CN110609411B - Liquid crystal display panel and display device - Google Patents
Liquid crystal display panel and display device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110609411B CN110609411B CN201910917222.2A CN201910917222A CN110609411B CN 110609411 B CN110609411 B CN 110609411B CN 201910917222 A CN201910917222 A CN 201910917222A CN 110609411 B CN110609411 B CN 110609411B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133528—Polarisers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/13363—Birefringent elements, e.g. for optical compensation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
- G02F1/133528—Polarisers
- G02F1/133531—Polarisers characterised by the arrangement of polariser or analyser axes
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Abstract
The invention discloses a liquid crystal display panel and a display device, wherein the liquid crystal display panel comprises: the liquid crystal display panel comprises a first polarizer, an array substrate, a liquid crystal layer, a phase adjusting layer, a color film substrate, a turning layer and a second polarizer which are sequentially stacked, wherein an absorption axis of the first polarizer is parallel to an absorption axis of the second polarizer, and the color film substrate is provided with pixel regions with various colors; the phase adjustment layer is configured to adjust a phase difference of light passing through the phase adjustment layer so as to provide light with different phase differences to pixel regions of different colors in the color film substrate, and the larger the wavelength of the color corresponding to the pixel region is, the larger the phase difference of the light is; a turning layer configured to turn the polarization direction of the light passing through the phase adjustment layer by 90 degrees. The invention can prevent the liquid crystal display panel from light leakage and ensure the contrast of the liquid crystal display panel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of display, in particular to a liquid crystal display panel and a display device.
Background
Liquid crystal display devices have been developed for a long time because of their advantages of high brightness, small size, low radiation, low power consumption, soft picture, etc. The liquid crystal display device mainly comprises a liquid crystal display panel, a backlight module and the like. The liquid crystal display panel comprises a first polaroid, an array substrate, a liquid crystal layer, a color film substrate and a second polaroid which are sequentially stacked, and absorption axes of the first polaroid and the second polaroid are mutually vertical.
For a large-sized liquid crystal display panel, for example, a 150-inch liquid crystal display panel, the size of the long side of the panel is usually required to be up to 3m, and accordingly, the size of the long side of the first polarizer and the second polarizer is also required to be up to 3 m.
Due to the manufacturing process, the length of the polarizer in the extending direction of the absorption axis can only reach 2.5m, and when the extending direction of the absorption axis of the polarizer is parallel to the long edge (3 m is needed) of the liquid crystal display panel, the polarizer cannot meet the use requirement of the liquid crystal display panel. The absorption axes of the two polarizers installed in the liquid crystal display device must be perpendicular to each other, so that the length of one polarizer inevitably cannot meet the size requirement in the first polarizer and the second polarizer, and the development of a large-sized liquid crystal display panel is restricted.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a liquid crystal display panel and a display device, which can prevent the liquid crystal display panel from light leakage and ensure the contrast of the liquid crystal display panel. The technical scheme is as follows:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a liquid crystal display panel, where the liquid crystal display panel includes: the liquid crystal display panel comprises a first polaroid, an array substrate, a liquid crystal layer, a phase adjusting layer, a color film substrate, a turning layer and a second polaroid which are sequentially stacked, wherein an absorption axis of the first polaroid is parallel to an absorption axis of the second polaroid, and the color film substrate is provided with pixel regions with multiple colors; the phase adjustment layer is configured to adjust a phase difference of light passing through the phase adjustment layer to provide light with different phase differences to pixel regions of different colors in the color film substrate, and the larger the wavelength of light filtered out by the pixel regions of different colors is, the larger the phase difference of light is; a turning layer configured to turn the polarization direction of the light exiting from the phase adjustment layer by 90 degrees.
In an implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the phase adjustment layer includes a first region facing a red pixel region of the color filter substrate, a second region facing a green pixel region of the color filter substrate, and a third region facing a blue pixel region of the color filter substrate, a phase difference of light passing through the first region is greater than a phase difference of light passing through the second region, and a phase difference of light passing through the second region is greater than a phase difference of light passing through the third region.
In another implementation of the embodiments of the present invention, the phase adjustment layer includes at least two polymer materials including a first polymer material and a second polymer material, and the wavelength of the curing light of the first polymer material is different from the wavelength of the curing light of the second polymer material.
In another implementation of the embodiment of the invention, the first polymer material is a liquid crystal material, and the second polymer material is a functional group of polyimide.
In another implementation of the embodiment of the invention, the phase difference of the light passing through the phase adjustment layer is positively correlated to the thickness of the liquid crystal material in the phase adjustment layer in the thickness direction of the phase adjustment layer.
In another implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the curing light of the liquid crystal material is ultraviolet light with a wavelength less than 285nm, and the curing light of the functional group of the polyimide is ultraviolet light with a wavelength greater than 365 nm.
