CN102430854B - Joining method and method of manufacturing joint structure - Google Patents

Joining method and method of manufacturing joint structure Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102430854B
CN102430854B CN201110238881.7A CN201110238881A CN102430854B CN 102430854 B CN102430854 B CN 102430854B CN 201110238881 A CN201110238881 A CN 201110238881A CN 102430854 B CN102430854 B CN 102430854B
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China
Prior art keywords
hardware
bonding process
throw
joint
mentioned
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CN201110238881.7A
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CN102430854A (en
Inventor
佐藤勇人
濑尾伸城
堀久司
河本知广
青木一男
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Nippon Light Metal Co Ltd
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Nippon Light Metal Co Ltd
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Priority claimed from JP2007210364A external-priority patent/JP2009039780A/en
Priority claimed from JP2008002848A external-priority patent/JP2009160638A/en
Priority claimed from JP2008030590A external-priority patent/JP2009190044A/en
Application filed by Nippon Light Metal Co Ltd filed Critical Nippon Light Metal Co Ltd
Publication of CN102430854A publication Critical patent/CN102430854A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
    • B23K20/123—Controlling or monitoring the welding process
    • B23K20/124—Controlling or monitoring the welding process at the beginning or at the end of a weld
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
    • B23K20/128—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding making use of additional material

Abstract

A joining method in which a first metal member (1a) and a second metal member (1b) are butted against each other to form a joined metal member (1) and the first and second metal members (1a, 1b) are joined together by friction sir welding where a rotating tool (G) is moved relative to the joined metal member (1). The method has a first final joining step for applying friction stir welding to joints (J1) between the first and second metal members (1a, 1b) from a front surface (A) of the joined metal member (1), a second final joining step for applying friction stir welding to the joints (J1) from a rear surface (B) of the joined metal member (1), a groove forming step for forming grooves (K) along those portions of the joints (J1) which are in a first side surface (C) and a second side surface (D) of the joined metal member (1), a connection member placement step for placing connection members (U) in the grooves (K), and a connection member joining step for applying friction stir welding to the portions where the grooves (K) and the connection members (U) are butted against each other.

Description

The manufacture method of joined structure
Patent application of the present invention is that international application no is PCT/JP2008/062342, international filing date is on July 8th, 2008, the application number that enters the China national stage is 200880101333.6, and what denomination of invention was the application for a patent for invention of " manufacture method of joint method and joined structure " divides an application.
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of joint method of hardware and manufacture method of joined structure of utilizing friction to stir.
Background technology
The method that hardware is engaged with each other is known that friction stirring engages (FSW=Friction Stir Welding).Friction stir to engage by making throw rotation and moving along hardware docking section each other, utilizes the frictional heat of throw and hardware to make the metal of docking section do plastification mobile, thereby makes hardware do each other solidstate bonding.In addition, throw is generally on the lower surface of cylindrical shoulder, to project stirring sell (probe) and form.
At this, Figure 33 means the hardware of pair of plates shape is rubbed and stirs the stereogram of the existing joint method engaging.As shown in figure 33, in the situation that the stirring pin of the not shown throw of the Thickness Ratio of the hardware 101,101 that wish engages is also long, sometimes after surface 102 sides from hardware 101 rubs stirring, the also 103 sides stirring that rubs from the back side.
; in above-mentioned joint method; stirrings that rub along the docking section 104 (two point slip) of hardware 101,101 from the both sides at surface 102 and the back side 103, so that the middle body of the thickness direction in friction stirring formed plastification region 105,106 contacts and engages.By this, in docking section 104, can reach gapless engages.This kind of joint method is disclosed in document 1.
In addition, Figure 34 is the cutaway view that uses the existing joint method of joint member.As shown in figure 34, length at the stirring pin with respect to throw, in the larger situation of the thickness of hardware, between the pair of metal member of stage portion with different-thickness, it is known utilizing joint member to carry out the joint method that interim friction stirs.That is, use the hardware of above-mentioned joint method, in the edge of the body 121,121 of the first hardware 120a and the second hardware 120b, be formed with the stage portion 122,122 also less than the thickness of body 121.
Then, this existing joint method comprises: the docking operation that the stage portion 122,122 of the first hardware 120a and the second hardware 120b is docked each other; The stage portion friction agitating procedure that stage portion 122,122 docking section Jd is each other rubbed and stirred; Joint member U is disposed to the joint member arrangement step of formed recess 123 in docking operation; The friction agitating procedure that the docking section Jb of the docking section Ja of the first hardware 120a and joint member U and the second hardware 120b and joint member U is rubbed and stirred.By this joint method, even if the member large to the thickness of hardware also can carry out hardware gapless joint each other.This joint method is recorded in document 2.
Document 1: Japanese Patent Laid-Open 2005-131666 communique (with reference to Fig. 7)
Document 2: Japanese Patent Laid-Open 2004-358535 communique (paragraph 0019, with reference to Fig. 2)
Disclosure of an invention
Invent technical problem to be solved
At this, Figure 35 means the large hardware of a pair of thickness is rubbed and stirs the stereogram of the joint method engaging.As shown in figure 35, in the situation that the thickness of the metal 111,111 that wish engages is larger, even from surface 102 and the back side 103 stirring that rubs, also may be in docking section the central portion of 104 (two point slips) produce not junction surface.; length at the stirring pin of the throw with respect to not shown; in the very large situation of thickness of hardware 111; even from the surface 102 of hardware 111 and the back side 103 stirring that rubs; owing to can not making the middle body contact of the thickness direction in plastification region 105,106, can be in docking section 104 central portion produce gap (not junction surface) 119.So, when the side 107 from a side to the side 108 of opposite side produces continuous gap 119, have the problem that watertightness between 107Ji side, side 108 and air-tightness reduce.
At this, if make the length of the stirring pin of throw become large corresponding to the thickness of hardware 111, by from surface 102 and the back side 103 stirring that rub, can make hardware 111 joint seamlessly each other.But, there is following problem in throw: owing to making to stir, pin is buried in hardware 111 and move on High Rotation Speed limit, limit, therefore when the length of stirring pin becomes large, act on the load increase of drive unit and the stirring pin of friction agitating device, thereby cause the lifetime of device.
In addition,, as shown in Figure 33 and Figure 35, in plastification region 105,106, may produce continuous cavity blemish 109 in the side 108 from the side 107 of a side to opposite side.Above-mentioned cavity blemish 109 is to make one of reason that watertightness between the 107Ji side, side 108 of hardware 101,111 and air-tightness reduce.
On the other hand, as shown in figure 34, if use joint member U, even in the situation that the thickness of hardware 120a, 120b is large, by periodically rubbing, stir and can guarantee watertightness and air-tightness, but along with the thickness of hardware 120a, 120b becomes large, exist owing to must increasing stage portion and the joint member of being located at hardware 120a, 120b and make to engage the problem that operation becomes numerous and diverse.
From this viewpoint, the invention provides a kind ofly when easily carrying out operation, can improve the manufacture method of the air-tightness of engaged hardware and the joint method of watertightness and joined structure.
The technical scheme that technical solution problem adopts
For addressing the above problem, joint method of the present invention be throw is docked with the second hardware with respect to the first hardware and being engaged of forming hardware moves and the joint method that rubs and stir, it is characterized in that, comprise: the docking section to above-mentioned the first hardware and above-mentioned the second hardware, the first formal bonding process that rubs from the above-mentioned surface that is engaged hardware and stir; The the second formal bonding process that above-mentioned docking section is rubbed from the above-mentioned back side that is engaged hardware and stir; The groove that forms groove along the above-mentioned above-mentioned docking section that is engaged the side of hardware forms operation; In above-mentioned groove, configure the joint member arrangement step of joint member; The joint member bonding process that the docking section of above-mentioned groove and above-mentioned joint member is rubbed and stirred.
According to above-mentioned joint method, by the side being engaged hardware, form groove, can remove the oxide-film that may be involved in the side that is engaged hardware.In addition,, by stirring that groove and the docking section that is disposed at the joint member of groove are rubbed, can cover and can expose the tunnel-like cavity blemish of the side that is engaged hardware and can be involved in the oxide-film of the side that is engaged hardware and seal.By this, can improve air-tightness and the watertightness between the two sides that are engaged hardware.In addition,, by stirring that the docking section of this groove and joint member is rubbed, can improve the bond strength of this part.In addition,, owing to rubbing and stir to engage from being engaged the side of hardware, therefore can carry out with comparalive ease operation.
In addition, above-mentioned joint member bonding process is preferably in the not plastification region sealing that makes formed face side plastification region in the above-mentioned first formal bonding process in above-mentioned groove and expose between formed rear side plastification region in the above-mentioned second formal bonding process.
According to above-mentioned joint method, joint member is configured in to the not plastification region of exposing the groove that is formed at this side, and can seals not plastification region by the docking section that this joint member and groove are stirred in friction.By this, can improve air-tightness and the watertightness between the two sides that are engaged hardware.
In addition, the both ends of the surface of above-mentioned joint member preferably flush with above-mentioned above-mentioned surface and the above-mentioned back side that is engaged hardware.According to above-mentioned joint method, can seal reliably tunnel-like cavity blemish, oxide-film and plastification region not, and can be on surface and the back side form flat condition.
In addition, in above-mentioned joint member bonding process, the degree of depth in plastification region, formed side is also the largest like the thickness of above-mentioned joint member.According to above-mentioned joint method, in the docking section in groove and joint member, cross thickness total length and the stirring that rubs, therefore can further improve air-tightness and the watertightness between the two sides that are engaged hardware.
In addition, after above-mentioned groove forms operation, preferably also comprise the first repair by welding operation, this operation is sealed by weld metal being exposed at least one party in the cavity blemish of bottom surface of above-mentioned groove and above-mentioned not plastification region.In addition, after above-mentioned joint member bonding process, preferably also comprise the second repair by welding operation, this operation make above-mentioned joint member bonding process be exposed to the cavity blemish at above-mentioned surface and the above-mentioned back side and the oxide-film that is involved in above-mentioned joint member bonding process at least one party by weld metal, seal.
According to above-mentioned joint method, after groove forms operation, expose the cavity blemish of above-mentioned groove floor and not plastification region can utilize weld metal sealing.In addition, in joint member bonding process, the cavity blemish in formed plastification region and oxide-film can utilize weld metal sealing.By this, can improve air-tightness and the watertightness that is engaged hardware.
In addition, the width of above-mentioned groove is also the least like the width in above-mentioned face side plastification region and above-mentioned rear side plastification region.According to above-mentioned joint method, can reduce the operation formality that forms groove, and owing to making joint member diminish, therefore can reduce the cost of member.
In addition the insertion precalculated position that, is preferably in above-mentioned throw is pre-formed lower hole.According to above-mentioned joint method, the resistance of pressing in the time of can reducing throw and be pressed into.Improve by this friction and stir the precision engaging, and can promptly engage operation.
In addition, joint method of the present invention be throw is docked with the second hardware with respect to the first hardware and being engaged of forming hardware moves and the joint method that rubs and stir, it is characterized in that, comprise: the docking section to above-mentioned the first hardware and above-mentioned the second hardware, the first formal bonding process that rubs from the above-mentioned surface that is engaged hardware and stir; The the second formal bonding process that above-mentioned docking section is rubbed from the above-mentioned back side that is engaged hardware and stir; In the above-mentioned side that is engaged hardware, towards be formed in the above-mentioned first formal bonding process formed face side plastification region and in the above-mentioned second formal bonding process at least one party's cavity blemish in formed rear side plastification region, insert the blank part repairing member insertion operation that blank part is repaired member; And to above-mentioned docking section, the formal bonding process in side that rubs in the above-mentioned side that is engaged hardware and stir; Wherein in the formal bonding process in above-mentioned side, to the stirring that rubs of the not plastification region between above-mentioned face side plastification region and above-mentioned rear side plastification region, and to the docking section that at least one party in above-mentioned face side plastification region and above-mentioned rear side plastification region and above-mentioned blank part the are repaired member stirring that rubs.
According to above-mentioned joint method, in the formal bonding process in side, by rubbing and stir to engage from being engaged the side of hardware, can carry out with comparalive ease operation, and by appearing at the stirring that rubs of the not plastification region of the side that is engaged hardware, can improve the air-tightness and the watertightness that are engaged hardware.In addition, the cavity blemish that is formed at the side that is engaged hardware by blank part being repaired to member insertion seals this cavity blemish, and the docking section of in the formal bonding process in side, blank part being repaired to member and face side plastification region and the rear side plastification region stirring that rubs, can improve the air-tightness and the watertightness that are engaged hardware.
In addition, at above-mentioned blank part, repairing member inserts in operation, preferably include slotted eye and form operation, this operation is in the above-mentioned side that is engaged hardware, to being formed at the surrounding of at least one party's cavity blemish in above-mentioned face side plastification region and above-mentioned rear side plastification region, cutting and form slotted eye, at above-mentioned blank part, repairing in member insertion operation above-mentioned blank part repairing member is inserted in above-mentioned slotted eye.According to above-mentioned joint method, blank part can be repaired to member and insert well.
In addition, the present invention be throw is docked with the second hardware with respect to the first hardware and being engaged of forming hardware moves and the joint method that rubs and stir, it is characterized in that, comprise: the docking section to above-mentioned the first hardware and above-mentioned the second hardware, the first formal bonding process that rubs from the above-mentioned surface that is engaged hardware and stir; The the second formal bonding process that above-mentioned docking section is rubbed from the above-mentioned back side that is engaged hardware and stir; In the above-mentioned side that is engaged hardware, to being formed in the above-mentioned first formal bonding process formed face side plastification region and the above-mentioned second formal bonding process at least one party's cavity blemish in formed rear side plastification region, by weld metal filling in the weld metal filling procedure of cavity blemish; And to above-mentioned docking section, the formal bonding process in side that rubs in the above-mentioned side that is engaged hardware and stir, wherein in the formal bonding process in above-mentioned side, to the stirring that rubs of the not plastification region between above-mentioned face side plastification region and above-mentioned rear side plastification region, and to the stirring that rubs of the interface of at least one party and above-mentioned weld metal in above-mentioned face side plastification region and above-mentioned rear side plastification region.
