CN102778709A

CN102778709A - Light diffusion member, method for producing same and display device

Info

Publication number: CN102778709A
Application number: CN2012101439958A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 菅野透; 山本惠美; 前田强
Original assignee: Sharp Corp
Current assignee: Sharp Corp
Priority date: 2011-05-13
Filing date: 2012-05-10
Publication date: 2012-11-14
Also published as: CN202614964U; JP2014142368A; WO2012157517A1

Abstract

This light diffusion member is provided with a light-transmissive substrate, a plurality of light diffusion sections, and a light-blocking layer. The plurality of light diffusion sections are formed at one surface of the substrate. The light-blocking layer is formed at the one surface of the substrate at a region differing from the region of formation of the light diffusion sections. The light diffusion sections have a light exit end surface at the substrate side and have a light entrance end surface that is at the reverse side from the substrate side and has an area greater than the area of the light exit end surface. The dimensions from the light entrance end surface to the light exit end surface of the light diffusion sections are greater than the layer thickness of the light-blocking layer. The light diffusion sections are formed by a plurality of layers by means of a material having a plurality of types of incompatibilities.

Description

Light diffusing member and manufacturing approach thereof, display device

Technical field

The present invention relates to light diffusing member and manufacturing approach thereof, display device.

The application based on May 13rd, 2011 spy in japanese publication be willing to that 2011-108816 advocates right of priority, quotes its content at this.

Background technology

As the display that with mobile phone etc. is master's portable electric appts or televisor, PC etc., liquid crystal indicator is widely used.But, known in the prior artly being, liquid crystal indicator is outstanding from positive visibility usually, and on the other hand, angle of visibility is narrower, therefore in order to have carried out various researchs in the angle of broadening one's vision.One of them considers following structure, and this structure is recognized side looking of display body and possessed the parts that are used to make the light diffusion of penetrating from the display body of liquid crystal panel etc. (below be called light diffusing member).

For example patent documentation 1 discloses a kind of light diffusing sheet, and it possesses: the sheet main body; Outgoing plane one side in the sheet main body is imbedded and to a plurality of approximate wedge-like portion of outgoing plane one side expansion.

The side of the approximate wedge-like portion of this light diffusing sheet constitutes through the folding face, and each the folding face of side and the vertical line angulation of the plane of incidence are along with becoming big near outgoing plane one side.In this light diffusing sheet, be made as this spline structure through the side that will be similar to wedge-like portion, and make light repeatedly total reflection of relative plane of incidence vertical incidence, thereby increase the diffusion angle in the side.

The look-ahead technique document

Patent documentation

Patent documentation 1: TOHKEMY 2005-157216 communique

Summary of the invention

The problem that invention will solve

When making the light diffusing sheet of patent documentation 1 record, the approximate wedge-like portion that will have the side that constitutes through a plurality of folding faces is formed at relatively difficulty of sheet main body.In addition, after the sheet main body forms approximate wedge-like portion, seamlessly imbed relatively trouble such as UV cured resin, the manufacturing process complicacy that becomes in approximate wedge-like portion.Can not the precision highland form, fully do not imbed under the situation such as resin the light diffusing ability that can not obtain expecting in approximate wedge-like portion at the angle of inclination that the folding face takes place hypothesis.

Mode of the present invention is accomplished in order to solve above-mentioned problem, and its purpose is: it is complicated to supply with a kind of manufacturing process that do not make, and just can access the light diffusing member and the manufacturing approach thereof of the light diffusing ability of expectation.In addition, its purpose also is: supply with and a kind ofly possess above-mentioned light diffusing member, and the outstanding display device of display quality.

Be used to solve the means of problem

To achieve these goals, the light diffusing member of a kind of mode of the present invention comprises: the base material with transmitance; Be formed at a plurality of smooth diffusion part of the one side of above-mentioned base material; And light shield layer; It is formed at the different zone, formation one side and above-mentioned smooth diffusion part zone of above-mentioned base material; Wherein, Above-mentioned smooth diffusion part has light in above-mentioned base material side and penetrates end face, and has the light-incident end that penetrates the big area of the area of end face than above-mentioned light in a side opposite with above-mentioned base material side, above-mentioned smooth diffusion part penetrate the bed thickness of the size of end face from above-mentioned light-incident end to above-mentioned light greater than above-mentioned light shield layer; Above-mentioned smooth diffusion part comprises a plurality of layers, and above-mentioned a plurality of layers material has non-intermiscibility each other and differs from one another.

In the light diffusing member of a kind of mode of the present invention, the angle of inclination of a plurality of layers side of above-mentioned smooth diffusion part is different separately.

In the light diffusing member of a kind of mode of the present invention, the refractive index of a plurality of layers material of above-mentioned smooth diffusion part is different separately.

In the light diffusing member of a kind of mode of the present invention, a plurality of layers interface of above-mentioned smooth diffusion part is not parallel with the one side of above-mentioned base material.

In the light diffusing member of a kind of mode of the present invention, the angle of inclination of a plurality of layers side of above-mentioned smooth diffusion part is along with becoming big near above-mentioned light-incident end.

In the light diffusing member of a kind of mode of the present invention, there is air in the gap between above-mentioned a plurality of smooth diffusion parts.

In the light diffusing member of a kind of mode of the present invention; See from the normal direction of the one side of above-mentioned base material; Above-mentioned a plurality of smooth diffusion part is configured to striated across the compartment of terrain each other; See that from the normal direction of the one side of above-mentioned base material above-mentioned light shield layer is being configured to be configured to striated between the light diffusion part of above-mentioned striated.

In the light diffusing member of a kind of mode of the present invention, the size of at least one short side direction in the size of the size of the short side direction of above-mentioned a plurality of smooth diffusion parts, the short side direction of above-mentioned a plurality of light shield layers is set at random.

In the light diffusing member of a kind of mode of the present invention, see that from the normal direction of the one side of above-mentioned base material above-mentioned a plurality of smooth diffusion parts disperse the ground configuration, above-mentioned light shield layer forms in the zone different with the formation zone of above-mentioned smooth diffusion part continuously.

In the light diffusing member of a kind of mode of the present invention, see that from the normal direction of the one side of above-mentioned base material above-mentioned a plurality of smooth diffusion parts dispose regularly.

In the light diffusing member of a kind of mode of the present invention, see above-mentioned a plurality of smooth diffusion part aperiodicity ground configurations from the normal direction of the one side of above-mentioned base material.

In the light diffusing member of a kind of mode of the present invention, see that from the normal direction of the one side of above-mentioned base material above-mentioned a plurality of smooth diffusion parts are of similar shape each other.

In the light diffusing member of a kind of mode of the present invention, see that from the normal direction of the one side of above-mentioned base material above-mentioned a plurality of smooth diffusion parts have different shapes each other.

In the light diffusing member of a kind of mode of the present invention, the flat shape of the above-mentioned smooth diffusion part of seeing from the normal direction of the one side of above-mentioned base material is circular, oval or polygon.

In the light diffusing member of a kind of mode of the present invention, above-mentioned base material has light diffusing.

In the light diffusing member of the another kind of mode of the present invention, comprising: base material with transmitance; Be formed at a plurality of light shield layers of the one side of above-mentioned base material; With the light diffusion part; It is formed at the different zone, formation one side and above-mentioned light shield layer zone of above-mentioned base material; Wherein, Above-mentioned smooth diffusion part has light in above-mentioned base material side and penetrates end face, and has the light-incident end that penetrates the big area of the area of end face than above-mentioned light in a side opposite with above-mentioned base material side, above-mentioned smooth diffusion part penetrate the bed thickness of the size of end face from above-mentioned light-incident end to above-mentioned light greater than above-mentioned light shield layer; Above-mentioned smooth diffusion part comprises a plurality of layers, and above-mentioned a plurality of layers material has non-intermiscibility each other and differs from one another.

In the light diffusing member of the another kind of mode of the present invention, see that from the normal direction of the one side of above-mentioned base material above-mentioned a plurality of light shield layers dispose dispersedly, above-mentioned smooth diffusion part forms in the zone different with the formation zone of above-mentioned light shield layer continuously.

In the light diffusing member of the another kind of mode of the present invention, see that from the normal direction of the one side of above-mentioned base material above-mentioned a plurality of light shield layers dispose regularly.

In the light diffusing member of the another kind of mode of the present invention, see above-mentioned a plurality of light shield layer aperiodicity ground configuration from the normal direction of the one side of above-mentioned base material.

In the light diffusing member of the another kind of mode of the present invention, see that from the normal direction of the one side of above-mentioned base material above-mentioned a plurality of light shield layers are of similar shape each other.

In the light diffusing member of the another kind of mode of the present invention, see that from the normal direction of the one side of above-mentioned base material above-mentioned a plurality of light shield layers have different shapes each other.

In the light diffusing member of the another kind of mode of the present invention, the flat shape of the above-mentioned light shield layer of seeing from the normal direction of the one side of above-mentioned base material is circular, oval or polygon.

The manufacturing approach of the light diffusing member of another mode of the present invention comprises: in the one side of the base material with transmitance, form the light shield layer with peristome; Negative-type photosensitive resin material to being mixed with the multiple material that has non-intermiscibility is each other regulated; In the one side of above-mentioned base material, dispose above-mentioned negative-type photosensitive resin material with the mode that covers above-mentioned light shield layer; Above-mentioned negative-type photosensitive resin material is separated, forms a plurality of negative-type photosensitive resin layers that separate in the normal direction of the one side of above-mentioned base material; From the face of the opposition side of the one side of the above-mentioned base material that is formed with above-mentioned light shield layer and above-mentioned a plurality of negative-type photosensitive resin layers, the peristome through above-mentioned light shield layer makes public to above-mentioned a plurality of negative-type photosensitive resin layers; Above-mentioned a plurality of negative-type photosensitive resin layers behind the above-mentioned end exposure are developed; One side at above-mentioned base material forms a plurality of smooth diffusion parts; This light diffusion part has light in above-mentioned base material side and penetrates end face, and has the light-incident end of the area bigger than the area of above-mentioned light ejaculation end face at the opposition side of above-mentioned base material side.

In the manufacturing approach of the light diffusing member of another mode of the present invention,, use in the multilayer film of black resin, black ink, metal monomer or metal monomer and metal oxide any as the material of above-mentioned light shield layer.

The display device of another mode of the present invention comprises: display body; With the angle of visibility enlargement part, it is arranged at looking of above-mentioned display body and recognizes side, makes from the angle distribution of the light of above-mentioned display body incident to penetrate for make light than the state of expanding before the incident, and above-mentioned angle of visibility enlargement part comprises above-mentioned light diffusing member.

In the display device of another mode of the present invention; Above-mentioned display body has a plurality of pixels that form display image; Among above-mentioned a plurality of smooth diffusion parts of above-mentioned light diffusing member, the maximum spacing between adjacent light diffusion part is less than the spacing between the above-mentioned pixel of above-mentioned display body.

In the display device of another mode of the present invention; Above-mentioned display body has a plurality of pixels that form display image; Among above-mentioned a plurality of light shield layers of above-mentioned light diffusing member, the maximum spacing between adjacent light shield layer is less than the spacing between the above-mentioned pixel of above-mentioned display body.

In the display device of another mode of the present invention, above-mentioned display body has light source; To the optical modulation element of modulating from the light of above-mentioned light source, above-mentioned light source also can penetrate the light with directive property.

In the display device of another mode of the present invention, between above-mentioned display body and above-mentioned light diffusing member, also possess adhesive linkage, above-mentioned adhesive linkage also can have light diffusing.

In the display device of another mode of the present invention, above-mentioned display body also can be liquid crystal display cells.

The invention effect

According to mode of the present invention, it is complicated to supply with a kind of manufacturing process that do not make, and just can access the light diffusing member and the manufacturing approach thereof of the light diffusing ability of expectation.According to mode of the present invention, can supply with and a kind ofly possess above-mentioned light diffusing member, and the outstanding display device of display quality.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the stereographic map of the liquid crystal indicator of expression first embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 2 is the sectional view of the liquid crystal indicator of first embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 3 is the sectional view of liquid crystal panel in the liquid crystal indicator of expression first embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 4 A is used for explaining that the angle of visibility of first embodiment of the invention enlarges the synoptic diagram of the effect of film.

Fig. 4 B is used for explaining that the angle of visibility of first embodiment of the invention enlarges the synoptic diagram of the effect of film.

Fig. 5 A is the stereographic map that the angle of visibility of the liquid crystal indicator of expression first embodiment of the invention enlarges the manufacturing process of film.

Fig. 5 B is the stereographic map that the angle of visibility of the liquid crystal indicator of expression first embodiment of the invention enlarges the manufacturing process of film.

Fig. 5 C is the stereographic map that the angle of visibility of the liquid crystal indicator of expression first embodiment of the invention enlarges the manufacturing process of film.

Fig. 5 D is the stereographic map that the angle of visibility of the liquid crystal indicator of expression first embodiment of the invention enlarges the manufacturing process of film.

Fig. 5 E is the stereographic map that the angle of visibility of the liquid crystal indicator of expression first embodiment of the invention enlarges the manufacturing process of film.

Fig. 5 F is the stereographic map that the angle of visibility of the liquid crystal indicator of expression first embodiment of the invention enlarges the manufacturing process of film.

Fig. 6 A is the stereographic map that the angle of visibility of expression first embodiment of the invention enlarges first variation of film.

Fig. 6 B is the sectional view that the angle of visibility of expression first embodiment of the invention enlarges first variation of film.

Fig. 7 A is the synoptic diagram that the angle of visibility of expression first embodiment of the invention enlarges second variation of film.

Fig. 7 B is the synoptic diagram that the angle of visibility of expression first embodiment of the invention enlarges second variation of film.

Fig. 8 is the stereographic map of the liquid crystal indicator of expression second embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 9 is the sectional view of the liquid crystal indicator of second embodiment of the invention.

Figure 10 A is the stereographic map that the angle of visibility of the liquid crystal indicator of expression second embodiment of the invention enlarges the manufacturing process of film.

Figure 10 B is the stereographic map that the angle of visibility of the liquid crystal indicator of expression second embodiment of the invention enlarges the manufacturing process of film.

Figure 10 C is the stereographic map that the angle of visibility of the liquid crystal indicator of expression second embodiment of the invention enlarges the manufacturing process of film.

Figure 10 D is the stereographic map that the angle of visibility of the liquid crystal indicator of expression second embodiment of the invention enlarges the manufacturing process of film.

Figure 10 E is the stereographic map that the angle of visibility of the liquid crystal indicator of expression second embodiment of the invention enlarges the manufacturing process of film.

Figure 10 F is the stereographic map that the angle of visibility of the liquid crystal indicator of expression second embodiment of the invention enlarges the manufacturing process of film.

Figure 11 A is the stereographic map that the angle of visibility of expression second embodiment of the invention enlarges first variation of film.

Figure 11 B is the sectional view that the angle of visibility of expression second embodiment of the invention enlarges first variation of film.

Figure 12 is the stereographic map of the liquid crystal indicator of expression third embodiment of the invention.

Figure 13 is the sectional view of the liquid crystal indicator of third embodiment of the invention.

Figure 14 A is used for explaining that the angle of visibility of third embodiment of the invention enlarges the sectional view of the effect of film.