In another implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the turning layer includes a first turning layer, the first turning layer is located between the color film substrate and the second polarizer, and the first turning layer is configured to turn a polarization direction of light emitted from the color film substrate by 90 °; or the turning layer comprises a first turning layer and a second turning layer, the first turning layer is located between the color film substrate and the second polarizer, the second turning layer is located between the color film substrate and the phase adjustment layer, the second turning layer is configured to turn the polarization direction of light passing through the phase adjustment layer into a first angle, the first turning layer is configured to turn the polarization direction of light emitted from the color film substrate into a second angle, and the sum of the first angle and the second angle is 90 °.
In another implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the first turning layer is a half phase difference film, and an included angle between an optical axis of the first turning layer and an absorption axis of the first polarizer is 45 °; or, first turning layer with the second turns to the layer and is half phase difference membrane, the optical axis of first turning layer with the contained angle between the absorption axis of first polaroid is 22.5, the optical axis of second turning layer with the contained angle between the absorption axis of first polaroid is 67.5.
In one implementation of the embodiments of the present invention, the first turning layer and the second turning layer are made of a material including polyimide doped with a monomer having birefringence characteristics.
In a second aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a display device, which includes the liquid crystal display panel as described above.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
in the liquid crystal display panel of the embodiment of the invention, the absorption axes of the first polarizer and the second polarizer are parallel, and meanwhile, the long edges of the two polarizers can be set to be the side edges perpendicular to the direction of the absorption axes of the polarizers, so that the sizes of the two polarizers can meet the size requirement, and the turning layer is also arranged to deflect the polarization direction of light passing through the phase adjusting layer by 90 degrees, so that the second polarizer can detect the polarization transmitted by the first polarizer, namely, the requirement of the two polarizers of the liquid crystal display panel on normal work is met.
Because the polarized light transmits light with different wavelengths through pixel regions with different colors of the color film substrate, and the light with different wavelengths has the same phase difference and the different light deflection angles after passing through the turning layer, the polarization direction of the light with different wavelengths cannot be completely deflected to 90 degrees, namely the polarization direction of the light passing through the turning layer is not parallel to the direction of the absorption axis of the first polarizer, so that light leakage of the liquid crystal display panel is caused, and the contrast of the liquid crystal display panel is further influenced. In this embodiment, by providing the phase adjustment layer, the phase adjustment layer can adjust the phase difference of the light passing through the phase adjustment layer to provide the light with different phase differences to the pixel regions of different colors in the color film substrate, and the larger the wavelength of the light filtered out by the pixel regions of different colors is, the larger the phase difference of the light is, therefore, the larger the phase difference of the light filtering out the light with a larger wavelength after passing through the color film substrate is, so that the light with different wavelengths has different phase differences to compensate the light deflection angles of the different wavelengths, and finally the polarization direction of most of the light with different wavelengths can be deflected by 90 degrees, so that the polarization direction of the light passing through the turning layer is parallel to the direction of the absorption axis of the first polarizer, thereby preventing the liquid crystal display panel from leaking light and ensuring the contrast of the liquid crystal display panel.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display panel provided in the related art;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display panel provided in the related art;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an lcd panel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a phase adjustment layer and a color filter substrate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an LCD panel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an LCD panel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a first state of a phase adjustment layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a second state of a phase adjustment layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic view of an illumination reflection of a color filter substrate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating a third state of a phase adjustment layer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic diagram illustrating a change of light passing through a liquid crystal display panel according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The large-sized display panel has a wide application range, and can be applied to various fields such as outdoor display and indoor blackboards. The size of the currently available lcd panel can reach 150 inches, however, when the size of the lcd panel reaches 130 inches, the components and materials of the lcd panel need to be re-developed, such as the polarizer, the backlight and various films.