According to above-mentioned joint method, in the formal bonding process in side, by rubbing stirring joint and carry out with comparalive ease operation from being engaged the side of hardware, and by appearing at the stirring that rubs of the not plastification region of the side that is engaged hardware, can improve the air-tightness and the watertightness that are engaged hardware.In addition, owing to weld metal being filled in to the cavity blemish that is formed at the side that is engaged hardware, seal this cavity blemish, and in the formal bonding process in side, to the stirring that rubs of the interface in above-mentioned weld metal and face side plastification region and rear side plastification region, therefore can improve air-tightness and the watertightness that is engaged hardware.
In addition, in above-mentioned weld metal filling procedure, preferably include slotted eye and form operation, this operation is in the above-mentioned side that is engaged hardware, to being formed at the surrounding of at least one party's cavity blemish in above-mentioned face side plastification region and above-mentioned rear side plastification region, cutting and form slotted eye, in above-mentioned weld metal filling procedure, by above-mentioned weld metal filling in above-mentioned slotted eye.According to above-mentioned joint method, can easily carry out weld metal filling work procedure.
In addition, the present invention be throw is docked with the second hardware with respect to the first hardware and being engaged of forming hardware moves and the joint method that rubs and stir, it is characterized in that, comprise: the docking section to above-mentioned the first hardware and above-mentioned the second hardware, the first formal bonding process that rubs from the above-mentioned surface that is engaged hardware and stir; The the second formal bonding process that above-mentioned docking section is rubbed from the above-mentioned back side that is engaged hardware and stir; In the above-mentioned side that is engaged hardware, in the above-mentioned first formal bonding process, formed face side plastification region and the not plastification region between formed rear side plastification region forms recess in the above-mentioned second formal bonding process recess form operation; Recess is repaired to the recess repair procedure that member inserts above-mentioned recess; And the formal bonding process in side that the docking section of the docking section of above-mentioned recess repairing member and above-mentioned the first hardware and above-mentioned recess repairing member and above-mentioned the second hardware is rubbed and stirred.
According to above-mentioned joint method, by recess being repaired to member, insert the recess in the not plastification region that is formed at the side that is engaged hardware, and this recess is repaired to the stirring that rubs of member and the docking section that is engaged hardware, can improve the watertightness and the air-tightness that are engaged hardware.In addition,, in the formal bonding process in side, owing to rubbing and stir to engage from being engaged the side of hardware, therefore can carry out with comparalive ease operation.
In addition preferably comprise: to being formed at that the surrounding of at least one party's cavity blemish in above-mentioned face side plastification region and above-mentioned rear side plastification region cuts and the slotted eye that forms slotted eye forms operation; And blank part is repaired to blank part that member inserts above-mentioned slotted eye and repair member and insert operation, to the stirring that rubs of the docking section of at least one party in above-mentioned face side plastification region and above-mentioned rear side plastification region and above-mentioned blank part repairing member.
According to above-mentioned joint method, by sealing this cavity blemish to being formed at the cavity blemish insertion blank part repairing member of at least one party in above-mentioned face side plastification region and above-mentioned rear side plastification region, and to the docking section that blank part is repaired member and above-mentioned face side plastification region and the above-mentioned rear side plastification region stirring that rubs, can improve the air-tightness and the watertightness that are engaged hardware.
In addition preferably comprise: to being formed at that the surrounding of at least one party's cavity blemish in above-mentioned face side plastification region and above-mentioned rear side plastification region cuts and the slotted eye that forms slotted eye forms operation; And blank part is repaired to blank part that member inserts above-mentioned slotted eye and repair member and insert operation, cross in above-mentioned face side plastification region and above-mentioned rear side plastification region the stirring that rubs of at least one party's and the docking section of above-mentioned blank part repairing member whole surface.
According to above-mentioned joint method, by sealing this cavity blemish to being formed at the cavity blemish insertion blank part repairing member of at least one party in above-mentioned face side plastification region and above-mentioned rear side plastification region, and to the whole surface that above-mentioned blank part is repaired the docking section in member and above-mentioned face side plastification region and the above-mentioned rear side plastification region stirring that rubs, can further improve the air-tightness and the watertightness that are engaged hardware.
In addition,, in the formal bonding process in above-mentioned side, above-mentioned throw preferably moves with continuous path.According to above-mentioned joint method, can improve the workability that friction is stirred.
In addition it is also little that the above-mentioned throw using in the formal bonding process in above-mentioned side, cans be compared to the throw using in the above-mentioned first formal bonding process and the above-mentioned second formal bonding process most.According to above-mentioned joint method, because little throw can compare little rotation, therefore can improve the operability of throw.
In addition, preferably also comprise interim bonding process, this operation before one of them operation, engages above-mentioned docking section in carrying out the above-mentioned first formal bonding process, the above-mentioned second formal bonding process and the formal bonding process in side temporarily.According to above-mentioned joint method, can prevent that hardware cracks each other when the stirring that rubs.
In addition, be preferably also included in a pair of outstanding material of both sides configuration of above-mentioned docking section, and the outstanding material bonding process that above-mentioned outstanding material is engaged with the above-mentioned docking section that is engaged hardware.According to above-mentioned joint method, can prevent from, when the stirring that rubs, giving prominence to material and being engaged cracking of hardware.
In addition, be preferably in and on the insertion precalculated position of the above-mentioned throw using in the above-mentioned first formal bonding process, the formal bonding process of the above-mentioned second formal bonding process and above-mentioned side, form lower hole.According to above-mentioned joint method, can reduce the resistance of pressing in when throw is pressed into.By this, when improving the precision of friction stirring joint, can promptly engage operation.
In addition, the present invention a kind ofly makes the first hardware dock each other with the end face of the second hardware and forms the manufacture method of joined structure, it is characterized in that, comprise: the docking section to above-mentioned the first hardware and above-mentioned the second hardware, the first formal bonding process of using throw to rub and stir from the surface of above-mentioned joined structure; Docking section to above-mentioned the first hardware and above-mentioned the second hardware, the second formal bonding process of using throw to rub and stir from the back side of above-mentioned joined structure; And the docking section to above-mentioned the first hardware and above-mentioned the second hardware, the 3rd formal bonding process of using throw to rub and stir from the side of above-mentioned joined structure, carry out in addition filling with hardware filling formed punching when throw in the above-mentioned the 3rd formal bonding process departs from, and the docking section to above-mentioned joined structure and above-mentioned filling use hardware, the repair procedure of using throw to rub and stir.
According to above-mentioned manufacture method, in the 3rd formal bonding process, from the side of joined structure, rub to stir and can carry out with comparalive ease operation, and by coming across the stirring that rubs of the not plastification region of the side of joined structure, can improve by this air-tightness and the watertightness of joined structure.In addition, in repair procedure, by by the punching of filling with filled with metal throw in repair procedure, can in the 3rd formal bonding process, be formed at the punching of the end position of friction stirring by landfill, so can prevent the strength decreased of the bonding station that punching causes.That is, the end position that friction can be stirred in the 3rd formal bonding process is located on joined structure, by this, can omit and set the outstanding material that end position that friction stirs is used, thereby can reduce the process number in joint operation in the 3rd formal bonding process.
In addition the best filling of weld metal formed punching when throw in above-mentioned repair procedure departs from.According to above-mentioned manufacture method, formed punching when weld metal filling throw in repair procedure is departed from and this punching of landfill, therefore can prevent the strength decreased of the bonding station that caused by punching, and bonding station can be trimmed to smooth.
In addition, preferably make to be formed at the part and formed plastification region overlapping in the above-mentioned first formal bonding process and the above-mentioned second formal bonding process in plastification region of the docking section of above-mentioned the first hardware and above-mentioned the second hardware in the above-mentioned the 3rd formal bonding process.
According to above-mentioned manufacture method, side at joined structure, by making to be formed at the part and formed plastification region overlapping in the first formal bonding process and the second formal bonding process in plastification region of the docking section of the first hardware and the second hardware, in the side of joined structure, can seal reliably the seam of the first hardware and the second hardware, thereby can improve air-tightness and the watertightness at hardware junction surface each other.
In addition,, in the above-mentioned the 3rd formal bonding process, the part in plastification region of side of a side that preferably makes to be formed at above-mentioned joined structure is overlapping with the part in plastification region of side of opposite side that is formed at above-mentioned joined structure.
According to above-mentioned manufacture method, in the 3rd formal bonding process, overlapping by making to be formed at the part in plastification region of two sides of joined structure, and plastification is to the inside of joined structure, therefore can improve air-tightness and the watertightness at hardware junction surface each other.
In addition,, before being preferably in the above-mentioned first formal bonding process and the above-mentioned second formal bonding process, the docking section to above-mentioned the first hardware and above-mentioned the second hardware engages from surface and the back side of above-mentioned joined structure temporarily.In addition,, before being preferably in the above-mentioned the 3rd formal bonding process, the docking section to above-mentioned the first hardware and above-mentioned the second hardware engages from the side of above-mentioned joined structure temporarily.
At this, due to when carrying out each bonding process, throw is pressed into the docking section of engaged each hardware, the power that effect is pulled away from each other to hardware, produces and cracks in docking section sometimes.But according to above-mentioned manufacture method, by the interim docking section that engages before carrying out each bonding process, can carry out well each bonding process.
In addition,, in the above-mentioned first formal bonding process and the above-mentioned second formal bonding process, the insertion precalculated position that is preferably in throw is pre-formed lower hole.In addition,, in the above-mentioned the 3rd formal bonding process, the insertion precalculated position that is preferably in throw is pre-formed lower hole.
According to above-mentioned manufacture method, utilize this structure can reduce the resistance of pressing in when throw press-fit joint structure thing.Can improve by this friction and stir the precision engaging, and can promptly engage operation.
In addition, in the above-mentioned the 3rd formal bonding process, the side that the starting position that friction is stirred and end position are preferably set in above-mentioned the first hardware or above-mentioned the second hardware, and set for when making throw the docking section by above-mentioned the first hardware and above-mentioned the second hardware moves to end position with the track of コ word shape from starting position, if throw is done right rotation, the direct of travel left side of throw is corresponding to the groove inner side of the motion track of コ word shape, if throw is done anticlockwise, the direct of travel right side of throw is corresponding to the groove inner side of the motion track of コ word shape.
At this, sometimes have due to throw is moved the situation that produces cavity blemish in being formed at the plastification region of joined structure along the direct of travel of throw.This cavity blemish is to make one of the air-tightness at hardware junction surface each other and reason of watertightness reduction.In the situation that making throw right rotation, cavity blemish is formed at the left side of direct of travel, and in the situation that making throw anticlockwise, cavity blemish is formed at the right side of direct of travel.Therefore, in above-mentioned structure, in the groove inner side that forms the plastification region of コ word shape, form cavity blemish, the situation that forms cavity blemish with the groove outside in plastification region at コ word shape is compared, because the distance of cavity blemish shortens, therefore can improve air-tightness and the watertightness at hardware junction surface each other.
Invention effect
According to the manufacture method of joint method of the present invention and manufacture structure, in easy operation, can improve air-tightness and the watertightness of engaged hardware.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 means the figure of the joint method of embodiment one, and Fig. 1 (a) is stereogram, and Fig. 1 (b) is the amplification stereogram of N part in Fig. 1 (a).
Fig. 2 means the figure of the first preparatory process in embodiment one, and Fig. 2 (a) is stereogram, and Fig. 2 (b) is top view.
Fig. 3 means the figure of the first preparatory process in embodiment one, and Fig. 3 (a) is I-I line cutaway view in Fig. 2 (b), and Fig. 3 (b) is II-II line cutaway view in Fig. 2 (b).
Fig. 4 means the figure of the throw of embodiment one, and Fig. 4 (a) is the interim side view engaging with throw, and Fig. 4 (b) is the formal side view engaging with throw.
Fig. 5 means the figure of the use state of throw for the interim joint of embodiment one, and Fig. 5 (a) is the interim figure that is connected to the first outstanding material with throw that engages, and Fig. 5 (b) is the figure that is pressed into the first outstanding material with throw by engage temporarily.
Fig. 6 means the top view of the first outstanding material bonding process of the first front travel of embodiment one, interim bonding process and the second outstanding material bonding process.
Fig. 7 means the first formal III-III direction cutaway view that engages Fig. 6 of engineering of embodiment one, Fig. 7 (a) means the figure that the friction stirring of starting position part engages, Fig. 7 (b) means the figure that the friction stirring of middle part engages, and Fig. 7 (c) means the figure that the friction stirring of end position part engages.
Fig. 8 (a) is after the second preparatory process of embodiment one, cutaway view from docking section J1 towards the first hardware 1a side, Fig. 8 (b) means the top view of the second outstanding material bonding process of the second preparatory process of embodiment one, interim bonding process and the first outstanding material bonding process.
Fig. 9 means the figure of the second formal bonding process of embodiment one, it is the IV-IV line cutaway view of Fig. 8 (b), Fig. 9 (a) is that the figure engaging is stirred in the friction of starting position part, and in the middle of Fig. 9 (b) means, the figure engaging is stirred in the friction of part.
Figure 10 means the stereogram that is engaged hardware after outstanding material excision operation in embodiment one.
Figure 11 is the stereogram that the groove of embodiment one forms operation.
Figure 12 means the figure of the first repair by welding operation of embodiment one, is the top view of the first side C.
Figure 13 means the stereogram of the first joint member arrangement step of embodiment one.
Figure 14 is the side view that the first joint member arrangement step of embodiment one is seen from surface A side, and Figure 14 (a) represents that, before configuration, Figure 14 (b) represents after configuration.
Figure 15 means the figure of the first joint member bonding process of embodiment one, and Figure 15 (a) is top view, and Figure 15 (b) is the VI-VI line cutaway view of Figure 15 (a).
Figure 16 means the top view of the first joint member bonding process of embodiment one.
Figure 17 means the top view of the second joint member bonding process of embodiment one.
Figure 18 means the figure of the second repair by welding operation of embodiment one, is the amplification stereogram of N part in Fig. 1.
Figure 19 means the figure of the variation of embodiment one, means the cutaway view of joint member bonding process.
Figure 20 means the stereogram that is engaged hardware of embodiment two.
Figure 21 means that the outstanding material of embodiment two excises the stereogram that is engaged hardware after operation.
