CN102786578A - Method for removing heavy metal in marine animal protein enzymed liquid - Google Patents
Method for removing heavy metal in marine animal protein enzymed liquid Download PDFInfo
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- CN102786578A CN102786578A CN2011102165630A CN201110216563A CN102786578A CN 102786578 A CN102786578 A CN 102786578A CN 2011102165630 A CN2011102165630 A CN 2011102165630A CN 201110216563 A CN201110216563 A CN 201110216563A CN 102786578 A CN102786578 A CN 102786578A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for removing heavy metal in a marine animal protein enzymed liquid, which belongs to the biology technical field, and more concretely relates to the method for removing the heavy metal in the marine animal protein enzymed liquid. The method for removing heavy metal in the marine animal protein enzymed liquid has the advantages of easy operation, economical and practical properties and high removal rate. By using a method for combining the organic acid complexing and the resin adsorption, the heavy metal can be removed from the marine animal protein enzymed liquid.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to biological technical field, more particularly, relate to remove in a kind of marine animal protein enzymatic hydrolyzate the method for heavy metal.
Background technology:
Contain the large number of biological bioactive peptide in the marine protein enzymolysis solution, have unique physiologically active, suppress at immunomodulatory, tumor suppression, enzyme, aspect such as antibiotic, antiviral, anti-oxidant, radioprotective all has special efficacy.In recent years, along with its function is familiar with by people gradually, industries such as food, health care and makeup have been widely used in.Yet in the preparation process, the quality security problem of bioactive peptide base-material is to limit the fast-developing important bottleneck of this industrial colony at present, and wherein the heavy metals exceeding standard problem is particularly serious.Except that protein enzymatic hydrolyzate, qualities such as other ocean goods such as fish gruel, seafood sauce also all receive impact of heavy metals.With the seashells is example, because the filter-feeding characteristics of shellfish make the heavy metal that is easy in its body in the enriching seawater.Investigation result shows, phenomenon all appears exceeding standard in heavy metal such as cadmium, lead, copper and arsenic etc. easily in the shellfish body, particularly at the aquaculture seashell products in marine sites, industrial developed regions such as China Guangdong, Zhejiang and Shandong.The marine animal protein enzymatic hydrolyzate being carried out heavy metal removing become the important means of guaranteeing the base-material security, also is one of focus of new millennium ocean green colour biological technical study.
The technology that in protein enzymatic hydrolyzate, removes at present heavy metal mainly comprises ion exchange method, electroosmose process, absorption method, complexometry etc.Electroosmose process is to utilize effect of electric field, by force ion is attracted to electrode, electrode middle portion enzymolysis solution ionic concn is descended greatly, thereby heavy metal ion is disposed.But it exists energy consumption high, shortcomings such as not environmental protection.Absorption method utilizes the absorption property of sorbing material that heavy metal is adsorbed; But because protein enzymatic hydrolyzate is the very complicated system of a composition; Mainly comprise functional components such as protein, bioactive peptide and amino acid; Sorbent material does not cause damage to nutritive substance in adsorption process owing to do not possess selectivity, and is not suitable for extensive use because of operating process is complicated.Complexometry is utilized the sequestering power of complexometric reagent for heavy metal; Be used for removing of heavy metal; Though its advantage is being arranged aspect selectivity and the decreasing ratio, separation difficulty in the subtractive process has just changed the form that exists of heavy metal after complexing agent adds; Reduce its toxicity to a certain extent, still truly do not solve the problem of heavy metals exceeding standard.
Summary of the invention:
The present invention is exactly to the problems referred to above, and a kind of simple to operate, economical and practical, method of from the marine animal protein enzymatic hydrolyzate, removing heavy metal that decreasing ratio is high is provided.
In order to realize above-mentioned purpose of the present invention, the present invention adopts following technical scheme, and the method for utilizing the organic acid complexing to combine with resin absorption is removed heavy metal from the marine animal protein enzymatic hydrolyzate.
Described organic acid is one or more in Hydrocerol A, acetic acid, phytic acid, lactic acid, tartrate, xitix, hexanodioic acid, the succsinic acid.