Figure 14 B is used for explaining that the angle of visibility of third embodiment of the invention enlarges the top view of the effect of film.

Figure 15 A is the stereographic map that the angle of visibility of the liquid crystal indicator of expression third embodiment of the invention enlarges the manufacturing process of film.

Figure 15 B is the stereographic map that the angle of visibility of the liquid crystal indicator of expression third embodiment of the invention enlarges the manufacturing process of film.

Figure 15 C is the stereographic map that the angle of visibility of the liquid crystal indicator of expression third embodiment of the invention enlarges the manufacturing process of film.

Figure 15 D is the stereographic map that the angle of visibility of the liquid crystal indicator of expression third embodiment of the invention enlarges the manufacturing process of film.

Figure 15 E is the stereographic map that the angle of visibility of the liquid crystal indicator of expression third embodiment of the invention enlarges the manufacturing process of film.

Figure 15 F is the stereographic map that the angle of visibility of the liquid crystal indicator of expression third embodiment of the invention enlarges the manufacturing process of film.

Figure 16 A is the planimetric map that the angle of visibility of expression third embodiment of the invention enlarges first variation of film.

Figure 16 B is the planimetric map that the angle of visibility of expression third embodiment of the invention enlarges first variation of film.

Figure 16 C is the planimetric map that the angle of visibility of expression third embodiment of the invention enlarges first variation of film.

Figure 16 D is the planimetric map that the angle of visibility of expression third embodiment of the invention enlarges first variation of film.

Figure 16 E is the planimetric map that the angle of visibility of expression third embodiment of the invention enlarges first variation of film.

Figure 16 F is the planimetric map that the angle of visibility of expression third embodiment of the invention enlarges first variation of film.

Figure 16 G is the planimetric map that the angle of visibility of expression third embodiment of the invention enlarges first variation of film.

Figure 17 A is used for explaining that the angle of visibility of third embodiment of the invention enlarges the synoptic diagram of the effect of film.

Figure 17 B is used for explaining that the angle of visibility of third embodiment of the invention enlarges the synoptic diagram of the effect of film.

Figure 18 A is the stereographic map that the angle of visibility of expression third embodiment of the invention enlarges second variation of film.

Figure 18 B is the sectional view that the angle of visibility of expression third embodiment of the invention enlarges second variation of film.

Figure 19 is the stereographic map of the liquid crystal indicator of expression four embodiment of the invention.

Figure 20 A is the stereographic map that the angle of visibility of the liquid crystal indicator of expression four embodiment of the invention enlarges the manufacturing process of film.

Figure 20 B is the stereographic map that the angle of visibility of the liquid crystal indicator of expression four embodiment of the invention enlarges the manufacturing process of film.

Figure 20 C is the stereographic map that the angle of visibility of the liquid crystal indicator of expression four embodiment of the invention enlarges the manufacturing process of film.

Figure 20 D is the stereographic map that the angle of visibility of the liquid crystal indicator of expression four embodiment of the invention enlarges the manufacturing process of film.

Figure 20 E is the stereographic map that the angle of visibility of the liquid crystal indicator of expression four embodiment of the invention enlarges the manufacturing process of film.

Figure 20 F is the stereographic map that the angle of visibility of the liquid crystal indicator of expression four embodiment of the invention enlarges the manufacturing process of film.

Figure 21 is the stereographic map of the liquid crystal indicator of expression fifth embodiment of the invention.

Figure 22 A is used for explaining that the angle of visibility of fifth embodiment of the invention enlarges the synoptic diagram of the effect of film.

Figure 22 B is used for explaining that the angle of visibility of fifth embodiment of the invention enlarges the synoptic diagram of the effect of film.

Figure 23 A is the stereographic map that the angle of visibility of the liquid crystal indicator of expression fifth embodiment of the invention enlarges the manufacturing process of film.

Figure 23 B is the stereographic map that the angle of visibility of the liquid crystal indicator of expression fifth embodiment of the invention enlarges the manufacturing process of film.

Figure 23 C is the stereographic map that the angle of visibility of the liquid crystal indicator of expression fifth embodiment of the invention enlarges the manufacturing process of film.

Figure 23 D is the stereographic map that the angle of visibility of the liquid crystal indicator of expression fifth embodiment of the invention enlarges the manufacturing process of film.

Figure 23 E is the stereographic map that the angle of visibility of the liquid crystal indicator of expression fifth embodiment of the invention enlarges the manufacturing process of film.

Figure 23 F is the stereographic map that the angle of visibility of the liquid crystal indicator of expression fifth embodiment of the invention enlarges the manufacturing process of film.

Figure 24 is the stereographic map of the liquid crystal indicator of expression sixth embodiment of the invention.

Figure 25 A is used for explaining that the angle of visibility of sixth embodiment of the invention enlarges the synoptic diagram of the effect of film.

Figure 25 B is used for explaining that the angle of visibility of sixth embodiment of the invention enlarges the synoptic diagram of the effect of film.

Figure 26 A is the stereographic map that the angle of visibility of the liquid crystal indicator of expression sixth embodiment of the invention enlarges the manufacturing process of film.

Figure 26 B is the stereographic map that the angle of visibility of the liquid crystal indicator of expression sixth embodiment of the invention enlarges the manufacturing process of film.

Figure 26 C is the stereographic map that the angle of visibility of the liquid crystal indicator of expression sixth embodiment of the invention enlarges the manufacturing process of film.

Figure 26 D is the stereographic map that the angle of visibility of the liquid crystal indicator of expression sixth embodiment of the invention enlarges the manufacturing process of film.

Figure 26 E is the stereographic map that the angle of visibility of the liquid crystal indicator of expression sixth embodiment of the invention enlarges the manufacturing process of film.

Figure 27 A is another routine planimetric map that the angle of visibility of expression sixth embodiment of the invention enlarges the light shield layer in the film.

Figure 27 B is another routine planimetric map that the angle of visibility of expression sixth embodiment of the invention enlarges the light shield layer in the film.

Figure 27 C is another routine planimetric map that the angle of visibility of expression sixth embodiment of the invention enlarges the light shield layer in the film.

Figure 27 D is another routine planimetric map that the angle of visibility of expression sixth embodiment of the invention enlarges the light shield layer in the film.

Figure 27 E is another routine planimetric map that the angle of visibility of expression sixth embodiment of the invention enlarges the light shield layer in the film.

Figure 27 F is another routine planimetric map that the angle of visibility of expression sixth embodiment of the invention enlarges the light shield layer in the film.

Figure 27 G is another routine planimetric map that the angle of visibility of expression sixth embodiment of the invention enlarges the light shield layer in the film.

Figure 27 H is another routine planimetric map that the angle of visibility of expression sixth embodiment of the invention enlarges the light shield layer in the film.

Figure 27 I is another routine planimetric map that the angle of visibility of expression sixth embodiment of the invention enlarges the light shield layer in the film.

Figure 27 J is another routine planimetric map that the angle of visibility of expression sixth embodiment of the invention enlarges the light shield layer in the film.

Figure 28 A is the stereographic map that the angle of visibility of expression sixth embodiment of the invention enlarges first variation of film.

Figure 28 B is the sectional view that the angle of visibility of expression sixth embodiment of the invention enlarges first variation of film.

Figure 29 is the stereographic map of the liquid crystal indicator of expression seventh embodiment of the invention.

Figure 30 A is the stereographic map that the angle of visibility of the liquid crystal indicator of expression seventh embodiment of the invention enlarges the manufacturing process of film.

Figure 30 B is the stereographic map that the angle of visibility of the liquid crystal indicator of expression seventh embodiment of the invention enlarges the manufacturing process of film.

Figure 30 C is the stereographic map that the angle of visibility of the liquid crystal indicator of expression seventh embodiment of the invention enlarges the manufacturing process of film.

Figure 30 D is the stereographic map that the angle of visibility of the liquid crystal indicator of expression seventh embodiment of the invention enlarges the manufacturing process of film.

Figure 30 E is the stereographic map that the angle of visibility of the liquid crystal indicator of expression seventh embodiment of the invention enlarges the manufacturing process of film.

Figure 31 is the stereographic map of the liquid crystal indicator of expression eighth embodiment of the invention.

Figure 32 A is the stereographic map that the angle of visibility of the liquid crystal indicator of expression eighth embodiment of the invention enlarges the manufacturing process of film.

Figure 32 B is the stereographic map that the angle of visibility of the liquid crystal indicator of expression eighth embodiment of the invention enlarges the manufacturing process of film.

Figure 32 C is the stereographic map that the angle of visibility of the liquid crystal indicator of expression eighth embodiment of the invention enlarges the manufacturing process of film.

Figure 32 D is the stereographic map that the angle of visibility of the liquid crystal indicator of expression eighth embodiment of the invention enlarges the manufacturing process of film.

Figure 32 E is the stereographic map that the angle of visibility of the liquid crystal indicator of expression eighth embodiment of the invention enlarges the manufacturing process of film.

Figure 33 is the sectional view of the liquid crystal indicator of expression nineth embodiment of the invention.

Figure 34 A is the synoptic diagram of effect that is used for explaining the scattering layer of nineth embodiment of the invention.

Figure 34 B is the synoptic diagram of effect that is used for explaining the scattering layer of nineth embodiment of the invention.

Figure 35 is the sectional view of the liquid crystal indicator of expression tenth embodiment of the invention.

Figure 36 A is the synoptic diagram of effect that is used for explaining the scattering layer of tenth embodiment of the invention.

Figure 36 B is the synoptic diagram of effect that is used for explaining the scattering layer of tenth embodiment of the invention.

Figure 37 is the stereographic map of an example of the expression angle of visibility manufacturing installation that enlarges film.

Figure 38 A is the stereographic map of the major part of the expression angle of visibility manufacturing installation that enlarges film.

Figure 38 B is the stereographic map of the major part of the expression angle of visibility manufacturing installation that enlarges film.

Figure 39 A is the figure of the brightness angular characteristics of expression directive property backlight.

Figure 39 B is the figure that the brightness angular characteristics to the directive property backlight describes.

Figure 39 C is the figure of expression from ejaculation angle with the relation of the cone angle that becomes critical angle of backlight.

The explanation of Reference numeral

1,51,61,61B, 61C, 71,71B, 71C, 81,91 ... Liquid crystal indicator (display device); 2 ... Backlight (light source); 4 ... Liquid crystal panel (optical modulation element); 6 ... Liquid crystal display (display body); 7,7A, 7B, 52,52A, 62,62A, 62B, 62C, 72,72A, 72B, 72C, 92 ... Angle of visibility enlarges film (light diffusing member, angle of visibility enlargement part); 39 ... Base material; 40,40A, 40B, 53,53A, 63,63e, 63f, 63g, 63h, 63i, 63j, 63A, 63C, 73,73A, 73B, 73C ... The light diffusion part; 40a, 40Ba, 53a, 63a, 73a ... Light penetrates end face; 40b, 40Bb, 53b, 63b, 73b ... Light-incident end; 40c, 40Bc, 53c, 63c, 73c ... The side; 40d, 40Bd, 53d, 63d, 73d ... The interface; 41,41A, 66,66A, 66B, 66C, 76,76a, 76b, 76c, 76d, 76e, 76f, 76g, 76h, 76i, 76j, 76A, 76C ... Light shield layer; 42,42A, 42B, 54,54A, 64,64A, 64C, 74,74A, 74B, 74C ... Ground floor (layer that comprises first material); 43,43A, 43B, 55,55A, 65,65A, 65C, 75,75A, 75B, 75C ... The second layer (layer that comprises second material); 49,50 ... Film on (negative-type photosensitive resin layer); θ 1, θ 2 ... The angle of inclination

Embodiment

[first embodiment]

Below, with reference to Fig. 1～Fig. 5 F, first embodiment of the invention is described.

In this embodiment, enumerate the example of liquid crystal indicator that possesses the liquid crystal panel of transmission-type as display body and describe.

In addition, in following whole accompanying drawings,, has the situation that the ratio of size is represented differently in textural element in order to see each textural element easily.

Fig. 1 is the stereographic map that (rear side) seen the liquid crystal indicator of this embodiment from oblique below.

Fig. 2 is the sectional view of the liquid crystal indicator of this embodiment.

As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the liquid crystal indicator 1 (display device) of this embodiment comprises: the liquid crystal display 6 (display body) with backlight 2 (light source), first polarization plates 3, liquid crystal panel 4 (optical modulation element) and second polarization plates 5; Enlarge film 7 (angle of visibility enlargement part, light diffusing member) with angle of visibility.In Fig. 2, with liquid crystal panel 4 be schematically illustrated as one tabular, its detailed construction is narrated in the back.The observer can see demonstration from the upside of the liquid crystal indicator 1 the Fig. 2 that disposes angle of visibility expansion film 7.Therefore, in following explanation, be called to look and recognize side, a side that disposes backlight 2 is called rear side disposing a side that angle of visibility enlarges film 7.

In the liquid crystal indicator 1 of this embodiment, the light that penetrates from backlight 2 is modulated at liquid crystal panel 4, show set image and literal etc. through the light of having modulated.In addition, when the transmittance angle of visibility from liquid crystal panel 4 ejaculations enlarges film 7, make the angle distribution that penetrates light, make light enlarge film 7 and penetrate from angle of visibility for enlarging film 7 state of expansion before than being incident to angle of visibility.Thus, the observer can have broad angle of visibility to look to recognize demonstration.

Below, the concrete structure of liquid crystal panel 4 is described.

At this, the transmissive type liquid crystal panel of enumerating the active matrix mode as an example describes, but can be applicable to that the liquid crystal panel of this embodiment is not defined in the transmissive type liquid crystal panel of active matrix mode.Can be applicable to the liquid crystal panel of this embodiment; Also can be for example Semitransmissive (transmission, reflection dual-purpose type) liquid crystal panel or reflective liquid crystal panel; In addition; Can also not possess the liquid crystal panel of switch for each pixel with the simple matrix mode of thin film transistor (TFT) (Thin Film Transistor is hereinafter to be referred as TFT).

Fig. 3 is the longitudinal diagram of liquid crystal panel 4.

As shown in Figure 3, liquid crystal panel 4 has TFT substrate 9, colored filter substrate 10 and liquid crystal layer 11.TFT substrate 9 is arranged at liquid crystal panel 4 as the on-off element substrate.Colored filter substrate 10 disposes with TFT substrate 9 relatively.Liquid crystal layer 11 is held between TFT substrate 9 and the colored filter substrate 10.Liquid crystal layer 11 is enclosed by TFT substrate 9, colored filter substrate 10 with in the interval of regulation makes the space that the seal member (not shown) of the bonding frame shape of TFT substrate 9 and colored filter substrate 10 surrounded.

The liquid crystal panel 4 of this embodiment shows with for example VA (Vertical Alignment, vertical orientated) pattern, in liquid crystal layer 11, uses dielectric constant anisotropy to be negative vertical orientated liquid crystal.

Between TFT substrate 9 and colored filter substrate 10, dispose and be used for these substrate distance are remained certain spherical liner 12.In addition,, be not defined in above-mentioned VA pattern, can use TN (Twisted Nematic) pattern, STN (Super Twisted Nematic) pattern, IPS (In Plane Switching) pattern etc. about display mode.

