CN1027907C - Process for hardening cutting edges of saws, blades and punching dies - Google Patents
Process for hardening cutting edges of saws, blades and punching dies Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1027907C CN1027907C CN90104823.2A CN90104823A CN1027907C CN 1027907 C CN1027907 C CN 1027907C CN 90104823 A CN90104823 A CN 90104823A CN 1027907 C CN1027907 C CN 1027907C
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- plasma
- plasma radiation
- radiation
- quench method
- cutting knife
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/22—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for drills; for milling cutters; for machine cutting tools
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/06—Surface hardening
- C21D1/09—Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/18—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for knives, scythes, scissors, or like hand cutting tools
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/24—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for saw blades
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
- Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
- Nonmetal Cutting Devices (AREA)
- Turning (AREA)
Abstract
A process is disclosed for hardening the cutting edges of saws, knives and cutting tools, in particular for processing wood, paper, cardboard, plastic materials, leather and textiles, by means of an energy beam guided over the areas to be hardened of the tool. A plasma beam is used as energy beam. The plasma beam (2) is guided with a relative speed (v) with respect to the cutting edge of the tool between 5 and 100 mm/sec., the gap between the outlet nozzle of the plasma torch and the cutting edge extends between 2 and 14 mm, the power of the plasma beam is comprised between 1 and 10 kW, and the diameter of the outlet nozzle of the plasma torch is comprised between 3 and 7 mm.
Description
The present invention relates to particularly be applicable to the saw land of wood working, and be used for the used cutting knife blade of timber, paper, paper web and presspaper, plastics, leather and yarn fabric processing and the quench method of press tool rib sword.This method is by energy emission is realized to the rib sword zone that above-mentioned instrument need quench.In cited various industrial processes processes, the rib sword of saw, cutting knife or press tool will have wearing and tearing.The time limit of service of these instruments depend on the rib sword quality (material therefor and quench treatment), be cut sawing material with and workload.After reaching time limit of service, these instruments or need resharpen rib sword are perhaps scrapped.Many saws, cutting knife and press tool are made by carbon steel, by heating and then cooling fast, are easy to reach the purpose of quench hardening.Because quench hardening always is associated with reduction toughness, therefore to wish only to quench in rib sword zone, other part is then unaffected.Other of saw, cutting knife and press tool partly should be the least possible sclerosis, and keep big as far as possible toughness.
Known, in the method for can be partially the rib sword being quenched, useful electron radiation or laser radiation are as the energy.This problem of quenching with electron radiation or laser radiation is to need expensive equipment.Owing to this reason, seldom have so far drop into practical.
Electro-induction quenches more known.After the rib sword grinds, heat by an eddy current that produces by high-frequency alternating magnetic field, and cooling realizes quenching rapidly.
By Patent Cooperation Treaty patent WO83/00051(root husband, Switzerland) the known top layer quenching of carrying out plane domain by plasma radiation.Because its plasma radiation stability is very poor, does not also consider with plasma radiation before this rib sword is quenched.
Concerning saw, adopt the special material stellite to be welded on the sawtooth point, be a known method.The stellite material that is connect grinds to form required crown shape again.Yet this technology also is very expensive.
The method that provides one the rib sword of saw, cutting knife and press tool is quenched is provided.This method realizes with energy emission simple, reasonable price.
According to the present invention, adopt controlled plasma radiation to realize quenching, following key parameter is arranged: the workpiece motion s that plasma radiation is quenched relatively, its speed are 5 to 100 mm/second; Plasma generator nozzle to the distance of rib sword is 2 to 14 millimeters; The power of plasma radiation is between 1 to 10 kilowatt; The diameter of used plasma nozzle is between 3 to 7 millimeters.
Under condition by the above-mentioned parameter combination, obtain a new method that was not used, promptly quench with the rib sword of plasma radiation to aforesaid various tool.And only in above-mentioned parameters scope, can realize the naturally cooling of the instrument of quenching, and do not need forced air cooling or water cooling.
