position that pin G2 departs from, the mobile metal of plastification underhardening and form plastification region (hereinafter referred to as " rear side plastification region W2 ") again.
At this, due to the time point finishing at the second front travel, the friction agitating device with interim joint throw F is positioned at the end position E of the first outstanding material 2
p2directly over (with reference to Fig. 8 (b)), therefore, as the starting position S of the second formal bonding process
m2while being set in the top of the first outstanding material 2, the friction agitating device with formal joint throw G does not move and just can carry out the second formal bonding process, can omit operation.
About the second formal bonding process, due to roughly the same with the first formal bonding process, description is omitted.And, although carry out in the present embodiment the second front travel, also can omit the second front travel and after the first formal bonding process, directly carry out the second formal bonding process.
(7) outstanding material excision operation
In outstanding material excision operation, the first outstanding material 2 and the second outstanding material 3 are excised from being engaged hardware 1.In the present embodiment, the hardware 1 that is engaged that finishes the second formal bonding process is removed from the stand of friction agitating device, used not shown cutting instrument along the outstanding material 2 of docking section J2, J3 excision first and the second outstanding material 3.
Figure 10 represents to give prominence to the stereogram that is engaged hardware 1 after material excision operation.As shown in figure 10, face side plastification region W1 and rear side plastification region W2 cross the second side D side and form continuously from the first side C.On the other hand, between relative face side plastification region W1 and rear side plastification region W2, form and cross the continuous small not plastification region j to the second side D side from the first side C side.
At this, in face side plastification region W1 and rear side plastification region W2, in formal direct of travel (reference arrow V1, the V2) left side engaging with throw G, on the second hardware 1b, produce and cross the continuous tunnel-shaped cavity blemish R to the second side D side from the first side C side
1, R
2.Tunnel-shaped cavity blemish R
1, R
2while stirring joint owing to rubbing, to produce burr, the tunnel-shaped cavity blemish that metal deficiency forms.
In addition, as shown in figure 10, oxide-film Z
1～Z
4be involved in the two ends of face side plastification region W1 and rear side plastification region W2.Oxide-film Z
1～Z
4because the inside that is formed at the oxide entrapment of the first side C, the second side D, the first outstanding material 2 and the second outstanding material 3 and is engaged hardware 1 forms.For example, oxide-film Z
1owing to making formal joint throw G do right rotation, will be formed at the oxide entrapment of the second side D and the first outstanding material 2, being easily formed at the second hardware 1b side of rear side plastification region W2.
(8) groove forms operation
As shown in figure 11, it is on the first side C and the second side D that groove forms operation, forms the operation of groove K along docking section J1.Groove K is the groove of the concavity of configuration joint member U in joint member arrangement step described later.Groove K uses known end mill method, with the width k stipulating
1, degree of depth k
2cross from back surface B that surfaces A forms continuously.
By groove K is set, carrying out configuring joint member U when joint member bonding process described later, and can remove oxide-film Z
1～Z
4(with reference to Figure 10).Be the width k of groove K
1and degree of depth k
2only need be corresponding to oxide-film Z
1～Z
4size (scope) and suitably set.In the present embodiment, the cross section of groove K is rectangular, but is not limited thereto, and other shape also can.For roughly seamlessly chimeric with joint member U, the cross sectional shape of groove K cross sectional shape best and joint member U is roughly the same.
(9) first repair by welding operations
Figure 12 is the top view that groove forms the first side C side after operation.As shown in figure 12, the first repair by welding operation is that the not plastification region j of the bottom surface kb to being exposed to groove K is by welding the operation of repairing.In addition, as shown in the embodiment, at tunnel-shaped cavity blemish R
1, R
2expose in the situation of bottom surface kb, preferably carry out the repairing of this tunnel-like cavity blemish.
As previously mentioned, in the present embodiment, on the kb of the bottom surface of groove K, between face side plastification region W1 and rear side plastification region W2, expose and have not plastification region j.In addition, on the kb of bottom surface, tunnel-like cavity blemish R
1and tunnel-like cavity blemish R
2be exposed to respectively face side plastification region W1 and rear side plastification region W2.
Therefore, by the total length of plastification region j is not welded and gap is sealed with weld metal T1.In addition, by tunnel-like cavity blemish R
1, R
2weld, utilize weld metal T2 closing gap.So, by the gap (space) that landfill exposes bottom surface kb in advance, can improve air-tightness and watertightness between the first side C and the second side D.
Welding kind in the first repair by welding operation does not have specific (special) requirements, but preferably after projection welding is carried out in the welding of MIG such as, TIG welding etc., by protruding from the jut excision of bottom surface kb of groove K, makes bottom surface kb level and smooth.By bottom surface kb is formed smoothly, when aftermentioned joint member U is disposed to groove K, can dwindle the gap of the bottom surface kb of joint member U and groove K.
And, owing to may forming in the inside of face side plastification region W1 and rear side plastification district W2 the cavity blemish that does not expose bottom surface kb, therefore, also can effects on surface side plastification region W1 and the whole surface of rear side plastification region W2 carry out preparatory repair by welding.
(10) the 3rd preparatory process
The 3rd preparatory process is the operation of carrying out before the first joint member bonding process.In the present embodiment, the 3rd preparatory process comprises: (10-1) the first joint member arrangement step that configures the first joint member U (U1) at groove K; Give prominence to (10-2) outstanding material arrangement step of material 3 at the outstanding material 2 of two sides configuration first and second that is engaged hardware 1; By weld the first outstanding material 2 with the second outstanding material 3 with (10-3) welding sequence temporarily temporarily that be engaged hardware 1 and engage; And be engaged hardware operation is set disposing being engaged of outstanding material (10-4) that hardware 1 is arranged at the stand of friction agitating device.
(10-1) the first joint member arrangement step
As shown in FIG. 13 and 14, the first joint member arrangement step is the operation that the first joint member U1 is disposed to the groove K that is formed at the first side C.Below, the structure of the first joint member U1 is described in detail.
As shown in figure 13, the first joint member U1 is the tabular component that cross section is rectangle, and the both ends of the surface of length direction flush with surfaces A and back surface B.As shown in Figure 14 (a), the width u of the first joint member U1
1width k with groove K
1roughly the same, the thickness u of the first joint member U1
2thickness k with groove K
2roughly the same.In addition, side uc, the ud of the first joint member U1 and wall kc, the kd of groove K dock and configure.
, as shown in Figure 14 (a) and Figure 14 (b), the upper surface ua of the first joint member U1 flushes with the first side C, and forms the first docking section J4 at the side uc of the first joint member U1 and the wall kc of groove K.In addition, form the second docking section J5 at the side ud of the first joint member U1 and the wall kd of groove K., the first docking section J4 is the part being formed by the first joint member U1 and the first hardware 1a.In addition, the second docking section J5 is the part being formed by the first joint member U1 and the second hardware 1b.In addition, form boundary portion J6 by the lower surface ub of the first joint member U1 and the bottom surface kb of groove K.In addition, at the upper surface ua of the first joint member U1, using the part of the center line that comprises length direction as central portion J7.