In TFT substrate 9, dispose a plurality of pixels (not shown) as the least unit zone that shows rectangularly.In TFT substrate 9, the mode of extending to be parallel to each other is formed with a plurality of source electrode bus lines (not shown), and extends to be parallel to each other and be formed with a plurality of grid bus circuits (not shown) with the mode of a plurality of source electrode bus line quadratures.Therefore, on TFT substrate 9, a plurality of source electrode bus lines and a plurality of grid bus circuit form lattice-shaped, and the rectangular-shaped zone of being divided by adjacent source bus line circuit and adjacent grid bus circuit is a pixel.The source bus line circuit with after the source electrode of the TFT that states be connected, the grid bus circuit is connected with the gate electrode of TFT.

At the face of liquid crystal layer 11 sides of the transparency carrier 14 that constitutes TFT substrate 9, be formed with have semiconductor layer 15, the TFT19 of gate electrode 16, source electrode 17, drain electrode 18 etc.

As transparency carrier 14, can use for example glass substrate.Continuous grain crystal silicon), LPS (Low-temperature Poly-Silicon: low temperature polycrystalline silicon), a-Si (Amorphous Silicon: semiconductor material amorphous silicon) etc. on transparency carrier 14, be formed with semiconductor layer 15, it comprises (the Continuous Grain Silicon: of CGS for example.

In addition, on transparency carrier 14, be formed with gate insulating film 20 with the mode that covers semiconductor layer 15.As the material of gate insulating film 20, can use for example silicon dioxide film, silicon nitride film or their stack membrane etc.On gate insulating film 20, to be formed with gate electrode 16 with semiconductor layer 15 relative modes.As the material of gate electrode 16, can use stack membrane, Mo (molybdenum), Ti (titanium), Al (aluminium) of W (tungsten)/TaN (tantalum nitride) for example etc.

On gate insulating film 20, be formed with first interlayer dielectric 21 with the mode of cover gate electrode 16.As the material of first interlayer dielectric 21, can use for example silicon dioxide film, silicon nitride film or their stack membrane etc.

On first interlayer dielectric 21, be formed with source electrode 17 and drain electrode 18.Source electrode 17 is connected with the source region of semiconductor layer 15 via the contact hole 22 that connects first interlayer dielectric 21 and gate insulating film 20.Likewise, drain electrode 18 is connected with the drain region of semiconductor layer 15 via the contact hole 23 that connects first interlayer dielectric 21 and gate insulating film 20.As the material of source electrode 17 and drain electrode 18, can use the conductive material identical with above-mentioned gate electrode 16.On first interlayer dielectric 21, be formed with second interlayer dielectric 24 with the mode that covers source electrode 17 and drain electrode 18.As the material of second interlayer dielectric 24, can use and above-mentioned first interlayer dielectric, 21 identical materials or organic insulation property material.

On second interlayer dielectric 24, be formed with pixel electrode 25.Pixel electrode 25 is connected with drain electrode 18 via the contact hole 26 that connects second interlayer dielectric 24.Therefore, pixel electrode 25 is connected as relaying drain electrode 18 with the drain region of electrode with semiconductor layer 15.As the material of pixel electrode 25, can use for example ITO (Indium Tin Oxide, tin indium oxide), IZO transparent conductivity materials such as (Indium Zinc Oxide, indium zinc oxides).By this structure, supply with sweep signal through the grid bus circuit, when TFT19 was on-state, the picture signal of supplying with to source electrode 17 through the source bus line circuit was supplied to pixel electrode 25 through semiconductor layer 15, drain electrode 18.In addition, be formed with alignment films 27 with the front of mode on second interlayer dielectric 24 that covers pixel electrode 25.This alignment films 27 has makes the vertical orientated orientation constraining force of liquid crystal molecule that constitutes liquid crystal layer 11.In addition,, bottom gate type TFT shown in Figure 3 can be, also top gate type TFT can be as the form of TFT.

On the other hand, the face in liquid crystal layer 11 sides of the transparency carrier 29 that constitutes colored filter substrate 10 is formed with black matrix" 30, colored filter 31, planarization layer 32, opposite electrode 33, alignment films 34 successively.Black matrix" 30 has the function of blocking optical transmission in inter-pixel areas.Black matrix" 30 by the metal of the multilayer film of for example Cr (chromium) or Cr/ oxidation Cr etc., or the photoresist that carbon particle is dispersed in the photosensitive resin form.

Colored filter 31 comprises the pigment of all kinds of redness (R), green (G), blue (B).A pixel electrode 25 on TFT substrate 9 disposes any colored filter 31 of R, G, B relatively.In addition, colored filter 31 also can be the polychrome structure more than 3 looks of R, G, B.

Planarization layer 32 comprises the dielectric film that covers black matrix" 30 and colored filter 31.Planarization layer 32 has to be made by the difference of height mitigation due to black matrix" 30 and the colored filter 31 and the function of planarization.On planarization layer 32, be formed with opposite electrode 33.As the material of opposite electrode 33, can use the transparent conductivity material identical with pixel electrode 25.In addition, the whole face on opposite electrode 33 is formed with the alignment films 34 with vertical orientated constraining force.

Get back to Fig. 2, backlight 2 has: light sources such as light emitting diode, cold-cathode tube 36; The internal reflection of the light that utilization is penetrated from light source 36 and LGP 37 that it is penetrated to liquid crystal panel 4.Backlight 2 can be disposed at the edge-light type of the end face of light conductor for light source, also can for light source be disposed at light conductor under full run-down type.Backlight 2 as using at this embodiment it is desirable to use the ejaculation direction that can control light and the backlight with directive property, is the directive property backlight.The such directive property backlight of light diffusion part that the angle of visibility of stating after through use parallel or approximately parallel light being incident to enlarges film 7 can reduce fuzzy, improves the utilization ratio of light.Above-mentioned directive property backlight can be realized through the shape that is formed at the reflective graphics in the LGP 37 and configuration are optimized.Can also realize directive property through window shutter is set on backlight.In addition, between backlight 2 and liquid crystal panel 4, be provided with as acting first polarization plates 3 of polaroid.In addition, between liquid crystal panel 4 and angle of visibility expansion film 7, be provided with as acting second polarization plates 5 of polariton.

Below, angle of visibility is enlarged film 7 be elaborated.

Fig. 4 A is the sectional view that angle of visibility enlarges film 7.

As Fig. 1, Fig. 2, and Fig. 4 A shown in, angle of visibility enlarges film 7 and comprises: base material 39; Be formed at a plurality of smooth diffusion part 40 of the one side (looking the face of the opposition side of recognizing side) of base material 39; Light shield layer 41 with the one side that is formed at base material 39.As shown in Figure 2, this angle of visibility enlarges film 7 so that a side that is provided with light diffusion part 40 towards second polarization plates 5, make base material 39 a side towards looking the state of recognizing side, be fixed on second polarization plates 5 through adhesive linkage 8.As the material of adhesive linkage, can use the suitable cementability material corresponding of rubber-like or acrylic compounds, silicone or vinyl alkyl ethers class, polyvinyl alcohol or bonding agents such as polyvinylpyrrolidone class, polyacrylamide or cellulose family etc. with adhering object.Especially, the preferred outstanding cementability materials such as the transparency and weatherability that use.In addition, preferred adhesive linkage before practicality the temporary transient separator etc. pasted to protect.

In following explanation, the horizontal direction of screen of definition liquid crystal panel 4 is that the vertical direction of the screen of x axle, liquid crystal panel 4 is that the thickness direction of y axle, liquid crystal indicator 1 is the z axle.

Light diffusion part 40 forms with the mode of extending to the vertical direction (y direction of principal axis) of the screen of liquid crystal panel 4.Light diffusion part 40 forms as follows, horizontal section (xy cross section) be shaped as elongated rectangle, the area of face 40a of base material 39 sides that penetrates end face as light is little, and is big as the area of the face 40b of the opposition side of the base material 39 of light-incident end.From the normal direction (z direction of principal axis) of base material 39, be configured to striated a plurality of smooth diffusion part 40 apart certain intervals.From the normal direction (z direction of principal axis) of base material 39, light shield layer 41 is being configured to be configured to striated between the adjacent light diffusion part 40 of striated.

As base material 39, can use resenes such as thermoplastic polymer or thermoset resin, optical polymerism resin etc. usually.Can use the base material of the suitable transparent resin system that comprises acrylic polymers, olefin polymer, vinyl class in polymer, cellulosic polymer, acylamide polymer, fluorine-based polymer, ammonia esters polymer, silicone polymkeric substance, acid imide polymkeric substance etc.For example, preferably use the base material of transparent resin systems such as Triafol T (TAC) film, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film, cyclic olefin polymer (COP) film, polycarbonate (PC) film, PEN (PEN) film, polyethylene glycol succinate (PES) film, polyimide (PI) film.Base material 39 after in the manufacturing process stated, the substrate when after becoming the material of light shield layer 41 and light diffusion part 40 being applied need possess thermotolerance and physical strength in the heat treatment step of manufacturing process.Therefore, as base material 39,, also can use the base material of glass etc. except resinous base material.Wherein, the thickness of base material 39 does not preferably lose the thin degree of thermotolerance and physical strength.Its reason is: the thicker of base material 39 might produce the fuzzy of demonstration more.In addition, the full light transmittance of base material 39 is preferred more than 90% in the regulation of JIS K7361-1.If full light transmittance is more than 90%, then can obtain the sufficient transparency.In this embodiment, be the TAC film of 100 μ m as an example used thickness.

Light diffusion part 40 comprises: the layer (ground floor 42) that comprises first material; With comprise with respect to first material have non-intermiscibility second material the layer (second layer 43).Usually, the material that mixes different types of macromolecular material has non-intermiscibility.For example, light diffusion part 40 can use acryl resin as first material, uses epoxy resin as second material.Light diffusion part 40 comprises having transmitance and photosensitive organic material.In addition, the full light transmittance of light diffusion part 40 is preferred more than 90% in the regulation of JIS K7361-1.If full light transmittance is more than 90%, then can obtain the sufficient transparency.Shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 4 A, light diffusion part 40 comprises from base material 39 sides two-layer by the ground floor 42 of this order lamination, the second layer 43.Under the situation of this embodiment, ground floor 42 is formed by the transparent negative resist of crylic acid resin, and the second layer 43 is formed by the transparent negative resist of epoxy resin.As the material of light diffusion part, can use acrylic resin, epikote, the potpourri of the transparent resin system of mixed polymerization initiating agent, coupling agent, monomer, organic solvent etc. in the resin of silicone resin etc.Polymerization initiator also can contain stabilizing agent, suppressant, plastifier, fluorescer, release agent, chain-transferring agent, other the various supplementary elements of photopolymerization monomer etc. and so on.In addition, also can use the material of No. 4129991 record of patent.

Shown in Fig. 4 A, as a whole, the area of the face 40a of base material 39 sides that become light ejaculation end face of light diffusion part 40 is little, along with the area away from base material 39 horizontal sections increases gradually.That is, when base material 39 was looked sideways, light diffusion part 40 had the roughly shape of four limit frustums of so-called inverted cone shape.The side 40c of the back taper of light diffusion part 40 comprises the side 42c of ground floor 42 and the side 43c of the second layer 43.The interface 40d of ground floor 42 and the second layer 43 forms with the light-incident end 40b and the light ejaculation end face 40a of light diffusion part 40 abreast.The width W 1 of the light-incident end 40b of light diffusion part 40 (size of short side direction) is for example 10 μ m, and the spacing P1 that the adjacent light diffusion part is 40 is for example 20 μ m.

The side 43c of the second layer 43 and light-incident end 40b angulation θ 2 are greater than the side 42c and the interface 40d angulation θ 1 of ground floor 42.In following explanation; The angle of inclination that the side 43c and the light-incident end 40b angulation θ 2 of the second layer 43 is called the side 43c of the second layer 43, the angle of inclination that the side 42c and the interface 40d angulation θ 1 of ground floor 42 is called the side 42c of ground floor 42.The tilt angle theta 2 of the tilt angle theta 1 of the side 42c of ground floor 42 and the side 43c of the second layer 43 is preferred more than 60 ° below 90 °.

The angle of inclination of a plurality of sides of light diffusion part 40 (tilt angle theta 2 of the tilt angle theta 1 of the side 42c of ground floor 42 and the side 43c of the second layer 43) is along with becoming big near light-incident end 40b side.For example, the tilt angle theta 2 that the tilt angle theta 1 of the side 42c of ground floor 42 is made as the side 43c of 75 degree, the second layer 43 is made as 80 degree.Wherein, as long as the tilt angle theta of the tilt angle theta 1 of the side 42c of ground floor 42 and the side 43c of the second layer 43 2 is not for incident light can lose too greatly, and the angle that can incident light fully be spread does not then limit especially.

Enlarge in the film 7 at angle of visibility, light diffusion part 40 is for helping the part of optical transmission.That is, shown in Fig. 4 A, be incident to light 40c total reflection of light diffusion part 40, simultaneously, carry out leaded light with the approximate light diffusion part 40 inner states that are closed in, and penetrate in the side of the taper of light diffusion part 40.

Shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 4 A, the light diffusion part 40 that light shield layer 41 is formed at base material 39 forms the zone beyond the formation zone of a plurality of smooth diffusion parts 40 in the face of sides.As an example, light shield layer 41 comprises light absorption and the photosensitive organic material with black matrix" etc.In addition, as light shield layer 41, also can use the metal films such as multilayer film that are mixed for Cr (chromium) or Cr/ oxidation Cr, black ink and so on pigment and dyestuff, multi-color ink and as the material of black ink.Except that these material, get final product so long as have the material of light-proofness.The width of light shield layer 41 (size of short side direction) is for example 10 μ m.

The bed thickness of light shield layer 41 is set at the height (size) that penetrates end face 40a from light-incident end 40b to light less than light diffusion part 40.Under the situation of this embodiment, as an example, the bed thickness of light shield layer 41 is the 150nm degree, and as an example, the height that penetrates end face 40a from light-incident end 40b to light of light diffusion part 40 is 50 μ m degree.The part that the gap that a plurality of smooth diffusion parts are 40 is connected in the one side with base material 39 has light shield layer 41, and the part beyond this has air.

In addition, the refractive index of the refractive index of preferred ground floor 42 and the second layer 43 is roughly the same.Its reason is: for example if the refractive index of ground floor 42 and the refractive index of the second layer 43 differ bigger; When then making light from the interface 40d transmission of the ground floor 42 and the second layer 43; On the 40d of interface, produce the refraction and the reflection of unnecessary light, the light diffusion angle that can not obtain expecting, the situation that penetrates the light quantity minimizing of light may take place.Same reason, the refractive index of the refractive index of preferred substrates 39 and ground floor 42 is roughly the same.

Basic; The angle of inclination of the side 40c of light diffusion part 40 is set at the angle that surpasses with respect to the critical angle of the normal of the side 40c of light diffusion part 40, so that with respect to the light-incident end 40b of light diffusion part 40 vertically or the light total reflection of incident generally perpendicularly.

