CN102777608B - Fluid flow control device - Google Patents
Fluid flow control device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102777608B CN102777608B CN201110347085.7A CN201110347085A CN102777608B CN 102777608 B CN102777608 B CN 102777608B CN 201110347085 A CN201110347085 A CN 201110347085A CN 102777608 B CN102777608 B CN 102777608B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- flow control
- fluid flow
- control device
- sleeve
- valve rod
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Abstract
The invention relates to a fluid flow control device, which comprises a body, a valve disc, a guide element and a valve stem component, wherein the body is provided with an inlet and an outlet; the valve disc is fixedly arranged in the body; the guide element is positioned between the inlet and the outlet and is fixedly arranged in the body, the guide element comprises a cylindrical wall, and the cylindrical wall is provided with an inner surface and an outer surface; and the valve stem component comprises a valve stem, a sleeve and a support, and the valve stem is arranged in the body in a sliding way; the sleeve is provided with a first end and a second end which is opposite to the first end, the first end is provided with an edge which is used for connecting with the inner surface of the guide element in a sliding and sealing way, the second end is used for being selectively arranged between a first position and a second position, the second end is connected with the valve disc in a sealing way in the first position, and the second end is separated from the valve disc in the second position; and the support is used for coupling the sleeve to the valve stem.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates generally to fluid flow control device, relates to particularly trim.
Background technique
A lot of industry need to be used for controlling hydrodynamic pressure and mobile modulating valve.Modulating valve adopts movably valve disc conventionally, and this valve disc is used for engage valve seat or separates with valve seat, flows thereby control by the fluid of valve.But traditional modulating valve with removable valve disc is subject to entrance pressure and back pressure to be applied to the impact of the pressure difference on valve disc conventionally.
A kind of known method that is applied to the impact of the pressure difference on valve disc for overcoming entrance pressure and back pressure is balance spool.As shown in Figure 1, modulating valve 1 comprises valve disc 2, valve seat 3, balance valve core element 4, entrance 5 and outlet 6.Balance valve core element 4 is designed to provide a kind of so desirable equilibrium relation: F
1+ F '
2=F '
1+ F
2, wherein F
1the power of entrance pressure action at the lower surface of balance valve core element 4, F '
1the power of entrance pressure action at the upper surface of valve disc 2, F
2the power that back pressure acts on the upper surface of balance valve core element 4, F '
2the power that back pressure acts on the lower surface of valve disc 2.This design needs extra balance valve core element.In addition,, in practical operation, entrance pressure and the back pressure of contiguous valve disc may change.Therefore the relation on above-mentioned formula left side and right side may depart from ideal relationship, thereby pressure difference can not be by complete equilibrium.
Summary of the invention
In one embodiment, the invention provides a kind of fluid flow control device.This fluid flow control device comprises: body, and this body has entrance and exit; Valve disc, this valve disc is fixedly mounted in this body; Induction element, this induction element between this entrance and this outlet, be fixedly mounted in this body, this induction element comprises cylindrical wall, this cylindrical wall has internal surface and outer surface; And valve rod assembly, comprising: valve rod, is slidably mounted in this body; Sleeve, this sleeve has first end and second end relative with this first end, this first end has the edge for engaging slidably and hermetically this internal surface of this induction element, this second end is used for alternatively setting between primary importance and the second place, in this primary importance, this second end engages this valve disc hermetically, and in this second place, this second end separates with this valve disc; And support, be configured to this sleeve to be coupled to this valve rod.
Basic ideas be reduce flow control component, bear the surperficial area of the power acting in moving direction.In the time using sleeve as flow control component, clean power on effect sleeve, in stem movement direction is very little.Therefore can save extra balance valve core element.In addition,, due to the area of outlet, entrance pressure change sensitivity has been lowered, the impact of outlet, entrance pressure change has also reduced.
The summary of the invention of the invention described above is not intended to describe each disclosed embodiment of the present invention or each implementation.Following detailed description and drawings more specifically example exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Brief description of the drawings
Only by example, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are more specifically described with reference to the following drawings hereinafter:
Fig. 1 shows the cross sectional view of the modulating valve of traditional employing balance valve core element;
Fig. 2 shows according to fluid flow control device of the present invention embodiment's cross sectional view, and this fluid flow control device is positioned at open position;
Fig. 3 shows the stereogram of the fluid flow control device of Fig. 2; And
Fig. 4 shows the cross sectional view of the fluid flow control device of Fig. 2, and this fluid flow control device is positioned at closed position,
In above-mentioned each accompanying drawing, similar reference character should be understood to represent identical, similar or corresponding feature or function.