And, although in the present embodiment, the first joint member U1 is made up of the hardware identical with being engaged hardware 1, but is not limited thereto, for example also can be aluminium, aluminium alloy, copper, copper alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, magnesium, magnesium alloy etc. can rub stir metal material.
(10-2) outstanding material arrangement step
As shown in Figure 15 (a), in outstanding material arrangement step, the outstanding material 2 of the configuration of the face side plastification region W1 in A first, makes its bearing surface 21 be connected to surfaces A surfacewise.And material 3 is given prominence in the rear side plastification region W2 configuration second in back surface B, makes its bearing surface 31 be connected to back surface B.
And although do not illustrate particularly, the surface of the first outstanding material 2 and the second outstanding material 3 flushes with the first side C that is engaged hardware 1.In addition, the first outstanding material 2 flushes with the second side D that is engaged hardware 1 with the back side of the second outstanding material 3.By the first outstanding material 2 and the second outstanding material 3 are added in being engaged hardware 1, can easily set the starting position (insertion position) of throw, and can promptly rub and stir joint.
(10-3) interim welding sequence
As shown in Figure 15 (a), in interim welding sequence, to welding with bight, inner side 2a, 2b that the first outstanding material 2 forms by being engaged hardware 1, thereby give prominence to material 2 and engage being temporarily engaged hardware 1 and first.In addition, to welding by being engaged bight, inner side 3a, the 3b that hardware 1 and the second outstanding material 3 form, thereby give prominence to material 3 and engage being temporarily engaged hardware 1 and second.
(10-4) be engaged hardware operation is set
As shown in Figure 15 (a), arrange in operation being engaged hardware, be arranged on the stand of not shown friction agitating device being engaged hardware, so that the first side C is positioned at upper surface, and from overlooking direction, the first outstanding material 2 is positioned at left side.
And, in the 3rd preparatory process, carry out as described above in the present embodiment, but for example also can carry out the first joint member arrangement step after operation is set being engaged hardware.
(11) first joint member bonding processs
As shown in Figure 15 and Figure 16, the first joint member bonding process be the first joint member U1 to being disposed at the first side C rub stir engage operation.In the present embodiment, the first joint member bonding process comprises: rub and stir (11-1) the first docking bonding process engaging along the first docking section J4; Rub and stir (11-2) central portion bonding process engaging along central portion J7; And rub and stir (11-3) the second docking section bonding process engaging along the second docking section J5.
The first joint member bonding process is to end position, throw not to be departed from from starting position to rub and stir the operation engaging with continuous track.And, in the first joint member bonding process, use the little relatively effectively interim joint throw that rotates.In the present embodiment, make interim joint with throw F do dextrorotation then rub to stir to engage.
(11-1) the first docking section bonding process
The first docking section bonding process is the surperficial starting position S from being formed at the first outstanding material 2
m3along the first docking section J4 to a f that turns back
2till rub stir engage operation.At starting position S
m3pushing is interim to be engaged with after throw F, makes the interim starting point f towards the first docking section bonding process with throw F that engages
1relatively move.Then, at starting point f
1do not depart from and according to this state cross docking section J8, move to a f that turns back
2.Using the plastification region forming in the first docking section bonding process as the first plastification region, side w
1.
At this, as shown in Figure 15 (b), the first side plastification region w
1degree of depth wa and the thickness u of the first joint member U1
2preferably set wa>u for
2.By this, can cross the first docking section J4 thickness direction total length and rub stir engage.
And, interim joint with the depth of burying p of throw F to stir the length L of pin F2
2be expressed as p=L with interim joint with the amount of the being pressed into q (distance from the first side C to the lower surface of shoulder F1) of throw F
2+ q.For example, the thickness u of depth of burying p and the first joint member U1
2if relation set p≤u for
2, can rub more reliably to stir engages.
In addition, as shown in Figure 15 (b), the interim external diameter X engaging with the shoulder F1 of throw F
1width u with the first joint member U1
1relation be preferably set as 3 × X
1>u
1.By this setting, can rub to stir to the whole surface of the upper surface ua of the first joint member U1 engages.
In the present embodiment, a f that turns back
2be set in the first joint member U1., see from overlooking direction a f that turns back
2be positioned at rear side plastification region W2, from back surface B to a f that turns back
2distance d
1with the interim external diameter X engaging with the shoulder F1 of throw F
1the relation of (with reference to Fig. 4 (a)) is preferably set X for
1/ 2<d
1.By a f that will turn back
2set like this, make interim joint throw F can not touch back surface B.By this, owing to being formed at the oxide entrapment first joint member U1 side of back surface B, therefore can form air-tightness and watertightness high be engaged hardware 1.
In addition, in the present embodiment, although a f that turns back
2be located at and be engaged in hardware 1, but be not limited thereto, also can be located at the second outstanding material 3.
(11-2) central portion bonding process
Central portion bonding process is the starting point f from central portion bonding process
3a f that turns back along central portion J7 to central portion bonding process
4rub continuously and stir the operation engaging.,, after the first docking section bonding process finishes, make interim joint throw F not depart from and move substantially in parallel with back surface B, from a f that turns back
2to starting point f
3rub to stir and engage.Then, arrive starting point f
3afterwards, rub and stir joint along central portion J7 (docking section J1).By this, at the middle body of the first joint member U1, can rub to stir engages.
In addition, as shown in Figure 15 (b), the first side plastification region w forming in central portion bonding process
2degree of depth wa set for than the thickness u of the first joint member U
2also large.And, the starting point f of setting central portion bonding process
3make it see and be positioned at rear side plastification region W2 from overlooking direction, set a f that turns back
4make it see and be positioned at face side plastification region W1 from overlooking direction.By this, rub to stir and engage, closing gap more reliably owing to crossing not the total length of plastification region j.
In the present embodiment, a f that turns back for central portion bonding process
4be set in the first joint member U1.A, f that turns back
4see and be set in face side plastification region W1, from surfaces A to a f that turns back from overlooking direction
4distance d
2with the interim external diameter X engaging with the shoulder F1 of throw F
1the preferably X of relation of (with reference to Fig. 4 (a))
1/ 2<d
2.By a setting like this f that turns back
4, make interim joint throw F cannot touch surfaces A.By this, due to oxide entrapment the first joint member U1 side forming in surfaces A, therefore can form air-tightness and watertightness high be engaged hardware 1.
(11-3) the second docking section bonding process
The second docking section bonding process is the starting point f from the second docking section
5along the second docking section J5 to end position E
m3stir and rub continuously the operation engaging.,, after central portion bonding process finishes, make interim joint throw F not depart from and move substantially in parallel with surfaces A, from a f that turns back
4to starting point f
5till rub stir engage.Arrive starting point f
5afterwards, rub and stir joint along the second docking section J5.Then, at the terminal f that arrives the second docking section bonding process
6afterwards, state crosses docking section J9 and moves to end position E according to this
m3, interim joint throw F is departed from from the second outstanding material 3.