But; Shown in Fig. 4 B; In the tilt angle theta 3 of the side of light diffusion part 140 140c is that certain angle of visibility enlarges under the situation of film 107, with respect to light L1 140c total reflection in the side of light diffusion part 140 of the light-incident end 140b vertical incidence of light diffusion part 140.But the light-incident end 140b of relative light diffusion part 140 is with the light L2 of angle incidents beyond 90 degree, and its incident angle is littler than critical angle, may can not penetrate end face 140a from light and penetrate from the side 140c transmission of light diffusion part 140.

In addition, if the angle of inclination of the side 140c of light diffusion part 140 is certain, then concentrates to specific diffusion angle and penetrate with respect to the light L1 of the light-incident end 140b vertical incidence of light diffusion part 140.Its result can not make light spread equably at the angular range of broadness, can only obtain vivid demonstration at specific angle of visibility.

Relative therewith; Shown in Fig. 4 A; Angle of visibility at this embodiment enlarges in the film 7, and the side 40c of light diffusion part 40 has two kinds of different tilt angle theta 1, θ 2, and the tilt angle theta 2 of the side 43c of the second layer 43 is greater than the tilt angle theta 1 of the side 42c of ground floor 42.Thus, at the central portion of light diffusion part 40 light L0, be not incident to side 40c and from 40 transmissions of light diffusion part with respect to light-incident end 40b vertical incidence.

On the other hand,, for example after the 43c total reflection of the side of the second layer 43, change angle at the light L1 of the periphery relative light incident end face 40b of light diffusion part 40 vertical incidence, extremely outside from ground floor 42, base material 39 transmissions and ejaculation successively.With respect to the light-incident end 40b of light diffusion part 40 light L2, for example after the 42c total reflection of the side of ground floor 42, change angle, successively from ground floor 42, base material 39 transmissions and penetrate outside with the angle incidents beyond 90 degree.

Thus, under the situation of this embodiment,, therefore, can make the diffusion angle of light not concentrate on one because the side 40c of light diffusion part 40 has two kinds of different angles of inclination.

Its result can make the light diffusion property of angle of visibility expansion film 7 milder, can obtain vivid demonstration at the angle of visibility of broadness.

Under the situation of this embodiment, owing to have air 40 of adjacent light diffusion parts, therefore, if form light diffusion part 40 by for example acryl resin, then the side 40c of light diffusion part 40 becomes the interface of acryl resin and air.Suppose promptly to use other low-index material fill light diffusion part 40 around, exist the situation of any low-index material to compare with the outside, the inside of light diffusion part 40 is maximum under the situation that air exists with the refringence at outside interface.Therefore, according to Snell rule (Si Nieer rule), in the structure of this embodiment, critical angle is minimum, and the ranges of incidence angles of 40c light total reflection is the widest in the side of light diffusion part 40.Its result can further suppress the loss of light, obtains higher brightness.

Wherein, Shown in Fig. 4 A; With respect to the light-incident end 40b of light diffusion part 40 with the light L3 of the bigger angle incident of phase quadrature, with the angle incident below the critical angle, total reflection does not take place and from the side 40c transmission of light diffusion part 40 with respect to the side 40c of light diffusion part 40.Even so, because the zone beyond the formation zone of light diffusion part 40 is provided with light shield layer 41, therefore, be absorbed at light shield layer 41 from the light of the side 40c transmission of light diffusion part 40.Therefore, can not produce the fuzzy of demonstration, the situation that contrast reduces.But, if increase, then cause the loss of light quantity from the light of the side 40c transmission of light diffusion part 40, can not obtain the higher image of brightness.Therefore, in the liquid crystal indicator 1 of this embodiment, preferably use in the side of light diffusion part 40 40c backlight, the backlight that promptly has directive property light is not penetrated in the angle of the following incident of critical angle.

Figure 39 A is the figure of the brightness angular characteristics of expression directive property backlight.This figure relates to the light that penetrates from the directive property backlight, transverse axis represent to penetrate angle (°), the longitudinal axis is represented brightness (cd/m ²).Known, the directive property backlight of this use penetrated wide cause all penetrating in angle ± 30 °.Through this directive property backlight and angle of visibility are enlarged film combinations, reduce and blur, can realize the high structure of utilization ratio of light.

Shown in Figure 39 B, θ a is defined as the ejaculation angle from backlight, and θ b is defined as the cone angle of light diffusion part 40.Total reflection takes place in the tapering in the light La that is incident to light diffusion part 40, recognizes side and penetrates from base material 39 surfaces to looking, but the bigger light Lb of incident angle, in the tapering total reflection does not take place and transmission can cause the loss of incident light.

Figure 39 C representes the ejaculation angle and the relation that becomes the cone angle of critical angle from backlight.Transparent resin refractive index n=1.4 usefulness double dot dash lines are represented, transparent resin refractive index n=1.5 usefulness dot-and-dash lines are represented, transparent resin refractive index n=1.6 usefulness solid lines are represented.

For example, be 30 ° light from the ejaculation angle of backlight, be transmission does not cause the loss of light with the cone shape total reflection under the situation of cone angle of 57 ° of less thaies at the light diffusion part 40 of transparent resin refractive index n=1.6.For do not lose ejaculation angle ± 30 ° with interior light with the cone shape total reflection, the cone angle of light diffusion part 40 is preferably more than 57 ° below 90 °.

Below, with reference to Fig. 5 A～Fig. 5 F, the manufacturing approach of the liquid crystal indicator 1 of said structure is described.

Below, stress that angle of visibility enlarges the manufacturing process of film 7.

Summary to the manufacturing process of liquid crystal display 6 describes in advance, at first, makes TFT substrate 9 and colored filter substrate 10 respectively.Afterwards, the face that is formed with TFT19 of TFT substrate 9 and the face that is formed with colored filter 31 of colored filter substrate 10 are disposed relatively, make TFT substrate 9 and colored filter substrate 10 bonding via seal member.Afterwards, in by TFT substrate 9, colored filter substrate 10, space that seal member surrounded, inject liquid crystal.Then,, use optical cement etc., bonding respectively first polarization plates 3, second polarization plates 5 on the two sides of the liquid crystal panel of processing like this 4.Through above operation, process liquid crystal display 6.

In addition, the manufacturing approach of TFT substrate 9 and colored filter substrate 10 is used present known method, therefore, omits explanation.

At first, shown in Fig. 5 A, the thickness of preparing the 10cm angle is the base material 39 of the Triafol T of 100 μ m, uses spin-coating method, the one side of this base material 39 apply contain carbon the black negative resist as the light shield layer material, what form thickness 150nm films 44.

Then, placed on the hot plate prebake of under 90 ℃ of temperature, filming in 39 years with forming above-mentioned 44 the base material of filming.Thus, make solvent evaporates in the black negative resist.

Then, use exposure device, shown in Fig. 5 B, to the 44 irradiates light E that film, make public via the photomask that is provided with a plurality of light-shielding patterns 47 45.At this moment, use exposure device, the mixing light of the g line of the i line of this exposure device use wavelength 365nm, the h line of wavelength 404nm, wavelength 436nm.Exposure is made as 100mJ/cm ²Under the situation of this embodiment, at subsequent processing, light shield layer 41 is carried out the exposure of transparent negative resist as mask, in order to form light diffusion part 40, make the position of peristome 46 of photomask 45 corresponding with the formation position of light diffusion part 40.A plurality of light-shielding patterns 47 are the wide band pattern of 10 μ m, are configured with 20 μ m spacings.

The spacing of light-shielding pattern 47 is preferably less than the interval (spacing) of the pixel of liquid crystal panel 4.Thus, in pixel, form a light diffusion part 40 at least, therefore,, can realize wide visual field angling fashionable with the little liquid crystal panel set of used pel spacing such as for example mobile device.

After making public with above-mentioned photomask 45, filming of being made up of the black negative resist 44 developed with special-purpose developer solution, 100 ℃ dry down, shown in Fig. 5 C, form the light shield layer 41 of a plurality of band shapes in the one side of base material 39.The peristome that adjacent light shield layer is 41 is corresponding with the formation zone of the light diffusion part 40 of subsequent processing.

In addition, in this embodiment, form light shield layer 41 through the photoetching process of using the black negative resist, if but replace this structure, use the light-shielding pattern 47 of this embodiment and the photomask of peristome 46 transposings, then also can use positive corrosion-resisting agent.Perhaps, also can use vapour deposition method or print process etc. directly form patterning light shield layer 41.

Then, the negative-type photosensitive resin material that mixes the multiple material that has non-intermiscibility is each other regulated.The negative-type photosensitive resin material is for forming the material of the structure that is separated from the liquid phase of mixing.For example, the negative-type photosensitive resin material uses and to be mixed with as the transparent negative resist that comprises acryl resin of first material with as the material of the transparent negative resist that comprises epoxy resin of second material.In addition, light diffusion part 40 may not be formed by two-layer, also can sneak into multiple material with non-intermiscibility, and being separated to construct by the multilayer more than three layers forms.

Then, shown in Fig. 5 D, use spin-coating method, coating negative-type photosensitive resin material on light shield layer 41, what form thickness 50 μ m films 48.Then, placed on the hot plate 48 the prebake of under 95 ℃ of temperature, filming in 39 years with forming above-mentioned 48 the base material of filming.Thus, in the evaporating solvent process, the negative-type photosensitive resin material is separated, be formed on a plurality of negative-type photosensitive resin layers that the normal direction of the one side of base material 39 separates (comprise acryl resin film 49 with comprise epoxy resin film 50).What like this, form the two-layer structure comprise different types of transparent negative resist films 49,50.For example, 49 the thickness of filming is 25 μ m degree, and 50 the thickness of filming is 25 μ m degree.

Then, shown in Fig. 5 E, light shield layer 41 as mask, from base material 39 side direction 49, the 50 irradiation diffusion light F that film, is made public.At this moment, use exposure device, this exposure device is with the mixing light of the g line of the h line of the i line of wavelength 365nm, wavelength 404nm, wavelength 436nm.Exposure is made as 500mJ/cm ²In exposure process, use directional light or diffusion light.In addition, as the directional light that will penetrate from exposure device as the unit of diffusion light F, at the diffuser plate of light path configuration mist degree 50 degree of the light that penetrates from exposure device to base material 39 irradiations.Through making public with diffusion light F, 49,50 peristomes from 41 of light shield layers of filming of two-layer structure are exposure radially, form the side of the back taper of light diffusion part 40.

Afterwards, the base material of accomplishing above-mentioned exposure process was placed on the

hot plate

49,50 the postexposure bake (PEB) of under 95 ℃ of temperature, filming in 39 years.

Then, use special-

purpose developer solution

49,50 to develop, under 100 ℃, carry out back baking, shown in Fig. 5 F, comprise a plurality of smooth diffusion part 40 of ground floor 42, the second layer 43 in the one side formation of base material 39 comprising filming of transparent negative resist.

Through above operation, the angle of visibility of processing this embodiment enlarges film 7.The full light transmittance that angle of visibility enlarges film 7 is preferably more than 90%.If full light transmittance is more than 90%, then can obtain the sufficient transparency, can give full play to angle of visibility and enlarge the desired optical property of film.

Full light transmittance is with reference to the regulation of JIS K7361-1.

In addition, in above-mentioned example, when forming light shield layer 41, applied aqueous resist, but replaced this structure, also can the resist of film like be attached to the one side of base material 39 with light diffusion part 40.

At last, as shown in Figure 2, with the angle of visibility processed enlarge film 7 via adhesive linkage 8 making base material 39 recognize side towards looking, make under light diffusion part 40 state relative with second polarization plates 5, be attached on the liquid crystal display 6.

Through above operation, processed the liquid crystal indicator 1 of this embodiment.

Material hypothesis as the light diffusion part uses a kind of transparent negative resist to make public, and then the side of light diffusion part has single angle of inclination.Relative therewith, in this embodiment, when forming light diffusion part 40, what form different types of two-layer structure that comprises transparent negative resist

films

49,50 and make public.In this case, the sensitization of the transparent negative resist behind exposure process part has single angle of inclination in two-layer.But because the photocuring characteristic of separately transparent negative resist is different, therefore, 49,50 the sensitization part of respectively filming is solidified into different shapes respectively.Its result, under the state of processing light diffusion part 40 after the development, the angle of inclination of the side 42c of ground floor 42 is different with the angle of inclination of the side 43c of the second layer 43.

According to this embodiment, shown in Fig. 4 A, be incident to light L0, L1, L2 that angle of visibility enlarges film 7, be to enlarge the state of expanding before the film 7 with angle distribution than being incident to angle of visibility, enlarge film 7 from angle of visibility and penetrate.Therefore, even observer's inclination sight line also can be observed good demonstration from the frontal (normal direction) of liquid crystal display 6.Especially, under the situation of this embodiment, light diffusion part 40 is the striated extension in the vertical direction of screen, thereby angle distribution is in horizontal direction (left and right directions) expansion of the screen of liquid crystal display 6.Therefore, the observer can observe good demonstration in the scope of the broadness of the left and right directions of screen.

On the other hand, the light L3 that enlarges film 7 oblique incidences with respect to angle of visibility be the light from liquid crystal panel 4 inclination transmissions, for the different light of delay of expectation, the promptly so-called light that becomes the main cause that makes the reduction of contrast of display degree.The angle of visibility of this embodiment enlarges film 7 and eliminates such light through light shield layer 41, therefore, can improve the contrast of display degree.In addition, enlarge film 7 from looking the outer light of recognizing side incident, therefore, can suppress outer scattering of light, improve sharpness in the demonstration in bright place owing to also eliminating through light shield layer 41 with respect to angle of visibility.

In this embodiment; Owing to use 49, the 50 formation light diffusion parts 40 of filming of the two-layer structure that comprises different types of transparent negative resist; Therefore, the photoetching process operation through once can form a plurality of smooth diffusion part 40 that side 40c has two kinds of tilt angle theta 1, θ 2 easily.Therefore, do not make the complicated angle of visibility that just can make the light diffusing ability that to bring into play expectation of manufacturing process enlarge film 7.

In addition, in the operation that forms light diffusion part 40, suppose to use photomask to make public, then form the alignment difficulties of base material 39 with the photomask of undersized light shield layer 41, can not avoid producing dislocation from 49,50 sides of filming that comprise transparent negative resist.Relative therewith, under the situation of this embodiment since with light shield layer 41 as the rear side irradiates light of mask from base material 39, therefore, light diffusion part 40 forms with the state of aiming at (autoregistration) in the position of the peristome of light shield layer 41 automatically.Its result, light diffusion part 40 becomes the state that connects airtight with light shield layer 41, between them, does not produce the gap, can keep contrast reliably.

[first variation of first embodiment]

Fig. 6 A is the stereographic map that the angle of visibility of this variation enlarges film 7A.Fig. 6 B is the sectional view that the angle of visibility of this variation enlarges film 7A.

In the above-mentioned embodiment; To comprise that a plurality of smooth diffusion part 40 of ground floor 42, the second layer 43 independently is formed at the one side of base material 39 respectively; But it is such that the angle of visibility shown in Fig. 6 A, Fig. 6 B enlarges film 7A, also can link at least a portion of a plurality of smooth diffusion part 40A that comprises ground floor 42A, second layer 43A.Be following structure in this variation, second layer 43A links in two adjacent light diffusion part 40A, and two ground floor 42A have a second layer 43A.