Figure 22 (a) means that the slotted eye of embodiment two forms operation, recess forms operation and repairs the stereogram that member inserts operation, and Figure 22 (b) is the enlarged front view of the face side plastification area peripheral edge of Figure 22 (a).
Figure 23 means the figure of the first formal bonding process in side of embodiment two, the top view of part in the middle of Figure 23 (a) means, Figure 23 (b) is the III-III line cutaway view of Figure 23 (a), and Figure 23 (c) means the top view of end position part.
Figure 24 means the stereogram of the joined structure being engaged by the manufacture method of embodiment four.
After Figure 25 means that the second formal bonding process of embodiment four finishes, remove the stereogram of the joined structure of outstanding material state.
Figure 26 means the top view of the interim bonding process in the 3rd formal bonding process of embodiment four.
Figure 27 means the top view of the formal bonding process in the 3rd formal bonding process of embodiment four.
Figure 28 means the figure of each operation of embodiment four, Figure 28 (a) means the I-I cutaway view of Figure 26 of formal bonding process in the 3rd formal bonding process, and Figure 28 (b) means that in the first repair procedure, the cutaway view of operation is inserted in filling with hardware.
Figure 29 means the repairing bonding process in the first repair procedure of embodiment four and repairs the top view of welding sequence.
Figure 30 means the repairing bonding process in the first repair procedure of embodiment four and repairs the II-II cutaway view of Figure 29 of welding sequence.
Figure 31 means the 4th formal bonding process of embodiment four and the top view of the second repair procedure.
Figure 32 means the figure of variation of the 3rd formal bonding process of embodiment four, is the top view while making the first throw do anticlockwise.
Figure 33 means the hardware of pair of plates shape is rubbed and stirs the stereogram of the existing joint method engaging.
Figure 34 figure means the cutaway view of the existing joint method that uses joint member.
Figure 35 means the large hardware of a pair of thickness is rubbed and stirs the stereogram of the joint method engaging.
(symbol description)
1～be engaged hardware
1a～the first hardware
1b～the second hardware
2～the first outstanding materials
3～the second outstanding materials
211～recess
212～slotted eye
213～slotted eye
211～recess is repaired member
202～the first blank parts are repaired member
203～the first blank parts are repaired member
A～surface
B～back side
C～the first side
D～the second side
F～interim joint throw
G～formal joint throw
H～filling hardware
The plastification region of j～not
J～docking section
K～groove
P～lower hole
Q～punching
R～tunnel-like cavity blemish
T～weld metal
U～joint member
W1～face side plastification region
W2～rear side plastification region
W～side plastification region
Z～oxide-film.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment one
As shown in Fig. 1 (a), the feature of the joint method of embodiment one is, the surface A that is engaged hardware 1 that makes the first hardware 1a and the second hardware 1b docking and form and back surface B stir by friction and engage, and as shown in Fig. 1 (b), in the two sides that are engaged hardware 1, form groove K, at this groove K configuration joint member U, and by friction, stir groove K and engage with the docking section of joint member U.
First, describe in detail present embodiment joint method be engaged hardware 1, and describe in detail and engage this and be engaged the first outstanding material 2 and the second outstanding material 3 using when hardware 1.
As shown in Fig. 2 (a) and Fig. 2 (b), in the present embodiment, be engaged hardware 1 and formed by the first rectangular hardware 1a of cross section and the second hardware 1b, by making each end face docking form docking section J1.The first hardware 1a and the second hardware 1b are the metal material of same composition in the present embodiment, the metal material stirring that can rub such as such as aluminium, aluminium alloy, copper, copper alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, magnesium, magnesium alloy, consist of.Although there is no particular restriction for shape, the size of the first hardware 1a and the second hardware 1b, wish that at least the gauge of docking section J1 is identical.
And as shown in Figure 1, the surface that is engaged hardware 1 is that surface A, the back side are back surface B, the side of a side is that the side of the first side C, opposite side is the second side D.In addition, the front and back up and down in present embodiment are determined according to the arrow of Fig. 1.
As shown in Fig. 2 (a) and Fig. 2 (b), the first outstanding material 2 and the second outstanding material 3 are engaged hardware 1 docking section J1 for clamping configures, add respectively in being engaged hardware 1, cover the seam (boundary line) of hiding the first hardware 1a and the second hardware 1b that appear at the first side C and the second side D.Although there is no particular restriction for the material of the first outstanding material 2 and the second outstanding material 3, in the present embodiment, be to form with the metal material that is engaged hardware 1 same composition.In addition,, although the first outstanding material 2 and second is given prominence to size, the shape unrestricted of material 3, in the present embodiment, its gauge is identical with the gauge that is engaged hardware 1 at J1 place, docking section.
Then, with reference to Fig. 4, describe throw F (hereinafter referred to as " interim joint use throw F ") for interim bonding process in detail and for the throw G (hereinafter referred to as " formal joint throw G ") of formal bonding process.
Interim joint shown in Fig. 4 (a) is engaged hardware 1 with throw F by tool steel geometric ratio and goes back the metal material of hard and form, and comprises cylindrical shoulder F1, is based in stirring pin (probe) F2 of the lower surface F11 of this shoulder F1.Although interim, engage size with throw F, shape and set corresponding to being engaged the material of hardware 1 and thickness, at least also little than the formal joint use throw G (with reference to Fig. 4 (b)) using in the described later first formal bonding process.So, because available ratio is formal, engage also little load engages temporarily, therefore can alleviate the load that puts on friction agitating device when interim joint, and because interim joint uses the translational speed (transporting velocity) of throw F also higher than formally engaging by the translational speed of throw G, so can reduce required activity duration of interim joint and cost.
The lower surface F11 of shoulder F1 is the position with the function that pushes the mobile metal of plastification and prevent from dispersing towards periphery, forms in the present embodiment concave shape.Although there is no particular restriction for the size of the external diameter X1 of shoulder F1, in the present embodiment, also little with the external diameter Y1 of the shoulder G1 of throw G than formal joint.
Stir pin F2 and hang down from the central authorities of the lower surface F11 of shoulder F1, in the present embodiment, form the thin truncated cone of front end.In addition, the side face of stirring pin F2 is formed with to carve and is set as spiral helicine agitator.Although there is no particular restriction for the external diameter size of stirring pin F2, in the present embodiment, maximum outside diameter (footpath, upper end) X 2than formal maximum outside diameter (footpath, the upper end) Y engaging with the stirring pin G2 of throw G 2also little, and minimum outer diameter (footpath, lower end) X 3than minimum outer diameter (footpath, the lower end) Y that stirs pin G2 3also little.Stir the length L of pin F2 2can be compared to most the formal length L engaging with the stirring pin G2 of throw G 1(with reference to Fig. 4 (b)) is also little.
Formal joint shown in Fig. 4 (b) is engaged hardware 1 with throw G by tool steel geometric ratio and goes back the metal material of hard and form, stirring pin (probe) G2 that comprises cylindrical shoulder G1 and be based in the lower surface G11 of this shoulder G1.
The lower surface G11 of shoulder G1 uses throw F identical with interim joint, forms concave shape.Stir pin G2 and hang down from the central authorities of the lower surface G11 of shoulder G1, form in the present embodiment the circular cone shape that front end is thin.In addition, the side face of stirring pin G2 is formed with to carve and is set as spiral helicine agitator.
Below, describe the joint method of present embodiment in detail.The joint method of present embodiment comprises (1) first preparatory process, (2) first front travels, (3) first formal bonding processs, (4) second preparatory process, (5) second front travels, (6) second formal bonding processs, (7) outstanding material excision operation, (8) groove forms operation, (9) first repair by welding operations, (10) the 3rd preparatory process, (11) first joint member bonding processs, (12) the 4th preparatory process, (13) second joint member bonding processs, (14) outstanding material excision operation, (15) second repair by welding operations.
And as shown in Figure 1, (2) first front travels and (3) first formal bonding processs are the operations of carrying out in surface A, (5) second front travels and (6) second formal bonding processs are operations that B carries out overleaf.In addition, to form operation and (9) first repair by welding operations are the operations of carrying out at the first side C and the second side D to (8) groove.In addition, (11) first joint member bonding processs are the operations of carrying out at the first side C, and (13) second joint member bonding processs are the operations of carrying out at the second side D.In addition, (15) second repair by welding operations are the operations of carrying out in surface A and back surface B.
(1) first preparatory process
With reference to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the first preparatory process is described.The first preparatory process is to prepare setting to be engaged the starting position of friction stirring of hardware 1 and the operation of the abutting member of end position (the first outstanding material 2 and the second outstanding material 3).In the present embodiment, the first preparatory process comprises: the docking operation that makes the first hardware 1a and the second hardware 1b docking; In the outstanding material 2 of both sides configuration first and the second outstanding material arrangement step of giving prominence to material 3 that are engaged the docking section J1 of hardware 1; And by weld the first outstanding material 2 with the second outstanding material 3 be engaged the interim interim welding sequence engaging of hardware 1.
(1-1) docking operation
As shown in Fig. 2 (b), in docking operation, make the end face 11b of the second hardware 1b be close to the end face 11a of the first hardware 1a.In addition, as shown in Figure 3, the surperficial 12a of the first hardware 1a flushes with the surperficial 12b of the second hardware 1b, and the back side 13a of the first hardware 1a flushes with the back side 13b of the second hardware 1b.In addition, similarly, the first side 14a of the first hardware 1a flushes with the first side 14b of the second hardware 1b, and the second side 15a of the first hardware 1a flushes with the second side 15b of the second hardware 1b.
; surface A is formed by the surperficial 12a of the first hardware 1a and the surperficial 12b of the second hardware 1b; back surface B is formed by the back side 13a of the first hardware 1a and the back side 13b of the second hardware 1b; the first side C is formed by the first side 14a of the first hardware 1a and the first side 14b of the second hardware 1b, and the second side D is formed by the second side 15a of the first hardware 1a and the second side 15b of the second hardware 1b.
(1-2) outstanding material arrangement step
As shown in Fig. 2 (a) and Fig. 2 (b), in outstanding material arrangement step, second side D side configuration the first outstanding material 2 at docking section J1, makes its bearing surface 21 be connected to the second side D.And, make the second outstanding material 3 be disposed at the first side C of docking section J1, make its bearing surface 31 be connected to the first side C.Now, as shown in Fig. 3 (b), the surface 32 of the surface 22 of the first outstanding material 2 and the second outstanding material 3 flushes with the surface A that is engaged hardware 1, and in addition, the back side 33 of the back side 23 of the first outstanding material 2 and the second outstanding material 3 flushes with the back surface B that is engaged hardware 1.
(1-3) interim welding sequence
As shown in Fig. 2 (a) and Fig. 2 (b) figure, in interim welding sequence, by welding, be engaged hardware 1 and the first outstanding material 2 formed inner side bight 2a, 2b and give prominence to material 2 and engage being temporarily engaged hardware 1 and first.In addition, by welding, being engaged hardware 1 and the second outstanding material 3 forms inner side bight 3a, 3b and gives prominence to material 3 and engage being temporarily engaged hardware 1 and second.
And, can cross the total length of inner side bight 2a, 2b and 3a, 3b and weld continuously, also can weld intermittently.In addition,, in the first preparatory process, in the situation that omitting interim welding sequence, also can on the stand of not shown friction agitating device, dock operation and outstanding material arrangement step.
(2) first front travels
The first front travel be before the first formal bonding process, carry out operation, in the present embodiment, comprising: in surface A side, engage and to be engaged hardware 1 and to give prominence to material bonding process with (2-1) first of the docking section J2 of the first outstanding material 2; Interim (2-2) interim bonding process that engages the docking section J1 that is engaged hardware 1; Joint is engaged (2-3) second outstanding material bonding process of the docking section J3 of hardware 1 and the second outstanding material 3; And the starting position of the stirring of the friction in the first formal bonding process forms (2-4) lower hole formation operation in lower hole.
As shown in Figure 6, in the first front travel, make interim a joint with throw move and form continuous motion track (bead), docking section J2, J1, J3 are carried out to friction continuously and stir.That is, make to insert the starting position S that friction is stirred p1interim joint with the stirring pin F2 (with reference to Fig. 4 (a)) of throw F, do not depart from halfway and move to end position E p1.And, in the present embodiment, although set the starting position S that friction is stirred on the first outstanding material 2 p1, on the second outstanding material 3, set end position E p1, but and do not mean that starting position S p1with end position E p1position be defined.In addition, in the present embodiment, interim joint with throw F and formal joint all done right rotation by the direction of rotation of throw G.So, by making interim joint consistent by the direction of rotation of throw G with throw F and formal joint, can omit operation formality.
With reference to Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, explain the order that the friction in the first front travel of present embodiment is stirred.
First, being engaged on the stand that hardware 1 is fixed on not shown friction agitating device of interim welding sequence will be carried out.Then, as shown in Fig. 5 (a), make the interim starting position S that is positioned at the appropriate location that is located at the first outstanding material 2 with throw F that engages p1directly over, then, make interim joint with throw F limit, do right rotation limit and decline, stirring is sold to F2 and is pressed into starting position S p1.Although interim, engage by the rotary speed of throw F corresponding to stirring the size, shape of pin F2 and being set by the material that is engaged hardware 1 etc. of friction stirring and thickness etc., but mostly, in situation, be set in the scope of 500～2000 (rpm).
As shown in Fig. 5 (b), when stirring pin F2 and contact with the surface 22 of the first outstanding material 2, because making to stir pin F2 plastic deformationization around, frictional heat flows, and stir pin F2 insertion first and give prominence to material 2.
As shown in Figure 6, when stirring the integral body of pin F2, enter the first outstanding material 2, and after the whole surface of the lower surface F11 of shoulder F1 contacts with the surface 22 of the first outstanding material 2, interim joint with rotation limit, throw F limit relatively moved towards the first starting point s2 that gives prominence to material bonding process.
Although interim, engage by the translational speed (transporting velocity) of throw F corresponding to stirring the size, shape of pin F2 and being set by the material that is engaged hardware 1 etc. of friction stirring and thickness etc., but mostly, in situation, be set in the scope of 100～1000 (mm/ divides).Rotary speed when engaging rotary speed while moving with throw F temporarily and inserting is identical or lower.And, when making to engage temporarily and moving with throw F, although the axis of shoulder F1 is with respect to plumb line, the rear towards direct of travel tilts a little, if do not tilt, is vertical, engage by the direction of throw F temporarily and change the easy of change, can do complicated action.Make to engage while moving with throw F temporarily, its stir pin F2 surrounding metal successively plastification flow, and from stirring the position that pin F2 leaves, the mobile metal of plastification is underhardening again.