As shown in Figure 15 (b), the first side plastification region w forming in the second docking section bonding process
3degree of depth wa than the thickness u of the first joint member
2also large.By this, can cross the second docking section J5 thickness direction total length and rub stir engage.
From overlooking direction, in above-mentioned the first joint member bonding process, form as the track of Figure 16., the first joint member U1 except the part at the two ends of the first joint member U1 by the first side plastification region w
1～w
3institute covers.In addition,, as shown in Figure 15 (b), the whole cross section of the first joint member U1 is at the first side plastification region w
1～w
3stirring rubs.
In the first joint member bonding process, as in the embodiment described in, be formed at the bottom surface kb of groove K and the boundary portion J6 of ub below the first joint member U preferably can be crossed whole rub outwardly stir engage.By this, because the bottom surface kb of groove K is surveyed plastification region w by face side plastification region W1, rear side plastification region W2 and the first side
1～w
3friction is stirred, therefore, and energy gapless and the reliably J1 of closed and butted portion.
And, as shown in Figure 14 (b), the width k of groove K
1be preferably formed as k with the width n of rear side plastification region W2
1<n.By this, due to the width u of the first joint member U1
1can set for littlely, therefore can improve operating efficiency.
That is, in the present embodiment, due to the width u of the first joint member U1
1with the interim external diameter X engaging with the shoulder F1 of throw F
1relation be rub and stir joints with three times (back and forth once half), but be not limited thereto, at the width u of the first joint member U
1external diameter X with shoulder
1the approaching situation of length under, also can carry out once or secondary.
On the other hand, at the width u of the first joint member U
1external diameter X with shoulder
1length difference become in large situation, also can carry out more than four times.In addition, not necessarily carry out with the track of straight line, rub to stir to engage with jagged track and also can.
(12) the 4th preparatory process
The 4th preparatory process is the operation of carrying out before the second joint member bonding process.In the present embodiment, the 4th preparatory process comprises: (12-1) the second joint member arrangement step that the second joint member U (U2) is disposed to groove K; (12-2) that hardware 1 is arranged at friction agitating device that be engaged that disposes the second joint member U2 is engaged to hardware operation is set.Due to the 4th preparatory process and the 3rd preparatory process roughly the same, therefore explain simply.
(12-1) the second joint member arrangement step
First, after the first joint member bonding process finishes, the hardware 1 that is engaged being fixed on the stand of not shown friction agitating device is pulled down,, the second joint member U2 is disposed to the groove K that is formed at the second side D by the second side D side upward.
(12-2) be engaged hardware operation is set
Then, as shown in figure 17, seeing be engaged hardware 1 in the situation that from overlooking direction, be arranged on not shown friction agitating device being engaged hardware 1, make the second outstanding material 3 be disposed at left side, the first outstanding material 2 is disposed at right side.
And, also can be engaged after hardware arranges operation carrying out (12-2), carry out (12-1) second joint member arrangement step.
(13) second joint member bonding processs
As shown in figure 17, the second joint member bonding process is the operation that rubs on the second joint member U2 that is disposed at the second side D and stir.In the present embodiment, the second joint member bonding process comprises: to the second docking section J5 ' rub stir (13-1) second docking section bonding process; Central portion J7 is rubbed and stirs (13-2) central portion bonding process engaging; The first docking section J4 ' is rubbed and stirs (13-3) the first docking section bonding process engaging.
As shown in figure 17, in the second joint member bonding process, from being set in the surperficial starting position S of the first outstanding material 2
m4to the surperficial end position E that is set in the second outstanding material 3
m4till, interim joint throw F is not departed from and rubs to stir with continuous path to engage.
When the time point finishing in the first joint member bonding process is seen jointing metal member 1 from overlooking direction, not shown friction agitating device is disposed at the right side that is engaged hardware 1.Therefore, the starting position S of the second joint member bonding process
m4preferably be set in the surface of the second outstanding material 3.By this, can omit the action of friction agitating device and improve operating efficiency.
Due to (13-1) second docking section bonding process, (13-2) central portion bonding process and (13-3) the first docking section bonding process be respectively above-mentioned (11-3) second docking section bonding process, (11-2) central portion bonding process and (11-1) the first docking section bonding process operation stirring that rubs from opposition side, therefore omit detailed explanation.And the plastification region forming in the second joint member bonding process is respectively the second side plastification region w
1'～w
3'.
(14) outstanding material excision operation
In outstanding material excision operation, the first outstanding material 2 and the second outstanding material 3 are excised from being engaged hardware 1.In the present embodiment, the hardware 1 that is engaged after the second joint member bonding process is finished takes off from the stand of friction agitating device, uses not shown cutting instrument the first outstanding material 2 and the second outstanding material 3 to be excised with the docking section J9 that is engaged hardware 1 along the first outstanding material 2 and the docking section J8 and the second outstanding material 3 that are engaged hardware 1.
(14) second repair by welding operations
The second repair by welding operation is the first plastification region, side w to forming in the first joint member bonding process and the second joint member bonding process
1, w
3and at the second side plastification region w
1' and w
3' form tunnel-like cavity blemish and oxide-film by welding the operation of repairing.
That is, as shown in figure 18, may be at the first side plastification region w
1surfaces A, form continuous tunnel-like cavity blemish r from surfaces A to back surface B side
1.Therefore, by tunnel-like cavity blemish r
1weld with weld metal T
3sealing tunnel-like cavity blemish r
1, and can broken surface A and back surface B.
In addition, at the first plastification region, side w of surfaces A
1in, may cross surfaces A with throw F by interim joint and form oxide-film z
1.Therefore, by oxide-film z
1weld, with weld metal T
4sealing oxide-film z
1space.
So, by the first side plastification region w
1the tunnel-like cavity blemish r of welding exposing surface A
1and oxide-film z
1and seal, thereby can form air-tightness and watertightness higher be engaged hardware 1.And, at the first side plastification region w
3, the second side plastification region w
1', the second side plastification region w
3' in, also can form tunnel-like cavity blemish and oxide-film.In this case, survey plastification region w with the first side
1can carry out equally respectively the second repair by welding operation.
And, as shown in figure 18, in the first joint member U1, also can weld docking section J5 and boundary portion J6, thus the gap of sealing the second docking section J5 and boundary portion J6.By this, can form air-tightness and watertightness higher be engaged hardware 1.
As described above, according to the joint method of present embodiment, by forming groove K at the first side C and the second side D that are engaged hardware 1, can remove the oxide-film Z that may be involved in the side that is engaged hardware 1
1～Z
4.In addition, by joint member U being disposed to the not plastification region j, the cavity blemish R that expose groove K (being formed at the first side C and the second side D)
1and R
2, and the first docking section J4, the central portion J7 of butt joint member U and groove K and the second docking section J5 rub to stir and engage, and can seal not plastification region j, cavity blemish R
1and R
2.By this, can improve air-tightness and watertightness between the both sides that are engaged hardware 1, and can make high-quality product.