According to this structure, each light diffusion part 40A is difficult for falling down, and the morphological stability that angle of visibility enlarges film 7A improves.In addition, if second layer 43A links, the light that then is incident to angle of visibility expansion film 7A is diminished by the ratio that light shield layer 41 absorbs, and therefore, the utilization ratio of light improves.

[second variation of first embodiment]

Fig. 7 A is the sectional view that the angle of visibility of the above-mentioned embodiment of expression enlarges second variation of film.

In the above-mentioned embodiment; Ground floor 42 forms with the interface 40d of the second layer 43 and the light-incident end 40b and the light ejaculation end face 40a of light diffusion part 40 abreast; But it is such that the angle of visibility shown in Fig. 7 A enlarges film 7B, and the interface 40Bd of ground floor 42B and second layer 43B can be not form with light-incident end 40Bb and the light ejaculation end face 40Ba of light diffusion part 40B abreast yet.In addition, in this variation, the interface 40Bd of ground floor 42B and second layer 43B constitutes with the mode that comprises curved surface.In addition, in the above-mentioned embodiment, the refractive index of the refractive index of ground floor 42 and the second layer 43 is roughly the same, but in this variation, the refractive index of ground floor 42B is different with the refractive index of second layer 43B.

But; Shown in Fig. 7 B; Form abreast at the interface 140Bd of ground floor 142B and second layer 143B and light-incident end 140Bb and the light ejaculation end face 140Ba of light diffusion part 140B; And under the refractive index condition of different of ground floor 142B and second layer 143B, 140Bd does not reflect at the interface with respect to light L1, the L2 of the light-incident end 140Bb vertical incidence of light diffusion part 140B.On the other hand, with respect to the light-incident end 140Bb of light diffusion part 140B light L3 140Bd refraction at the interface with the angle incidents beyond 90 degree.

Relative therewith; Angle of visibility in this variation enlarges among the film 7B; Shown in Fig. 7 A; The interface 40Bd of ground floor 42B and second layer 43B does not penetrate end face 40Ba with the light-incident end 40Bb of light diffusion part 40B and light and forms abreast, and the refractive index of ground floor 42B is different with the refractive index of second layer 43B.Thus, with respect to light L1, L2 40Bd refraction of the light-incident end 40Bb vertical incidence of light diffusion part 40B at the interface.On the other hand, with respect to the light-incident end 40Bb of light diffusion part 40 also 40Bd refraction of light L3 at the interface with the angle incidents beyond 90 degree.

Like this; Under the situation of this variation; To penetrate end face 40Ba parallel because interface 40Bd does not close light with the light-incident end 40Bb of light diffusion part 40B, therefore, even at the light-incident end 40Bb of relative light diffusion part 40B; Under the situation of light vertical incidence, also can make anaclasis at the interface 40Bd of light diffusion part 40B.Thus; In the interface 40Bd of light diffusion part 40B refraction and be incident to the total reflection angle of side 40Bc of light of the side 40Bc of light diffusion part 40B,, the interface 140Bd at light diffusion part 140B is incident to the total reflection angle of side 140Bc of light of the side 140Bc of light diffusion part 140B greater than not reflecting.Therefore, can avoid concentrating on specific diffusion angle with respect to the diffusion angle of the light of the light-incident end 40Bb vertical incidence of light diffusion part 40B.Its result can make the light diffusion property of angle of visibility expansion film 7B milder, can obtain vivid demonstration at the angle of visibility of broadness.

[second embodiment]

Below, with reference to Fig. 8～Figure 10 F second embodiment of the present invention is described.

The basic structure of the liquid crystal indicator of this embodiment is identical with first embodiment, and the shape of the light diffusion part of angle of visibility expansion film is different with first embodiment.Therefore, in this embodiment, omit explanation, angle of visibility is enlarged film describe the basic structure of liquid crystal indicator.

Fig. 8 is the stereographic map of the liquid crystal indicator of this embodiment of expression.

Fig. 9 is the sectional view of the liquid crystal indicator of this embodiment of expression.

Figure 10 A～Figure 10 F representes that by the order of manufacturing process angle of visibility enlarges the sectional view of film.

In Fig. 8, Fig. 9, Figure 10 A～Figure 10 F, the textural element additional phase symbol together to common with the accompanying drawing that uses at first embodiment omits its detailed description.

In first embodiment, the width of a plurality of smooth diffusion parts 40 (size of short side direction) is certain.Relative therewith; The angle of visibility of this embodiment enlarges in the film 52; Like Fig. 8 and shown in Figure 9, the width of light shield layer 41 (size of short side direction) is certain, comprises that the width (size of short side direction) of a plurality of smooth diffusion part 53 of ground floor 54, the second layer 55 is different randomly.That is, the width of a plurality of smooth diffusion parts 53 not necessarily, with the width of a plurality of smooth diffusion parts 53 average mean breadth be 10 μ m.In addition, two angles of inclination of the side 53c of light diffusion part 53 are identical on a plurality of smooth diffusion parts 53, and are identical with first embodiment.Other structure is also identical with first embodiment.

Angle of visibility at this embodiment enlarges in the manufacturing process of film 52, and shown in Figure 10 B, the photomask 56 that when forming light shield layer 41, uses has width certain peristome 57 light-shielding pattern 58 different at random with width.When this photomask 56 of design, can use following method.At first, with the certain peristome 57 of certain spacing configuration width.Then, use random function, remain on the fluctuation up and down of reference position data of each peristome 57 of the central point etc. of peristome 57 for example, at random through the position that makes peristome 57, can access the different at random a plurality of light-shielding patterns 58 of width.The manufacturing process itself that angle of visibility enlarges film 52 is identical with first embodiment.

In the liquid crystal indicator 51 of this embodiment, also can access the effect identical with first embodiment; That is, do not make the complicated angle of visibility that just can make the light diffusing ability that on the horizontal direction (left and right directions) of screen, can bring into play expectation especially of manufacturing process enlarge film.

Usually, have under striped and the grid isotactic situation that then pattern of property overlaps each other making, be known that the cycle of departing from each pattern a little, then will observe interference fringe pattern (Moire fringe).As first embodiment; If making the angle of visibility of arranging a plurality of smooth diffusion parts with certain spacing enlarge film overlaps with the liquid crystal panel of arranging a plurality of pixels with certain spacing; Then between the periodic pattern of the light diffusion part that enlarges film according to angle of visibility and periodic pattern, produce Moire fringe, may reduce display quality according to the pixel of liquid crystal panel.Relative therewith, according to the liquid crystal indicator 51 of this embodiment because the width of a plurality of smooth diffusion parts 53 is at random, therefore, and the pixel of liquid crystal panel 4 regularly arranged between can not produce by the Moire fringe due to interfering, can keep display quality.

[first variation of second embodiment]

Figure 11 A is the stereographic map that the angle of visibility of the above-mentioned embodiment of expression enlarges first variation of film.Figure 11 B is the sectional view that the expression angle of visibility enlarges first variation of film.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, the width of light shield layer 41 is made as necessarily, but that the angle of visibility shown in Figure 11 A, Figure 11 B enlarges film 52A is such, not only can sets the width of light diffusion part 53A at random, can also set the width of light shield layer 41A at random.

In this structure, Moire fringe and keep the effect of display quality also can be inhibited.

Wherein, identical at the angle of inclination of the side of a plurality of smooth diffusion part 53A, and under the width of light shield layer 41 situation at random, be incident to angle of visibility and enlarge the ratio that the light of film 52A absorbed by light shield layer 41A and become big, the utilization ratio of light possibly reduce a little.

From this viewpoint, the width of light shield layer is preferably necessarily.

[the 3rd embodiment]

Below, with reference to Figure 12～Figure 15 F the 3rd embodiment of the present invention is described.

The basic structure of the liquid crystal indicator of this embodiment is identical with first, second embodiment, and the shape of the light diffusion part of angle of visibility expansion film is different with first, second embodiment.Therefore, in this embodiment, omit explanation, angle of visibility is enlarged film describe the basic structure of liquid crystal indicator.

Figure 12 is the stereographic map of the liquid crystal indicator of this embodiment of expression.

Figure 13 is the sectional view of liquid crystal indicator.

Figure 14 A, Figure 14 B are used for explaining that angle of visibility enlarges the figure of the effect of film.

Figure 15 A～Figure 15 F representes that by manufacturing process's order the angle of visibility of this embodiment enlarges the sectional view of film.

In addition, in Figure 12, Figure 13, Figure 14 A, Figure 14 B, Figure 15 A～Figure 15 F, textural element additional phase together the symbol common with the accompanying drawing that uses at first, second embodiment omits its detailed description.

In first, second embodiment, a plurality of smooth diffusion parts are banded with the mode of extending to the y direction of principal axis and form.Relative therewith, the angle of visibility of this embodiment enlarges in the film 62, and like Figure 12 and shown in Figure 13, the horizontal section when using the face parallel with the one side of base material 39 (xy plane) to be cut off by the light diffusion part 63 that ground floor 64, the second layer 65 constitute is circular.In addition, becoming light, to penetrate the area of horizontal section of base material 39 sides of end face 63a little, along with the area away from base material 39 horizontal sections becomes big gradually.That is, each light diffusion part 63 is shaped as the approximate circle frustum.

A plurality of smooth diffusion parts 63 disperse and are disposed at regularly on the base material 39.In a plurality of smooth diffusion parts 63, each row light diffusion part 63 of for example arranging at the y direction of principal axis disposes with a determining deviation, and each row light diffusion part 63 of arranging at the x direction of principal axis disposes with a determining deviation.In addition, the light diffusion part 63 of the set row of arranging at the y direction of principal axis and with respect to this light diffusion part 63 that is listed in the adjacent row of x direction of principal axis is disposed at the position of staggering with 1/2 spacing respectively at the y direction of principal axis.The diameter that the light of light diffusion part 63 penetrates end face 63a for example is 20 μ m, and the spacing that the adjacent light diffusion part is 63 for example is 25 μ m.Through on base material 39, disperseing to form a plurality of smooth diffusion parts 63, the light shield layer 66 of this embodiment forms on base material 39 continuously.

In addition; About each light diffusion part 63 is that the angle of inclination of side 65c of angle of inclination and the second layer 65 of side 64c of aspect and ground floor 64 of two-layer structure that comprises ground floor 64 and the second layer 65 of different types of transparent negative resist all is preferably the aspect below 90 ° more than 60 °; And the relation at these two angles of inclination, identical with first embodiment.

Structure beyond the light diffusion part 63 is identical with first embodiment.

Under the situation of this embodiment, shown in Figure 14 A, the cross sectional shape on the xz plane of light diffusion part 63 is identical with the light diffusion part 40 of first embodiment (with reference to Fig. 4 A).Therefore, in the xz plane, the effect of the angle distribution of angle of visibility expansion film 62 expansion light is also identical with first embodiment.But, from the frontal (z direction of principal axis) of the screen of liquid crystal indicator 61, with the light diffusion part 40 of first embodiment to be shaped as wire relative, shown in Figure 14 B, the light diffusion part 63 of this embodiment be shaped as circle.Therefore, the light L of 68c total reflection spreads towards 360 all orientation of degree in the side of light diffusion part 63.Therefore, enlarge film 62 according to the angle of visibility of this embodiment, the observer not only in the horizontal direction like the screen of first, second embodiment, can both observe good demonstration from all orientation of relative screen.

Angle of visibility at this embodiment enlarges in the manufacturing process of film 62, shown in Figure 15 B, and the light-shielding pattern 68 that the photomask 67 that when forming light shield layer 66, uses has a plurality of circles.The manufacturing process itself that angle of visibility enlarges film 62 is identical with first embodiment.

In the liquid crystal indicator 61 of this embodiment, also can obtain the effect identical with first, second embodiment, that is, do not make the complicated angle of visibility that just can make the light diffusing ability that can bring into play expectation of manufacturing process enlarge film.

[first variation of the 3rd embodiment]

In the above-mentioned embodiment, shown in Figure 16 A, represented the example of flat shape, but for example shown in Figure 16 B, also can use flat shape is hexagonal smooth diffusion part 63e for circular light diffusion part 63.Perhaps, shown in Figure 16 C, also can use flat shape is rectangular smooth diffusion part 63f.Perhaps, shown in Figure 16 D, also can use flat shape is foursquare smooth diffusion part 63g.Perhaps, shown in Figure 16 E, also can use flat shape is octagonal smooth diffusion part 63h.Perhaps, shown in Figure 16 F, the both sides that also can use rectangular subtend are the light diffusion part 63i of crooked shape laterally.Perhaps, shown in Figure 16 G, also can use flat shape is oval-shaped smooth diffusion part 63j.

For example, if the OBL smooth diffusion part 63f shown in Figure 17 A, then become stronger than diffusion perpendicular to the light L5 of short side direction perpendicular to the diffusion of the light L4 of long side direction.Therefore, the length according to the limit can be implemented in vertical direction (above-below direction) the angle of visibility expansion film different with the diffusion strength of horizontal direction (left and right directions) light.

If the light diffusion part 63h of the octagonal shape shown in Figure 17 B then can make light L diffusion in vertical direction, horizontal direction, the inclination 45 degree direction concentrated areas that particularly the angle of visibility characteristic is much accounted of in liquid crystal indicator.

Like this, requiring to access different light diffusion properties through the shape that suitably changes the light diffusion part under the anisotropic situation of angle of visibility.

In addition, the angle of visibility of this variation expansion film also can have a plurality of smooth diffusion part that flat shape differs from one another.For example, angle of visibility expansion film also can constitute with two kinds the mode that has among

light diffusion part

63,63e, 63f, 63g, 63h, 63i and the 63j at least.

[second variation of the 3rd embodiment]

Figure 18 A is the stereographic map that the angle of visibility of this variation enlarges film 62A.Figure 18 B is the sectional view that the angle of visibility of this variation enlarges film 62A.

In the above-mentioned embodiment; To comprise that a plurality of smooth diffusion part 63 of ground floor 64, the second layer 65 independently is formed at the one side of base material 39 respectively; But it is such that the angle of visibility shown in Figure 18 A, Figure 18 B enlarges film 62A, comprises that a plurality of smooth diffusion part 63A of ground floor 64A, second layer 65A also can be attached at least a portion.Be following structure in this variation, second layer 65A links in two adjacent light diffusion part 63A, and two ground floor 64A have a second layer 65A.

According to this structure, each light diffusion part 63A is difficult for falling down, and the morphological stability that angle of visibility enlarges film 62A improves.In addition, if second layer 65A links, the light that then is incident to angle of visibility expansion film 62A is diminished by the ratio that light shield layer 66A absorbs, and therefore, the utilization ratio of light improves.

[the 4th embodiment]

Below, with reference to Figure 19～Figure 20 F the 4th embodiment of the present invention is described.

The basic structure of the liquid crystal indicator of this embodiment is identical with the 3rd embodiment, and the configuration of the light diffusion part of angle of visibility expansion film is different with the 3rd embodiment.Therefore, in this embodiment, omit explanation, angle of visibility is enlarged film describe the basic structure of liquid crystal indicator.

Figure 19 is the stereographic map of the liquid crystal indicator of this embodiment of expression.

