CN102791219B - 用于在韧带重建手术期间使用的设备 - Google Patents

用于在韧带重建手术期间使用的设备 Download PDF

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CN102791219B
CN102791219B CN201180014483.5A CN201180014483A CN102791219B CN 102791219 B CN102791219 B CN 102791219B CN 201180014483 A CN201180014483 A CN 201180014483A CN 102791219 B CN102791219 B CN 102791219B
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D.B.埃利斯
M.C.弗拉加莫
B.贝德卡
M.J.佩里略
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Smith and Nephew Inc
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Abstract

本公开涉及一种用于在韧带重建手术期间使用的设备。所述设备(10)包括手柄(11)和耦合至手柄的轴杆(11k)，手柄包括用于容纳插件(13)的第一通道(11a)、第二通道(11b)、用于容纳轴杆的第三通道(11c)、第一窗口(11d)、第二窗口(11e)和凹槽(11f)。还公开了一种用于在韧带重建手术期间使用所述设备的方法。

Description

用于在韧带重建手术期间使用的设备
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请是PCT国际专利申请，要求申请号为61/315228的美国专利申请的优先权，将其公开内容全部并入本文。
技术领域
本公开涉及韧带重建手术，并且更具体地涉及一种用于在重建手术期间确定长度的设备和方法。
背景技术
为了附着软组织移植物例如半腱肌肌腱，就需要在股骨内建立用于韧带重建手术的重建骨道。除了其他因素以外，需要确定股骨骨道的长度并且需要进行计算以确定用于在骨道内固定移植物的植入物的适当长度。目前使用的是人工计算。这些人工计算经常不够准确并且耗时。因此，需要一种用于更准确地完成这些计算的设备和方法。
发明内容
在一个方面中，本公开涉及一种用于在韧带重建手术期间使用的设备。所述设备包括手柄和耦合至手柄的轴杆，手柄包括用于容纳插件的第一通道、第二通道、用于容纳轴杆的第三通道、第一窗口、第二窗口和凹槽。
在一个实施例中，所述设备进一步包括插件，插件包括用于通过第一窗口显示的第一组数字、用于通过第二窗口显示的第二组数字，以及设置在凹槽内的旋钮组件。在另一个实施例中，插件进一步包括从插件一端伸出的接头。
在另一个方面中，本公开涉及一种用于在韧带重建手术期间使用的方法。所述方法包括放置导丝穿过胫骨和股骨；提供一种设备，该设备包括手柄和耦合至手柄的轴杆，手柄包括容纳插件的第一通道、第二通道、容纳轴杆的第三通道、第一窗口和第二窗口；将所述设备放置在导丝的一端上；通过第一窗口查看插件上的第一组数字以确定股骨骨道的长度；通过第二窗口查看插件上的第二组数字以确定股骨窝的深度；构建股骨窝；构建股骨内的通孔，通孔从股骨窝延伸，股骨窝和通孔共同构成股骨骨道；然后在股骨骨道内放置软组织移植物。
在一个实施例中，所述方法进一步包括在放置导丝穿过胫骨和股骨之前先构建胫骨骨道。在另一个实施例中，股骨骨道和胫骨骨道内都放置有软组织移植物。在又一个实施例中，放置导丝穿过胫骨和股骨包括将导丝上的激光环与股骨的一端对齐。在进一步的实施例中，将所述设备放置在导丝上包括使轴杆的一端与股骨接触。在更进一步的实施例中，第二组数字的数值表示闭环缝合线的长度。
在一个实施例中，通过第二窗口查看插件上的第二组数字以确定股骨窝的深度包括获得手柄上与表示闭环缝合线长度的插件上第二组数字的数值相对应的第一组数字的数值。在另一个实施例中，手柄上第一组数字的数值表示用于软组织移植物的钻孔深度。在另一个实施例中，所述方法进一步包括获得手柄上与软组织移植物的钻孔深度数值相对应的第二组数字的数值。在又一个实施例中，第二组数字的数值表示用于股骨窝的钻孔深度。
本公开的更多可应用领域将根据以下提供的详细说明内容而变得显而易见。应该理解详细说明内容和具体示例尽管示出了本公开的优选实施例，但是仅仅是为了解释性的目的而并不是为了限制本公开的范围。
附图说明
并入说明书并且构成其一部分的附图示出了本公开的实施例，并且与写就的说明书一起用于解释本公开的原理、特性和特征。在附图中：