Described resin is the macropore styrene ion exchange resin, and functional group is-N (CH
2COONa)
2,-N
+(CH
3)
3,-SO
3 -,-N (CH
3)
2Among the ,-SH one or more.
Simultaneously also can use modified resin to adsorb, said modification is meant covers the heavy metal removing rate of carrying metal ion with further raising resin on resin.
Concrete steps do,
1, organic acid complexing
In the marine animal protein enzymatic hydrolyzate, add organic acid; Add-on be the marine animal protein enzymatic hydrolyzate weight 0.1~3 ‰; Be beneficial to the absorption of heavy metal on ion exchange resin, 50~70 ℃ of control reaction temperature are behind constant-temperature shaking 10~30min; Make heavy metal and organic acid complexing in the marine animal protein enzymatic hydrolyzate, spinning obtains the dissolving that the enzymolysis supernatant promotes the heavy metal of indissoluble in the enzymolysis solution;
2, ion exchange resin absorption:
(1) pre-treatment: at first use the deionized water rinsing resin; Flush away impurity and toner; Then use HCl, deionized water, the NaOH aqueous solution of 4wt%, the deionized water process resin of 4wt% successively; The consumption of the hydrochloric acid and the NaOH aqueous solution is the twice of resin volume, soaks 2~4 hours after advancing acid, alkali lye.Be washed till neutrality with deionized water;
(2) cross post: the enzymolysis supernatant is flow through resin column, and the control column temperature is 40~60 ℃, and pH is 4~7, and column flow rate 1~15BV/h, effluent are the marine animal protein enzymatic hydrolyzate that has removed heavy metal.
The resin of crossing behind the post can be regenerated, and regenerative process does, use the deionized water rinsing resin earlier, uses 4wt%HCl, deionized water, the 4wt%NaOH of 2 times of resin column volumes, the deionized water wash of 2 times of resin column volumes more successively, repetition above-mentioned steps 2~3 times.
The preparation process of marine animal protein enzymatic hydrolyzate is: get fresh marine animal shell internal organ and clean after; Add 1~3 volumes of deionized water homogenate 5min, ultrasonic 10min adds protease hydrolyzed again; Enzyme concentration is 800U/g~7200U/g; Enzymatic hydrolysis condition is pH 6~9, enzymolysis time 3~10h, 40~60 ℃ of hydrolysis temperatures; Enzyme digestion reaction finishes the back enzyme 10min that under 100 ℃, goes out, high speed centrifugation 15~20min, and filtering the back supernatant is the marine animal protein enzymatic hydrolyzate.
Described marine animal is one or more in shellfish, fish, shrimp crab crustaceans, the echinoderm.
Described marine animal is one or more in oyster, pteria martensii, scallop, philippine clam whelp, clam, ripple Ba Fei clam, a species of small clam living in fresh water, cod, cabio, yellow croaker, hairtail, sparid class, prawn, shrimp, claws of a hawk shrimp, mud crab, swimming crab, sea urchin, sea cucumber, the abalone.
Described proteolytic enzyme is one or more in bromeline, papoid, subtilisin, neutral protease, Sumizyme MP, flavor protease, stomach en-, the trypsinase.
Described heavy metal is one or more in cadmium, lead, copper, nickel, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, zinc, the arsenic.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
(1) the present invention adopts complexometry to combine with resin adsorption method; In enzymolysis solution, add organic acid; Make of the combination of its contention biomacromolecule to heavy metal; Improved the dissolution rate of heavy metal effectively,, improved in the resin absorption process subsequently removal efficiency heavy metal through changing the form that exists of heavy metal;
(2) ion exchange resin used in the present invention has special selectivity to heavy metal, when improving the heavy metal removing effect, makes the nutritive substance loss less.
(3) technological operation of the present invention is easy, and speed is fast, and cost is low, and the renewable use of resin is fit to industrial production.
(4) the present invention adopts ion-exchange resin technique, and it is good to have the selectivity of removing, and technology is simple, and operation is prone to row, advantages such as treating processes gentleness, and investment running cost is cheap, but industriallization has bright development prospect.