The main problem in developing large-sized liquid crystal display panels is how to prepare large-sized polarizers. The liquid crystal display panel needs two polaroids, and the sizes of the polaroids need to meet the requirement of being consistent with the long edge and the short edge of the display panel. However, currently, the maximum length of the polarizer in the direction of the absorption axis (the maximum width of the polarizer) is limited by the raw materials and the equipment, and for a large-sized liquid crystal display panel, for example, a 150-inch liquid crystal display panel, the long side of the panel is usually required to be 3m, that is, the long side of the polarizer is also required to be 3m, so that the maximum width of the polarizer seriously affects the popularization of the large-sized liquid crystal display device.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display panel provided in the related art, and as shown in fig. 1, the liquid crystal display panel includes a first polarizer 11, an array substrate 2, a liquid crystal layer 3, a color film substrate 5, and a second polarizer 12, which are sequentially disposed. The absorption axis direction of the first polarizer 11 is 0 °, the absorption axis direction of the second polarizer 12 is 90 °, the absorption axis of the polarizer means that light parallel to the absorption axis is absorbed by the polarizer when entering the polarizer, and light perpendicular to the absorption axis can pass through the polarizer. Because the absorption axis directions of the first polarizer 11 and the second polarizer 12 are vertical, the transmittance of light after the two polarizers are stacked is less than or equal to 0.01 percent. When the size requirement of the liquid crystal display panel reaches 150 inches, one of the polarizers cannot meet the size requirement of the product due to the limitation of the maximum width of the polarizer.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display panel provided in the related art, and as shown in fig. 2, the polarization state compensation method is to set the absorption axis directions of the first polarizer 11 and the second polarizer 12 in fig. 2 to be 0 °, and to set a half phase difference film 10 between the second polarizer 12 and the color film substrate 5, an included angle between the optical axis of the half phase difference film 10 and the absorption axis of the second polarizer 12 is 45 °, and a phase difference value R of the half phase difference film 10 is0The (in-plane phase difference value) is about 275nm, and the polarization direction of the polarized light passing through the first polarizer 11 is changed by 90 degrees through the half phase difference film 8, so that the second polarizer 12 can play a role in polarization detection, and the liquid crystal display device can normally work. Because the absorption axis directions of the first polarizer 11 and the second polarizer 12 are the same, the sizes of the two polarizers can both meet the size requirement of 150 inches, and the problem that the large-size polarizer cannot be prepared is solved.
However, the polarization compensation method uses a half-retardation film, and a certain retardation appears in light passing through the half-retardation film, for example, 275nm in the retardation appears in light passing through the half-retardation film in fig. 2. Meanwhile, the polarized light transmits light (red light, green light and blue light) with different wavelengths through the color film substrate 5, and because the phase difference of the light with different wavelengths is the same, the light with different wavelengths changes at different angles after passing through the half phase difference film. For example, when the phase difference is 275nm, the angle of green light transition is 90 °, while the angle of blue and red light transition ≠ 90 °. Therefore, the polarization direction of light of all colors cannot be completely adjusted to be parallel to the direction of the absorption axis of the first polarizer 11, resulting in light leakage of the liquid crystal display panel and severe loss of contrast of the liquid crystal display panel.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display panel according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown in fig. 3, the liquid crystal display panel includes: the liquid crystal display panel comprises a first polarizer 11, an array substrate 2, a liquid crystal layer 3, a phase adjusting layer 4, a color film substrate 5, a turning layer 6 and a second polarizer 12 which are sequentially stacked. The absorption axis of the first polarizer 11 is parallel to the absorption axis of the second polarizer 12, and the color film substrate 5 has pixel regions of multiple colors; the phase adjustment layer 4 is configured to adjust a phase difference of light passing through the phase adjustment layer 4 to supply light having different phase differences to pixel regions of different colors in the color film substrate 5, and the phase difference of light is larger as the wavelength of light filtered out through the pixel regions of different colors is larger. The turn layer 6 is configured to deflect the polarization direction of the light passing through the phase adjustment layer 4 by 90 degrees.
In the liquid crystal display panel of the embodiment of the invention, the absorption axes of the first polarizer and the second polarizer are parallel, and meanwhile, the long edges of the two polarizers can be set to be the side edges perpendicular to the direction of the absorption axes of the polarizers, so that the sizes of the two polarizers can meet the size requirement, and the turning layer is also arranged to deflect the polarization direction of light passing through the phase adjusting layer by 90 degrees, so that the second polarizer can detect the polarization transmitted by the first polarizer, namely, the requirement of the two polarizers of the liquid crystal display panel on normal work is met. Because the polarized light transmits light with different wavelengths through pixel regions with different colors of the color film substrate, and the light with different wavelengths has the same phase difference and the different light deflection angles after passing through the turning layer, the polarization direction of the light with different wavelengths cannot be completely deflected to 90 degrees, namely the polarization direction of the light passing through the turning layer is not parallel to the direction of the absorption axis of the first polarizer, so that light leakage of the liquid crystal display panel is caused, and the contrast of the liquid crystal display panel is further influenced. In this embodiment, by providing the phase adjustment layer, the phase adjustment layer can adjust the phase difference of the light passing through the phase adjustment layer to provide the light with different phase differences to the pixel regions of different colors in the color film substrate, and the larger the wavelength of the light filtered out by the pixel regions of different colors is, the larger the phase difference of the light is, therefore, the larger the phase difference of the light filtering out the light with a larger wavelength after passing through the color film substrate is, so that the light with different wavelengths has different phase differences to compensate the light deflection angles of the different wavelengths, and finally the polarization direction of most of the light with different wavelengths can be deflected by 90 degrees, so that the polarization direction of the light passing through the turning layer is parallel to the direction of the absorption axis of the first polarizer, thereby preventing the liquid crystal display panel from leaking light and ensuring the contrast of the liquid crystal display panel.