For the angle of different material thicknesses and rib sword, rely on control to velocity of displacement V, can obtain the optimal values of heat-up rate and speed of cooling.To thin material, during especially less than 3 millimeters, and less knife edge angular, during especially less than 25 °, translational speed should be selected comparatively fast, otherwise owing to speed of cooling is subjected to the heat conducting restriction of the main body of instrument, and do not reach the quenching purpose of high rigidity.
For big and thick material, and bigger rib basil degree.In order to reach bigger quenching scope, should select translational speed smallerly.
Plasma radiation is with argon or nitrogen, and perhaps mixed gas is by the arc discharge or with the ionization of high-frequency electromagnetic field excitation formation gas.Radiation then realizes by suitable electrode and nozzle shape.Temperature can reach 15 on the axle center of plasma radiation bundle, 000K(absolute temperature).
Adopt above-mentioned plasma radiation, the parameters and the numerical value thereof that provide according to the present invention quench to the rib sword of saw, cutting knife or press tool.Irradiated regional area is red-hot, and its rate of temperature rise reaches 5000K/ second.After energy emission stopped, the rib sword that is heated was by naturally cooling, that is heat is directed to the matrix of these workpiece that quenched, and its rate of temperature drop reaches 1000K/ second.Produce a kind of martensite of fine particulate simultaneously, its hardness can reach the 1000KV(Vickers' hardness).
The key of this processing method is that the rib sword does not allow molten Jie when heating, yet must sufficient thermal treatment be arranged in the zone that needs quench again, could guarantee required hardness like this.And this has only under the parameters combination that provides in the above and could realize.
Following numerical value is particularly suitable for the quench hardening condition
1 to 5 kilowatt of plasma radiation power
4 to 5.5 millimeters of plasma nozzle diameters
The plasma nozzle is to 3 to 9 millimeters of the distances of rib sword
Translational speed 15 to 50 mm/second of the relative rib sword of plasma radiation
Diad the axes alignment rib sword of plasma radiation makes cutting knife or press tool move relative to plasma radiation then.Can reach the purpose of the side even heating that makes the rib sword in this way.Concerning saw, add that beam-plasma with perpendicular to the saw plane, along land thickness, moves above land.Can reach sawtooth sword even heating on its whole teeth are long like this.Concerning the shape of some saw, can not do such mechanical cross motion, the fairly simple advantage of equipment is so just arranged.Available coil produces a magnetic deflection field, and this is between the edge of negative electrode and nozzle.It is wealthy so also can to make beam-plasma reach certain exhibition, is fit to the purpose of some profile of tooth.
Aforesaid method and the difference that becomes known for the electromagnetic field deflection of ion welding (fusing) are: the electromagnetic field that ion welds is between nozzle edge and processing work; And in the ion quenching technology, because electric arc between negative electrode and nozzle edge, therefore can not cause the burn spot of electric arc at workpiece surface.
In order to reduce the energy consumption of saw quenching apparatus, can adopt plasma radiation pulsed operation state.Pulse-repetition f equals the saw translational speed divided by tooth pitch.The time length of pulse is 0.2 to 0.8 second.
Concerning cutting knife, more increase a kind of possibility of controlling the zone of quenching, promptly plasma radiation is with the symmetry axis (for example: 90 degree, 135 degree, perhaps half of tool point angle) of certain angle deviating blade.So just formed one along the asymmetric heating region distribution of its symmetry axis.Can reach the situation that is fit to have specific abrasive conditions with this method.When cutting knife thickness surpasses 5 millimeters, can well be fit to different cutting knife geometrical shapies especially.