In addition, in the present embodiment, because the both ends of the surface of joint member U flush with surfaces A and back surface B, therefore can disconnect reliably the tunnel-like cavity blemish R of the bottom surface kb that exposes groove K
1, R
2, and can make the surfaces A and the back surface B that are engaged hardware 1 form flat condition.In addition, stir and engage by rubbing via joint member U, can improve the bond strength of docking section J1.
Although above embodiments of the present invention are described, the present invention is not limited to aforesaid way, can do suitable change.For example, in the present embodiment, although joint member bonding process is carried out in the two sides of the first side C and the second side D, also can carry out joint member bonding process to the side of either side.In addition, process sequence just illustrates, also change order suitably.
In addition, as shown in figure 19, also can be according to the width u of joint member U '
1with the interim external diameter X engaging with the shoulder F1 of throw F
1relation, the first docking section J4 and the second docking section J5 are only carried out to secondary friction and stir and engage.By this, owing to reducing operation, can more promptly engage.
In addition, in the present embodiment, although use the first outstanding material 2 and the second outstanding material 3, do not use these members can rub yet and stir joint.
Embodiment two
Then, embodiments of the present invention two are described.
As shown in figure 20, the feature of the joint method of embodiment two is, making to dock by the first hardware 1a and the second hardware 1b the surfaces A that is engaged hardware 1 and the back surface B that form is stirred and is engaged by friction, and to being engaged the two sides of hardware 1, inserting after repairing member 201～203, stir and engage by friction along this repairing member 201～203.
Due to the first hardware 1a in the joint method of embodiment two, the second hardware 1b, to be engaged hardware 1, the first outstanding material 2 and the second outstanding material 3 roughly the same with embodiment one, and the description thereof will be omitted.
Below, describe the joint method of present embodiment in detail.The joint method of present embodiment comprises that (1) first preparatory process, (2) first front travels, (3) first formal bonding processs, (4) second preparatory process, (5) second front travels, (6) second formal bonding processs, (7) outstanding material excision operation, (8) repairing member insert operation, (9) the first formal bonding processs in side, (10) the second formal bonding processs in side.Owing to giving prominence to from (1) first preparatory process to (7), material excision operation and embodiment one are roughly the same, and description is omitted.
(8) repair member and insert operation
As shown in figure 21, repairing member, to insert operation be the operation that each repairing member is inserted in side to being engaged hardware 1.In the present embodiment, repairing member insertion operation comprises: at tunnel-like cavity blemish R
1, R
2the slotted eye that forms slotted eye 212,213 forms operation; The recess that forms recess 211 at plastification region j not forms operation; And the repairing member of each repairing member insertion slotted eye 212,213 and recess 211 is inserted to operation.
As shown in figure 22, form in operation at slotted eye, at the tunnel-like cavity blemish R that comes across the first side C and the second side D (diagram is omitted)
1, R
2surrounding be cut to the degree of depth of regulation and form slotted eye 212,213 in known end mill mode etc.Slotted eye 212,213 is approximate same size in the present embodiment.Although it is cylindric that slotted eye 212,213 forms, its shape indefinite.
And, even if tunnel-like cavity blemish R1, R2 do not appear at the first side C and the second side D (not exposing), because cavity blemish is sometimes present in inside, also can form slotted eye 212,213 in the appropriate location of the second hardware 1b side of the face side plastification region W1 of the first side C and the second side D and rear side plastification region W2.
As shown in Figure 21 and Figure 22, recess formation operation is the surrounding of the not plastification region j to coming across the first side C and the second side D forms recess 211 operation with cuttings such as known end mills.In the present embodiment, recess 211 is seen and is oval shape from overlooking direction, and forms with the degree of depth of regulation.Although the shape of recess 211 indefinite, be preferably in the not total length of plastification region j and form continuously, and overlapping with face side plastification region W1 and rear side plastification region W2.And in the present embodiment, the degree of depth of recess 211 is identical with the degree of depth of slotted eye 212,213.
And, as shown in Figure 22 (b), preferably make from docking section J1 to tunnel-like cavity blemish R
1the distance at center and the long limit 211a of a side from docking section J1 to recess 211 till distance roughly equal.By this, in the formal bonding process in side described later, can make the path shape of friction stirring in line.
As shown in figure 22, repairing in member insertion operation, the first blank part repairing member 202, the second blank part are repaired to member 203 and inserted slotted eye 212,213, and recess repaired to member 201 and insert recess 211.The first blank part is repaired member 202 and the second blank part and is repaired member 203 and be engaged hardware 1 and have identical composition, and roughly the same with the shape of slotted eye 212,213.By this, the first blank part is repaired member 202, the second blank part is repaired member 203 and is substantially seamlessly disposed at slotted eye 212,213.
In addition, recess is repaired member 201 and is engaged hardware 1 for identical composition, and roughly the same with the shape of recess 211.By this, recess is repaired member 201 and is substantially seamlessly disposed at recess 211.
And, although repairing the surface of member 201, the first blank part repairing member 202 and the second blank part repairing member 203, recess flushes with the first side C, and indefinite, the thickness that also can increase each member makes each member outstanding from the first side C.In addition, although in explanation take the first side C as example, also can similarly carry out slotted eye at the second side D and form operation, recess and form operation and repair member and insert operation.
(9) the first formal bonding processs in side
As shown in figure 23, in the first formal bonding process in side, the first side C is used to the interim stirring that rubs with throw F that engages.The first formal bonding process in side comprises: be engaged hardware 1 and configure the outstanding material arrangement step of a pair of outstanding material; To second blank part repair member 203 rub stir second blank part repair member rub agitating procedure; Recess is repaired to the rub recess that stirs of member 201 and the docking section J2 that is engaged hardware 1 and repair the member agitating procedure that rubs; And to first blank part repair member 202 rub stir first blank part repair member rub agitating procedure.
In outstanding material arrangement step, being engaged the outstanding material 4 of back surface B configuration first of hardware 1, at the outstanding material 5 of surfaces A configuration second.The both ends of the surface of the first outstanding material 4 and the second outstanding material 5 flush with the second side D (diagram is omitted) with the first side C that is engaged hardware 1.In addition, by welding temporarily and engage with the first outstanding material 4 and the second outstanding material 5 being engaged hardware 1.
As shown in Figure 23 (a), repair in member friction agitating procedure at the second blank part, the second blank part is repaired to member 203 stirring that rubs.In the present embodiment, the starting position S that is set in the first outstanding material 4 with throw F insertion will be engaged temporarily
m3enter the first outstanding material 4 in the entirety that stirs pin F2, and after the Surface Contact of the whole surface of the lower surface F11 of shoulder F1 and the first outstanding material 4, relatively move towards being engaged hardware 1 side, in addition, crossing docking section J4 repairs on member 203 and moves at the second blank part.