Embodiment:
Embodiment 1
Oyster shelled adds 2 times of volumes of deionized water homogenate 5min after getting meat, and ultrasonic 10min adds neutral protease again; Enzyme concentration is 3000U/g, and enzymatic hydrolysis condition is pH=7, enzymolysis time 4h; 50 ℃ of hydrolysis temperatures; Reaction finishes the back enzyme 10min that under 100 ℃, goes out, and high speed centrifugation 15min filters the back and in protein enzymatic hydrolyzate, adds 3.0 ‰ (W
Hydrocerol A/ W
Protein enzymatic hydrolyzate) Hydrocerol A mix, regulating and controlling temperature is at 60 ℃, reaction times 20min,, supernatant is got in spinning; Regulating supernatant is 50 ℃ in temperature of reaction, and pH is 6, carries out heavy metal removing through D401 macroporous chelate resin post under the column flow rate 5 BV/h conditions, obtains removing the enzymolysis solution of hazardous substance.Enzymolysis solution utilizes atomic emission spectrum to detect heavy metal content before and after just removing respectively, and nitrogen determination is surveyed protein contnt, and detected result is seen table 1.
Table 1
Annotate: ND is not for detecting;
Can obtain from analytical results:
As is reduced to original 86.7% in the oyster enzymolysis solution; Cd is reduced to original 12.5%; Pb all removes.
Embodiment 2
Pteria martensii shelled adds 2 times of volumes of deionized water homogenate 5min after getting meat, and ultrasonic 10min adds flavor protease again; Enzyme concentration is 7200U/g, and enzymatic hydrolysis condition is pH=7, enzymolysis time 5h; 60 ℃ of hydrolysis temperatures; Reaction finishes back 100 ℃ of enzyme 10min that go out, and high speed centrifugation 15min filters the back and in protein enzymatic hydrolyzate, adds 3.0 ‰ (W
Hydrocerol A/ W
Protein enzymatic hydrolyzate) Hydrocerol A mix, regulating and controlling temperature is at 60 ℃, reaction times 20min,, supernatant is got in spinning; Regulating supernatant is 50 ℃ in temperature of reaction, and pH is 5.5, carries out heavy metal removing through D401 macroporous chelate resin post under the column flow rate 5 BV/h conditions, obtains removing the enzymolysis solution of hazardous substance.Enzymolysis solution utilizes atomic emission spectrum to detect heavy metal content before and after just removing respectively, and nitrogen determination is surveyed protein contnt, and detected result is seen table 2.
Table 2
Annotate: ND is not for detecting;
Can obtain from analytical results:
Cd is reduced to original .20% in the pteria martensii enzymolysis solution; Pb is reduced to original 40%.
Embodiment 3
Add 3 times of deionized water homogenate 5min after going internal organ to get meat the cod, ultrasonic 10min adds neutral protease enzymolysis earlier, and enzyme concentration is 3000U/g; Enzymatic hydrolysis condition is pH 7, and enzymolysis time 3h then transfers to 9 with pH, adds the Sumizyme MP enzymolysis; Enzyme concentration 800U/g, enzymolysis time 3h, hydrolysis temperature keeps 55 ℃; Reaction finishes back 100 ℃ of enzyme 10min that go out, and high speed centrifugation 15min filters the back and in protein enzymatic hydrolyzate, adds 1.0 ‰ (W
Hydrocerol A/ W
Protein enzymatic hydrolyzate) Hydrocerol A mix, regulating and controlling temperature is at 50 ℃, reaction times 15min,, supernatant is got in spinning; Regulating supernatant is 50 ℃ in temperature of reaction, and pH is 6, carries out heavy metal removing through ion exchange resin column under the column flow rate 15BV/h condition, obtains removing the enzymolysis solution of hazardous substance.Enzymolysis solution utilizes atomic emission spectrum to detect heavy metal content before and after just removing respectively, and nitrogen determination is surveyed protein contnt, and detected result is seen table 3.