Figure 20 A～Figure 20 F representes that by manufacturing process's order the angle of visibility of this embodiment enlarges the sectional view of film.

In addition, in Figure 19, Figure 20 A～Figure 20 F, textural element additional phase together the symbol common with the accompanying drawing that uses at first～the 3rd embodiment omits its detailed description.

In the 3rd embodiment, dispose a plurality of smooth diffusion parts 63 regularly.Relative therewith, in the angle of visibility expansion film 62B of this embodiment, shown in figure 19, (ground non-periodic) disposes a plurality of smooth diffusion parts 63 at random.Therefore, though the spacing of 63 of adjacent light diffusion parts not necessarily, the average average headway of spacing of 63 of adjacent light diffusion parts is set at for example 25 μ m.Other structure is identical with the 3rd embodiment.

Angle of visibility at this embodiment enlarges in the manufacturing process of film 62B, shown in Figure 20 B, and the light-shielding pattern 68 that the photomask 67B that when forming light shield layer 66B, uses has a plurality of circles of random arrangement.When this photomask of design 67B, can enumerate following method.At first, dispose light-shielding pattern 68 regularly with certain spacing.Then; Use random function; Remain on the fluctuation up and down of reference position data of each light-shielding pattern 68 of the central point etc. of light-shielding pattern 68 for example, at random through the position that makes light-shielding pattern 68, can make the photomask 67B of a plurality of light-shielding patterns 68 with random arrangement.Manufacturing process itself and first～the 3rd embodiment that angle of visibility enlarges film 62B is identical.

In the liquid crystal indicator 61B of this embodiment, also can access and the identical effect of first～the 3rd embodiment, that is, not make the complicated comprehensive angle of visibility of bringing into play the light diffusing ability of expectation that just can be manufactured on screen of manufacturing process enlarge film 62B.In addition, through random arrangement light diffusion part 63, and the pixel of liquid crystal panel 4 regularly arranged between can not produce by the Moire fringe due to interfering, can keep display quality.

[the 5th embodiment]

Below, with reference to Figure 21～Figure 23 F the 5th embodiment of the present invention is described.

The basic structure of the liquid crystal indicator of this embodiment and the 3rd, the 4th embodiment are identical, and it is different that angle of visibility enlarges structure and the 3rd, the 4th embodiment of light diffusion part of film.Therefore, in this embodiment, omit explanation, angle of visibility is enlarged film describe the basic structure of liquid crystal indicator.

Figure 21 is the stereographic map of the liquid crystal indicator of this embodiment of expression.

Figure 22 A, Figure 22 B are used for explaining that angle of visibility enlarges the figure of the effect of film.

Figure 23 A～Figure 23 F representes that by manufacturing process's order the angle of visibility of this embodiment enlarges the sectional view of film.

In addition, in Figure 21, Figure 22 A, Figure 22 B, Figure 23 A～Figure 23 F, textural element additional phase together the symbol common with the accompanying drawing that uses at the 3rd, the 4th embodiment omits its detailed description.

In the 3rd, the 4th embodiment, a plurality of smooth diffusion parts 63 all are same size.Relative therewith, the angle of visibility of this embodiment enlarges among the film 62C, and is shown in figure 21, the size of a plurality of smooth diffusion part 63C (diameter) difference.For example, the diameter of a plurality of smooth diffusion part 63C distributes in the scope of 5 μ m～30 μ m.That is, a plurality of smooth diffusion part 63C have multiple size.In addition, a plurality of smooth diffusion part 63C are identical with the 4th embodiment, see random arrangement from the plane.Other structure is identical with the 4th embodiment.

Under the situation of this embodiment, shown in Figure 22 A, the cross sectional shape on the xy plane of light diffusion part 63C is the identical circle of light diffusion part 63 (with reference to Figure 22 B) with the 4th embodiment.Therefore, in the xz plane, the effect of the angle distribution of angle of visibility expansion film 62C expansion light is also identical with the 4th embodiment.But, with a plurality of smooth diffusion parts 63 in the 4th embodiment all be that same size is relative, shown in Figure 22 A, the size of a plurality of smooth diffusion part 63C is different in this embodiment.Shown in Figure 22 B, if the light diffusion part 63 of random arrangement definite shape, then a plurality of smooth diffusion parts 63 form the part of line spread.Relative therewith, shown in Figure 22 A, the light diffusion part 63C of the shape different as if the random arrangement size, the ratio of then a plurality of smooth diffusion part 63C line spread diminishes.That is to say that be of a size of multiplely through establishing a plurality of smooth diffusion parts, or random variation is filled up with the light diffusion part of the little circle of diameter between the light diffusion part of the circle that for example diameter is big, can improve the configuration density of light diffusion part.Its result, by light shield layer cover the ratio of light diminish, can improve the utilization ratio of light.

The manufacturing process that the angle of visibility of this embodiment enlarges film 62C is also identical with the 3rd embodiment; But shown in Figure 22 B, the photomask 67C that when forming light shield layer 66C, uses has on this one side of the different a plurality of patterns of openings 68C of size different with the 4th embodiment.

In the liquid crystal indicator 61C of this embodiment, also can obtain and the identical effect of first～the 3rd embodiment, that is, do not make the complicated comprehensive angle of visibility of bringing into play the light diffusing ability of expectation that just can be manufactured on screen of manufacturing process enlarge film 62C.In addition, except a plurality of smooth diffusion part 63C random arrangement, the size of light diffusion part 63C is also different, therefore, can suppress more reliably by the Moire fringe due to the optical diffraction phenomenon.

[the 6th embodiment]

Below, with reference to Figure 24～Figure 26 E the 6th embodiment of the present invention is described.

The basic structure of the liquid crystal indicator of this embodiment is identical with the 3rd embodiment; The light diffusion part of angle of visibility expansion film is different with the 3rd embodiment with the structure of light shield layer; Therefore; In this embodiment, omit explanation, angle of visibility is enlarged film describe the basic structure of liquid crystal indicator.

Figure 24 is the stereographic map of the liquid crystal indicator of this embodiment of expression.

Figure 25 A, Figure 25 B are used for explaining that angle of visibility enlarges the figure of the effect of film.

Figure 26 A～Figure 26 E representes that by manufacturing process's order the angle of visibility of this embodiment enlarges the sectional view of film.

In addition, in Figure 24, Figure 25 A, Figure 25 B, Figure 26 A～Figure 26 E, textural element additional phase together the symbol common with the accompanying drawing that uses at the 3rd embodiment omits its detailed description.

In the 3rd embodiment, possess: a plurality of smooth diffusion part 63 that is formed at the one side of base material 39; With the light shield layer 66 that is formed at the zone beyond the formation zone of a glazing diffusion part 63 of base material 39; Normal direction from the one side of base material 39; A plurality of smooth diffusion part 63 decentralized configuration, light shield layer 66 zone beyond the formation zone of light diffusion part 63 forms continuously.Relative therewith, the angle of visibility of this embodiment enlarges film 72 to be possessed: a plurality of light shield layers 76 that are formed at the one side of base material 39; Light diffusion part 73 with zone in addition, the formation zone that is formed at light shield layer 76 on the one side of base material 39; Normal direction from the one side of base material 39; A plurality of light shield layer 76 decentralized configuration, light diffusion part 73 zone beyond the formation zone of light shield layer 76 forms continuously.

A plurality of light shield layers 76 disperse and are disposed at equably on the base material 39.In a plurality of light shield layers 76, each row light shield layer 76 of for example arranging at the y direction of principal axis disposes with a determining deviation, and each row light shield layer 76 of arranging at the x direction of principal axis disposes with a determining deviation.The light shield layer 76 of the set row of arranging at the y direction of principal axis in addition, and be disposed at the position of staggering with 1/2 spacing respectively at the light shield layer 76 of the adjacent row of x direction of principal axis relatively at the y direction of principal axis with its row.

In this embodiment, the flat shape during from each light shield layer 76 of normal direction of base material 39 is circular.The diameter of each light shield layer 76 is for example 10 μ m, and the spacing that adjacent light shield layer is 76 is for example 20 μ m.Through on base material 39, disperseing to form a plurality of light shield layers 76, the light diffusion part 73 of this embodiment forms on base material 39 continuously.

The formation zone that enlarges the light shield layer 76 of film 72 at angle of visibility is formed with hollow bulb 77, being shaped as of this hollow bulb: the sectional area when being cut off by the plane parallel with the one side of base material 39 is bigger in light shield layer 76 sides, along with reducing gradually away from light shield layer 76.That is, when base material 39 was looked sideways, hollow bulb 77 had the shape of the approximate circle frustum of so-called positive taper.There is air in inside at hollow bulb 77.Angle of visibility enlarges hollow bulb 77 part in addition of film 72, and promptly the part of light diffusion part 73 continued presences is the part that helps optical transmission.The light that is incident to light diffusion part 73 simultaneously, carries out leaded light with the approximate light diffusion part 73 inner states that are closed in, and penetrates outside via base material 39 in the interface total reflection of this light diffusion part 73 with hollow bulb 77.

Under the situation of this embodiment, because there is air in hollow bulb 77, therefore, suppose to form light diffusion part 73 with for example transparent resin, then the side 73c of light diffusion part 73 becomes the interface of transparent resin and air.At this, for the inside of light diffusion part 73 refringence with outside interface, hollow bulb 77 by under the situation of fills with air than big under the situation of filling by other general low-index material around the light diffusion part 73.Therefore, according to Snell's law, the 73c in the side of light diffusion part 73, the ranges of incidence angles of light generation total reflection is wider.Its result can further suppress the loss of light, obtains higher brightness.

In addition, in hollow bulb 77, replace air, also can fill inert gases such as nitrogen.Perhaps, the inside of hollow bulb 77 also can be vacuum state.

In addition; About each light diffusion part 73 is that the angle of inclination of side 75c of angle of inclination and the second layer 75 of side 74c of aspect and ground floor 74 of two-layer structure that comprises ground floor 74 and the second layer 75 of different types of transparent negative resist all is preferably the aspect below 90 ° more than 60 °; And the relation at these two angles of inclination, identical with the 3rd embodiment.

Light shield layer 76 is identical with the 3rd embodiment with light diffusion part 73 structure in addition.

Under the situation of this embodiment; Shown in Figure 25 A; Near light L1 with respect to the incident of light-incident end 73b approximate vertical among the light that penetrates and be incident to angle of visibility expansion film 72 from liquid crystal panel 4, the center of light diffusion part 73; Total reflection does not take place in 73c in the side of light diffusion part 73, from light diffusion part 73 straight ahead and transmission same as before.In addition, at the light L2 with respect to the incident of light-incident end 73b approximate vertical of the periphery of light diffusion part 73, owing to be incident to the side 73c of light diffusion part 73 with the incident angle bigger than critical angle, therefore, total reflection takes place in 73c in the side of light diffusion part 73.Afterwards, the light of total reflection takes place, further reflect at the light ejaculation end face 73a of light diffusion part 73, the normal direction that penetrates end face 73a with respect to light penetrates along the direction that becomes big angle.On the other hand, with respect to the light L3 of the light-incident end 73b oblique incidence of light diffusion part 73, owing to be incident to the side 73c of light diffusion part 73 with the incident angle littler than critical angle, therefore, the side 73c transmission from light diffusion part 73 is absorbed at light shielding part 76.

According to above effect, shown in Figure 25 B,, be to enlarge the state of expanding before the film 72 than being incident to angle of visibility with angle distribution with respect to light L1, the L2 of angle of visibility expansion film 72 approximate vertical incidents, enlarge film 72 ejaculations from angle of visibility.Therefore, even the observer also can observe good demonstration from frontal (normal direction) the inclination sight line of liquid crystal panel 4.Especially, under the situation of this embodiment, because the flat shape of the side 73c (reflecting surface) of light diffusion part 73 is circular, therefore, angle distribution is all the orientation expansions of middle mind-set with the normal direction of the screen of liquid crystal panel 4.Therefore, the observer can observe good demonstration in all orientation.That is, through using this angle of visibility to enlarge the angle of visibility that film 72 can enlarge liquid crystal panel 4.On the other hand, the light L3 that the relative visual field angle enlarges film 72 oblique incidences be the light from liquid crystal panel 4 inclination transmissions, for the different light of delay of expectation, the promptly so-called light that becomes the main cause that makes the reduction of contrast of display degree.The angle of visibility of this embodiment enlarges film 72 through eliminating such light with light shield layer 76, can improve the contrast of display degree.

Below, with reference to Figure 26 A～Figure 26 E the manufacturing approach of the liquid crystal indicator 71 of said structure is described.

Below, stress that angle of visibility enlarges the manufacturing process of film 72.

At first, shown in Figure 26 A, the thickness of preparing the 10cm angle is the base material 39 of the Triafol T of 100 μ m, uses spin-coating method, applies the black negative resist that contains carbon as the light shield layer material in the one side of this base material 39, and what form thickness 150nm films 44.

Then, placed on the hot plate prebake of under 90 ℃ of temperature, filming in 39 years with forming above-mentioned 44 the base material of filming.Thus, the solvent in the black negative resist is brought into play.

Then, use exposure device, via be formed with flat shape for the photomask 78 of circular a plurality of patterns of openings 79 to filming 44 irradiates light E, make public.At this moment, use exposure device, this exposure device is with the mixing light of the g line of the h line of the i line of wavelength 365nrn, wavelength 404nm, wavelength 436nm.Exposure is made as 100mJ/cm ²

After making public with above-mentioned photomask 78,44 develop to comprising filming of black negative resist with special-purpose developer solution, 100 ℃ dry down, shown in Figure 26 B, form a plurality of light shield layers 76 that flat shape be a circle in the one side of base material 39.Under the situation of this embodiment, at subsequent processing, will comprise that the light shield layer 76 of black negative resist carries out the exposure of transparent negative resist as mask, form hollow bulb 77.Therefore, the position of the patterns of openings 79 of photomask 78 is corresponding with the formation position of hollow bulb 77.

Circular light shield layer 76 is corresponding with the non-formation zone (hollow bulb 77) of the light diffusion part 73 of subsequent processing.A plurality of patterns of openings 79 all are the circular pattern of diameter 10 μ m, and the interval that the adjacent apertures pattern is 79 (spacing) is for example 20 μ m.The spacing of patterns of openings 79 is preferably little than the interval (spacing, for example 150 μ m) of the pixel of liquid crystal panel 4.Thus, in pixel, form a light shield layer 76 at least, therefore,, can realize wide visual field angling fashionable with the little liquid crystal panel set of used pel spacing such as for example mobile device.

In addition; In this embodiment, form light shield layer 76 through the photoetching process of using the black negative resist, if but replace this structure; Use the patterns of openings 79 of this embodiment and the photomask of light-shielding pattern transposing, then also can use positive corrosion-resisting agent with light absorption.Perhaps, also can use vapour deposition method or print process, ink-jet method etc. directly to form the light shield layer 76 that pattern forms.

Then, the negative-type photosensitive resin material that mixes the multiple material that has non-intermiscibility is each other regulated.The negative-type photosensitive resin material is for forming the material of the structure that is separated from the liquid phase of mixing.For example, the negative-type photosensitive resin material use to mix as the transparent negative resist that comprises acryl resin of first material with as the material of the transparent negative resist that comprises epoxy resin of second material.