Make to engage with throw F temporarily and relatively move and rub continuously and stir until the starting point s2 of the second outstanding material bonding process makes interim joint not depart from throw F and moves to the first outstanding material bonding process at starting point s2.
(2-1) the first outstanding material bonding process
In the first outstanding material bonding process, to the first outstanding material 2 and the docking section J2 that is engaged hardware 1 stirring that rubs.Particularly, the path (route) that friction is stirred is set in the seam (boundary line) that is engaged hardware 1 and the first outstanding material 2, by make interim joint relatively move with throw F along this path, to the docking section J2 stirring that rubs.And, in the present embodiment, make interim engage with throw F do not depart from halfway from the first starting point s2 that gives prominence to material bonding process e2 stirring that rubs continuously to terminal.
And, make to engage do right rotation with throw F in the situation that temporarily, owing to producing small cavity blemish with the left side of the direct of travel of throw F at interim joint, therefore preferably set the first outstanding starting point s2 of material bonding process and position of terminal e2, make to be engaged hardware 1 and be positioned at the right side that interim joint is used the direct of travel of throw F.So, because cavity blemish is difficult to result from, be engaged hardware 1 side, therefore can obtain high-quality conjugant.
In addition, when make to engage while doing anticlockwise with throw F temporarily, owing to producing small cavity blemish with the right side of the direct of travel of throw F at interim joint, therefore preferably set the first outstanding starting point of material bonding process and position of terminal, make to be engaged hardware 1 and be positioned at the left side that interim joint is used the direct of travel of throw F.Particularly, although diagram omit, the position of the terminal e2 in the time of starting point can being arranged to interim joint and doing right rotation with throw F, the position of starting point s2 when terminal is arranged to interim joint and does right rotation with throw F.
And, when interim joint enters docking section J2 with the stirring pin F2 of throw F, although make to be engaged hardware 1 and first, give prominence to the power generation effect that material 2 is pulled away from, but by welding, engage with the first outstanding material 2 formed inner side bight 2a, 2b (with reference to Fig. 2) owing to being engaged hardware 1 temporarily, therefore, can not produce and crack being engaged between metal 1 and the first outstanding material 2.
(2-2) interim bonding process
Interim engage with throw F, arrive the terminal e2 of the second outstanding material bonding process after, friction is stirred in terminal e2 and does not finish and carry out continuously until the starting point s1 of interim bonding process, and moves to interim bonding process with this state.; till from the terminal e2 of the first outstanding material bonding process to the starting point s1 of interim bonding process; interim joint do not continue with throw F the stirring that rub with departing from, and at starting point s1, and joint does not depart from throw F and moves to interim bonding process temporarily.So, need to not use at the first interim joint of giving prominence to the terminal e2 of material bonding process the separating operation of throw F, and owing to need to, in the interim joint of the starting point s1 of the bonding process insertion operation of throw F temporarily, can not realizing high efficiency, the fast of preparatory joint operation.
In the present embodiment, the first outstanding material 2 is located at from the terminal e2 of the first outstanding material bonding process to the path that the friction of the starting point s1 of interim bonding process is stirred, makes interim joint with the motion track that throw F moves to the starting point s1 of interim bonding process from the terminal e2 of the first outstanding material bonding process, be formed at first and give prominence to material 2.So, at the terminal e2 of the first outstanding material bonding process, move in the operation of starting point s1 of interim bonding process, owing to being difficult to produce cavity blemish being engaged hardware 1, can obtain high-quality conjugant.
In interim bonding process, to being engaged the docking section J1 (with reference to Fig. 6) of hardware 1 stirring that rubs.Particularly, set the path that friction is stirred the seam (boundary line) that is engaged hardware 1 is upper, by make interim joint relatively move with throw F along this path, cross the total length of docking section J1 and the stirring that rubs continuously.And in the present embodiment, interim joint with throw F do not depart from and halfway from the starting point s1 of the interim bonding process e1 stirring that rubs continuously to terminal.
After engaging temporarily and arriving the terminal e1 of interim bonding process with throw F, in terminal e1 friction, stir and do not finish and rub continuously and stir until the terminal s3 of the second outstanding material bonding process, state moves to second and gives prominence to material bonding process according to this.; from the starting point s3 of the outstanding material bonding process of the terminal e1 to the second of interim bonding process, engage with throw F temporarily and do not depart from and the stirring that rubs continuously, and engage with throw F temporarily and do not depart from and move to second and give prominence to material bonding process at starting point s3.
In the present embodiment, the path setting that the friction of the starting point s3 of the outstanding material bonding process of the terminal e1 to the second from interim bonding process is stirred is in the second outstanding material 3, makes the interim motion track engaging while moving to the starting point s3 of the second outstanding material bonding process with throw F from the terminal e1 of interim bonding process be formed at second and gives prominence to material 3.So, at the terminal e1 from interim bonding process, move to the operation of starting point s3 of the second outstanding material bonding process, owing to being difficult to produce cavity blemish being engaged hardware 1, can obtain high-quality conjugant.
(2-3) the second outstanding material bonding process
In the second outstanding material bonding process, to being engaged hardware 1 and the second docking section J3 that gives prominence to material 3 stirring that rubs.Particularly, set the path that friction is stirred the seam (boundary line) that is engaged hardware 1 and the second outstanding material 3 is upper, by make interim joint relatively move with throw F along this path, to the docking section J3 stirring that rubs.And in the present embodiment, interim joint with throw F do not depart from and halfway from the second starting point s3 that gives prominence to material bonding process e3 stirring that rubs continuously to terminal.
And, owing to making interim joint do right rotation with throw F, set the second outstanding starting point s3 of material bonding process and position of terminal e3, make to be engaged hardware 1 and be positioned at the right side that interim joint is used the direct of travel of throw F.
In addition, when interim joint enters docking section J3 with the stirring pin F2 of throw F, although give prominence to by being engaged hardware 1 and second the power generation effect that material 3 is pulled away from, but owing to doing interim engage with the second outstanding material 3 formed inner side bight 3a, 3b (with reference to Fig. 2) by welding by being engaged hardware 1, therefore, can not produce and crack being engaged between metal 1 and the second outstanding material 3.
After interim joint arrives the terminal e3 of the second outstanding material bonding process with throw F, in terminal e3 friction stirring, do not finish and rub continuously and stir until be located at the end position E of the second outstanding material 3 p1till.And, in the present embodiment, on the extended line of the seam (boundary line) occurring in the surface A side that is engaged hardware 1, end position E is set p1.In addition end position E, p1starting position S for the friction stirring in the described later first formal bonding process m1.
Interim joint with throw F, arrive end position E p1afterwards, make interim joint with rising on rotation limit, throw F limit make to stir pin F2 from end position E p1depart from.
Above, although be described for the first outstanding material bonding process, interim bonding process and the second outstanding material bonding process, the track in each bonding process, only for illustrating, also can be the track of alternate manner.In addition, also can omit the first outstanding material bonding process and the second outstanding material bonding process, and only carry out interim bonding process.
(2-4) lower hole forms operation
Then, carry out lower hole and form operation.As shown in Fig. 4 (b), the starting position that lower hole formation operation is the friction stirring in the first formal bonding process forms the operation of lower hole P1.Lower hole in the first front travel forms in operation, at the S that is set in the surface 32 of the second outstanding material 3 m1form lower hole P1.
The object that lower hole P1 arranges is in order to reduce the insertion resistance (resistance of pressing in) of the stirring pin G2 of throw G for formal joint, in the present embodiment, formed punching H1 when interim stirring pin F2 (with reference to Fig. 4 (a)) disengaging engaging with throw F is done reaming and formed with not shown drilling tool.If utilize punching H1,, owing to can simplifying the formation operation of lower hole P1, the activity duration can be shortened.Although there is no particular restriction for the form of lower hole P1, be cylindric in the present embodiment.And in the present embodiment, although hole P1 under the second outstanding material 3 forms, but there is no particular restriction in the position of lower hole P1, also can be formed at the first outstanding material 2, although can be formed at docking section J2, J3, but comparatively it is desirable to, be formed at as in this embodiment on the extended line that is engaged the seam that is engaged hardware 1 (boundary line) that the surface A side of hardware 1 occurs.
And, in the present embodiment, although be that to take the situation of interim joint being done to reaming with the punching H1 of the stirring pin F2 (with reference to Fig. 4 (a)) of throw F and forming lower hole P1 be example, at the maximum outside diameter X that stirs pin F2 2than the formal minimum outer diameter Y engaging with the stirring pin G2 of throw G 3also large, and stir the maximum outside diameter X that sells F2 2than the maximum outside diameter Y that stirs pin G2 2also little (Y 3<X 2<Y 2) situation under, the punching H1 that stirs pin F2 can be directly as lower hole P1.
(3) first formal bonding processs
The first formal bonding process is to make to be engaged the operation that the docking section J1 of the surface A side of hardware 1 engages veritably.In the first formal bonding process of present embodiment, use the formal joint throw G shown in Fig. 4 (b), to the docking section J1 under the state of interim joint from being engaged the stirring that rubs of the surface A side of hardware 1.
As shown in Fig. 7 (a)～Fig. 7 (c), in the first formal bonding process, make formal joint with the stirring pin G2 insertion (being pressed into) of throw G be formed at starting position S m1lower hole P1, the stirring pin G2 of insertion does not depart from halfway and moves to end position E m1.That is,, in the first formal bonding process, from lower hole P1, start friction and stir, and rub continuously and stir until end position E m1till.
At this, the time point finishing at the first front travel, owing to having the friction agitating device of interim joint with throw F and be positioned at the end position E of the second outstanding material 3 p1directly over (with reference to Fig. 6), if the starting position of the first formal bonding process is S m1, there is formal joint and do not move and carry out the first formal bonding process with the friction agitating device of throw G, can omit operation.
And, in the present embodiment, although the starting position S that friction is stirred is set on the second outstanding material 3 m1, on the first outstanding material 2, end position E is set m1, but starting position S m1with end position E m1position indefinite.
With reference to Fig. 7 (a)～Fig. 7 (c), illustrate in greater detail the first formal bonding process.
First, as shown in Fig. 7 (a), make formal joint be positioned at lower hole P1 (starting position S with throw G m1) directly over, then make formal engage with throw G limit do that right rotation limit declines and the front end that makes to stir pin G2 insert under hole P1.When stirring pin G2 enters lower hole P1, the side face (side) that stirs pin G2 is connected to the hole wall of lower hole P1, and metal starts plastification from hole wall and flows.When reaching this state, the side face that is stirred pin G2 due to the mobile metal of plastification is pressed and to be moved back, and stirs pin G2 and be pressed into, and therefore can be reduced in the resistance of pressing in that is pressed into initial stage.In addition,, before being connected to the surface 32 of the second outstanding material 3 at the formal shoulder G1 engaging with throw G, stirring pin G2 and be connected to the hole wall of lower hole P1 and produce frictional heat, so can shorten the mobile time of plastification that reaches.That is, reduce the load of friction agitating device, can shorten in addition the needed activity duration of formal bonding process.
As shown in Fig. 7 (b), in the integral body that stirs pin G2, enter the second outstanding material 3, and after the whole surface of the lower surface G11 of shoulder G1 contacts with the surface 32 of the second outstanding material 3, limit rubs and stirs limit formal joint relatively moved towards the one end that is engaged the docking section J1 of hardware 1 with throw G, and, cross docking section J3 and charge into docking section J1.When making formally to engage while moving with throw G, this stirs pin G2 metal around, and plastification is mobile successively, and from stirring the position that pin G2 leaves, the mobile metal of plastification is underhardening and form plastification region (hereinafter referred to as " face side plastification region W1 ") again.And so-called plastification region comprises and is presented the state of plastification and throw by the frictional heat heating of throw by getting back to the state of normal temperature.
Although formal, engage translational speed (transporting velocity) with throw G and be corresponding to the size that stirs pin G2, shape and by the material that is engaged hardware 1 etc. of friction stirring and thickness etc. and set, but in most situation, be set in the scope of 30～300 (mm/ divides).
In the situation that enter, to be engaged the heat of hardware 1 likely excessive, and preferably alignment type engages and from surface A side, carries out cooling with the surrounding of throw G for feeding water etc.And, when cooling water enters between the first hardware 1a and the second hardware 1b, although may be on composition surface (end face 11a, 11b, with reference to Fig. 2 (b)) generation oxide-film, but in the present embodiment, owing to carrying out interim bonding process, seal the seam that is engaged 1 of hardware, cooling water is difficult to inflow and is engaged between hardware 1, so the quality at junction surface can not variation.
Be engaged the docking section J1 of hardware 1, the path setting that friction is stirred is on being engaged the seam (on the motion track in interim bonding process) of hardware 1, by make formal joint relatively move with throw G along this path, from the stirring that rubs continuously of one end to the other end of docking section J1.Make the formal other end that relatively moves to docking section J1 with throw G that engages, in the stirring that rubs, cross docking section J2, and according to this state towards end position E m1relatively move.
And, in the present embodiment, due to the starting position S that friction is stirred m1be set on the extended line that is engaged the seam that is engaged hardware 1 (boundary line) that the surface A side of hardware 1 occurs, the path that the friction in the first formal bonding process is stirred can become a straight line.If the path that friction is stirred becomes a straight line, owing to the displacement that formally engages throw G being suppressed to Min., can effectively carry out the first formal bonding process, and, can reduce the abrasion loss of throw G for formal joint.
Formal joint with throw G, arrive end position E m1time, as shown in Fig. 7 (c), make formally to engage with rising on rotation limit, throw G limit, thereby make to stir pin G2 from end position E m1(with reference to Fig. 7 (b)) departs from.And, at end position E m1upper, if make, stir pin G2 and depart from towards top, inevitably form and the punching Q1 that stirs the roughly the same shape of pin G2, but still retain in the present embodiment.