The invention will be further described below with reference to accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is to be the ion quenching apparatus synoptic diagram of example with the saw quenching.Ion generator 1, the gas of input forms ionizing radiation 2 by arc-over, penetrates in the nozzle of ionizing radiation by ion generator.Distance between nozzle and land is a.The land 5 , And that sawtooth 4 is aimed in ionizing radiation make this regional area heating.After by the energy heating, this scorching hot zone rapid Leng Que And sclerosis.Then saw blade 3 is moved further, and the sawtooth 4a that plasma radiation 2 will come following again quenches.
Fig. 2 explains the details in saw land zone.Plasma radiation 2 has diameter d, moves with speed of relative movement V or along land 6, perhaps moves on the direction of denture.
Fig. 3 is the equipment synoptic diagram that expression is quenched to cutting knife with plasma radiation equipment.Plasma radiation is aimed at blade 9 , And with angle [alpha] and is moved along blade with speed V.Blade will be passed through self quick cooling then by scorching hot like this, thereby reaches the purpose of quenching.
Fig. 4 is the tangent plane synoptic diagram of plasma generator, and 10 is electro-magnet, places between the edge of negative electrode 8 and nozzle 11.Electric arc is subjected to the deflection control of this high frequency magnetic field, and is diffused into the pitch-row space 2 of whole nozzle.
The example that below provides can further specify service condition of the present invention:
Example one: the quenching of machine saw
Material: steel alloy, composition are (%) 0.85C, 0.3Si, 0.3Mn, 0.5Cr, 0.4Ni, 0.25V.45 teeth, 30 millimeters of tooth pitches, the thick b=3.5 millimeter of land.Hardness 420HV before quenching.
Beam-plasma power (kilowatt) 2.5 3.5 2.0
Beam-plasma diameter d (millimeter) 4.0 4.0 4.0
To workpiece apart from the a(millimeter) 5.0 6.0 4.0
Translational speed V(mm/second) 25 30 20
Gas flow (liter/minute) 7 10 7
Highest hardness (HV) 920 940 900
The actual use shows that time limit of service can be increased to four times.
Example two: the quenching of circular saw machine
Material: with example one.50 teeth, 30 millimeters of tooth pitches, the thick b=4.0 millimeter of land.Hardness 410HV before quenching.
Beam-plasma power (kilowatt) 3.0
Beam-plasma diameter d (millimeter) 4.0
To workpiece apart from the a(millimeter) 5.0
Translational speed V(mm/second) 30
Gas flow (liter/minute) 8
Highest hardness (HV) 900
Example three: the quenching of band saw
Material: with example one.6 meters of belt lengths, 15 millimeters of tooth pitches, the thick b=1.5 millimeter of land.Hardness 410HV before quenching.
Beam-plasma power (kilowatt) 1.5
Beam-plasma diameter d (millimeter) 3.0
To workpiece apart from the a(millimeter) 5.0
Translational speed V(mm/second) 20
Gas flow (liter/minute) 7
Highest hardness (HV) 900
Example four: be used for the quenching of the cutting knife of leather and textiles
Material: the CK60(DIN DIN)
Material number 1.1221 contains 0.6C carbon steel.Hardness 300HV before quenching
Beam-plasma power (kilowatt) 124
Beam-plasma diameter d (millimeter) 444
To workpiece apart from the a(millimeter) 468
Beam-plasma and blade axle clamp angle (degree) 000
Translational speed V(mm/second) 25 35 50
Gas flow (liter/minute) 555
Highest hardness (HV) 860 890 940
Example five: the quenching of wood processing planing tool
Material: the 80CrVZ(DIN DIN)
Material number 1.2235, steel alloy 0.4Cr, 0.2V.Hardness 280HV before quenching
Beam-plasma power (kilowatt) 235
Beam-plasma diameter d (millimeter) 444
To workpiece apart from the a(millimeter) 468
Beam-plasma and blade axle clamp angle (degree) 60 90 120
Translational speed V(mm/second) 20 30 40
Gas flow (liter/minute) 556
Highest hardness (HV) 840 880 905
Claims (9)
1, a kind of saw that relates to, the quenching method of the rib sword of cutting knife and press tool, described instrument is mainly used in timber, paper, paper web and presspaper, plastics, in the industrial processes of leather and textiles, by energy emission is realized hardening treatment to the workpiece of needs quenching, it is characterized in that a plasma radiation (2) is used as this energy emission, plasma radiation (2) moves relative to the rib sword of workpiece to be machined simultaneously, its speed of relative movement is 5 to 100 mm/second, the nozzle of plasma generator (1) to the distance of rib sword is 2 to 14 millimeters, the power of plasma radiation is between 1 to 10 kilowatt, and the diameter of the nozzle mouth of plasma generator is between 3 to 7 millimeters.