The phase difference of light also becomes the retardation of light. If the thickness of the medium through which the light passes is not equal to the wavelength of the light, the light emitted from the medium generates a certain retardation amount compared with the light before entering the medium, and the retardation amount is also a phase difference. Therefore, the phase difference in the present embodiment means a phase difference between light entering the phase adjustment layer and light leaving the phase adjustment layer.
The first polarizer 11 is close to the backlight source, that is, located on the light incident surface of the liquid crystal display panel, and the first polarizer 11 may be configured to convert natural light emitted from the backlight source into linearly polarized light, where a polarization direction of the linearly polarized light passing through the first polarizer 11 is perpendicular to a direction of an absorption axis of the first polarizer 11. The second polarizer 12 is close to the glass cover plate of the liquid crystal display panel, that is, located on the light exit surface of the liquid crystal display panel, and when the liquid crystal display panel does not work, the polarization direction of the polarized light passing through the liquid crystal layer 3 and transmitted to the second polarizer 12 is parallel to the absorption axis of the second polarizer 12 and is absorbed by the second polarizer 12, so that the light emitted by the backlight source cannot pass through the second polarizer 12.
The array substrate 2 includes a plurality of Thin Film Transistors (TFTs) distributed in an array, and the TFTs distributed in an array are used to control different areas on the liquid crystal display panel to emit light, so as to display images.
Optionally, the pixel regions of multiple colors on the color filter substrate 5 are different color resist layers on the color filter substrate 5. For example, the different color resist layers may be a red color resist layer, a green color resist layer, a blue color resist layer, etc., and the light passing through the color resist layers of different colors can filter out the light of different colors. Therefore, the phase adjustment layer can provide light with different phase differences to the color resist layers of different colors in the color filter substrate 5, and the larger the wavelength of the color corresponding to the pixel region of different colors in the color filter substrate 5 is, the larger the phase difference of the light is, so that the larger the wavelength of the light filtered out from the color resist layers of different colors is, the larger the phase difference of the light is.
In some possible implementation manners, fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a phase adjustment layer and a color filter substrate according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 4, the color filter substrate includes three color pixel regions, i.e., a red pixel region 51, a green pixel region 52, and a blue pixel region 53. The phase adjustment layer 4 includes a first region 41 facing a red pixel region 51 of the color filter substrate, a second region 42 facing a green pixel region 52 of the color filter substrate, and a third region 43 facing a blue pixel region 53 of the color filter substrate, and a phase difference of light passing through the first region 41 is larger than a phase difference of light passing through the second region 42, and a phase difference of light passing through the second region 42 is larger than a phase difference of light passing through the third region 43.
In this embodiment, the phase adjustment layer 4 and the color filter substrate 5 are stacked together, an orthographic projection of the first region 41 on the color filter substrate 5 coincides with a red pixel region 51 of the color filter substrate 5, an orthographic projection of the second region 42 on the color filter substrate 5 coincides with a green pixel region 52 of the color filter substrate 5, and an orthographic projection of the third region 43 on the color filter substrate 5 coincides with a blue pixel region 53 of the color filter substrate 5. This allows light passing through the first region 41, the second region 42 and the third region 43 to be adjusted to light having different phase differences, the first region 41, the second region 42, and the third region 43 correspond to a red pixel region 51, a green pixel region 52, and a blue pixel region 53 on the color filter substrate 5, therefore, after the light passes through the color film substrate 5, the phase difference of the transmitted red light, green light and blue light is also different, and the red light transmitted from the different red pixel regions 51 can be stabilized at a phase difference value, for example, the phase difference of the red light may be 280nm, the green light transmitted from different green pixel regions 52 can be stabilized at one phase difference, for example, the phase difference of green light may be 275nm, and blue light transmitted from different blue pixel regions 53 may be stabilized at one phase difference value, for example, the phase difference of blue light may be 265 nm. And then the phase difference of the light with different wavelengths is controlled to compensate the deflection angle of the light with different wavelengths, so that the polarization directions of the light with different wavelengths are deflected by 90 degrees, and finally the light with different wavelengths is absorbed by the second polarizer 12, thereby preventing the liquid crystal display panel from light leakage and ensuring the contrast of the liquid crystal display panel.
In other possible implementation manners, the color filter substrate may further include pixel regions of more than three colors, for example, the color filter substrate includes pixel regions of four colors, i.e., a red pixel region, a green pixel region, a blue pixel region, and a yellow pixel region. Accordingly, the phase adjustment layer also includes four different regions respectively opposed to the pixel regions of the four colors. Therefore, the phase adjustment layer can provide light with different phase differences to pixel regions of different colors in the color film substrate, and the wavelength of the light filtered out from the pixel regions of different colors is larger, and the phase difference of the light is larger. And then the phase difference of the light with different wavelengths is controlled to compensate the angle of light conversion of different wavelengths, so that the polarization directions of the light with different wavelengths are deflected by 90 degrees, and finally the light energy with different wavelengths is absorbed by the second polarizer, thereby preventing the liquid crystal display panel from light leakage and ensuring the contrast of the liquid crystal display panel.