Table 3
Annotate: ND is not for detecting;
Can obtain from analytical results:
Cd, Pb all can remove fully in the cod enzymolysis solution.
Embodiment 4
Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low shelled adds 3 times of volumes of deionized water homogenate 5min after getting meat, and ultrasonic 10min adds bromeline and papain enzymolysis again; Enzyme concentration is respectively 1200U/g and 2400U/g, and enzymatic hydrolysis condition is pH 6, enzymolysis time 4h; 60 ℃ of hydrolysis temperatures; Reaction finishes back 100 ℃ of enzyme 10min that go out, and high speed centrifugation 15min filters the back and in protein enzymatic hydrolyzate, adds 2.0 ‰ (W
Hydrocerol A/ W
Protein enzymatic hydrolyzate) Hydrocerol A mix, regulating and controlling temperature is at 60 ℃, reaction times 20min, supernatant is got in spinning; Regulating supernatant is 55 ℃ in temperature of reaction, and pH is 5.5, carries out heavy metal removing through D401 macroporous chelate resin post under the column flow rate 5 BV/h conditions, obtains removing the enzymolysis solution of hazardous substance.Enzymolysis solution utilizes atomic emission spectrum to detect heavy metal content before and after just removing respectively, and nitrogen determination is surveyed protein contnt, and detected result is seen table 4.
Table 4
Annotate: ND is not for detecting;
Can obtain from analytical results:
As is reduced to originally 83.3% in the Environment of Litopenaeus vannamei Low enzymolysis solution, and it is original 15.8% that Pb is reduced to, and Cd all removes.
Embodiment 5
Sea cucumber is gone to add 3 times of volumes of deionized water homogenate 5min behind the internal organ, and ultrasonic 10min adds flavor protease again; Enzyme concentration is 7200U/g, and enzymatic hydrolysis condition is pH7, enzymolysis time 5h; 60 ℃ of hydrolysis temperatures; Reaction finishes back 100 ℃ of enzyme 10min that go out, and high speed centrifugation 15min filters the back and in protein enzymatic hydrolyzate, adds 2.0 ‰ (W
Acetic acid/ W
Protein enzymatic hydrolyzate) acetic acid mix, regulating and controlling temperature is at 60 ℃, reaction times 10min,, supernatant is got in spinning; Regulating supernatant is 50 ℃ in temperature of reaction, and pH is 5.5, carries out heavy metal removing through D401 macroporous chelate resin post under the column flow rate 15BV/h condition, obtains removing the enzymolysis solution of hazardous substance.Enzymolysis solution utilizes atomic emission spectrum to detect heavy metal content before and after just removing respectively, and nitrogen determination is surveyed protein contnt, and detected result is seen table 5.
Table 5
Annotate: ND is not for detecting;
Can obtain from analytical results:
As is reduced to original 87.5% in the sea cucumber hydrolysate; Cd, Pb all can all remove.
Embodiment 6
Get the abalone internal organ and add 3 times of volumes of deionized water homogenate 5min, ultrasonic 10min adds neutral protease again; Enzyme concentration is 3000U/g, and enzymatic hydrolysis condition is pH 8, enzymolysis time 3h; 45 ℃ of hydrolysis temperatures; Reaction finishes back 100 ℃ of enzyme 10min that go out, and high speed centrifugation 20min filters the back and in protein enzymatic hydrolyzate, adds 2.0 ‰ (W
Hydrocerol A/ W
Protein enzymatic hydrolyzate) Hydrocerol A mix, regulating and controlling temperature is at 60 ℃, reaction times 10min,, supernatant is got in spinning; Regulating supernatant is 50 ℃ in temperature of reaction, and pH is 5.5, carries out heavy metal removing through the D296 anion-exchange resin column under the column flow rate 10 BV/h conditions, obtains removing the enzymolysis solution of hazardous substance.Enzymolysis solution utilizes atomic emission spectrum to detect heavy metal content before and after just removing respectively, and nitrogen determination is surveyed protein contnt, and detected result is seen table 6.
Table 6
Annotate: ND is not for detecting;
Can obtain from analytical results:
As is reduced to original 57.1% in the pteria martensii enzymolysis solution; Pb is reduced to original 60%.