2, quench method according to claim 1 is characterized in that plasma radiation power is between 1 to 5 kilowatt.
3, quench method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that on the nozzle mouth of plasma generator that the plasma radiation diameter is 4 to 5.5 millimeters.
4,, it is characterized in that plasma generator nozzle mouth to the distance of rib sword is 3 to 9 millimeters according to described any quench method of claim 1 to 3.
5, quench method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the translational speed of the relative rib sword of plasma radiation (2) is between 15 to 50 mm/second.
6, quench method according to claim 5 is characterized in that plasma radiation with pulsed operation, and pulse-repetition f equals the saw blade translational speed and removed by tooth pitch, and the time length of pulse is between 0.2 to 0.8 second.
7, quench method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the axle of plasma radiation is consistent with the symmetry axis of cutting knife blade.
8, quench method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the axle of plasma radiation and the symmetry axis of cutting knife blade have an angle α who is roughly 90 ℃.
9, quench method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the axle of plasma radiation and the symmetry axis of cutting knife blade have an angle α who is roughly 135 ℃.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT179689A AT392483B (en) | 1989-07-25 | 1989-07-25 | METHOD FOR HARDENING THE CUTTING EDGES OF SAWS |
ATA1796/89 | 1989-07-25 | ||
AT245189A AT392981B (en) | 1989-10-24 | 1989-10-24 | Method of hardening the cutting edges of knives |
ATA2451/89 | 1989-10-24 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN1049030A CN1049030A (en) | 1991-02-06 |
CN1027907C true CN1027907C (en) | 1995-03-15 |
Family
ID=25596830
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN90104823.2A Expired - Fee Related CN1027907C (en) | 1989-07-25 | 1990-07-24 | Process for hardening cutting edges of saws, blades and punching dies |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0483182B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1027907C (en) |
AT (1) | ATE115639T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU5960690A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2064032A1 (en) |
CS (1) | CS367490A3 (en) |
DE (1) | DE59008039D1 (en) |
FI (1) | FI95048C (en) |
PL (1) | PL286149A1 (en) |
SK (1) | SK279015B6 (en) |
WO (1) | WO1991001386A1 (en) |
YU (1) | YU135290A (en) |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4126910C1 (en) * | 1991-08-14 | 1992-09-24 | Georg Weiss Gmbh, 8201 Schechen, De | |
US5417132A (en) | 1993-01-19 | 1995-05-23 | Alan R. Pfaff | Rotary cutting dies |
DE4328961C2 (en) * | 1993-08-27 | 1995-11-30 | Fraunhofer Ges Forschung | Process for the production of paper knives |
AT404798B (en) * | 1994-01-17 | 1999-02-25 | Fischer Gmbh | METHOD FOR HARDENING STEEL RUNNERS FOR SKI AND PLASMA HEAD FOR HARDENING EDGES IN STEEL MATERIALS AND DEVICE FOR HARDENING EDGES IN STEEL MATERIALS |
DE4433720A1 (en) * | 1994-09-21 | 1996-03-28 | Linde Ag | Method and device for hardening ski steel edges |
AT403805B (en) * | 1994-12-23 | 1998-05-25 | Fischer Gmbh | METHOD FOR MACHINING STEEL EDGES FOR SKI OR THE LIKE |
DE69620119T2 (en) * | 1995-12-19 | 2002-11-28 | Katayama Steel Rule Die, Inc. | Manufacturing process for a stamping plate |