Note that, regardless of the number of pixel regions using the color filter substrate, different regions corresponding to the pixel regions of different colors are provided in the phase adjustment layer, so that light of different wavelengths filtered out from the color filter substrate has different phase differences.
Optionally, the phase adjusting layer comprises at least two polymer materials, the at least two polymer materials having at least two wavelengths of curing light. The polymer material is a material which can be cured under light, the curing light is light which is used for curing the polymer material after the polymer material is irradiated, and the curing light with different wavelengths is used for curing different types of polymer materials after the polymer material is irradiated.
In the present embodiment, the thickness of the phase adjustment layer is the same, for example, the thickness of the phase adjustment layer may be 10 μm to 200 μm. In the film layer with the same thickness, the components of the material in the film layer and the content of each component material can influence the phase difference of light passing through the film layer. Therefore, after the phase adjustment layer is arranged to comprise at least two polymer materials, the proportion of each polymer material in the thickness direction of the phase adjustment layer can be adjusted by controlling the content of each polymer material in the thickness direction of the phase adjustment layer, so that the light can have the characteristic of different phase differences after passing through the phase adjustment layer.
When the content of various polymer materials in the thickness direction of the phase adjustment layer is controlled, the polymer materials in the phase adjustment layer can be cured by controlling the curing light with different wavelengths to irradiate the phase adjustment layer. Because the phase adjustment layer is laminated on the color film substrate, the red pixel area, the green pixel area and the blue pixel area on the color film substrate have different absorption and reflection of light. Therefore, when the curing light is irradiated to the region of the phase adjustment layer opposite to the red pixel region, the region of the phase adjustment layer opposite to the green pixel region, and the region of the phase adjustment layer opposite to the blue pixel region, the aggregation degree of the polymer materials is different, so that the occupation ratio in the thickness of the phase adjustment layer of the polymer materials is different, that is, the thickness of the polymer materials is different, and due to the fluidity of the materials, the other polymer materials flow to the position where the polymer materials are cured relatively less, and are cured under the irradiation of the curing light of another wavelength, and occupy a certain thickness of the phase adjustment layer. The purpose of controlling the content of various polymer materials in the thickness direction of the phase adjusting layer is achieved.
In one possible implementation of this embodiment, the at least two polymer materials include a first polymer material and a second polymer material, and the wavelength of the curing light of the first polymer material is different from the wavelength of the curing light of the second polymer material. The phase adjustment layer comprises at least two polymer materials, and a first polymer material and a second polymer material in the at least two polymer materials are respectively cured by curing light with different wavelengths, so that the preparation of the phase adjustment layer is conveniently and rapidly completed.
Illustratively, the first polymer material 45 may be a liquid crystal material, and the second polymer material 44 may be a functional group of polyimide. The curing light of the liquid crystal material can be ultraviolet light with the wavelength of less than 285nm, and the curing light of the functional group of the polyimide can be ultraviolet light with the wavelength of more than 365 nm.
In the phase adjusting layer with the same thickness, the phase difference of light passing through the film layer can be influenced by the components of the material in the film layer and the content of each component material. In this embodiment, the first polymer material is a liquid crystal material, the second polymer material is a functional group of polyimide, and the phase difference of light passing through the phase adjustment layer is positively correlated with the thickness of the liquid crystal material in the phase adjustment layer in the thickness direction of the phase adjustment layer. In the positive correlation, the phase difference of light passing through the phase adjustment layer increases as the thickness ratio of the liquid crystal material in the phase adjustment layer increases, that is, if the wavelength of light transmitted through a certain region of the phase adjustment layer is controlled to be larger, the liquid crystal material in the phase adjustment layer can have a larger thickness ratio in the thickness direction of the phase adjustment layer by controlling the region. If the wavelength of light transmitted through a certain region of the phase adjustment layer is controlled to be smaller, the liquid crystal material can have a smaller thickness ratio in the phase adjustment layer by controlling the thickness direction of the phase adjustment layer in the region.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the turning layer 6 may be used to turn the polarization direction of the light passing through the phase adjustment layer 4 by 90 degrees. When the polarization direction of light is deflected by the turning layer 6, the number of film layers included in the turning layer 6 and the hierarchical position of the turning layer 6 may be selected by design requirements.
In an implementation manner, fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 5, the turning layer includes a first turning layer 61, the first turning layer 61 is located between the color filter substrate 5 and the second polarizer 12, and the first turning layer 61 is configured to turn the polarization direction of light passing through the color filter substrate 5 by 90 °. In this implementation, the turning layer 6 includes only the first turning layer 61, and the first turning layer 61 is disposed between the color filter substrate 5 and the second polarizer 12. The purpose of deflecting the polarization direction of light passing through the color film substrate 5 by 90 degrees is achieved only by one turning layer.