At this, as shown in Figure 23 (b), the first side plastification region W3 forming in the first formal bonding process in side is preferably formed as the second blank part and repairs member 203 and be all contained in the inside of the first side plastification region W3.By this, the second blank part is repaired member 203 and is all rubbed and stir with the bottom surface of slotted eye 213 and the docking section of side (interface), thereby can seal reliably tunnel-like cavity blemish R
2.
Interim engage repair member 203 with throw F by the second blank part after, state moves to recess and repairs member friction agitating procedure according to this.Repair in member friction agitating procedure the periphery of repairing member 201 along the recess stirring that rubs continuously at recess.The docking section J20b that docking section J20a, the first hardware 1a that, repairs member 201 along the second hardware 1b and recess and recess are repaired member 201 makes interim joint relatively move and the stirring that rubs with throw F.Because the degree of depth of the depth ratio recess 211 of the first side plastification region W3 is large, the total length of the depth direction that stirs docking section J20 of therefore rubbing.
As shown in Figure 23 (c), the periphery that makes interim joint throw F repair member 201 along recess moves a circle, after the friction stirring to docking section J20a and docking section J20b finishes, interim joint throw F is not departed from, and according to this state once again along the docking section J20a stirring that rubs, repair on member 202 and move at the first blank part, repair member friction agitating procedure and move to the first blank part.Although there is no concrete diagram, the first side plastification region W3 forming in the first formal bonding process in side preferably comprises the first blank part and repairs the whole of member 202., the first blank part is repaired member 202 and the bottom surface of slotted eye 212 and the docking section of side preferably by friction stirring.By this, can seal reliably tunnel-like cavity blemish R
1end.
Then, interim engage repair on member 202 with throw F by the first cavity after, state crosses docking section J5 according to this, at the end position E that is set in the second outstanding material 5
m3make the interim disengaging with throw F that engages.
And, in the present embodiment, although only recess is repaired to the stirring that rubs of the periphery of member 201, be not limited thereto the stirring that rubs of the whole surface that also can repair member 201 to recess.Now, the docking section that preferably bottom surface to recess 211 and recess are repaired member 201 stirring that all rubs.By this, can further improve watertightness and air-tightness.
In addition, repair member friction agitating procedure at the first blank part, the second blank part is repaired in member friction agitating procedure, due to the first blank part repair diameter that member 202 and the second blank part repair member 203 than the width of the first side plastification region W3 (with the interim external diameter X that engages the shoulder F1 that uses throw F
1roughly equal) also little, repair member 202 and the second blank part with throw F by the first blank part and repair member 203 stirring that rubs to engage temporarily.But, in the case of the first blank part repair diameter that member 202 and the second blank part repair member 203 also large than the external diameter of the shoulder of throw, also can make throw repair member 202 and the second blank part along the first blank part and repair the periphery of member 203 and move and the stirring that rubs.In addition, in this case, also can make throw back and forth and cross the first blank part and repair member 202 and the second blank part and repair the stirring that rubs of the whole surface of member 203.
(9) the second formal bonding processs in side
In the second formal bonding process in side, although diagram particularly is not used the interim stirring that rubs with throw F that engages to the second side D.The plastification region forming in the second formal bonding process in side is hereinafter referred to as the second side plastification region (diagram is omitted).Due to the second formal bonding process in side stirs except the second side D is rubbed, all the other and the formal bonding process in the first side are roughly the same, therefore omit its detailed explanation.And, in the present embodiment, as the formal bonding process in side, although carry out the formal bonding process of the first formal bonding process in side and the second side from being engaged the two sides of hardware 1, only carry out one of them.In addition,, in the formal bonding process in the side of present embodiment, although use interim joint to use throw F, also can use the throw of other size.
According to joint method described above, insert owing to recess being repaired to member 201 recess 211 that is formed at the side that is engaged hardware 1, therefore can seal not plastification region j.In addition,, due to the first blank part repairing member 202 and the second blank part repairing member 203 are inserted respectively to slotted eye 212,213, therefore can seal cavity blemish R
1, R
2end.Then, due in the formal bonding process in side, recess is repaired to member 201, the first cavity and repair member 202 and the second cavity and repair the stirring that rubs of member 203 and the docking section that is engaged hardware 1, therefore can improve the air-tightness and the watertightness that are engaged hardware 1.In addition,, because recess 211 is overlapping with face side plastification region W1 and rear side plastification region W2, therefore, the first side plastification region W3 and face side plastification region W1 and rear side plastic region region W2 can be overlapping.By this, because plastification region j (with reference to Fig. 8) not is all closed, therefore can further improve air-tightness and watertightness.
In addition,, due in the formal bonding process of the first formal bonding process in side and the second side, the temporary transient interim joint inserting does not depart from halfway with throw F and with the stirring that rubs of continuous track, therefore can improve workability.
At this, to tunnel-like cavity blemish R
1, R
2rub stir when, if do not use each repairing member, owing to being used for filling in tunnel-like cavity blemish R
1, R
2metal deficiency, the groove inevitably forming on the surface of the first side plastification region W3 may become large.But, as present embodiment, can make up the deficiency of metal by inserting the first cavity repairing member 202 and the second cavity repairing member 203.
Although above embodiments of the present invention are described, not departing from the scope of purport of the present invention, can do suitable change.And, in the following description, omit the explanation identical with embodiment two.
Embodiment three
Then, embodiments of the present invention three are described.
In embodiment two, recess is repaired to member 201, the first cavity repairing member 202 and the second cavity repairing member 203 and insert recess 211, slotted eye 212 and slotted eye 213, but as shown in embodiment three, for example also can be to recess 211, slotted eye 212,213 welds and carries out weld metal filling procedure.
Although without concrete diagram, in the 3rd embodiment, weld metal filling procedure comprises: the slotted eye that forms slotted eye at tunnel-like cavity blemish forms operation; The recess that forms recess in plastification region not forms operation; And by weld metal filling in the weld metal filling procedure of slotted eye and recess.Because slotted eye forms, operation and recess form operation and embodiment two is roughly the same, and therefore the description thereof will be omitted.
In weld metal filling procedure, carry out the such as projection welding such as TIG welding or MIG welding, only need be by weld metal filling in recess 211, slotted eye 212,213 (with reference to Figure 22).In addition,, in the formal bonding process in side, by recess 211, the stirring that all rubs of the boundary face of slotted eye 212,213 and above-mentioned weld metal, can improve the air-tightness and the watertightness that are engaged hardware 1.In addition,, due to the stirring that rubs of limit pushing weld metal limit, can further improve air-tightness and watertightness.
And, the in the situation that of embodiment two, carry out projection welding, preferably cut from the first side C (the second side D) outstanding weld metal and form smoothly the first side C (the second side D).In addition, also the repairing member in embodiment two capable of being combined inserts operation and engages with weld metal filling procedure in embodiment three.