Then, shown in Figure 26 C, use spin-coating method, coating negative-type photosensitive resin material on light shield layer 76, what form thickness 50 μ m films 48.Then, placed on the hot plate 48 the prebake of under 95 ℃ of temperature, filming in 39 years with forming above-mentioned 48 the base material of filming.Thus, in the evaporating solvent process, the negative-type photosensitive resin material is separated, be formed on a plurality of negative-type photosensitive resin layers that the normal direction of the one side of base material 39 separates (comprise acryl resin film 49 with comprise epoxy resin film 50).What like this, form the two-layer structure comprise different types of transparent negative resist films 49,50.For example, 49 the thickness of filming is 25 μ m degree, and 50 the thickness of filming is 25 μ rn degree.

Then, shown in Figure 26 D, light shield layer 76 as mask, from base material 39 side direction 49, the 50 irradiation diffusion light F that film, is made public.At this moment, use exposure device, this exposure device is with the mixing light of the g line of the h line of the i line of wavelength 365nm, wavelength 404nm, wavelength 436nm.Exposure is made as 500mJ/cm ²In the exposure process, use directional light or diffusion light.In addition, as the directional light that will penetrate from exposure device as the unit of diffusion light F, at the diffuser plate of light path configuration mist degree 50 degree of the light that penetrates from exposure device to base material 39 irradiations.Through making public with diffusion light F, two-

layer structure film

49,50 with form from light shield layer 76 non-the zone laterally the mode of expansion be radial exposure.Thus, form the hollow bulb 77 of positive taper, form the side of back taper in the part of facing with the hollow bulb 77 of light diffusion part 73.

Afterwards, the base material of accomplishing above-mentioned exposure process was placed on the hot plate baking (PEB) after 49,50 the exposure of under 95 ℃ of temperature, filming in 39 years.

Then, use special-purpose developer solution that filming of being made up of transparent negative resist 49,50 developed, under 100 ℃, carry out back baking, shown in Figure 26 E, comprise the light diffusion part 73 of ground floor 74, the second layer 74 in the one side formation of base material 39.

Through above operation, the angle of visibility of processing this embodiment enlarges film 72.The full light transmittance of angle of visibility expansion film 72 is preferred more than 90%.If full light transmittance is more than 90%, then can obtain the sufficient transparency, can give full play to angle of visibility and enlarge film 72 desired optical properties.Full light transmittance is with reference to the regulation of JISK7361-1.

In addition, in above-mentioned example, when forming light shield layer 76, applied aqueous resist, but replaced this structure, also can the resist of film like be attached to the one side of base material 39 with light diffusion part 73.

At last, shown in figure 24, with the angle of visibility processed enlarge film 72 via adhesive linkage making base material 39 recognize side towards looking, make under light diffusion part 73 state relative with second polarization plates 5, be attached on the liquid crystal display 6.

Through above operation, processed the liquid crystal indicator 71 of this embodiment.

In the liquid crystal indicator 71 of this embodiment, also can obtain the effect identical, that is, not make the complicated angle of visibility that just can make the light diffusing ability that to bring into play expectation of manufacturing process enlarge film with the 3rd embodiment.

In addition, according to this structure, a plurality of hollow bulbs 77 that are arranged at angle of visibility expansion film 72 are isolated, and the part that becomes light diffusion part 73 is continuous shape in face.Thus, in order to improve the for example degree of the diffusion of light, even improve the density of hollow bulb 77 and reduce the volume of light diffusion part 73, also can fully guarantee the contact area of light diffusion part 73 and base material 39, therefore, light diffusion part 73 is strong in the bonding force of base material 39.Therefore, the breakage by the light diffusion part 73 due to the external force etc. be difficult for taking place, can realize the light diffusion function of expecting.

In addition and since with light shield layer 76 as mask from the rear side of base material 39 to transparent resin layer irradiates light F, therefore, light diffusion part 73 is aimed at the state of (autoregistration) automatically and is formed to form the zone light shield layer 76 non-.Its result, light diffusion part 73 can not overlap with light shield layer 76, can keep light transmission reliably.In addition, owing to do not need accurate aligning operation, therefore, can shorten and make the needed time.

In addition, according to this structure, because the volume of each hollow bulb 77 is identical, therefore, the given volume of the resin that when transparent resin layer is developed, is removed.Therefore, in each hollow bulb 77 formed operation, the developing powder of each hollow bulb 77 is certain, can form the cone shape of expectation.Its result, the homogeneity that angle of visibility enlarges the fine shape of film 72 uprises, and output improves.

In addition, in this embodiment, shown in Figure 27 A, having represented the example of flat shape for circular light shield layer 76, but for example shown in Figure 27 B, also can be that to use flat shape be foursquare light shield layer 76b.Perhaps, shown in Figure 27 C, also can use the light shield layer 76c of flat shape as octagon.Perhaps, shown in Figure 27 D, the both sides that also can use foursquare subtend are the light shield layer 76d of crooked shape laterally.Perhaps, shown in Figure 27 E, also can use the light shield layer 76e of the bidirectional crossed shape of two rectangle quadratures.Perhaps, shown in Figure 27 F, also can use the light shield layer 76f of elongated elliptical shape.Perhaps, shown in Figure 27 G, also can use elongated OBL light shield layer 76g.Perhaps, shown in Figure 27 H, also can use the light shield layer 76h of elongated octagonal shape.Perhaps, shown in Figure 27 I, the both sides that also can use elongated rectangular subtend are the light shield layer 76i of crooked shape laterally.Perhaps, shown in Figure 27 J, also can use the light shield layer 76j of the different bidirectional crossed shape that makes two rectangle quadratures of aspect ratio.

Because the flat shape of the light shield layer 76 of this embodiment is the circle shown in Figure 27 A, therefore, the side 44c of light diffusion part 73, promptly the cross sectional shape of reflecting surface also is circular.Therefore, the light of 44c reflection spreads to 360 degree, all orientation in the side of light diffusion part 73.Relative therewith, if the light shield layer 76b of the square shape shown in Figure 27 B for example, then light is to the direction diffusion vertical with each limit of square.In addition, if the OBL light shield layer 76g shown in Figure 27 G, then become stronger than diffusion to the light of the direction vertical with minor face to the diffusion of the light of the direction vertical with long limit.Therefore, can be implemented in the different light diffusing sheet of intensity of the vertical direction (above-below direction) and the diffusion of horizontal direction (left and right directions) light according to the length on limit.In addition, if the light shield layer 76c of the octagonal shape shown in Figure 27 C then can make the light diffusion in vertical direction, horizontal direction, the inclination 45 degree direction concentrated areas that particularly the angle of visibility characteristic is much accounted of in liquid crystal indicator.Like this, requiring to access different light diffusion properties through the shape that suitably changes light shielding part under the anisotropic situation of angle of visibility.

In addition, the angle of visibility of this embodiment expansion film also can have a plurality of smooth light shield layer that flat shape differs from one another.For example, angle of visibility expansion film also can constitute with two kinds the mode that has among

light shield layer

63,76b, 76c, 76d, 76e, 76f, 76g, 76h, 76i and the 76j at least.

[first variation of the 6th embodiment]

Figure 28 A is the stereographic map that the angle of visibility of this variation enlarges film 72A.Figure 28 B is the sectional view that the angle of visibility of this variation enlarges film 72A.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, a plurality of light shield layers 76 independently are formed at the one side of base material 39 respectively, but that the angle of visibility shown in Figure 28 A, Figure 28 B enlarges film 72A is such, a plurality of light shield layer 76A also can link at least a portion.Be following structure in this variation, adjacent two light shield layer 76A link, and the part of the hollow bulb 77A that forms in the formation zone of the light shield layer 76A that has linked also connects.In addition, shown in Figure 28 B, hollow bulb 77A also can be stopped up by light diffusion part 73A (linking portion of second layer 75A).

In this structure, owing to also can fully guarantee the contact area of light diffusion part 73A and base material 39, therefore, the bonding force of light diffusion part 73A and base material 39 is strong.In addition, if second layer 75A links, the light that then is incident to angle of visibility expansion film 72A is diminished by the ratio that light shield layer 76 absorbs, and therefore, the utilization ratio of light improves.

[the 7th embodiment]

Below, with reference to Figure 29～Figure 30 E the 7th embodiment of the present invention is described.

The basic structure of the liquid crystal indicator of this embodiment is identical with the 6th embodiment, and the configuration of the light shield layer of angle of visibility expansion film is different with the 6th embodiment.Therefore, in this embodiment, omit explanation, angle of visibility is enlarged film describe the basic structure of liquid crystal indicator.

Figure 29 is the stereographic map of the liquid crystal indicator of this embodiment of expression.

Figure 30 A～Figure 30 E representes that by manufacturing process's order the angle of visibility of this embodiment enlarges the sectional view of film.

In addition, in Figure 29, Figure 30 A～Figure 30 E, textural element additional phase together the symbol common with the accompanying drawing that uses at the 6th embodiment omits its detailed description.

In the 6th embodiment, dispose flat shape regularly and be circular a plurality of light shield layers 76.Relative therewith, shown in figure 29 in the angle of visibility expansion film 72B of this embodiment, it is circular a plurality of light shield layers 76 (ground non-periodic) that random arrangement has flat shape.Follow this, be formed at a plurality of hollow bulbs 77 of a plurality of light shield layer 76 same positions also random arrangement on base material 39.Other structure is identical with the 6th embodiment.

The angle of visibility of this embodiment enlarges the manufacturing process of film 72B, and is shown in Figure 30 A～Figure 30 E, identical with the 6th embodiment.But, different with the photomask 78B of the exposure process use of black negative resist with the photomask 78 that uses at the 6th embodiment in the formation of the light shielding part shown in Figure 30 A.Shown in Figure 30 A, it is circular a plurality of patterns of openings 79 that the photomask 78B random arrangement of this embodiment has flat shape.Via the film 44 irradiates light Ls of this photomask 78B,, shown in Figure 30 B, form a plurality of light shield layers 76 of random arrangement on the base material 39 through developing to the black negative resist.

Enlarge among the film 72B at the angle of visibility of this embodiment, also can obtain the effect identical, that is, be difficult for producing defective by the light diffusion part 73B due to the external force etc. with the 6th embodiment; The reduction that can not produce light transmission just can be kept the light diffusion function of expectation; Do not need accurate aligning operation, just can shorten the time that manufacturing needs.

In addition, according to this structure because a plurality of light shield layer 76 is seen random arrangement from the plane, therefore, and the pixel of liquid crystal panel 4 regularly arranged between can not produce by the Moire fringe due to interfering, can keep display quality.

In addition, under the situation of this embodiment, even the configuration of seeing from the plane of hollow bulb 77 is at random, the volume of each hollow bulb 77 is also identical, therefore, and the given volume of the resin of removing when transparent resin layer is developed.Therefore, the developing powder of each hollow bulb 77 is certain in the operation that each hollow bulb 77 forms, and can form the cone shape of expectation.Its result, the homogeneity that angle of visibility enlarges the fine shape of film 72B uprises, and output improves.

[the 8th embodiment]

Below, with reference to Figure 31～Figure 32 E the 8th embodiment of the present invention is described.

The basic structure of the liquid crystal indicator of this embodiment and the 6th, the 7th embodiment are identical, and it is different that only angle of visibility enlarges structure and the 6th, the 7th embodiment of light shield layer of film.Therefore, in this embodiment, omit explanation, only angle of visibility is enlarged film and describe the basic structure of liquid crystal indicator.

Figure 31 is the stereographic map of the liquid crystal indicator of this embodiment of expression.

Figure 32 A～Figure 32 E representes that by manufacturing process's order the angle of visibility of this embodiment enlarges the sectional view of film.

In addition, in Figure 31, Figure 32 A～Figure 32 E, textural element additional phase together the symbol common with the accompanying drawing that uses at the 6th, the 7th embodiment omits its detailed description.

Six, in the 7th embodiment, a plurality of light shield layers 76 all are same size.Relative therewith, the angle of visibility of this embodiment enlarges among the film 72C, and is shown in figure 31, the size of a plurality of light shield layer 76C (diameter) difference.The diameter of for example a plurality of light shield layer 76C distributes in the scope of 10 μ m～25 μ m.That is, a plurality of light shield layer 76C have multiple size.In addition, a plurality of light shield layer 76C are identical with the 7th embodiment, see random arrangement from the plane.

In addition, among a plurality of hollow bulb 77C, the volume of at least one hollow bulb 77C is different with the volume of other hollow bulb 77C.Other structure is identical with the 7th embodiment.

The manufacturing process that angle of visibility enlarges film 72C is also identical with the 6th, the 7th embodiment, but shown in Figure 32 A, the photomask 78C that when forming light shield layer 76C, uses has on this one side of the different a plurality of patterns of openings 79C of size different with the 7th embodiment.

Enlarge among the film 72C at the angle of visibility of this embodiment, also can obtain and the identical effect of the 6th, the 7th embodiment, that is, be difficult for producing breakage by the light diffusion part 73C due to the external force etc.; Can not produce light transmission reduction keep the light diffusion function of expectation; Do not need accurate aligning operation, can shorten the time that manufacturing needs.Under the situation of this embodiment, except a plurality of light shield layer 76C random arrangement, the size of light shield layer 76C is also different, therefore, can suppress more reliably by the Moire fringe due to the optical diffraction phenomenon.In addition, because the volume of at least one hollow bulb 77C is different with the volume of other hollow bulb 77C, therefore, can improve light diffusing.

[the 9th embodiment]

Below, with reference to Figure 33～Figure 34 B the 9th embodiment of the present invention is described.

The basic structure of the liquid crystal indicator of this embodiment is identical with first embodiment, and between liquid crystal display 6 and adhesive linkage 8, forming the scattering layer 82 with light diffusing, these are different with first embodiment on the one hand.Therefore, in this embodiment, omit explanation to the basic structure of liquid crystal indicator.

Figure 33 is the sectional view of the liquid crystal indicator 81 of this embodiment of expression.

Figure 34 A, Figure 34 B are the figure that is used for explaining the effect of scattering layer 82.

In addition, in Figure 33, Figure 34 A, Figure 34 B, textural element additional phase together the symbol common with the accompanying drawing that uses at first embodiment omits its detailed description.In addition, in Figure 34 A, for simplicity, omit the diagram of adhesive linkage 8.

Shown in figure 33, scattering layer 82 is disposed between liquid crystal display 6 and the adhesive linkage 8.Scattering layer 82 is for comprising the layer of emboliform scatterer.For example; Material as scatterer; Can use the material that comprises suitable transparent material, this transparency material comprises category of glass or acrylic polymers, olefin polymer, vinyl class in polymer, cellulosic polymer, acylamide polymer, fluorine-based polymer, ammonia esters polymer, silicone polymkeric substance, acid imide fluoropolymer resin class etc.Perhaps, also can be with scatterer as bubble in scattering layer 80 diffusions.Except these transparent material, also can use not light absorbing scatterer, reflecting body.Different shapes such as the shape of each scatterer for example can form spherical, oval spherical, plate shaped, polygon cube.Scattering layer 82 preferred mist degrees are below 50.The mist degree of further preferred scattering layer 82 is below 20.