Illustratively, the first turning layer 61 is a half retardation film, and the optical axis of the first turning layer 61 makes an angle of 45 ° with the absorption axis of the first polarizer 11. The optical axis of the half phase difference film is parallel to the surface of the half phase difference film, and the optical axis functions that when the angle between the optical axis of the half phase difference film and incident light is theta, the polarization angle of the light passing through the half phase difference film is converted into 2 theta. For example, the absorption axes of the first polarizer 11 and the second polarizer 12 are both 0 °, and the polarization angle of the light passing through the first polarizer 11 is 90 °, that is, the angle between the polarized light and the optical axis of the first turning layer 61 is 90 ° -45 °, so that the polarization angle is changed from 90 ° to 0 ° after the light passes through the first turning layer 61, thereby deflecting the polarization direction of the light with different wavelengths by 90 °, and finally enabling the light with different wavelengths to be absorbed by the second polarizer 12.
In another implementation manner, fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 6, the turning layer 6 includes a first turning layer 61 and a second turning layer 62, the first turning layer 61 is located between the color filter substrate 5 and the second polarizer 12, the second turning layer 62 is located between the color filter substrate 5 and the phase adjustment layer 4, the second turning layer 62 is configured to turn the polarization direction of light passing through the phase adjustment layer 4 by a first angle, the first turning layer 61 is configured to turn the polarization direction of light passing through the color filter substrate 5 by a second angle, and the sum of the first angle and the second angle is 90 °. The light is adjusted twice by two turning layers, and the sum of the twice polarization angles is controlled to 90 degrees, so that the second polarizer 12 can work normally. The larger the angle of single deflection of the polarization direction of light is, the larger the angle error of light deflection is, so that the double-layer steering layer is arranged to deflect the polarization angle of light twice, the angle error of light deflection can be effectively reduced, the condition of light leakage of the liquid crystal display panel is prevented, and the contrast of the liquid crystal display panel is ensured.
Illustratively, each of the first turning layer 61 and the second turning layer 62 is a half-retardation film, the optical axis of the first turning layer 61 forms an angle of 22.5 ° with the absorption axis of the first polarizer 11, and the optical axis of the second turning layer 62 forms an angle of 67.5 ° with the absorption axis of the first polarizer 11. The optical axis of the half phase difference film is parallel to the surface of the half phase difference film, and the optical axis functions that when the angle between the optical axis of the half phase difference film and incident light is theta, the polarization angle of the light passing through the half phase difference film is converted into 2 theta. For example, the absorption axes of the first polarizer 11 and the second polarizer 12 are both 0 °, the polarization angle of the light passing through the first polarizer 11 is 90 °, i.e., the angle between the polarized light and the optical axis of the second turning layer 62 is 90 ° -67.5 ° -22.5 °, so that the polarization angle of the light passing through the second turning layer 62 is changed from 90 ° to 45 °, and the angle between the optical axis of the first turning layer 6 and the absorption axis of the first polarizer 11 is 22.5 °, i.e., the angle between the polarized light passing through the second turning layer 62 and the optical axis of the first turning layer 6 is 45 ° -22.5 °, so that the polarization angle of the light passing through the first turning layer 6 is changed from 45 ° to 0 °, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting the polarization direction of the polarized light to be parallel to the direction of the absorption axis of the first polarizer 11.
Alternatively, the thickness of each of the first and second turning layers may be 10 μm to 200 μm.
It should be noted that, in addition to the steering layer, a single steering layer or two steering layers may be used, and three or more steering layers may be provided. The light deflection angle is deflected for multiple times through the multilayer turning layers, so that the angle error of light deflection is reduced, the condition of light leakage of the liquid crystal display panel is prevented, and the contrast of the liquid crystal display panel is ensured.
The second turn layer 62 and the phase adjustment layer 4 provided in this embodiment can be prepared by the following method.
First, fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a first state of preparing a phase adjustment layer according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 7, a black matrix layer 7 and different color resist layers 51, 52, and 53 are prepared on a substrate, and the different color resist layers correspond to different pixel regions, thereby forming a color filter substrate.
The black matrix layer 7 and the color resist layers 51, 52, and 53 are prepared by a conventional method, and this embodiment will not be described.
Secondly, as shown in fig. 7, a second turning layer 62 is prepared on the color filter substrate 5, where the second turning layer 62 is a half retardation film, and an included angle between an optical axis of the half retardation film and an absorption axis of the first polarizer 11 is 67.5 °. When the one-half retardation film is produced, Polyimide (PI) doped with a monomer having birefringence can be used as a material. The monomer with birefringence can be Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF). The preparation process may be to mix a monomer with birefringence into a PI material to form a mixed material, then form a PI layer on the color film substrate 5 by coating, and then align the PI layer by coating direction control or polarized light irradiation or other methods to control the optical axis direction of the half-retardation film.