In addition, for example also can, before recess forms operation, in the first side C and the second side D, use interim joint throw F to engage with the docking section that is engaged hardware 1 docking section J1 and outstanding material temporarily.In addition, be engaged the thickness attenuation of hardware 1, in the overlapping situation of face side plastification region W1 and rear side plastification region W2, can not using recess 211 and recess to repair member 201.
In addition, in the situation that face side plastification region W1 and rear side plastification region W2 are formed with oxide-film, preferably seal this oxide-film by welding, thereby improve the watertightness and the air-tightness that are engaged metal 1.
In addition, the situation of doing right rotation take throw in the present embodiment, as example is described, in the situation that making throw do anticlockwise, may form tunnel-like cavity blemish on the direct of travel right side of throw., can set suitably the region that rubs and stir according to the direction of rotation of throw and direct of travel.In addition, in the present embodiment, the periphery of cutting tunnel-like cavity blemish and form slotted eye, but be not limited to this, state is repaired member by blank part and is inserted in tunnel-like cavity blemish according to this.
Embodiment four
Then, embodiments of the present invention four are explained.
As shown in figure 24, the manufacture method of the joined structure of embodiment four is the manufacture methods that make the joined structure 1A that the end face of the first hardware 1a docks with the end face of the second hardware 1b, after the surfaces A of joined structure 1A and back surface B rub and stir and engage, rub and stir joint from the first side C and the second side D.
The manufacture method of the joined structure of present embodiment comprises: (1) first preparatory process, (2) first front travels, (3) first formal bonding processs, (4) second preparatory process, (5) second front travels, (6) second formal bonding processs, (7) outstanding material excision operation, (8) the 3rd formal bonding processs, (9) first repair procedure, (10) the 4th formal bonding processs, (11) second repair procedure.
And, till the outstanding material excision operation from (1) first preparatory process to (7), except the allocation position of the first hardware 1a and the second hardware 1b, all the other and embodiment one are roughly the same, therefore omit its detailed explanation.,, in embodiment four, as shown in figure 24, the second hardware 1b is disposed to front side, and the first hardware 1a is disposed to rear side.
At this, Figure 25 is after the second formal bonding process of representing embodiment four finishes, and removes the stereogram of the joined structure of the state of outstanding material.As shown in figure 25, after (7) of embodiment four outstanding material excision operation finishes, on the rear side plastification region W2 that the face side plastification region W1 forming in surfaces A side and back surface B side form, direct of travel V1, V2 along formal joint with throw G, cross the second side D from the first side C and produce continuous tunnel-like cavity blemish R1, R2.This cavity blemish R1, R2 are due in the time rubbing stirring, cause the filling metal deficiency in the gap of landfill docking section J1 to form owing to producing many places burr.
And, after the second formal bonding process finishes, be exposed to the each cavity blemish R1, the open end of R2 of two sides C, D of joined structure 1A, by carrying out the open end of the each cavity blemish R1 of projection welded closure, the R2 such as TIG welding or MIG welding, thereby can improve air-tightness and watertightness.
(8) the 3rd formal bonding processs
As shown in figure 27, the 3rd formal bonding process is the docking section J1 to the first hardware 1a and the second hardware 1b, rubs and stirs the operation engaging from the first side C of joined structure 1A.
The 3rd formal bonding process comprises: docking section J1 is carried out to the interim interim bonding process engaging; The lower hole that is pre-formed lower hole in the insertion precalculated position of the first throw forms operation; To docking section J1 from the first side C rub stir formal bonding process.
In the 3rd formal bonding process, after the second formal bonding process finishes, by joined structure 1A never illustrated friction agitating device temporarily take off, the first side C carries out interim bonding process under fixing state upward and again, lower hole forms operation and formal bonding process making.
As shown in the 26th figure, in interim bonding process, make interim joint with throw F from the starting position P5 of friction stirring of side 14a that is set in the first hardware 1a to till end position P6, move with the motion track that forms コ word shape, to the docking section J1 of the first hardware 1a and the second hardware 1b stirring that rubs.Particularly, from starting position P5, the seam of part, the first hardware 1a and the second hardware 1b by face side plastification region W1, the part of rear side plastification region W2 move to end position P6.
Afterwards, after joint arrives end position P6 with throw F temporarily, make interim joint make to stir pin F2 with liter on rotation limit, throw F limit and depart from from end position P6.
As shown in Figure 28 (a), it is in the formal operation that is pre-formed lower hole Q3 with the insertion precalculated position of throw G that engages that lower hole forms operation.Form in operation in lower hole, by interim joint is carried out to reaming with the punching that the stirring pin F2 of throw F forms in the time that end position P6 departs from drill bit, thus hole Q3 under forming on the end position P6 of side 14a that is set in the first hardware 1a.The object that this lower hole Q3 is set is to reduce the formal resistance of pressing in engaging with the stirring pin G2 of throw G.And the starting position P7 that end position P6 is the friction stirring of formal bonding process described later is stirred in the friction in the interim bonding process of present embodiment.
As shown in figure 27, formal bonding process is the rub operation of stirring of the docking section J1 of the first side C to exposing joined structure 1A.
First, as shown in Figure 28 (a), insert in the lower hole Q3 of starting position P7 of the side 14a that is formed at the first hardware 1a with the stirring pin G2 of throw G formally engaging, utilize the formal stirring that rubs with throw G that engages.Then, as shown in figure 27, make formal joint move to end position P8 with the motion track of コ word shape from the starting position P7 of the side 14a that is set in the first hardware 1a with throw G, to the docking section J1 of the first hardware 1a and the second hardware 1b stirring that rubs.
Particularly, from starting position P7 by the seam of end, the first hardware 1a and the second hardware 1b of the rear side plastification region W2 of back surface B side and the end of the face side plastification region W1 of surfaces A side and move to end position P8, thereby form the first side plastification region W3 of コ word shape at the first side C.Utilize the not plastification region between face side plastification region W1 and the rear side plastification region W2 of back surface B side of this first side plastification region W3 confining surface A side.
At this, in the first side plastification region W3 that is formed at the first side C, produce tunnel-like cavity blemish R3 along formal joint with the direct of travel V3 of throw G.As present embodiment, make formally to engage do right rotation with throw G in the situation that, be formed with cavity blemish R3 formal joint with the left side of the direct of travel V3 of throw G.That is, in the present embodiment, set the groove inner side of cavity blemish R3 corresponding to the motion track of コ word shape for, be formed with cavity blemish R3 in the groove inner side of the first side plastification region W3 that forms コ word shape.
Use throw G to arrive after end position P8 formal joint, make formal joint with rising on rotation limit, throw G limit make stirring pin G2 depart from end position P8.So, as shown in Figure 28 (b), when stir pin G2 end position P8 towards above while departing from, form and the punching Q4 that stirs the roughly the same shape of pin G2 at end position P8.