Formal joint with the stirring pin G2 of throw G from end position E m1the rotary speed that formal joint when disengaging uses the rotary speed (rotary speed during disengaging) of throw G to can be compared to while moving is most also high.So, the situation that the rotary speed of the rotary speed when departing from when mobile is identical is compared, and owing to stirring, to sell the disengaging resistance of G2 little, can promptly carry out end position E m1the separating operation of stirring pin G2.
And, in the present embodiment, before the first formal bonding process, carried out the first front travel, yet, also can omit the first front travel and after the first preparatory process, directly carry out the first formal bonding process.
(4) second preparatory process
The second preparatory process is the preparatory process carrying out before the second front travel.In the present embodiment, comprising: by the back surface B side that is engaged hardware 1, towards top, and the member that is engaged that is again arranged at not shown friction agitating device arranges operation.
(4-1) be engaged member operation is set again
Arrange again in operation being engaged member, in releasing, complete after the constraint that is engaged hardware 1 of the first formal bonding process, by being engaged the surperficial back side reversion of hardware 1, make back surface B side towards top, and be again arranged on the stand of friction agitating device.In the present embodiment, make to be engaged hardware 1 and do half rotation around the antero posterior axis shown in Fig. 1, make to be engaged the surperficial back side reversion of hardware 1.
At this, Fig. 8 (a) is that the member of rejoining at the second preparatory process of present embodiment arranges after operation, the cutaway view from docking section J1 towards the first hardware 1a side.As shown in Fig. 8 (a), arrange in operation being engaged member, the upper surface that is engaged hardware 1 becomes back surface B, and when from docking section J1 side during towards the first hardware 1a, the second outstanding material 3 is positioned at the left side that is engaged hardware 1, and the first outstanding material 2 is positioned at the right side that is engaged hardware 1.
And friction agitating device is different, also can remove and be engaged the constraint of hardware 1 and the surface of revolution back side.
(5) second front travels
The second front travel is the operation of carrying out before the second formal bonding process, comprising: B side makes to be engaged (5-1) second outstanding material bonding process that hardware 1 engages with the docking section J3 of the second outstanding material 3 overleaf; Make to be engaged the interim bonding process of interim (5-2) engaging of docking section J1 of hardware 1; Make to be engaged (5-3) first outstanding material bonding process that hardware 1 engages with the docking section J2 of the first outstanding material 2; And (5-4) lower hole that lower hole is formed at the starting position that the friction of the second formal bonding process stirs is formed to operation.And, in (5-1) second outstanding material bonding process, (5-2) interim bonding process and (5-3) in the first outstanding material bonding process, use interim joint to use throw F.
(5-1) the second outstanding material bonding process, (5-2) interim bonding process and (5-3) the first outstanding material bonding process
(5-1) the second outstanding material bonding process, (5-2) interim bonding process and (5-3) the first outstanding material bonding process and the outstanding material bonding process of above-mentioned the first front travel (2-3) second, (2-2) interim bonding process and (2-1) the roughly the same operation of the first outstanding material bonding process.As shown in Fig. 8 (b), make interim a joint with throw F move and form continuous motion track (bead), with the stirring that rubs continuously of the order of docking section J3, J1, J2.That is, insert the starting position S that friction is stirred p2interim joint with the stirring pin F2 (with reference to Fig. 4 (a)) of throw F, do not depart from halfway and move to end position E p2thereby, carry out continuously (5-1) second outstanding material bonding process, (5-2) interim bonding process and (5-3) the first outstanding material bonding process.And, end position E p2become the starting position S of the second formal bonding process of carrying out subsequently m2.
At this, as shown in Figure 6, in the first front travel, from the first outstanding material 2 sides, carry out successively (2-1) first outstanding material bonding process, (2-2) interim bonding process and (2-3) the second outstanding material bonding process.On the other hand, in the second front travel, when from docking section J1 during towards hardware 1a side, the second outstanding material 3 is positioned at the left side that is engaged hardware 1, and due to the time point finishing in the first formal bonding process, there is formal joint and with the friction agitating device of throw G, be positioned at the top of the second outstanding material 3, from the second outstanding material 3 sides, carry out successively (5-1) second outstanding material bonding process, (5-2) interim bonding process and (5-3) the first outstanding material bonding process.So, owing to thering is interim joint, by the displacement of the friction agitating device of throw F, diminish, can make operation laborsaving.
And, due to (5-1) second outstanding material bonding process, (5-2) interim bonding process and (5-3) the first outstanding material bonding process detailed description and the first front travel is roughly the same omits.
(5-4) lower hole forms operation
As shown in Fig. 9 (a), it is the starting position S that the friction in the second formal bonding process is stirred that lower hole forms operation m2form the operation of lower hole P2.That is, lower hole formation operation is with the insertion precalculated position of the stirring pin G2 of throw G, to form the operation of lower hole P2 at formal joint.By this, can reduce the formal insertion resistance (resistance of pressing in) engaging with the stirring pin G2 of throw G.
And (2-4) the lower hole formation operation that forms operation and the first front travel due to (5-4) lower hole is roughly the same, description is omitted.
(6) second formal bonding processs
The second formal bonding process is the real operation engaging of docking section J1 that makes to be engaged the back surface B side of hardware 1.In the second formal bonding process of present embodiment, use formal joint to use throw G, to the docking section J1 in interim engagement state from being engaged the stirring that rubs of the back surface B side of hardware 1.
As shown in Fig. 9 (a) and Fig. 9 (b), in the second formal bonding process, the stirring pin G2 formally engaging with throw G is inserted to the starting position S that (being pressed into) is set in the back side 23 of the first outstanding material 2 m2, the stirring pin G2 of insertion does not depart from halfway and moves to end position E m2.In the second formal bonding process, from the lower hole P2 stirring that starts to rub, and carry out continuously until end position E m2.When making formally to engage while moving with throw G, the metal of the surrounding of its stirring pin G2 successively plastification flows, and from stirring the position that pin G2 departs from, the mobile metal of plastification is underhardening and form plastification region (hereinafter referred to as " rear side plastification region W2 ") again.
At this, due to the time point finishing at the second front travel, there is interim joint and with the friction agitating device of throw F, be positioned at the end position E of the first outstanding material 2 p2directly over (with reference to Fig. 8 (b)), therefore, as the starting position S of the second formal bonding process m2while being set in the top of the first outstanding material 2, thering is formal joint and do not move and just can carry out the second formal bonding process with the friction agitating device of throw G, can omit operation.
About the second formal bonding process, due to roughly the same with the first formal bonding process, description is omitted.And, although carry out in the present embodiment the second front travel, also can omit the second front travel and after the first formal bonding process, directly carry out the second formal bonding process.
(7) outstanding material excision operation
In outstanding material excision operation, the first outstanding material 2 and the second outstanding material 3 are excised from being engaged hardware 1.In the present embodiment, the hardware 1 that is engaged that finishes the second formal bonding process is removed from the stand of friction agitating device, used not shown cutting instrument along the outstanding material 2 of docking section J2, J3 excision first and the second outstanding material 3.
Figure 10 means the stereogram that is engaged hardware 1 of giving prominence to after material excision operation.As shown in figure 10, face side plastification region W1 and rear side plastification region W2 cross the second side D side and form continuously from the first side C.On the other hand, between relative face side plastification region W1 and rear side plastification region W2, form and cross the continuous small not plastification region j to the second side D side from the first side C side.
At this, in face side plastification region W1 and rear side plastification region W2, in formal direct of travel (reference arrow V1, the V2) left side engaging with throw G, on the second hardware 1b, produce and cross the continuous tunnel-shaped cavity blemish R to the second side D side from the first side C side 1, R 2.Tunnel-shaped cavity blemish R 1, R 2while stirring joint owing to rubbing, to produce burr, the formed tunnel-shaped cavity blemish of metal deficiency.
In addition, as shown in figure 10, oxide-film Z 1～Z 4be involved in the two ends of face side plastification region W1 and rear side plastification region W2.Oxide-film Z 1～Z 4to form owing to being formed at the oxide entrapment of the first side C, the second side D, the first outstanding material 2 and the second outstanding material 3 and being engaged the inside of hardware 1.For example, oxide-film Z 1be owing to making formal joint do right rotation with throw G, will be formed at the oxide entrapment of the second side D and the first outstanding material 2, be easily formed at the second hardware 1b side of rear side plastification region W2.
(8) groove forms operation
As shown in figure 11, it is on the first side C and the second side D that groove forms operation, forms the operation of groove K along docking section J1.Groove K is the groove of the concavity of configuration joint member U in joint member arrangement step described later.Groove K is used known end mill method, with the width k stipulating 1, degree of depth k 2from back surface B, cross that surface A forms continuously.
By groove K is set, carrying out configuring joint member U when joint member bonding process described later, and can remove oxide-film Z 1～Z 4(with reference to Figure 10).Be the width k of groove K 1and degree of depth k 2only need be corresponding to oxide-film Z 1～Z 4size (scope) and suitably set.In the present embodiment, the cross section of groove K is rectangular, but is not limited thereto, and other shape also can.For roughly seamlessly chimeric with joint member U, the cross sectional shape of groove K cross sectional shape best and joint member U is roughly the same.
(9) first repair by welding operations
Figure 12 is the top view that groove forms the first side C side after operation.As shown in figure 12, the first repair by welding operation is that the not plastification region j of bottom surface kb to being exposed to groove K is by welding the operation of repairing.In addition, as shown in the embodiment, at tunnel-shaped cavity blemish R 1, R 2expose in the situation of bottom surface kb, preferably carry out the repairing of this tunnel-like cavity blemish.
As previously mentioned, in the present embodiment, on the kb of the bottom surface of groove K, between face side plastification region W1 and rear side plastification region W2, expose and have not plastification region j.In addition, on the kb of bottom surface, tunnel-like cavity blemish R 1and tunnel-like cavity blemish R 2be exposed to respectively face side plastification region W1 and rear side plastification region W2.
Therefore, by the total length of plastification region j not with weld metal T 1weld and gap is sealed.In addition, by tunnel-like cavity blemish R 1, R 2weld, utilize weld metal T2 closing gap.So, by the gap (space) that landfill exposes bottom surface kb in advance, can improve air-tightness and watertightness between the first side C and the second side D.
Welding kind in the first repair by welding operation does not have specific (special) requirements, but preferably after carrying out projection welding such as MIG welding, TIG welding etc., will protrude from the jut excision of the bottom surface kb of groove K, makes bottom surface kb level and smooth.By bottom surface kb is formed smoothly, when aftermentioned joint member U is disposed to groove K, can dwindle the gap of the bottom surface kb of joint member U and groove K.
And, because the inside at face side plastification region W1 and rear side plastification district W2 may form the cavity blemish that does not expose bottom surface kb, therefore, also can effects on surface side plastification region W1 and the whole surface of rear side plastification region W2 carry out preparatory repair by welding.
(10) the 3rd preparatory process
The 3rd preparatory process is the operation of carrying out before the first joint member bonding process.In the present embodiment, the 3rd preparatory process comprises: (10-1) the first joint member arrangement step that configures the first joint member U (U1) at groove K; In (10-2) the outstanding material arrangement step that is engaged the outstanding material 2 of two sides configuration first and the second outstanding material 3 of hardware 1; By weld the first outstanding material 2 with the second outstanding material 3 be engaged (10-3) that hardware 1 engages temporarily welding sequence temporarily; And be engaged hardware operation is set disposing being engaged of outstanding material (10-4) that hardware 1 is arranged at the stand of friction agitating device.
(10-1) the first joint member arrangement step
As shown in FIG. 13 and 14, the first joint member arrangement step is the first joint member U1 to be disposed to the operation of the groove K that is formed at the first side C.Below, the structure of the first joint member U1 is described in detail.
As shown in figure 13, the first joint member U1 is the tabular component that cross section is rectangle, and the both ends of the surface of length direction flush with surface A and back surface B.As shown in Figure 14 (a), the width u of the first joint member U1 1width k with groove K 1roughly the same, the thickness u of the first joint member U1 2thickness k with groove K 2roughly the same.In addition, side uc, the ud of the first joint member U1 and wall kc, the kd of groove K dock and configure.
That is, as shown in Figure 14 (a) and Figure 14 (b), the upper surface ua of the first joint member U1 flushes with the first side C, and forms the first docking section J4 at the side uc of the first joint member U1 and the wall kc of groove K.In addition, at the side ud of the first joint member U1 and the wall kd of groove K, form the second docking section J5.That is, the first docking section J4 is by the first joint member U1 and the formed part of the first hardware 1a.In addition, the second docking section J5 is by the first joint member U1 and the formed part of the second hardware 1b.In addition, by the lower surface ub of the first joint member U1 and the bottom surface kb of groove K, form boundary portion J6.In addition, at the upper surface ua of the first joint member U1, using the part of the center line that comprises length direction as central portion J7.
And, although in the present embodiment, the first joint member U1 is consisted of the hardware identical with being engaged hardware 1, but is not limited thereto, such as the metal material that also can be aluminium, aluminium alloy, copper, copper alloy, titanium, titanium alloy, magnesium, magnesium alloy etc. and can rub and stir.
(10-2) outstanding material arrangement step
As shown in Figure 15 (a), in outstanding material arrangement step, the outstanding material 2 of the configuration of the face side plastification region W1 in A first, makes its bearing surface 21 be connected to surface A surfacewise.And material 3 is given prominence in the rear side plastification region W2 configuration second in back surface B, makes its bearing surface 31 be connected to back surface B.
And although do not illustrate particularly, the surface of the first outstanding material 2 and the second outstanding material 3 flushes with the first side C that is engaged hardware 1.In addition, the first outstanding material 2 flushes with the second side D that is engaged hardware 1 with the back side of the second outstanding material 3.By the first outstanding material 2 and the second outstanding material 3 are added in being engaged hardware 1, can easily set the starting position (insertion position) of throw, and can promptly rub and stir joint.
(10-3) interim welding sequence
As shown in Figure 15 (a), in interim welding sequence, to welding with the first outstanding material 2 formed inner side bight 2a, 2b by being engaged hardware 1, thereby give prominence to material 2 and engage being temporarily engaged hardware 1 and first.In addition, to by being engaged hardware 1 and the second outstanding material 3 formed inner side bight 3a, 3b welds, thereby give prominence to material 3 and engage being temporarily engaged hardware 1 and second.