Third, fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a second state of preparing a phase adjustment layer according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 8, a polymer liquid crystal layer including a liquid crystal material 45 and a functional group 44 of polyimide is coated on the half phase difference film. The liquid crystal material contains polymerizable chemical bonds at the first position of liquid crystal molecules, can be polymerized under the condition of shorter ultraviolet light (the main absorption of the material is less than 285nm), and simultaneously functional groups of polyimide in a polymer liquid crystal layer can be polymerized under the long-wavelength ultraviolet light (the main absorption peak of the material is more than 365 nm).
Fourth, fig. 9 is a schematic view of light reflection of a color film substrate according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 9, ultraviolet light with a wavelength of more than 365nm is used for carrying out first curing on the polymer liquid crystal layer; and then carrying out secondary curing on the polymer liquid crystal layer by using ultraviolet light with the wavelength of less than 285 nm. Since the difference in the reflection of ultraviolet light is that the reflection of blue material is greater than the reflection of green material than the reflection of red material, the degree of ultraviolet light concentration at the blue pixel region 53 is greater than the degree of ultraviolet light concentration at the green pixel region 52 than the degree of ultraviolet light concentration at the red pixel region 51 to form the phase adjustment layer 4 shown in fig. 10, the functional group 44 of cured polyimide in the region opposite to the blue pixel region 53 on the phase adjustment layer 4 is the most, the functional group 44 of cured polyimide in the region opposite to the green pixel region 52 on the phase adjustment layer 4 is the second, and the functional group 44 of cured polyimide in the region opposite to the red pixel region 51 on the phase adjustment layer 4 is the least. Further, due to the fluidity of the material, the liquid crystal material 45 is decreased at positions where the functional groups 44 of the polyimide are increased, and the retardation at the positions is decreased. Therefore, the phase difference value R0(Red) of the Red light passing through the phase adjusting layer 4 and the color film substrate is less than the phase difference value R0(Green) of the Green light is less than the phase difference value R0(Blue) of the Blue light. The phase difference of the light with different wavelengths is controlled to compensate the angle of light conversion of different wavelengths, so that the polarization directions of the light with different wavelengths are deflected by 90 degrees, and finally the light with different wavelengths is absorbed by the second polarizer, thereby preventing the liquid crystal display panel from light leakage and ensuring the contrast of the liquid crystal display panel.
And fifthly, coating transparent optical glue on the polymer liquid crystal layer and preparing a spacer layer.
Referring to fig. 11, a change of each layer structure of a liquid crystal display panel according to an embodiment of the present invention is described, where as shown in fig. 11, the liquid crystal display panel includes a first polarizer 11, an array substrate, a liquid crystal layer, a phase adjustment layer 4, a second turning layer 62, a color filter substrate 5, a first turning layer 61, and a second polarizer 12, which are sequentially stacked. Since the polarization direction of light does not change when passing through the array substrate and the liquid crystal layer, these layers are omitted in fig. 11.
First, when light is irradiated from the backlight to the first polarizer 11, the first polarizer 11 deflects the polarization direction of light passing through the first polarizer to a direction perpendicular to the absorption axis a. Then, the light passes through the array substrate and the liquid crystal layer in sequence, the polarization direction of the light is not changed, and when the light reaches the phase adjustment layer 4, the phase differences of the light passing through different areas of the phase adjustment layer 4 are different. The light then reaches the second turning layer 62, wherein the optical axis of the second turning layer 62 and therewith the polarization direction of the light make an angle α of 22.5 °, thus deflecting the polarization direction of the light passing through the second turning layer 62 by 45 °. Then, the light passes through the color filter substrate 5, and the light is filtered into light of different colors (as illustrated in R, G, B) through the color filter substrate 5, and the polarization direction of the light passing through the color filter substrate 5 is not changed. Next, R, G, B light passes through the first turning layer 61, and an included angle β between the optical axis of the first turning layer 61 and the polarization direction of R, G, B light at this time is 22.5 °, so that the polarization direction of the light passing through the first turning layer 61 is further deflected by 45 °, so that the polarization directions of the light are deflected by 90 ° together, and at this time, the polarization direction of R, G, B light is parallel to the absorption axis C of the second polarizer 12, so that R, G, B light is absorbed by the second polarizer 12, thereby preventing the liquid crystal display panel from light leakage, and ensuring the contrast of the liquid crystal display panel.