In addition, in this embodiment,, be not defined in this though scattering layer 82 is disposed between liquid crystal display 6 and the adhesive linkage 8.For example, adhesive linkage 8 itself also can have light scattering property.

Under the situation of this embodiment, shown in Figure 34 A, dispose scattering layer 82 in the light-incident end 40b of light diffusion part 40 side.Thus, with respect to the light L of the light-incident end 40b vertical incidence of light diffusion part 40 in scattering layer 82 diffusions.Therefore, to the light of the various angles of light diffusion part 40 incidents.To the light of light diffusion part 40, after total reflection takes place side 40c, change angle, with various angular spread and penetrate from ground floor 42, base material 39 transmissions and to the outside successively with various angle incidents.

Relative therewith, shown in Figure 34 B, enlarge at the angle of visibility that does not dispose scattering layer under the situation of film 107, concentrate on specific diffusion angle and penetrate with respect to the light L of the light-incident end 140b vertical incidence of light diffusion part 140.Its result can not make light evenly spread at the angular range of broadness, can only obtain vivid demonstration at specific angle of visibility.

Like this, under the situation of this embodiment, owing to dispose scattering layer 82 in the light-incident end 40b of light diffusion part 40 side, therefore, can avoid making the diffusion angle of light to concentrate is an angle.Its result, it is milder to make angle of visibility enlarge the light diffusion property of film 7, obtains vivid demonstration at the angle of visibility of broadness.

[the tenth embodiment]

Below, with reference to Figure 35～Figure 36 B the tenth embodiment of the present invention is described.

The basic structure of the liquid crystal indicator of this embodiment is identical with first embodiment, and the outside that enlarges the base material 39 of film 92 at angle of visibility forms on scattering layer 93 this point with light diffusing different with first embodiment.Therefore, in this embodiment, omit explanation to the basic structure of liquid crystal indicator.

Figure 35 is the sectional view of the liquid crystal indicator 91 of this embodiment of expression.

Figure 36 A, Figure 36 B are the figure that is used for explaining the effect of scattering layer 93.

In addition, in Figure 35, Figure 36 A, Figure 36 B, textural element additional phase together the symbol common with the accompanying drawing that uses at first embodiment omits its detailed description.In addition, in Figure 36 A, for convenience's sake, omit the diagram of adhesive linkage 8.

Shown in figure 35, scattering layer 93 is disposed at the outside that angle of visibility enlarges the base material 39 of film 92.Scattering layer 93 is for comprising the layer of emboliform scatterer.Scattering layer 93 preferred mist degrees are below 50.More preferably, the mist degree of scattering layer 82 is below 20.In addition, enlarge the most surperficial of film 92, therefore, preferably do not have backscattering because scattering layer 93 is arranged at angle of visibility.

In addition, in this embodiment,, be not defined in this though scattering layer 93 is disposed at the outside of base material 39.For example, base material 39 itself also can have light scattering property.

Under the situation of this embodiment, shown in Figure 36 A, the surface configuration that angle of visibility enlarges film 92 has scattering layer 93.Thus, with respect to the light L of the light-incident end 40b vertical incidence of light diffusion part 40, after 40 diffusions of light diffusion part, further spread at scattering layer 93.Therefore, penetrate the light of various angles from scattering layer 93.

Relative therewith, shown in Figure 36 B, enlarge at the angle of visibility that does not dispose scattering layer under the situation of film 107, concentrate and penetrate in specific diffusion angle with respect to the light L of the light-incident end 140b vertical incidence of light diffusion part 140.Its result can not make light evenly spread at the angular range of broadness, can only obtain vivid demonstration at specific angle of visibility.

Like this, under the situation of this embodiment, because the surface configuration that enlarges film 92 at angle of visibility has scattering layer 93, therefore, can avoid making the diffusion angle of light to concentrate is an angle.

Its result, it is milder to make angle of visibility enlarge the light diffusion property of film 7, obtains vivid demonstration at the angle of visibility of broadness.

Figure 37 is the summary construction diagram of an example of the expression angle of visibility manufacturing installation that enlarges film.

Manufacturing installation 150 shown in Figure 37 device for also carrying out various processing betwixt through the rectangular base material 39 of roll-to-roll conveyance.In addition, this manufacturing installation 150 ， Zai ?in the formation of chromatograph 166, replace the photoetching process of above-mentioned use photomask and use print process.

End at manufacturing installation 150 is provided with the outlet roller 151 that base material 39 is seen off, and the other end is provided with the winding roller 152 that base material 39 is batched.Base material 39 is from the structure of outlet roller 151 sides towards winding roller 152 side shiftings.Above base material 39, dispose printing equipment 153, first drying device 154, applying device 155, developing apparatus 156, second drying device 157 successively from outlet roller 151 side direction winding rollers 152 sides.Below base material 39, dispose exposure device 158.Printing equipment 153 for be used on base material 39 Yin Shua ?the device of chromatograph 166.First drying device 154 for to forms by printing De ?chromatograph 166 carry out the device of drying.Applying device 155 for be used for Zai ?apply the device of transparent negative resist on the chromatograph 166.Developing apparatus 156 device for being used for the transparent negative resist after the exposure being developed through developer solution.Second drying device 157 is for carrying out dry device to the base material 39 that forms the light diffusion part 163 that is made up of the transparent resist after developing.Afterwards, also can further make the base material 39 and second polarization plates 5 that form light diffusion part 163 bonding, make angle of visibility expansion film and polarization plates integrated.

Exposure device 158 is for from film 149,150 devices that make public of base material 39 sides to transparent negative resist.Figure 38 A, Figure 38 B are the figure that in manufacturing installation 150, only the part of exposure device 158 is taken out the line display of going forward side by side.Shown in Figure 38 A, exposure device 158 possesses a plurality of light sources 159, along with advancing of base material 39, also can as dying down gradually etc., change from the intensity of the diffusion light F of each light source 159.Perhaps, shown in Figure 38 B, exposure device 158 is along with base material 39 advances, and also can gradually change from the ejaculation angle of the diffusion light F of each light source 159.Through using this exposure device 158, can the angle of inclination of the side of light diffusion part 163 be controlled at desired angle.

In addition, in above-mentioned example, Xing Cheng ?chromatograph 166 applied aqueous resist during with light diffusion part 163, but replace this structure, also can the resist of film like be attached to the one side of base material 39.

At last, as shown in Figure 2, the angle of visibility processed is enlarged film via adhesive linkage 8, so that base material 39 is recognized side towards looking, made the state of light diffusion part 163 and second polarization plates, 5 subtends, be attached on the liquid crystal display 6.

Through above operation, process the liquid crystal indicator of this embodiment.

In addition, the technical scope in the mode of the present invention is not defined in above-mentioned embodiment, in the scope of the purport in not breaking away from mode of the present invention, can increase various changes.For example in the above-described embodiment; Though enumerated the example of the light diffusion part of two-layer structure; But be not defined in this; Also can possess and comprise ground floor, the second layer, the 3rd layer the light diffusion part of three-layer structure, above-mentioned ground floor, the second layer, the 3rd layer comprise the material with different photocuring characteristics respectively.In this case,, then can make more multistage ground variation of diffusion angle, can make the light diffusion property milder at the light of each layer offside reflection if for making the angle of inclination difference various structure of each layer side.

In the above-mentioned embodiment,, be not defined in this, can organic electroluminescence display device and method of manufacturing same, plasma display etc. be applicable to the present invention yet though enumerated the example of liquid crystal indicator as display body.

In addition, in the above-mentioned embodiment, though showed angle of visibility is enlarged the example on second polarization plates that film is bonded in liquid crystal display, angle of visibility enlarges film and also can contact with liquid crystal display.

For example, between angle of visibility expansion film and liquid crystal display, can insert other optical thin film or optical element etc.Perhaps, angle of visibility expansion film also can be positioned at the position of separating with liquid crystal display.In addition, under the situation of organic electroluminescence display device and method of manufacturing same, plasma display etc., owing to do not need polarization plates, therefore, angle of visibility enlarges film and can not contact with polarization plates.

In addition, also can be following structure, in the above-described embodiment angle of visibility enlarges the looking of base material of film to be recognized side at least one in antireflection layer, polarization filtering layer, antistatic backing, non-glare treated layer, the antifouling processing layer is set.According to this structure, look the kind of the layer of recognizing side according to being arranged at base material, can add following function: reduce external light reflection function, prevent the function that dust or dirt adhere to, anti-function of hindering etc., can prevent the angle of visibility characteristic through the time deterioration.

In addition, in the above-described embodiment, with the light diffusion part be made as clip central shaft and the symmetry shape, but also be not necessarily the symmetry shape.For example according to the purposes of display device or method of application and require under the situation of asymmetrical angle distribution intentionally; Only for example require at screen upper side, or only under the situation at expanded field of vision angle, right side, also can make the angle of inclination of light diffusion part side asymmetric.

In addition, the concrete structure of creating conditions etc. that relates in size and material, the manufacturing process of configuration and the shape of light diffusion part and light shield layer, each one that angle of visibility enlarges film is not defined in above-mentioned embodiment, can suitably change.

Utilizability on the industry

Mode of the present invention can be used in the various display device of liquid crystal indicator, organic electroluminescence display device and method of manufacturing same, plasma display etc.

Claims

1. a light diffusing member is characterized in that, comprising:

Base material with transmitance;

Be formed at a plurality of smooth diffusion part of the one side of said base material; With

Light shield layer, it is formed at the different zone, formation one side and said smooth diffusion part zone of said base material, wherein,

Said smooth diffusion part has light in said base material side and penetrates end face, and has the light-incident end that penetrates the big area of the area of end face than said light in a side opposite with said base material side,

Said smooth diffusion part penetrate the bed thickness of the size of end face from said light-incident end to said light greater than said light shield layer,

Said smooth diffusion part comprises a plurality of layers, and said a plurality of layers material has non-intermiscibility each other and differs from one another.

2. light diffusing member as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:

The angle of inclination of a plurality of layers side of said smooth diffusion part is different separately.

3. light diffusing member as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:

The refractive index of a plurality of layers material of said smooth diffusion part is different separately.

4. light diffusing member as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:

A plurality of layers interface of said smooth diffusion part is not parallel with the one side of said base material.

5. light diffusing member as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:

The angle of inclination of a plurality of layers side of said smooth diffusion part is along with becoming big near said light-incident end.

6. light diffusing member as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:

There is air in gap between said a plurality of smooth diffusion parts.

7. light diffusing member as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:

See that from the normal direction of the one side of said base material said a plurality of smooth diffusion parts are configured to striated across the compartment of terrain each other,

See that from the normal direction of the one side of said base material said light shield layer is being configured to be configured to striated between the light diffusion part of said striated.

8. light diffusing member as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that:

The size of at least one short side direction in the size of the size of the short side direction of said a plurality of smooth diffusion parts, the short side direction of said a plurality of light shield layers is set at random.

9. light diffusing member as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:

See that from the normal direction of the one side of said base material said a plurality of smooth diffusion parts disperse the ground configuration,

Said light shield layer forms in the zone different with the formation zone of said smooth diffusion part continuously.

10. light diffusing member as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that:

See that from the normal direction of the one side of said base material said a plurality of smooth diffusion parts dispose regularly.

11. light diffusing member as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that:

See said a plurality of smooth diffusion part aperiodicity ground configurations from the normal direction of the one side of said base material.

12. light diffusing member as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that:

See that from the normal direction of the one side of said base material said a plurality of smooth diffusion parts are of similar shape each other.

13. light diffusing member as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that:

See that from the normal direction of the one side of said base material said a plurality of smooth diffusion parts have different shapes each other.

14. light diffusing member as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that:

The flat shape of the said smooth diffusion part of seeing from the normal direction of the one side of said base material is circular, oval or polygon.

15., it is characterized in that like the described light diffusing member of claim 1 to 14:

Said base material has light diffusing.

16. a light diffusing member is characterized in that, comprising:

Base material with transmitance;

Be formed at a plurality of light shield layers of the one side of said base material; With

The light diffusion part, it is formed at the different zone, formation one side and said light shield layer zone of said base material, wherein,

17. light diffusing member as claimed in claim 16 is characterized in that:

See that from the normal direction of the one side of said base material said a plurality of light shield layers dispose dispersedly,

Said smooth diffusion part forms in the zone different with the formation zone of said light shield layer continuously.

18. light diffusing member as claimed in claim 17 is characterized in that:

See that from the normal direction of the one side of said base material said a plurality of light shield layers dispose regularly.

19. light diffusing member as claimed in claim 17 is characterized in that:

See said a plurality of light shield layer aperiodicity ground configuration from the normal direction of the one side of said base material.

20. light diffusing member as claimed in claim 16 is characterized in that:

See that from the normal direction of the one side of said base material said a plurality of light shield layers are of similar shape each other.

21. light diffusing member as claimed in claim 16 is characterized in that:

See that from the normal direction of the one side of said base material said a plurality of light shield layers have different shapes each other.

22. light diffusing member as claimed in claim 16 is characterized in that:

The flat shape of the said light shield layer of seeing from the normal direction of the one side of said base material is circular, oval or polygon.

23. the manufacturing approach of a light diffusing member is characterized in that, comprising:

In the one side of base material, form light shield layer with peristome with transmitance;

Negative-type photosensitive resin material to being mixed with the multiple material that has non-intermiscibility is each other regulated;

In the one side of said base material, dispose said negative-type photosensitive resin material with the mode that covers said light shield layer;

Said negative-type photosensitive resin material is separated, forms a plurality of negative-type photosensitive resin layers that separate in the normal direction of the one side of said base material;

From the face of the opposition side of the one side of the said base material that is formed with said light shield layer and said a plurality of negative-type photosensitive resin layers, the peristome through said light shield layer makes public to said a plurality of negative-type photosensitive resin layers;

Said a plurality of negative-type photosensitive resin layers behind the said end exposure are developed; One side at said base material forms a plurality of smooth diffusion parts; This light diffusion part has light in said base material side and penetrates end face, and has the light-incident end of the area bigger than the area of said light ejaculation end face at the opposition side of said base material side.

24. the manufacturing approach of light diffusing member as claimed in claim 23 is characterized in that:

As the material of said light shield layer, any in the multilayer film of use black resin, black ink, metal monomer or metal monomer and metal oxide.

25. a display device is characterized in that, comprising:

Display body; With

The angle of visibility enlargement part, it is arranged at looking of said display body and recognizes side, makes from the angle distribution of the light of said display body incident to penetrate for make light than the state of expanding before the incident,

Said angle of visibility enlargement part comprises the described light diffusing member of claim 1 to 22.

26. display device as claimed in claim 25 is characterized in that:

Said display body has a plurality of pixels that form display image,

Among said a plurality of smooth diffusion parts of said light diffusing member, the maximum spacing between adjacent light diffusion part is less than the spacing between the said pixel of said display body.

27. display device as claimed in claim 25 is characterized in that:

Said display body has: light source; With optical modulation element to modulating from the light of said light source, wherein,

Said light source penetrates the light with directive property.

28. display device as claimed in claim 25 is characterized in that:

Also between said display body and said light diffusing member, comprise adhesive linkage,

Said adhesive linkage has light diffusing.

29. display device as claimed in claim 25 is characterized in that:

Said display body is a liquid crystal display cells.