(10-4) be engaged hardware operation is set
As shown in Figure 15 (a), arrange in operation being engaged hardware, by being engaged hardware, be arranged on the stand of not shown friction agitating device, so that the first side C is positioned at upper surface, and from overlooking direction, the first outstanding material 2 is positioned at left side.
And, in the 3rd preparatory process, carry out as described above in the present embodiment, but for example also can carry out the first joint member arrangement step after operation is set being engaged hardware.
(11) first joint member bonding processs
As shown in Figure 15 and Figure 16, the first joint member bonding process is the operation that rubs and stir to engage being disposed at the first joint member U1 of the first side C.In the present embodiment, the first joint member bonding process comprises: along the first docking section J4, rub and stir (11-1) the first docking bonding process engaging; Along central portion J7, rub and stir (11-2) central portion bonding process engaging; And rub and stir (11-3) the second docking section bonding process engaging along the second docking section J5.
The first joint member bonding process is from starting position, to end position, throw not to be departed to rub and stir the operation engaging with continuous track.And, in the first joint member bonding process, use the little relatively effectively interim joint throw that rotates.In the present embodiment, make interim joint with throw F do dextrorotation then rub to stir to engage.
(11-1) the first docking section bonding process
The first docking section bonding process is from being formed at the surperficial starting position S of the first outstanding material 2 m3along the first docking section J4 to a f that turns back 2till the operation that rubs and stir to engage.At starting position S m3pushing is interim to be engaged with after throw F, makes the interim starting point f towards the first docking section bonding process with throw F that engages 1relatively move.Then, at starting point f 1do not depart from and according to this state cross docking section J8, move to a f that turns back 2.Will be in the first docking section bonding process formed plastification region as the first plastification region, side w 1.
At this, as shown in Figure 15 (b), the first side plastification region w 1degree of depth wa and the thickness u of the first joint member U1 2preferably set wa>u for 2.By this, the total length and rubbing that can cross the thickness direction of the first docking section J4 stir to engage.
And, interim joint with the depth of burying p of throw F to stir the length L of pin F2 2with the amount of the being pressed into q (distance from the first side C to the lower surface of shoulder F1) of throw F, be expressed as p=L with interim joint 2+ q.For example, the thickness u of depth of burying p and the first joint member U1 2if relation set p≤u for 2, can rub more reliably to stir engages.
In addition, as shown in Figure 15 (b), the interim external diameter X engaging with the shoulder F1 of throw F 1width u with the first joint member U1 1relation be preferably set as 3 * X 1>u 1.By this setting, can rub to stir to the whole surface of the upper surface ua of the first joint member U1 engages.
In the present embodiment, a f that turns back 2be set in the first joint member U1.That is, from overlooking direction, see a f that turns back 2be positioned at rear side plastification region W2, from back surface B to a f that turns back 2distance d 1with the interim external diameter X engaging with the shoulder F1 of throw F 1the relation of (with reference to Fig. 4 (a)) is preferably set X for 1/ 2<d 1.By a f that will turn back 2set like this, make interim joint can not touch back surface B with throw F.By this, owing to being formed at the oxide entrapment first joint member U1 side of back surface B, therefore can form air-tightness and watertightness high be engaged hardware 1.
In addition, in the present embodiment, although a f that turns back 2be located at and be engaged in hardware 1, but be not limited thereto, also can be located at the second outstanding material 3.
(11-2) central portion bonding process
Central portion bonding process is the starting point f from central portion bonding process 3a f that turns back along central portion J7 to central portion bonding process 4rub continuously and stir the operation engaging.That is,, after the first docking section bonding process finishes, make interim joint not depart from and move substantially in parallel with back surface B with throw F, from a f that turns back 2to starting point f 3rub to stir and engage.Then, arrive starting point f 3afterwards, along central portion J7 (docking section J1), rub and stir joint.By this, at the middle body of the first joint member U1, can rub to stir engages.
In addition, as shown in Figure 15 (b), formed the first side plastification region w in central portion bonding process 2degree of depth wa set for than the thickness u of the first joint member U 2also large.And, the starting point f of setting central portion bonding process 3make it from overlooking direction, see and be positioned at rear side plastification region W2, set a f that turns back 4make it from overlooking direction, see and be positioned at face side plastification region W1.By this, owing to crossing not the total length of plastification region j, rub to stir and engage, more reliably closing gap.
In the present embodiment, a f that turns back for central portion bonding process 4be set in the first joint member U1.That is a, f that turns back 4from overlooking direction, see and be set in face side plastification region W1, from surface A to a f that turns back 4distance d 2with the interim external diameter X engaging with the shoulder F1 of throw F 1the relation of (with reference to Fig. 4 (a)) is X preferably 1/ 2<d 2.By a setting like this f that turns back 4, make interim joint cannot touch surface A with throw F.By this, due to oxide entrapment the first joint member U1 side forming in surface A, therefore can form air-tightness and watertightness high be engaged hardware 1.
(11-3) the second docking section bonding process
The second docking section bonding process is the starting point f from the second docking section 5along the second docking section J5 to end position E m3and rub continuously, stir the operation engaging.That is,, after central portion bonding process finishes, make interim joint not depart from and move substantially in parallel with surface A with throw F, from a f that turns back 4to starting point f 5till rub and stir to engage.Arrive starting point f 5afterwards, along the second docking section J5, rub and stir joint.Then, at the terminal f that arrives the second docking section bonding process 6afterwards, state crosses docking section J9 and moves to end position E according to this m3, interim joint with throw F departed from from the second outstanding material 3.
As shown in Figure 15 (b), formed the first side plastification region w in the second docking section bonding process 3degree of depth wa than the thickness u of the first joint member 2also large.By this, the total length and rubbing that can cross the thickness direction of the second docking section J5 stir to engage.
From overlooking direction, in above-mentioned the first joint member bonding process, form as the track of Figure 16.That is, the first joint member U1 except the part at the two ends of the first joint member U1 by the first side plastification region w 1～w 3institute covers.In addition,, as shown in Figure 15 (b), the whole cross section of the first joint member U1 is at the first side plastification region w 1～w 3stirring rubs.
In the first joint member bonding process, as in the embodiment described in, the boundary portion J6 of ub below that is formed at the bottom surface kb of groove K and the first joint member U preferably can be crossed the whole stirring that rub outwardly and be engaged.By this, the bottom surface kb due to groove K is surveyed plastification region w by face side plastification region W1, rear side plastification region W2 and the first side 1～w 3friction is stirred, therefore, and energy gapless and the reliably J1 of closed and butted portion.
And, as shown in Figure 14 (b), the width k of groove K 1be preferably formed as k with the width n of rear side plastification region W2 1<n.By this, due to the width u of the first joint member U1 1therefore can set for littlely, can improve operating efficiency.
That is, in the present embodiment, due to the width u of the first joint member U1 1with the interim external diameter X engaging with the shoulder F1 of throw F 1relation be rub and stir joints with three times (back and forth once half), but be not limited thereto, at the width u of the first joint member U 1external diameter X with shoulder 1the approaching situation of length under, also can carry out once or secondary.
On the other hand, at the width u of the first joint member U 1external diameter X with shoulder 1length difference become in large situation, also can carry out more than four times.In addition, not necessarily the track with straight line carries out, and rubs to stir to engage also can with jagged track.
(12) the 4th preparatory process
The 4th preparatory process is the operation of carrying out before the second joint member bonding process.In the present embodiment, the 4th preparatory process comprises: (12-1) the second joint member arrangement step that the second joint member U (U2) is disposed to groove K; (12-2) that hardware 1 is arranged at friction agitating device that be engaged that disposes the second joint member U2 is engaged to hardware operation is set.Due to the 4th preparatory process and the 3rd preparatory process roughly the same, therefore explain simply.
(12-1) the second joint member arrangement step
First, after the first joint member bonding process finishes, the hardware 1 that is engaged being fixed on the stand of not shown friction agitating device is pulled down,, the second joint member U2 is disposed to the groove K that is formed at the second side D by the second side D side upward.
(12-2) be engaged hardware operation is set
Then, as shown in figure 17, seeing be engaged hardware 1 in the situation that from overlooking direction, by being engaged hardware 1, be arranged on not shown friction agitating device, make the second outstanding material 3 be disposed at left side, the first outstanding material 2 is disposed at right side.
And, also can be engaged after hardware arranges operation carrying out (12-2), carry out (12-1) second joint member arrangement step.
(13) second joint member bonding processs
As shown in figure 17, the second joint member bonding process is the operation that rubs and stir on the second joint member U2 of the second side D being disposed at.In the present embodiment, the second joint member bonding process comprises: (13-1) second docking section bonding process that the second docking section J5 ' is rubbed and stirred; Central portion J7 is rubbed and stirs (13-2) central portion bonding process engaging; The first docking section J4 ' is rubbed and stirs (13-3) the first docking section bonding process engaging.
As shown in figure 17, in the second joint member bonding process, from being set in the surperficial starting position S of the first outstanding material 2 m4to the surperficial end position E that is set in the second outstanding material 3 m4till, make interim joint with throw F not depart from and rub and stir joint with continuous path.
When the time point finishing in the first joint member bonding process is seen jointing metal member 1 from overlooking direction, not shown friction agitating device is disposed at the right side that is engaged hardware 1.Therefore, the starting position S of the second joint member bonding process m4preferably be set in the surface of the second outstanding material 3.By this, can omit the action of friction agitating device and improve operating efficiency.
Due to (13-1) second docking section bonding process, (13-2) central portion bonding process and (13-3) the first docking section bonding process be respectively above-mentioned (11-3) second docking section bonding process, (11-2) central portion bonding process and operation that (11-1) the first docking section bonding process rubs and stirs from opposition side, therefore omit detailed explanation.And the plastification region forming in the second joint member bonding process is respectively the second side plastification region w 1'～w 3'.
(14) outstanding material excision operation
In outstanding material excision operation, the first outstanding material 2 and the second outstanding material 3 are excised from being engaged hardware 1.In the present embodiment, the hardware 1 that is engaged after the second joint member bonding process is finished takes off from the stand of friction agitating device, uses not shown cutting instrument to give prominence to material 2 along first and with the docking section J9 that is engaged hardware 1, the first outstanding material 2 and second is given prominence to material 3 excisions with the docking section J8 and the second outstanding material 3 that are engaged hardware 1.
(14) second repair by welding operations
The second repair by welding operation is to formed the first plastification region, side w in the first joint member bonding process and the second joint member bonding process 1, w 3and at the second side plastification region w 1' and w 3' the tunnel-like cavity blemish that forms and oxide-film be by welding the operation of repairing.
That is, as shown in figure 18, may be at the first side plastification region w 1surface A, from surface A to back surface B side, form continuous tunnel-like cavity blemish r 1.Therefore, by tunnel-like cavity blemish r 1weld with weld metal T 3sealing tunnel-like cavity blemish r 1, and can broken surface A and back surface B.
In addition, at the first plastification region, side w of surface A 1in, may with throw F, cross surface A by interim joint and form oxide-film z 1.Therefore, by oxide-film z 1weld, with weld metal T 4sealing oxide-film z 1space.
So, by the first side plastification region w 1the tunnel-like cavity blemish r of welding exposing surface A 1and oxide-film z 1and seal, thereby can form air-tightness and watertightness higher be engaged hardware 1.And, at the first side plastification region w 3, the second side plastification region w 1', the second side plastification region w 3' in, also can form tunnel-like cavity blemish and oxide-film.In this case, survey plastification region w with the first side 1can carry out the second repair by welding operation equally respectively.
And, as shown in figure 18, in the first joint member U1, also can weld docking section J5 and boundary portion J6, thus the gap of sealing the second docking section J5 and boundary portion J6.By this, can form air-tightness and watertightness higher be engaged hardware 1.
As described above, according to the joint method of present embodiment, by the first side C and the second side D being engaged hardware 1, form groove K, can remove the oxide-film Z that may be involved in the side that is engaged hardware 1 1～Z 4.In addition, by joint member U being disposed to not plastification region j, the cavity blemish R that exposes groove K (being formed at the first side C and the second side D) 1and R 2, and the first docking section J4, the central portion J7 of butt joint member U and groove K and the second docking section J5 rub to stir and engage, and can seal not plastification region j, cavity blemish R 1and R 2.By this, can improve air-tightness and watertightness between the both sides that are engaged hardware 1, and can make high-quality product.
In addition, in the present embodiment, because the both ends of the surface of joint member U flush with surface A and back surface B, therefore can disconnect reliably the tunnel-like cavity blemish R of the bottom surface kb that exposes groove K 1, R 2, and can make the surface A and the back surface B that are engaged hardware 1 form flat condition.In addition, by rubbing via joint member U, stir and engage, can improve the bond strength of docking section J1.
Although above embodiments of the present invention are described, the present invention is not limited to aforesaid way, can do suitable change.For example, in the present embodiment, although joint member bonding process is carried out in the two sides of the first side C and the second side D, also can carry out joint member bonding process to the side of either side.In addition, process sequence just illustrates, also change order suitably.
In addition, as shown in figure 19, also can be according to the width u of joint member U ' 1with the interim external diameter X engaging with the shoulder F1 of throw F 1relation, the first docking section J4 and the second docking section J5 are only carried out to secondary friction and stir and engage.By this, owing to reducing operation, can more promptly engage.
In addition, in the present embodiment, although use the first outstanding material 2 and the second outstanding material 3, do not use these members can rub yet and stir joint.
Embodiment two
Then, embodiments of the present invention two are described.
As shown in figure 20, the feature of the joint method of embodiment two is, make the surface A that is engaged hardware 1 and the back surface B that by the first hardware 1a and the second hardware 1b docking, are formed stir and engage by friction, and to being engaged the two sides of hardware 1, after inserting repairing member 201～203, along this repairing member 201～203, by friction, stir and engage.
Due to the first hardware 1a in the joint method of embodiment two, the second hardware 1b, to be engaged hardware 1, the first outstanding material 2 and the second outstanding material 3 roughly the same with embodiment one, and the description thereof will be omitted.
Below, describe the joint method of present embodiment in detail.The joint method of present embodiment comprises that (1) first preparatory process, (2) first front travels, (3) first formal bonding processs, (4) second preparatory process, (5) second front travels, (6) second formal bonding processs, (7) outstanding material excision operation, (8) repairing member insert operation, (9) the first formal bonding processs in side, (10) the second formal bonding processs in side.Owing to giving prominence to from (1) first preparatory process to (7), material excision operation and embodiment one are roughly the same, and description is omitted.