In this embodiment, the liquid crystal display panel provided in fig. 1 does not employ a phase adjustment layer and a turning layer, the absorption axis angles of the first polarizer and the second polarizer are 0 ° and 90 °, respectively, and the contrast of the liquid crystal display panel at a positive viewing angle is 1200: 1.
the liquid crystal display panel provided by fig. 2 adopts a single-layer turning layer, the absorption axis angles of the first polarizer and the second polarizer are both 0 °, the phase differences of the liquid crystal display panel under different wavelengths are completely the same, the red light is 275nm, the green light is 275nm, the blue light is 275nm, the included angle between the optical axis of the turning layer and the absorption axis of the first polarizer is 45 °, and the contrast of the liquid crystal display panel at the front view angle is 50: 1.
the liquid crystal display panel provided in fig. 3 employs a phase adjustment layer and two turning layers, the absorption axis angles of the first polarizer and the second polarizer are both 0 °, the phase difference of the liquid crystal display panel at different wavelengths is 265nm for blue light, 275nm for green light, 280nm for red light, and the contrast at the front viewing angle is 1000: 1.
it can be known from the comparison that the contrast of the liquid crystal display panel provided by the embodiment is already close to the contrast level of the conventional liquid crystal display panel, and the improvement effect on the problems of the liquid crystal display panel provided by fig. 2 is very good.
The embodiment of the invention provides a display device which comprises the liquid crystal display panel. Illustratively, the display device may be a mobile phone, a computer, a digital broadcast terminal, a game console, a tablet device, a personal digital assistant, and the like.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A liquid crystal display panel, comprising: a first polaroid (11), an array substrate (2), a liquid crystal layer (3), a phase adjusting layer (4), a color film substrate (5), a turning layer (6) and a second polaroid (12) which are sequentially laminated,
the absorption axis of the first polarizer (11) is parallel to the absorption axis of the second polarizer (12),
the color film substrate (5) is provided with pixel regions of multiple colors;
the phase adjustment layer (4) is configured to adjust a phase difference of light passing through the phase adjustment layer (4), so as to provide light with different phase differences for pixel areas of different colors in the color film substrate (5), and the larger the wavelength of the light filtered out by the pixel regions of different colors, the larger the phase difference of the light, the phase adjusting layer (4) comprises at least two polymer materials, the at least two polymeric materials including a first polymeric material (45) and a second polymeric material (44), the wavelength of the curing light of the first polymer material (45) is different from the wavelength of the curing light of the second polymer material (44), the thickness of each area on the phase adjusting layer (4) is the same, and the proportion of the at least two polymer materials in different areas of the phase adjusting layer (4) in the thickness of the phase adjusting layer (4) is different;
a turning layer (6) configured to turn the polarization direction of the light exiting from the phase adjustment layer (4) by 90 degrees.
2. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 1, wherein the phase adjustment layer (4) includes a first region (41) facing a red pixel region (51) of the color filter substrate (5), a second region (42) facing a green pixel region (52) of the color filter substrate (5), and a third region (43) facing a blue pixel region (53) of the color filter substrate (5), wherein a phase difference of light passing through the first region (41) is larger than a phase difference of light passing through the second region (42), and a phase difference of light passing through the second region (42) is larger than a phase difference of light passing through the third region (43).
3. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 1, wherein the first polymer material (45) is a liquid crystal material and the second polymer material (44) is a functional group of polyimide.
4. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 3, wherein the phase difference of light passing through the phase adjusting layer (4) is positively correlated with the thickness of the liquid crystal material in the phase adjusting layer (4) in the thickness direction of the phase adjusting layer (4).
5. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 3, wherein the curing light of the liquid crystal material is ultraviolet light having a wavelength of less than 285nm, and the curing light of the functional group of the polyimide is ultraviolet light having a wavelength of more than 365 nm.
6. The lcd panel of any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the turning layer (6) comprises a first turning layer (61), the first turning layer (61) is located between the color filter substrate (5) and the second polarizer (12), and the first turning layer (61) is configured to turn the polarization direction of light exiting from the color filter substrate (5) by 90 °; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
the turning layer (6) comprises a first turning layer (61) and a second turning layer (62), the first turning layer (61) is located between the color film substrate (5) and the second polarizer (12), the second turning layer (62) is located between the color film substrate (5) and the phase adjusting layer (4), the second turning layer (62) is configured to turn the polarization direction of light emitted from the phase adjusting layer (4) by a first angle, the first turning layer (61) is configured to turn the polarization direction of light emitted from the color film substrate (5) by a second angle, and the sum of the first angle and the second angle is 90 degrees.
7. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 6, wherein the first turning layer (61) is a half retardation film, and an angle between an optical axis of the first turning layer (61) and an absorption axis of the first polarizer (11) is 45 °; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
first turn to layer (61) with second turns to layer (62) and is half phase difference membrane, the optical axis of first turn to layer (61) with the contained angle between the absorption axis of first polaroid (11) is 22.5, the optical axis of second turn to layer (62) with the contained angle between the absorption axis of first polaroid (11) is 67.5.
8. The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 6, wherein the first turning layer (61) and the second turning layer (62) are made of a material comprising polyimide doped with a monomer having a birefringence characteristic.
9. A display device characterized by comprising the liquid crystal display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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