Embodiment
In the specific descriptions of following preferred embodiment, with reference to the appended accompanying drawing that forms a part of the present invention.Appended accompanying drawing shows by way of example can realize specific embodiment of the present invention.The embodiment of example is not intended to limit according to all embodiments of the present invention.Be appreciated that not departing under the prerequisite of scope of the present invention, can utilize other embodiments, also can carry out the amendment of structural or logicality.Therefore, following specific descriptions are also nonrestrictive, and scope of the present invention is limited by appended claim.
In following specific descriptions, with reference to appended accompanying drawing.Accompanying drawing has formed a part of the present invention, shows by way of example in the accompanying drawings and can implement specific embodiment of the present invention.In this regard, the term of directivity, for example " left side ", " right side " " top ", " bottom ", 'fornt', 'back', " guiding ", " forward ", " delaying " etc., used with reference to the direction of describing in accompanying drawing.Therefore the parts of embodiments of the invention can be placed in multiple different direction, and the term of directivity is nonrestrictive for the object of example.Be appreciated that not departing under the prerequisite of scope of the present invention, can utilize other embodiments, also can carry out structural or logicality amendment.Therefore, following specific descriptions are also nonrestrictive, and scope of the present invention is limited by appended claim.
According in fluid flow control device of the present invention embodiment, this fluid flow control device comprises: body, and this body has entrance and exit; Valve disc, this valve disc is fixedly mounted in this body; Induction element, this induction element between this entrance and this outlet, be fixedly mounted in this body, this induction element comprises cylindrical wall, this cylindrical wall has internal surface and outer surface; And valve rod assembly, comprising: valve rod, is slidably mounted in this body; Sleeve, this sleeve has first end and second end relative with this first end, this first end has the edge for engaging slidably and hermetically this internal surface of this induction element, this second end is used for alternatively setting between primary importance and the second place, in this primary importance, this second end engages this valve disc hermetically, and in this second place, this second end separates with this valve disc; And support, be configured to this sleeve to be coupled to this valve rod.
Because the surface area that bears the power in moving direction that is positioned at of sleeve is less, the clean power on the sleeve being caused by entrance and exit pressure difference is smaller.Therefore the required balance valve core element of the modulating valve 1 shown in Fig. 1 can omit for this fluid flow control device.
The advantage that this fluid flow control device can be realized is that this device is insensitive to the entrance and exit pressure change of contiguous sleeve, because the clean power in the sleeve moving direction that this variation causes changes very little.That is to say, the impact of entrance and exit pressure change can be lowered or eliminate.
Each element of fluid flow control device can have multiple formation, and can couple mutually in many ways.The embodiment of fluid flow control device is described in connection with Fig. 2,3,4 hereinafter.
With reference to figure 2, fluid flow control device, by 10 marks of reference character, comprises the body 21 with entrance 31 and outlet 32, valve disc 22, and induction element 23 and valve rod assembly 24, this valve rod assembly 24 comprises valve rod 33, sleeve 34 and support 35.
Entrance 31 is communicated with outlet 32 via the gap between valve disc 22 and sleeve 34.Induction element 23 is placed and is fixed in the groove 25 on body 21.Induction element 23 comprises cylindrical wall, and this cylindrical wall has internal surface and outer surface.Body 21 is depicted as has the flange of coupling 38 and 39, installs for this fluid flow control device 10 being coupled to pipeline or other equipment of fluid system thereby can configure other.
Sleeve 34 is couple to valve rod 33 by support 35.Thereby valve rod 33 engages with valve actuator end thereon through valve gap 26 these valve rods, and this actuator is shown in Figure 2 for film actuator.
Specifically, with reference to figure 3, support 35 comprises base portion 41, and this base portion limiting hole 42 can pass and be fixed on wherein with the end that makes valve rod 33.In an example, the hole 42 of base portion 41 is that tool is threaded, threadably to engage valve rod 33.In another example, valve rod 33 is fixed to the hole 42 of base portion 41 by the mode of interference fit, and this process coordinates and can realize by for example shrinkage assembling.
As shown in Figure 3, support 35 also comprises multiple bend arms 43.The first portion that the plurality of bend arm 43 each comprise curved section, radially extend between base portion 41 and curved section and from the second portion of this curved section longitudinal extension, this second portion is configured to be coupled to sleeve 34 (will describe after a while).The first portion of each bend arm 43 has the first length, and this first length can be arranged so that the second portion of multiple bend arms 43 is circumferentially distributed in valve disc 22 around.The second portion of each bend arm 43 has the second length, and this second length can be to be substantially equal to the primary importance of the second end 45 of sleeve 34 to the distance of the second place.
Should be appreciated that support 35 can use multiple material, manufacture by multiple technologies.In an example, multiple arms 43 form by metal casting process with base portion 41.The material that is suitable for support 35 can comprise stainless steel, anodised aluminum alloy, titanium alloy etc.
The quantity that it is also understood that multiple bend arms 43 in figure is only exemplary.The bend arm 43 of other quantity, for example, three, four, six, is also applicable to.