(8) repair member and insert operation
As shown in figure 21, repairing member insertion operation is to insert the operation of respectively repairing member to being engaged the side of hardware 1.In the present embodiment, repairing member insertion operation comprises: at tunnel-like cavity blemish R 1, R 2the slotted eye that forms slotted eye 212,213 forms operation; The recess that forms recess 211 at plastification region j not forms operation; And each is repaired to the repairing member insertion operation that member inserts slotted eye 212,213 and recess 211.
As shown in figure 22, at slotted eye, form in operation, at the tunnel-like cavity blemish R that comes across the first side C and the second side D (diagram is omitted) 1, R 2surrounding in known end mill mode etc., be cut to the degree of depth of regulation and form slotted eye 212,213.Slotted eye 212,213 is approximate same size in the present embodiment.Although it is cylindric that slotted eye 212,213 forms, its shape indefinite.
And, even if tunnel-like cavity blemish R1, R2 do not appear at the first side C and the second side D (not exposing), because cavity blemish is sometimes present in inside, also can form slotted eye 212,213 in the appropriate location of the face side plastification region W1 of the first side C and the second side D and the second hardware 1b side of rear side plastification region W2.
As shown in Figure 21 and Figure 22, it is with cuttings such as known end mills, to form the operation of recess 211 to coming across the surrounding of the not plastification region j of the first side C and the second side D that recess forms operation.In the present embodiment, recess 211 is seen and is oval shape from overlooking direction, and forms with the degree of depth of regulation.Although the shape of recess 211 indefinite, be preferably in the not total length of plastification region j and form continuously, and overlapping with face side plastification region W1 and rear side plastification region W2.And in the present embodiment, the degree of depth of recess 211 is identical with the degree of depth of slotted eye 212,213.
And, as shown in Figure 22 (b), preferably make from docking section J1 to tunnel-like cavity blemish R 1the distance at center and the distance till the long limit 211a of a side from docking section J1 to recess 211 about equally.By this, in the formal bonding process in side described later, can make the path shape of friction stirring in line.
As shown in figure 22, in repairing member insertion operation, the first blank part is repaired to member 202, the second blank part repairing member 203 insertion slotted eyes 212,213, and recess is repaired to member 201 and insert recess 211.The first blank part is repaired member 202 and the second blank part and is repaired member 203 and be engaged hardware 1 and have identical composition, and roughly the same with the shape of slotted eye 212,213.By this, the first blank part is repaired member 202, the second blank part is repaired member 203 and is substantially seamlessly disposed at slotted eye 212,213.
In addition, recess is repaired member 201 and is engaged hardware 1 for identical composition, and roughly the same with the shape of recess 211.By this, recess is repaired member 201 and is substantially seamlessly disposed at recess 211.
And, although repairing the surface of member 201, the first blank part repairing member 202 and the second blank part repairing member 203, recess flushes with the first side C, and indefinite, the thickness that also can increase each member makes each member outstanding from the first side C.In addition, although take the first side C in explanation, be example, at the second side D, also can similarly carry out that slotted eye forms operation, recess forms operation and repairs member and insert operation.
(9) the first formal bonding processs in side
As shown in figure 23, in the first formal bonding process in side, the first side C is used to the interim stirring that rubs with throw F that engages.The first formal bonding process in side comprises: in the outstanding material arrangement step that is engaged a pair of outstanding material of hardware 1 configuration; The second blank part is repaired to the second blank part repairing member friction agitating procedure that member 203 rubs and stirs; Recess is repaired to the rub recess that stirs of member 201 and the docking section J2 that is engaged hardware 1 and repair the member agitating procedure that rubs; And the first blank part is repaired to the first blank part repairing member friction agitating procedure that member 202 rubs and stirs.
In outstanding material arrangement step, being engaged the outstanding material 4 of back surface B configuration first of hardware 1, at the outstanding material 5 of surface A configuration second.The both ends of the surface of the first outstanding material 4 and the second outstanding material 5 flush with the second side D (diagram is omitted) with the first side C that is engaged hardware 1.In addition, by engage with the first outstanding material 4 and the second outstanding material 5 welding being engaged hardware 1 temporarily.
As shown in Figure 23 (a), at the second blank part, repair in member friction agitating procedure, the second blank part is repaired to member 203 stirring that rubs.In the present embodiment, will engage with throw F and insert the starting position S that is set in the first outstanding material 4 temporarily m3in the integral body that stirs pin F2, enter the first outstanding material 4, and after the Surface Contact of the whole surface of the lower surface F11 of shoulder F1 and the first outstanding material 4, towards being engaged hardware 1 side, relatively move, in addition, crossing docking section J4 repairs on member 203 and moves at the second blank part.
At this, as shown in Figure 23 (b), the first side plastification region W3 forming in the first formal bonding process in side preferably forms the second blank part and repairs the inside that member 203 is all contained in the first side plastification region W3.By this, the second blank part is repaired member 203 and is all rubbed and stir with the bottom surface of slotted eye 213 and the docking section of side (interface), thereby can seal reliably tunnel-like cavity blemish R 2.
Interim engage with throw F, by the second blank part, repair member 203 after, state moves to recess and repairs member friction agitating procedure according to this.At recess, repair in member friction agitating procedure the periphery of repairing member 201 along the recess stirring that rubs continuously.That is the docking section J20b that, repairs member 201 along the second hardware 1b with docking section J20a, the first hardware 1a and the recess of recess repairing member 201 makes to engage with throw F and relatively moves and the stirring that rubs temporarily.Because the degree of depth of the depth ratio recess 211 of the first side plastification region W3 is large, the total length of the depth direction of the stirring docking section J20 that therefore can rub.
As shown in Figure 23 (c), make interim joint by the periphery that throw F repairs member 201 along recess move a circle, after the friction stirring to docking section J20a and docking section J20b finishes, interim joint do not departed from throw F, and according to this state once again along the docking section J20a stirring that rubs, at the first blank part, repair on member 202 and move, and move to the first blank part, repair member friction agitating procedure.Although there is no concrete diagram, in the first formal bonding process in side, formed the first side plastification region W3 preferably comprises the whole of the first blank part repairing member 202.That is, the first blank part is repaired member 202 and the bottom surface of slotted eye 212 and the docking section of side preferably by friction stirring.By this, can seal reliably tunnel-like cavity blemish R 1end.
Then, interim engage with throw F, by the first cavity, repair on member 202 after, state crosses docking section J5 according to this, at the end position E that is set in the second outstanding material 5 m3interim joint with throw F departed from.
And in the present embodiment, the stirring although the periphery of only recess being repaired to member 201 rubs, is not limited thereto, the stirring that rubs of the whole surface that also can repair member 201 to recess.The docking section of now, preferably the bottom surface of recess 211 and recess being repaired to member 201 stirring that all rubs.By this, can further improve watertightness and air-tightness.
In addition, at the first blank part, repair member friction agitating procedure, the second blank part is repaired in member friction agitating procedure, due to the first blank part repair diameter that member 202 and the second blank part repair member 203 than the width of the first side plastification region W3 (with the interim external diameter X that engages the shoulder F1 that uses throw F 1about equally) also little, to engage temporarily, with throw F, by the first blank part, repair member 202 and the second blank part and repair member 203 stirring that rubs.But, in the situation that the diameter of the first blank part repairing member 202 and the second blank part repairing member 203 is also larger than the external diameter of the shoulder of throw, the periphery that also can make throw repair member 202 and the second blank part repairing member 203 along the first blank part moves and the stirring that rubs.In addition, in this case, also can make throw back and forth and cross the first blank part and repair member 202 and the second blank part and repair the stirring that rubs of the whole surface of member 203.
(9) the second formal bonding processs in side
In the second formal bonding process in side, although diagram particularly is used the interim stirring that rubs with throw F that engages to the second side D.The plastification region forming in the second formal bonding process in side is hereinafter referred to as the second side plastification region (diagram is omitted).Due to the second formal bonding process in side stirs except the second side D is rubbed, all the other are roughly the same with the formal bonding process in the first side, so omit its detailed explanation.And, in the present embodiment, as the formal bonding process in side, although carry out the formal bonding process of the first formal bonding process in side and the second side from being engaged the two sides of hardware 1, only carry out one of them.In addition,, in the formal bonding process in the side of present embodiment, although use interim joint to use throw F, also can use the throw of other size.
According to joint method described above, owing to recess being repaired to member 201, insert the recess 211 that is formed at the side that is engaged hardware 1, therefore can seal not plastification region j.In addition,, due to the first blank part repairing member 202 and the second blank part repairing member 203 are inserted respectively to slotted eye 212,213, therefore can seal cavity blemish R 1, R 2end.Then, due in the formal bonding process in side, recess is repaired to member 201, the first cavity and repair member 202 and the second cavity and repair the stirring that rub of member 203 and the docking section that is engaged hardware 1, so can improve air-tightness and the watertightness that is engaged hardware 1.In addition,, because recess 211 is overlapping with face side plastification region W1 and rear side plastification region W2, therefore, the first side plastification region W3 and face side plastification region W1 and rear side plastic region region W2 can be overlapping.By this, because plastification region j (with reference to Fig. 8) not is all closed, therefore can further improve air-tightness and watertightness.
In addition,, due in the formal bonding process of the first formal bonding process in side and the second side, the temporary transient interim joint inserting does not depart from throw F and halfway with the stirring that rubs of continuous track, so can improve workability.
At this, to tunnel-like cavity blemish R 1, R 2rub when stirring, if do not use, respectively repair member, owing to being used for filling in tunnel-like cavity blemish R 1, R 2metal not enough, the groove inevitably forming on the surface of the first side plastification region W3 may become large.But as present embodiment, by inserting, member 202 is repaired in the first cavity and the deficiency that member 203 can make up metal is repaired in the second cavity.
Although above embodiments of the present invention are described, within not departing from the scope of purport of the present invention, can do suitable change.And, in the following description, omit the explanation identical with embodiment two.
Embodiment three
Then, embodiments of the present invention three are described.
In embodiment two, recess is repaired to member 201, the first cavity repairing member 202 and the second cavity and repair member 203 insertion recess 211, slotted eye 212 and slotted eyes 213, but as shown in embodiment three, for example also can be to recess 211, slotted eye 212,213 welds and carries out weld metal filling procedure.
Although without concrete diagram, in the 3rd embodiment, weld metal filling procedure comprises: the slotted eye that forms slotted eye at tunnel-like cavity blemish forms operation; The recess that forms recess in plastification region not forms operation; And by weld metal filling in the weld metal filling procedure of slotted eye and recess.Because slotted eye forms operation and recess, to form operation roughly the same with embodiment two, so the description thereof will be omitted.
In weld metal filling procedure, carry out projection welding such as TIG welding or MIG welding, only need be by weld metal filling in recess 211, slotted eye 212,213 (with reference to Figure 22).In addition,, in the formal bonding process in side, by recess 211, the stirring that all rubs of the boundary face of slotted eye 212,213 and above-mentioned weld metal, can improve the air-tightness and the watertightness that are engaged hardware 1.In addition,, due to the stirring that rubs of limit pushing weld metal limit, can further improve air-tightness and watertightness.
And, the in the situation that of embodiment two, carry out projection welding, preferably cut from the first side C (the second side D) outstanding weld metal and form smoothly the first side C (the second side D).In addition, also the repairing member in embodiment two capable of being combined inserts operation and engages with weld metal filling procedure in embodiment three.
In addition, for example also can, before recess forms operation, in the first side C and the second side D, use interim joint with throw F, docking section J1 and outstanding material to be engaged with the docking section that is engaged hardware 1 temporarily.In addition, be engaged the thickness attenuation of hardware 1, in the overlapping situation of face side plastification region W1 and rear side plastification region W2, can not using recess 211 and recess to repair member 201.
In addition, in the situation that face side plastification region W1 and rear side plastification region W2 are formed with oxide-film, preferably by welding, seal this oxide-film, thereby improve watertightness and the air-tightness that is engaged metal 1.
In addition, the throw of take is in the present embodiment made the situation of right rotation as example is described, and in the situation that making throw do anticlockwise, may form tunnel-like cavity blemish on the direct of travel right side of throw.That is, can set suitably the region that rubs and stir according to the direction of rotation of throw and direct of travel.In addition, in the present embodiment, the periphery of cutting tunnel-like cavity blemish and form slotted eye, but be not limited to this, state is repaired member by blank part and is inserted in tunnel-like cavity blemish according to this.
Embodiment four
Then, embodiments of the present invention four are explained.
As shown in figure 24, the manufacture method of the joined structure of embodiment four is the manufacture methods that make the joined structure 1A that the end face of the first hardware 1a and the end face of the second hardware 1b dock, after the surface A of joined structure 1A and back surface B rub and stir and engage, from the first side C and the second side D, rub and stir joint.
The manufacture method of the joined structure of present embodiment comprises: (1) first preparatory process, (2) first front travels, (3) first formal bonding processs, (4) second preparatory process, (5) second front travels, (6) second formal bonding processs, (7) outstanding material excision operation, (8) the 3rd formal bonding processs, (9) first repair procedure, (10) the 4th formal bonding processs, (11) second repair procedure.
And till the outstanding material excision operation from (1) first preparatory process to (7), except the allocation position of the first hardware 1a and the second hardware 1b, all the other are roughly the same with embodiment one, so omit its detailed explanation.That is,, in embodiment four, as shown in figure 24, the second hardware 1b is disposed to front side, and the first hardware 1a is disposed to rear side.
At this, after Figure 25 means that the second formal bonding process of embodiment four finishes, remove the stereogram of the joined structure of the state of giving prominence to material.As shown in figure 25, after (7) of embodiment four outstanding material excision operation finishes, on the rear side plastification region W2 that the face side plastification region W1 forming in surface A side and back surface B side form, direct of travel V1, V2 along formal joint with throw G, cross the second side D from the first side C and produce continuous tunnel-like cavity blemish R1, R2.This cavity blemish R1, R2 are owing to rubbing while stirring, and owing to producing many places burr, cause the filling metal deficiency in gap of landfill docking section J1 formed.