图1和图2示出了本公开的设备中的手柄和轴杆。
图3和图4示出了本公开的设备中的插件。
图5-9示出了本公开的设备。
图10示出了用于与本公开的设备一起使用的导丝。
图11-17示出了通过使用图5-10中的设备和导丝执行韧带重建手术的方法。
具体实施方式
以下对优选实施例的说明内容在本质上仅仅是示范性的而绝不是为了限制本公开、其应用或用途。
图1-9示出了本公开的设备10和/或其部件。设备10包括手柄11和耦合至手柄11的轴杆11k。手柄11包括具有开口11a'的第一通道11a、具有两个开口11b'的第二通道11b和第三通道11c。第二通道11b垂直于第一通道11a和第三通道11c。手柄11还包括第一窗口11d、第二窗口11e和凹槽11f。第一组数字11g和第二组数字11h位于手柄11的外表面11i上。第二通道11b具有位于第二通道11b内表面11b"上的螺纹11j。具有旋钮12a和耦合至旋钮12a的轴杆12b的旋钮组件12被耦合至手柄11以使轴杆12b被设置在第二通道11b内。轴杆12b包括螺纹12c，螺纹12c在轴杆12b被设于第二通道11b内时啮合第二通道11b的螺纹11j。如图3和图4更加清楚示出的插件13被设置在第一通道11a内。插件13包括第一组数字13a、第二组数字13b、具有两个开口13d的通道13c和位于通道13c内表面13f上的螺纹13e，以及从插件13一端伸出的接头13g。耦合至插件13的旋钮组件14具有旋钮14a和耦合至旋钮14a的轴杆14b以使轴杆14b被设置在通道13c内。轴杆14b包括螺纹14c，螺纹14c在轴杆14b被设于通道13c内时啮合通道13c的螺纹13e。
当插件13被设置在第一通道11a内时，轴杆14b即被设置在凹槽11f内(图9)，第一组数字13a通过第一窗口11d示出，并且第二组数字13b通过第二窗口11e示出。正如以下要进一步介绍的那样，第一组数字13a将指示所需的股骨骨道长度且第二组数字13b将指示所需的与软组织移植物一起使用的闭环缝合线的长度。手柄11上的第一组数字11g用于指示股骨骨道内的移植物深度或者称为移植物位于股骨骨道内的纵向数值，并且第二组数字11h用于指示外科医生为了构建用于容纳软组织移植物的股骨窝而需要钻孔的深度。
图10示出了具有第一端部21和第二端部22的导丝20。第二端部22包括开口23并且第一端部21包括用于钻孔的凹槽24。导丝20还如图10A所示包括沿导丝20的长度定位的激光环25和从环25延伸的激光线26。正如以下要进一步介绍的那样，激光环25用作在准备韧带重建手术时选取的供计算使用的基准点。对于本公开来说，激光环25延伸在导丝10的整个直径上。但是，激光标记的形状和数量都可以改变。只有位于导丝20上的环25而并无线26也落在本公开的范围内。
在重建手术期间，用关节镜检查膝关节以确定股骨和胫骨骨道的准确位置。另外，引导系统可以被用于在骨道钻孔之前先沿所需的骨道路径定位钻头引导件。美国专利US5139520中介绍了一种引导系统示例，通过全文引用将其公开内容并入本文。在本公开中，当骨道的准确位置已经确定之后，钻出胫骨骨道41。随后，导丝20的第二端22被耦合至钻头并且钻头随即被操作用于沿所需的股骨骨道路径51钻孔，以使导丝20的第一端21延伸穿过股骨50，如图11所示。如上所述，激光环25用作供随后计算使用的基准点。通常，外科医生应该钻孔穿过股骨50，直到激光环25与股骨50的一端对齐为止，更一般地称为股骨切迹，如图11和图12所示。激光线26用于让外科医生获知他是否已经钻孔越过了股骨50的末端。
如图13所示，设备10随后被放置在导丝20的第一端21上以使轴杆11k的一端11k'接触股骨50。一旦设备10被放置在第一端21上，端21就与接头13g形成接触并且在手柄21内纵向移动插件13。转动旋钮12a以啮合轴杆12b和导丝20并进一步将设备10耦合至导丝20。可选地，转动旋钮14a以将旋钮14a和轴杆14b与手柄11啮合并进一步将插件13耦合至手柄11。
然后，外科医生观察第一窗口11d以找到由散列符号11l确定的第一组数字13a的数值。例如，图5示出了确定为55的数值。由散列符号11l确定的数值表示股骨骨道54应有的长度。正如以下要进一步介绍的那样，股骨骨道54包括股骨窝52和通孔53。一旦确定了股骨骨道的长度，外科医生随后就选择用于应该使用的闭环缝合线的长度(L,图17)并且在通过第二窗口11e示出的第二组数字13b上找到该数值。对于本公开来说，Endobutton®闭环(Endobutton® CL)被用于将软组织移植物固定在股骨窝52内。Endobutton® CL由施乐辉(Smith and Nephew)公司拥有和销售，并且在美国专利US6533802中进行了更加完整地介绍，通过全文引用将其并入本文。在外科医生已经选择好用于闭环缝合线的长度L以后，外科医生在手柄上找到与表示闭环缝合线长度的数值相对应的第一组数字11g的数值以确定移植物深度。如上所述，移植物深度被称为移植物位于股骨骨道54内的纵向数值。例如，如图6所示，如果闭环缝合线长度为30mm，那么移植物深度就是25mm。