Claims (10)
1. method of from the marine animal protein enzymatic hydrolyzate, removing heavy metal is characterized in that: the method that it utilizes the organic acid complexing to combine with resin absorption, from the marine animal protein enzymatic hydrolyzate, remove heavy metal.
2. the method for removal heavy metal according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described organic acid is one or more in Hydrocerol A, acetic acid, phytic acid, lactic acid, tartrate, xitix, hexanodioic acid, the succsinic acid.
3. the method for removal heavy metal according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described resin is the macropore styrene ion exchange resin or is the modified resin of parent with it that functional group is-N (CH
2COONa)
2,-N
+(CH
3)
3,-SO
3 -,-N (CH
3)
2Among the ,-SH one or more.
4. the method for removal heavy metal according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described heavy metal is one or more in cadmium, lead, copper, nickel, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, zinc, the arsenic.
5. the method for removal heavy metal according to claim 1 is characterized in that: concrete steps do,
(1) organic acid complexing
In the marine animal protein enzymatic hydrolyzate, add organic acid; Add-on be the marine animal protein enzymatic hydrolyzate weight 0.1~3 ‰; 50~70 ℃ of control reaction temperature; Behind constant-temperature shaking 10~30min, make heavy metal and organic acid complexing in the marine animal protein enzymatic hydrolyzate, spinning obtains the enzymolysis supernatant;
(2) ion exchange resin absorption:
A. pre-treatment: at first use the deionized water rinsing resin; Flush away impurity and toner; Then use HCl, deionized water, the NaOH aqueous solution of 4wt%, the deionized water process resin of 4wt% successively, the consumption of the hydrochloric acid and the NaOH aqueous solution is the twice of resin volume; Soaked 2~4 hours after advancing acid, alkali lye, with deionized water that resin wash is extremely neutral;
B. cross post: the enzymolysis supernatant that step (1) is obtained flows through resin column, and the control column temperature is 40~60 ℃, and pH is 4~7, column flow rate 1~15BV/h, and, effluent is the marine animal protein enzymatic hydrolyzate that has removed heavy metal.
6. the method for removal heavy metal according to claim 5 is characterized in that: the preparation process of described marine animal protein enzymatic hydrolyzate does, get fresh marine animal shell internal organ and clean after; Add 1~3 volumes of deionized water homogenate 5min, ultrasonic 10min adds protease hydrolyzed again; Enzyme concentration is 800U/g~7200U/g; Enzymatic hydrolysis condition is pH 6~9, enzymolysis time 3~10h, 40~60 ℃ of hydrolysis temperatures; Enzyme digestion reaction finishes the back enzyme 10min that under 100 ℃, goes out, high speed centrifugation 15~20min, and filtering the back supernatant is the marine animal protein enzymatic hydrolyzate.
7. the method for removal heavy metal according to claim 6 is characterized in that: described marine animal is one or more in shellfish, fish, shrimp crab crustaceans, the echinoderm.
8. the method for removal heavy metal according to claim 7 is characterized in that: described marine animal is one or more in oyster, pteria martensii, scallop, philippine clam whelp, clam, ripple Ba Fei clam, a species of small clam living in fresh water, cod, cabio, yellow croaker, hairtail, sparid class, prawn, shrimp, claws of a hawk shrimp, mud crab, swimming crab, sea urchin, sea cucumber, the abalone.
9. the method for removal heavy metal according to claim 6 is characterized in that: described proteolytic enzyme is one or more in bromeline, papoid, subtilisin, neutral protease, Sumizyme MP, flavor protease, stomach en-, the trypsinase.
10. the method for removal heavy metal according to claim 5; It is characterized in that: the resin behind the post can be regenerated excessively; Regenerative process does; Earlier use the deionized water rinsing resin, use 4wt%HCl, deionized water, the 4wt%NaOH aqueous solution of 2 times of resin column volumes, the deionized water process resin of 2 times of resin column volumes more successively, repeat above-mentioned steps 2~3 times.
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