And, after the second formal bonding process finishes, be exposed to each cavity blemish R1 of two sides C, the D of joined structure 1A, the open end of R2, by carrying out the open end of each cavity blemish of projection welded closure R1, the R2 such as TIG welding or MIG welding, thereby can improve air-tightness and watertightness.
(8) the 3rd formal bonding processs
As shown in figure 27, the 3rd formal bonding process is the docking section J1 to the first hardware 1a and the second hardware 1b, from the first side C of joined structure 1A, rubs and stirs the operation engaging.
The 3rd formal bonding process comprises: docking section J1 is carried out to the interim interim bonding process engaging; The lower hole that is pre-formed lower hole in the insertion precalculated position of the first throw forms operation; The formal bonding process that docking section J1 is rubbed and stirred from the first side C.
In the 3rd formal bonding process, after the second formal bonding process finishes, by joined structure 1A never illustrated friction agitating device temporarily take off, make the first side C towards above and again under fixing state, carry out interim bonding process, lower hole forms operation and formal bonding process.
As shown in the 26th figure, in interim bonding process, make interim joint with throw F from the starting position P5 of friction stirring of side 14a that is set in the first hardware 1a to till end position P6, to form the motion track of コ word shape, move, to the docking section J1 of the first hardware 1a and the second hardware 1b stirring that rubs.Particularly, from starting position P5, the seam of part, the first hardware 1a and the second hardware 1b by face side plastification region W1 is, the part of rear side plastification region W2 moves to end position P6.
Afterwards, after joint arrives end position P6 with throw F temporarily, make interim joint make to stir pin F2 with liter on rotation limit, throw F limit and depart from from end position P6.
As shown in Figure 28 (a), it is in the formal operation that is pre-formed lower hole Q3 with the insertion precalculated position of throw G that engages that lower hole forms operation.In lower hole, form in operation, formed punching is carried out reaming with drill bit when interim joint is departed from from end position P6 with the stirring pin F2 of throw F, thus on the end position P6 of side 14a that is set in the first hardware 1a hole Q3 under formation.The object that this lower hole Q3 is set is to reduce the formal resistance of pressing in engaging with the stirring pin G2 of throw G.And the starting position P7 that end position P6 is the friction stirring of formal bonding process described later is stirred in the friction in the interim bonding process of present embodiment.
As shown in figure 27, formal bonding process is the operation that rubs and stir exposing the docking section J1 of the first side C of joined structure 1A.
First, as shown in Figure 28 (a), by formally engaging stirring pin G2 with throw G, insert in the lower hole Q3 of starting position P7 of the side 14a that is formed at the first hardware 1a, utilize the throw G stirring that rubs for formal joint.Then, as shown in figure 27, make formal joint with throw G from being set in the starting position P7 of the side 14a of the first hardware 1a, move to end position P8 with the motion track of コ word shape, to the docking section J1 of the first hardware 1a and the second hardware 1b stirring that rubs.
Particularly, from starting position P7 by the seam of end, the first hardware 1a and the second hardware 1b of the rear side plastification region W2 of back surface B side and the end of the face side plastification region W1 of surface A side and move to end position P8, thereby at the first side C, form the first side plastification region W3 of コ word shape.Utilize the face side plastification region W1 of this first side plastification region W3 confining surface A side and the not plastification region between the rear side plastification region W2 of back surface B side.
At this, in being formed at the first side plastification region W3 of the first side C, along formal joint, with the direct of travel V3 of throw G, produce tunnel-like cavity blemish R3.As present embodiment, make formally to engage do right rotation with throw G in the situation that, formal joint with the left side of the direct of travel V3 of throw G, be formed with cavity blemish R3.That is, in the present embodiment, set cavity blemish R3 for corresponding to the groove inner side of the motion track of コ word shape, in the groove inner side that forms the first side plastification region W3 of コ word shape, be formed with cavity blemish R3.
Formal joint, use throw G to arrive after end position P8, make formal joint with rising on rotation limit, throw G limit make stirring pin G2 depart from end position P8.So, as shown in Figure 28 (b), when stir pin G2 end position P8 towards above while departing from, at end position P8, form and the punching Q4 that stirs the roughly the same shape of pin G2.
(9) first repair procedure
The first repair procedure comprises: in the 3rd formal bonding process, the filling of filling the punching Q4 on the side 14a that is filled in the first hardware 1a with hardware h is inserted to operation (with reference to Figure 28 (b)) with hardware; To joined structure 1A with fill with the docking section J4 of hardware h from the rub repairing bonding process (with reference to Figure 29) of stirring of the first side C; And weld metal T is filled in and is formed at the repairing welding sequence (with reference to Figure 30) of filling with the surperficial punching Q5 of hardware h in repairing bonding process.
As shown in Figure 28 (b), filling with hardware insert operation be in the 3rd formal bonding process in the punching Q4 that formally engages the side 14a that is formed at the first hardware 1a while departing from throw G (with reference to Figure 28 (a)) insertion and the identical shaped filling hardware h of punching Q4, thereby the operation of landfill punching Q4.In the present embodiment, with the metal material with joined structure 1A same composition, form to fill and use hardware h, but so long as the metal material that can rub and stir.
As shown in figure 29, in repairing bonding process, to joined structure 1A with fill that docking section J4 use with hardware h is interim engages that stirring rubs with throw F (with reference to Fig. 4 (a)).
In repairing bonding process, by joined structure 1A with fill with setting the starting position P9 that friction is stirred in the seam of hardware h, interim joint entered with the stirring pin F2 of throw F (with reference to Fig. 4 (a)), and along joined structure 1A and the seam of filling with hardware h, interim joint moved with throw F, thereby cross the all-round of docking section J4 and the stirring that rubs.
And, owing to repairing friction in bonding process, stir and engage the friction of carrying out with above-mentioned each bonding process and stir and engage roughly the samely, so description is omitted.
In the present embodiment, cross docking section J4 all-round rub stir after, make interim joint with throw F (with reference to Fig. 4 (a)) move to and be located at the end position P10 (the end position P8 that the friction in the 3rd formal bonding process is stirred) filling with the friction stirring on the surperficial center of hardware h, interim joint with throw F departed from from end position P10.So, make to stir pin F2 end position P10 towards above depart from, at end position P10, form and the punching Q5 (with reference to Figure 30) that stirs the roughly the same shape of pin F2.
At this, in the present embodiment, for to joined structure 1A with fill docking section J4 with the hardware h stirring that rubs, the interim joint throw F that use is used in interim bonding process, but as long as its size can make stirring pin do circle-shaped movement with the seam of filling with hardware h along joined structure 1A, also can use other throw.
As shown in figure 30, in repairing welding sequence, by carry out the projections such as MIG welding in being formed at the surperficial punching Q5 that fills hardware h, weld, weld metal T is filled in punching Q5.
And, repair welding sequence and be not limited to MIG welding, also can carry out other known welding.In addition, welding material also can be different from joined structure 1A, are in the present embodiment to use identical material.
In addition,, in repairing welding sequence, after being preferably in weld metal T being filled in to punching Q5, excision is than the side 14a of the first hardware 1a weld metal T of the part of projection also.
(10) the 4th formal bonding processs
As shown in figure 31, the 4th formal bonding process is that the docking section J1 of the first hardware 1a and the second hardware 1b is rubbed and stirs the operation engaging from the second side D of joined structure 1A.
The 4th formal bonding process comprises: docking section J1 is carried out to the interim interim bonding process engaging; In the formal lower hole formation operation that is pre-formed lower hole with the insertion precalculated position of throw G (with reference to Fig. 4 (b)) that engages; And the formal bonding process that docking section J1 is rubbed and stirred.
In the 4th formal bonding process, after the first repair procedure finishes, by joined structure 1A never illustrated friction agitating device temporarily take off, make the second side D towards above and again under fixing state, carry out interim bonding process, lower hole forms operation and formal bonding process.Because each operation in the 4th formal bonding process is identical with each operation in the 3rd formal bonding process, therefore the description thereof will be omitted.And, in the 4th formed plastification of formal bonding process region, be the second side plastification region W4.
(11) second repair procedure
As shown in figure 31, the second repair procedure comprises: the filling of filling with hardware h is filled in the punching Q6 of the side 15a that is formed at the first hardware 1a in the 4th formal bonding process is inserted to operation with hardware; To joined structure 1A with fill the rub repairing bonding process of stirring of docking section J5 with hardware h; Weld metal T is filled in and in repairing bonding process, is formed at the repairing welding sequence of filling with the surperficial punching Q7 of hardware h.And because each operation in the second repair procedure is identical with each operation of the first repair procedure, therefore the description thereof will be omitted.
As shown in figure 24, by above each operation, form the joined structure 1A that engages the end face of the first hardware 1a and the end face of the second hardware 1b.
As shown in figure 30, according to the manufacture method of the joined structure of present embodiment, in the first repair procedure and the second repair procedure by filling punching Q4, the Q6 that is filled in interim joint use throw F with hardware h, thereby landfill is formed at punching Q4, the Q6 of the end position that friction stirs in the 3rd formal bonding process and the 4th formal bonding process, therefore can prevent the strength decreased of the bonding station that caused by punching Q4, Q6.That is,, in the 3rd formal bonding process and the 4th formal bonding process, can on joined structure 1A, set the end position that friction is stirred.By this, owing to omitting for setting the outstanding material of the end position of friction stirring, therefore can reduce the process number that engages operation in the 3rd formal bonding process and the 4th formal bonding process.
In addition, in the first repair procedure and the second repair procedure, by by weld metal T filling formed punching Q5, Q7 and landfill punching when interim joint departs from throw F, therefore can prevent the strength decreased of the bonding station that causes due to punching Q5, Q7, and bonding station can be trimmed to smooth.
In addition, as shown in Figure 1, by making to form formed face side plastification region W1 in the part of the first side plastification region W3, the second side plastification region W4 of docking section J1 and the first formal bonding process and the second formal bonding process at the two sides of joined structure 1A C, D, region W2 is overlapping in rear side plastification, thereby at the two sides of joined structure 1A C, D, seal reliably the seam of the first hardware 1a and the second hardware 1b, therefore can improve air-tightness and the watertightness at hardware 1a, 1b junction surface each other.
In addition, before each bonding process, by the first hardware 1a is engaged with the docking section J1 of the second hardware 1b temporarily, throw G is pressed into docking section J1, thereby can prevents cracking of docking section J1, can carry out better each bonding process.
In addition, in each bonding process, by being pre-formed lower hole with the insertion precalculated position of throw G, the resistance of pressing in the time of reducing throw G press-fit joint structure thing 1A formal joint.By this, can improve friction and stir the precision engaging, and can promptly engage operation.
In addition, as shown in Figure 27 and Figure 31, in the 3rd formal bonding process and the 4th formal bonding process, set formal when engaging the starting position of stirring from friction with throw G and moving to end position by docking section J1 with the motion track of コ word shape formal joint with the direct of travel left side of throw G corresponding to inside the groove of the motion track of コ word shape for.In this structure, cavity blemish is formed at the groove inner side of the first side plastification region W3 of コ word shape, the groove outside that is formed at the first side plastification region W3 of コ word shape with cavity blemish is compared, due to the Distance Shortened of cavity blemish, can improve air-tightness and the watertightness at hardware 1a, 1b junction surface each other.
Above, embodiments of the present invention are described, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, in the scope that does not depart from its purport, can does suitable design alteration.
For example, in the manufacture method of present embodiment, also can make in the first formal bonding process, to be formed at the face side plastification region W1 of surface A overlapping with the rear side plastification region W2 that is formed at back surface B in the second formal bonding process.In this structure, due to the inside of plastification to joined structure 1A, therefore can improve air-tightness and the watertightness at the junction surface of the first hardware 1a and the second hardware 1b.
In addition,, in the 3rd formal bonding process, the first side plastification region W3 of the first side C that also can make to be formed at joined structure 1A is overlapping with the second side plastification region W4 of the second side D that is formed at joined structure 1A.In this structure, due to the inside of plastification to joined structure 1A, therefore can improve air-tightness and the watertightness at the junction surface of the first hardware 1a and the second hardware 1b.
In addition, as shown in figure 27, in the present embodiment, owing to making formal joint, with throw G, do right rotation, set and formally to engage the groove inner side corresponding to the motion track of コ word shape with the left side of the direct of travel of throw G, but shown in figure 32, make formally to engage do anticlockwise with throw G in the situation that, because cavity blemish R4 is formed at the right side of direct of travel V4, set the formal groove inner side corresponding to the motion track of コ word shape with the direct of travel right side of throw G that engages.So, even if make formally to engage do anticlockwise with throw G in the situation that, cavity blemish R4 also can be formed at the groove inner side of the first side plastification region W3 of コ word shape.

Claims (6)

1. a manufacture method for joined structure, makes the first hardware dock each other and form joined structure with the end face of the second hardware, comprising:
Docking section to described the first hardware and described the second hardware, the formal bonding process of using throw to rub and stir from the side of described joined structure,
It is characterized in that,
Carry out repair procedure, in this repair procedure, to fill with hardware filling formed punching when throw in described formal bonding process departs from the docking section to described joined structure with described filling use hardware, the stirring that rubs of use throw.
2. the manufacture method of joined structure as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, by weld metal filling formed punching when throw in described repair procedure departs from.
3. the manufacture method of joined structure as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described formal bonding process, the part in plastification region of side of a side that makes to be formed at described joined structure is overlapping with the part in plastification region of side of opposite side that is formed at described joined structure.
4. the manufacture method of joined structure as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, before described formal bonding process, the docking section to described the first hardware and described the second hardware engages from the side of described joined structure temporarily.
5. the manufacture method of joined structure as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in described formal bonding process, on the insertion precalculated position of throw, is pre-formed lower hole.
6. the manufacture method of joined structure as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described formal bonding process, the side that the starting position that friction is stirred and end position are set in described the first hardware or described the second hardware, and set for when the track that makes throw with コ word shape moves to end position from starting position by the docking section of described the first hardware and described the second hardware, if throw is done right rotation, the direct of travel of throw left side is corresponding to the groove inner side of the motion track of コ word shape, if throw is done anticlockwise, the direct of travel right side of throw is corresponding to the groove inner side of the motion track of コ word shape.
CN201110238881.7A 2007-08-10 2008-07-08 Joining method and method of manufacturing joint structure Expired - Fee Related CN102430854B (en)

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