在确定了移植物深度之后，外科医生就将用于移植物深度的数值与其在手柄上第二组数字11h的对应数值相匹配以确定用于骨窝52的钻孔深度。例如，如图7所示，如果移植物深度为25mm，那么钻孔深度就是35mm。一旦确定了钻孔深度，那么就如图14所示利用导丝20作为引导件钻出骨窝52。钻头可以进行标记以使外科医生知道何时达到所需深度。
如图15所示，在钻出骨窝52之后，外科医生随即使用较小直径的钻头来钻出通孔53。对于图15来说，钻头并未示出为延伸穿过股骨50。但是，在实践中钻头可以延伸穿过股骨以构建通孔53。正如以下要进一步介绍的那样，通孔53被构建为一旦拉动Endobutton®设备通过骨道54后就允许其翻转。另外，正如以下要进一步介绍的那样，通孔53在股骨50内装有软组织移植物时被用于容纳延伸在Endobutton®设备和软组织移植物之间的一定数量或长度的闭环缝合线。
接下来，如图16和16A所示，通过放置移植物60的一端通过闭环的缝合线71并输送连接至Endobutton®设备73的其他缝合线束72通过导丝20的开口23而将软组织移植物60耦合至固定设备。软组织移植物60通过使用设备10和导丝20而被拉入股骨窝52和胫骨骨道41内。缝合线束72随后通常被用于以手拉动Endobutton®设备73经过通孔53并拉到股骨50以外。一旦Endobutton®设备73已被拉到股骨50以外，设备73即被翻转，以使设备73如图17所示横跨通孔53的开口并压靠在股骨53上放置。一旦移植物60已被耦合至股骨50，移植物60的另一端即可同样如图17所示被耦合至胫骨40以完成手术。
导丝20包括生物相容的金属材料例如不锈钢材料或钛合金。开口23可以通过冲压或其他工艺制成，而凹槽24和环25/线26可以通过机械加工或雕刻工艺制成。设备10中的部件(手柄11、轴杆11k、插件13和旋钮组件12,14)也可以包括生物相容的金属材料例如不锈钢材料或钛合金，并且可以由模制或机械加工工艺制成。第一和第二组标记11g,11h,13a,13b可以通过包括但不限于机械加工或雕刻工艺在内的工艺制成，而窗口11d-11e/凹槽11f可以通过包括但不限于冲压在内的工艺制成。对于插件13来说不具有从其末端伸出的接头13g也同样落在本公开的范围内。在修复期间，导丝20的末端21会与插件13的末端而不是接头13g形成接触，并且在手柄11内纵向移动插件13。
本公开的设备10允许计算股骨骨道长度、股骨窝52的钻孔长度和移植物的深度，由此消除对执行人工计算的需要。另外，所述设备可以被用于从胫骨和股骨骨道41,54中安全地取出导丝20。对于本公开来说，首先钻出股骨窝52并且随后再钻出通孔53。但是，也可以首先钻出通孔53并且随后再钻出股骨窝52。同样对于本公开来说，移植物60以图17所示的方式被耦合至胫骨40。但是，也可以使用其他的方式将移植物60耦合至胫骨40。另外，对于本公开来说，通过将轴杆11k压装至手柄11而将轴杆11k耦合至手柄11。但是也可以使用其他的方法。
由于可以对以上参照对应图例介绍的示范性实施例进行各种修改而并不背离本公开的保护范围，因此应该意识到以上的说明和附图图示中包含的所有内容都应被解读为解释性而非限制性的。因此，本公开的广度和范围不应受限于上述的任何示范性实施例，而只应根据以下所附的权利要求及其等价形式限定。

Claims (3)

1.一种用于在韧带重建手术期间使用的设备，包括：
手柄和耦合至手柄的轴杆，手柄包括用于容纳能相对于所述手柄沿纵向移动的插件的第一通道、第二通道、用于容纳轴杆的第三通道、用于显示第一组数字的第一窗口、用于显示第二组数字的第二窗口和凹槽。
2.如权利要求1所述的设备，其中所述插件包括用于通过第一窗口显示的所述第一组数字，用于通过第二窗口显示的所述第二组数字，以及设置在凹槽内的旋钮组件。
3.如权利要求2所述的设备，其中所述插件进一步包括从插件一端伸出的接头。
CN201180014483.5A 2010-03-18 2011-03-17 用于在韧带重建手术期间使用的设备 Expired - Fee Related CN102791219B (zh)

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