(9) first repair procedure
The first repair procedure comprises: in the 3rd formal bonding process, the filling hardware of filling the punching Q4 on the side 14a that is filled in the first hardware 1a with hardware h is inserted to operation (with reference to Figure 28 (b)); To joined structure 1A with fill with the docking section J4 of hardware h from the rub repairing bonding process (with reference to Figure 29) of stirring of the first side C; And in repairing bonding process, weld metal T is filled in and is formed at the repairing welding sequence (with reference to Figure 30) of filling with the surperficial punching Q5 of hardware h.
As shown in Figure 28 (b), fill with hardware insert operation be in the 3rd formal bonding process in the punching Q4 that formally engages the side 14a that is formed at the first hardware 1a while departing from throw G (with reference to Figure 28 (a)) the filling hardware h of insertion and punching Q4 same shape, thereby the operation of landfill punching Q4.In the present embodiment, use hardware h to form to fill with the metal material of joined structure 1A same composition, but as long as the metal material of the stirring that can rub.
As shown in figure 29, repairing in bonding process, to joined structure 1A with fill that docking section J4 use with hardware h is interim engages that stirring rubs with throw F (with reference to Fig. 4 (a)).
In repairing bonding process, by joined structure 1A with fill with setting the starting position P9 that friction is stirred in the seam of hardware h, the interim joint stirring pin F2 of throw F (with reference to Fig. 4 (a)) is entered, and along joined structure 1A and the seam of filling with hardware h, interim joint throw F is moved, thereby cross the all-round of docking section J4 and the stirring that rubs.
And, stir and engage the friction stirring of carrying out with above-mentioned each bonding process and engage roughly the samely owing to repairing friction in bonding process, therefore description is omitted.
In the present embodiment, cross docking section J4 all-round rub stir after, make the interim end position P10 (the end position P8 that the friction in the 3rd formal bonding process is stirred) that moves to the friction stirring on the surperficial center of being located at filling hardware h with throw F (with reference to Fig. 4 (a)) that engages, interim joint throw F is departed from from end position P10.So, make to stir pin F2 end position P10 towards above depart from, form and the punching Q5 (with reference to Figure 30) that stirs pin F2 roughly the same shape at end position P10.
At this, in the present embodiment, for to joined structure 1A with fill the stirring that rubs with the docking section J4 of hardware h, use the interim joint throw F using in interim bonding process, but do circle-shaped movement as long as its size can make to stir pin with filling by the seam of hardware h along joined structure 1A, also can use other throw.
As shown in figure 30, repairing in welding sequence, by carry out the projection welding such as MIG welding in the surperficial punching Q5 that is formed at filling hardware h, weld metal T is filled in punching Q5.
And, repair welding sequence and be not limited to MIG welding, also can carry out other known welding.In addition, welding material also can be different from joined structure 1A, are in the present embodiment to use identical material.
In addition, repairing in welding sequence, after being preferably in weld metal T being filled in to punching Q5, excision is than the also weld metal T of the part of projection of side 14a of the first hardware 1a.
(10) the 4th formal bonding processs
As shown in figure 31, the 4th formal bonding process is that the first hardware 1a is rubbed and stirs the operation engaging from the second side D of joined structure 1A with the docking section J1 of the second hardware 1b.
The 4th formal bonding process comprises: docking section J1 is carried out to the interim interim bonding process engaging; In the formal lower hole formation operation that is pre-formed lower hole with the insertion precalculated position of throw G (with reference to Fig. 4 (b)) that engages; And to docking section J1 rub stir formal bonding process.
In the 4th formal bonding process, after the first repair procedure finishes, by joined structure 1A never illustrated friction agitating device temporarily take off, make the second side D upward and again under fixing state, carry out interim bonding process, lower hole forms operation and formal bonding process.Because the each operation in the 4th formal bonding process is identical with the each operation in the 3rd formal bonding process, therefore the description thereof will be omitted.And the plastification region forming in the 4th formal bonding process is the second side plastification region W4.
(11) second repair procedure
As shown in figure 31, the second repair procedure comprises: the filling hardware of filling with hardware h is filled in the punching Q6 of the side 15a that is formed at the first hardware 1a in the 4th formal bonding process is inserted to operation; To joined structure 1A with fill with the docking section J5 of hardware h rub stirring repairing bonding process; Weld metal T is filled in to the repairing welding sequence that is formed at the surperficial punching Q7 of filling hardware h in bonding process repairing.And because the each operation in the second repair procedure is identical with each operation of the first repair procedure, therefore the description thereof will be omitted.
As shown in figure 24, form by above each operation the joined structure 1A that engages the end face of the first hardware 1a and the end face of the second hardware 1b.
As shown in figure 30, according to the manufacture method of the joined structure of present embodiment, in the first repair procedure and the second repair procedure by filling the punching Q4, the Q6 that are filled in interim joint use throw F with hardware h, thereby landfill is formed at punching Q4, the Q6 of the end position of friction stirring in the 3rd formal bonding process and the 4th formal bonding process, therefore can prevent the strength decreased of the bonding station being caused by punching Q4, Q6.,, in the 3rd formal bonding process and the 4th formal bonding process, can on joined structure 1A, set the end position that friction is stirred.By this, owing to can omit the outstanding material of the end position for setting friction stirring in the 3rd formal bonding process and the 4th formal bonding process, therefore can reduce the process number that engages operation.
In addition, in the first repair procedure and the second repair procedure, the landfill punching by punching Q5, Q7 that weld metal T filling is formed in the time that interim joint departs from throw F, therefore can prevent the strength decreased of the bonding station causing due to punching Q5, Q7, and bonding station can be trimmed to smooth.
In addition, as shown in Figure 1, by making to form at the two sides of joined structure 1A C, D face side plastification region W1, the rear side plastification forming in the part of the first side plastification region W3, the second side plastification region W4 of docking section J1 and the first formal bonding process and the second formal bonding process, region W2 is overlapping, thereby seal reliably the seam of the first hardware 1a and the second hardware 1b at the two sides of joined structure 1A C, D, therefore can improve air-tightness and the watertightness at hardware 1a, 1b junction surface each other.
In addition, before each bonding process, by the first hardware 1a is engaged with the docking section J1 of the second hardware 1b temporarily, throw G is pressed into docking section J1, thereby can prevents cracking of docking section J1, can carry out better each bonding process.
In addition, in each bonding process, by being pre-formed lower hole, the resistance of pressing in can reduce throw G press-fit joint structure thing 1A time at formal joint with the insertion precalculated position of throw G.By this, can improve friction and stir the precision engaging, and can promptly engage operation.
In addition, as shown in Figure 27 and Figure 31, in the 3rd formal bonding process and the 4th formal bonding process, set for while moving to end position by docking section J1 with the motion track of コ word shape in the starting position that formally joint throw G stirs from friction, formal joint uses the direct of travel left side of throw G corresponding to the groove inner side of the motion track of コ word shape.In this structure, cavity blemish is formed at the groove inner side of the first side plastification region W3 of コ word shape, compared with the groove outside of the first side plastification region W3 that is formed at コ word shape with cavity blemish, due to the Distance Shortened of cavity blemish, can improve air-tightness and the watertightness at hardware 1a, 1b junction surface each other.