US6189414B1 (en) | 1995-12-19 | 2001-02-20 | Yoshizawa Industry Inc. | Counter plate and cutting die for die cutting machine |
DK0880422T3 (en) * | 1996-02-15 | 2002-03-25 | Bernal International Inc | Cutting die and method of manufacture |
NL1040070C2 (en) * | 2013-02-27 | 2014-08-28 | Hho Heating Systems B V | PLASMATRON AND HEATING DEVICES INCLUDING A PLASMATRON. |
CN110066994A (en) * | 2018-01-23 | 2019-07-30 | 武汉苏泊尔炊具有限公司 | The processing method of cutter and the cutter |
TW202001977A (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2020-01-01 | 財團法人工業技術研究院 | Plasma system for substrate edge treatment and treatment method using the plasma system |
CN108866303B (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2024-02-27 | 泉州市海恩德机电科技发展有限公司 | Quick pushing up-down oil injection mechanism for large-diameter saw blade iron matrix |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1233454A (en) * | 1958-09-18 | 1960-10-12 | Plasma Flame Corp | Process for treating metals by plasma flow |
JPS52115711A (en) * | 1975-05-26 | 1977-09-28 | Toushichi Ishizawa | Method of hardening saw teeth |
CH661747A5 (en) * | 1984-05-08 | 1987-08-14 | Ki Proizv Ob Polimernogo Mash | METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CYLINDRICAL HOLLOW BODIES. |
-
1990
- 1990-07-11 YU YU135290A patent/YU135290A/en unknown
- 1990-07-18 AU AU59606/90A patent/AU5960690A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1990-07-18 CA CA002064032A patent/CA2064032A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1990-07-18 DE DE59008039T patent/DE59008039D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-07-18 WO PCT/AT1990/000071 patent/WO1991001386A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1990-07-18 AT AT90910482T patent/ATE115639T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-07-18 EP EP90910482A patent/EP0483182B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-07-20 PL PL28614990A patent/PL286149A1/en unknown
- 1990-07-24 CS CS903674A patent/CS367490A3/en unknown
- 1990-07-24 SK SK3674-90A patent/SK279015B6/en unknown
- 1990-07-24 CN CN90104823.2A patent/CN1027907C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1992
- 1992-01-24 FI FI920328A patent/FI95048C/en active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE115639T1 (en) | 1994-12-15 |
CN1049030A (en) | 1991-02-06 |
FI95048B (en) | 1995-08-31 |
PL286149A1 (en) | 1991-03-11 |
SK279015B6 (en) | 1998-05-06 |
DE59008039D1 (en) | 1995-01-26 |
EP0483182A1 (en) | 1992-05-06 |
CS367490A3 (en) | 1992-01-15 |
YU135290A (en) | 1992-12-21 |
WO1991001386A1 (en) | 1991-02-07 |
FI920328A0 (en) | 1992-01-24 |
CA2064032A1 (en) | 1991-01-26 |
FI95048C (en) | 1995-12-11 |
EP0483182B1 (en) | 1994-12-14 |
AU5960690A (en) | 1991-02-22 |
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C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
CI03 | Correction of invention patent |
Correction item: Denomination of Invention Correct: Saw and cutter and edge quenching method of stamping die False: Saw, cutter and edge quenching of stamping die Page: The title page |
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COR | Change of bibliographic data |
Free format text: CORRECT: INVENTION NAME; FROM: SAW, THE EDGE QUENCHING METHODS OF CUTTER AND RAM MOULD TO: ARRIS EDGE QUENCHING METHOD OF THE SAW CUTTER AND RAM MOULD |
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