Above, embodiments of the present invention are described, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, in the scope that does not depart from its purport, can does suitable design alteration.
For example, in the manufacture method of present embodiment, also can make in the first formal bonding process, to be formed at the face side plastification region W1 of surfaces A overlapping with the rear side plastification region W2 that is formed at back surface B in the second formal bonding process.In this structure, because plastification is to the inside of joined structure 1A, therefore can improve air-tightness and the watertightness at the junction surface of the first hardware 1a and the second hardware 1b.
In addition,, in the 3rd formal bonding process, the first side plastification region W3 that also can make the first side C that is formed at joined structure 1A is overlapping with the second side plastification region W4 of the second side D that is formed at joined structure 1A.In this structure, because plastification is to the inside of joined structure 1A, therefore can improve air-tightness and the watertightness at the junction surface of the first hardware 1a and the second hardware 1b.
In addition, as shown in figure 27, in the present embodiment, owing to making formal joint throw G do right rotation, set and formal engage the groove inner side corresponding to the motion track of コ word shape with the left side of the direct of travel of throw G, but shown in figure 32, make formally to engage do anticlockwise with throw G in the situation that, because cavity blemish R4 is formed at the right side of direct of travel V4, set the formal groove inner side corresponding to the motion track of コ word shape with the direct of travel right side of throw G that engages.So, even if make formally to engage do anticlockwise with throw G in the situation that, cavity blemish R4 also can be formed at the groove inner side of the first side plastification region W3 of コ word shape.
Claims (7)
1. a joint method, makes throw dock with the second hardware with respect to the first hardware and the hardware that is engaged that forms moves and the stirring that rubs, and it is characterized in that, comprising:
To the docking section of described the first hardware and described the second hardware, the first formal bonding process that rubs from the described surface that is engaged hardware and stir;
The the second formal bonding process stirring rubs from the described back side that is engaged hardware to described docking section;
In the described side that is engaged hardware, the cavity blemish forming at least one party in the face side plastification region that court forms in the described first formal bonding process and the rear side plastification region forming in the described second formal bonding process, inserts the blank part of blank part repairing member and repairs member insertion operation; And
To described docking section, the formal bonding process in side that rubs in the described side that is engaged hardware and stir,
In the formal bonding process in described side, to the stirring that rubs of the not plastification region between described face side plastification region and described rear side plastification region, and to the docking section that at least one party in described face side plastification region and described rear side plastification region and described blank part the are repaired member stirring that rubs.
2. joint method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described blank part is repaired member insertion operation and is comprised: in the described side that is engaged hardware, to being formed at that the surrounding of at least one party's cavity blemish in described face side plastification region and described rear side plastification region cuts and the slotted eye that forms slotted eye forms operation, described blank part is repaired to member and insert in described slotted eye.
3. joint method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in the formal bonding process in described side, described throw moves with continuous path.
4. joint method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the described throw using in the formal bonding process in described side is also less than the throw using in the described first formal bonding process and the described second formal bonding process.
5. joint method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, comprise interim bonding process, this operation before at least one operation, engages described docking section carrying out in the described first formal bonding process, the described second formal bonding process and the formal bonding process in side temporarily.
6. joint method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises outstanding material bonding process, in this operation, at a pair of outstanding material of the both sides of described docking section configuration, and make described outstanding material with described in be engaged hardware docking section engage.
7. joint method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, on the insertion precalculated position of the described throw using in the described first formal bonding process, the formal bonding process of the described second formal bonding process and described side, is pre-formed lower hole.
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007210364A JP2009039780A (en) | 2007-08-10 | 2007-08-10 | Joining method |
| JP2007-210364 | 2007-08-10 | ||
| JP2008002848A JP2009160638A (en) | 2008-01-10 | 2008-01-10 | Joining method |
| JP2008-002848 | 2008-01-10 | ||
| JP2008030590A JP2009190044A (en) | 2008-02-12 | 2008-02-12 | Method of manufacturing joint structure |
| JP2008-030590 | 2008-02-12 |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2008801013336A Division CN101772394B (en) | 2007-08-10 | 2008-07-08 | Joining method and method for manufacturing joined structure |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102794560A CN102794560A (en) | 2012-11-28 |
| CN102794560B true CN102794560B (en) | 2014-06-25 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210285007.3A Active CN102814589B (en) | 2007-08-10 | 2008-07-08 | Joining method and method for manufacturing joined structure |
| CN2008801013336A Active CN101772394B (en) | 2007-08-10 | 2008-07-08 | Joining method and method for manufacturing joined structure |
| CN201110238881.7A Expired - Fee Related CN102430854B (en) | 2007-08-10 | 2008-07-08 | Method for manufacturing joined structure |
| CN201210284987.5A Active CN102794560B (en) | 2007-08-10 | 2008-07-08 | Joining method and method for manufacturing joined structure |
Family Applications Before (3)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201210285007.3A Active CN102814589B (en) | 2007-08-10 | 2008-07-08 | Joining method and method for manufacturing joined structure |
| CN2008801013336A Active CN101772394B (en) | 2007-08-10 | 2008-07-08 | Joining method and method for manufacturing joined structure |
| CN201110238881.7A Expired - Fee Related CN102430854B (en) | 2007-08-10 | 2008-07-08 | Method for manufacturing joined structure |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| KR (2) | KR101145447B1 (en) |
| CN (4) | CN102814589B (en) |
| TW (2) | TWI385044B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2009022507A1 (en) |
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| KR20150044975A (en) | 2011-08-19 | 2015-04-27 | 니폰게이긴조쿠가부시키가이샤 | Friction stir welding method |
| JP6047951B2 (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2016-12-21 | スズキ株式会社 | Friction stir welding method of metal material and metal material joined body |
| JP5794290B2 (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2015-10-14 | 日本軽金属株式会社 | Joining method |
| WO2015107716A1 (en) * | 2014-01-14 | 2015-07-23 | 日本軽金属株式会社 | Method of manufacturing liquid-cooled jacket |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TWI385044B (en) | 2013-02-11 |
| TWI408022B (en) | 2013-09-11 |
| CN102794560A (en) | 2012-11-28 |
| CN101772394A (en) | 2010-07-07 |
| CN102430854A (en) | 2012-05-02 |
| TW200906525A (en) | 2009-02-16 |
| KR20100053634A (en) | 2010-05-20 |
| CN102814589A (en) | 2012-12-12 |
| KR101187130B1 (en) | 2012-09-28 |
| CN102814589B (en) | 2014-06-25 |
| KR101145447B1 (en) | 2012-05-15 |
| WO2009022507A1 (en) | 2009-02-19 |
| CN101772394B (en) | 2013-04-10 |
| TW201201939A (en) | 2012-01-16 |
| KR20110110310A (en) | 2011-10-06 |
| CN102430854B (en) | 2014-04-02 |
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