It is also understood that support 35 can have other applicable structures.In an alternative, support 35 comprises base portion 41 (this base portion limiting hole is to allow one end of valve rod pass and be fixed on wherein), multiple arm 43 radially extending from base portion 41 and is substantially perpendicular to the plurality of arm 43 and the barrel of extending from the plurality of arm 43.
Because the stressed area in moving direction of the upper and lower surface of sleeve 34 and the first portion of multiple bend arm 43 is less, the clean power on valve rod assembly 24 of therefore acting on is less.Thereby fluid flow control device 10 is without balance valve core element.Because the first portion of multiple bend arms 43 is placed in back pressure, and this back pressure is relatively low and stable, and this valve rod assembly 24 is insensitive to pressure change.
Hereinafter, will coupling between sleeve 34 and support 35 be described.
Still, with reference to figure 2, sleeve 34 has annular flange flange 44, and the second end 45 that this flange is adjacent to sleeve 34 extends radially outwardly.The each of the plurality of bend arm 43 has recess at its radially inner side, for receiving the annular flange flange 44 of this sleeve 34.For coupling object, each end at contiguous sleeve 34 of the plurality of bend arm 43 has outside thread.Valve rod assembly 24 also comprises retainer 36, and this retainer comprises the female annulus of tool and the holding part extending radially inwardly from this annulus.The female annulus of tool of this retainer 36 is corresponding to the male end of the plurality of bend arm 43, thereby this retainer 36 can threadably be couple to support 35.After assembling, the annular flange flange 44 of this sleeve 34 is maintained between retainer 36 and multiple bend arm 43.In this way, sleeve 34 is coupled to valve rod 33, and can move together with valve rod 33.
Be in operation, valve rod 33 is activated by actuator and slides in valve.Result is, the edge of the first end of sleeve 34 engages the internal surface of induction element 23 slidably and hermetically, and the second end 45 of sleeve 34 moves between primary importance (as shown in Figure 4) and the second place (as shown in Figure 2) simultaneously.In primary importance, the second end 45 of sleeve 34 engages valve disc 22, thereby stops fluid to flow through this fluid flow control device 10.In the second place, the second end 45 of sleeve 34 separates or disengaging with valve disc 22, makes fluid flow through this fluid flow control device 10.
In order to lead and sealing purpose, induction element 23 can comprise guide element 51 and sealed member 52, as shown in Figure 2.This guide element 51 can be made up of teflon, and sealing parts 52 can be made up of rubber.
Should be appreciated that sleeve 34 can be couple to support 35 and be couple to thus valve rod 33 by any applicable mode.In an alternative, each end at contiguous sleeve 34 of multiple bend arms 43 has internal thread, thereby and sleeve 34 there is outside thread and threadably engage the plurality of bend arm 43.
As in Figure 2-4, fluid flow control device 10 also comprises coupled connection mechanism, and this coupled connection mechanism is configured to valve disc 22 to be couple to body 21.This coupled connection mechanism comprises diapire 37 and cylindrical sidewall 38.This diapire 37 is couple to regularly valve gap 26 and is couple to thus body 21, and these diapire 37 limiting holes 48 are to allow valve rod 33 to pass wherein.This cylindrical sidewall 38 is from diapire 37 longitudinal extensions and limit multiple grooves 39 to allow the plurality of bend arm 43 to extend through wherein.
In an example, this cylindrical sidewall 38 is that tool is female, for threadably engaging valve disc 22.In another example, this cylindrical sidewall 38 is fixed to valve disc 22 by interference fit.
Should be appreciated that coupled connection mechanism for fluid flow control device not necessarily.In an example, valve disc 22 has multiple ribs that extend radially outwardly.The end of each rib has screw thread, thereby makes valve disc 22 can be threadably fixed to the madial wall of valve body 21.Space between the plurality of rib makes multiple bend arms 43 to pass and to allow such operation: by fastening the plurality of bend arm 43, for example, be threaded, in sleeve 34.
As shown in the figure, sleeve 34 can have from it the ring edge 46 that protrude on surface, and valve disc 22 has annular groove 47, for engaging this ring edge 46.For sealing purpose, valve disc 22 can comprise metallic substrates and be attached to the elastic material of metallic substrates, for example rubber.Annular groove 47 is formed in elastic material.In the time of ring edge 46 engagement annular groove 47, this elastic material generation deformation.The tendency that elastic material returns to original-shape makes the ring edge 46 of this material fluid-tight engagement sleeve 34, produces thus sealing.In another example, valve disc 22 is all made up of teflon.
Fluid flow control device 10 can assemble by following steps:
First, use screw that coupled connection mechanism is assembled to valve gap;
Then, the hole 48 through coupled connection mechanism by one end of valve rod 33;
Then, support 35 is threaded onto to the end of valve rod 33;
Then, fixing valve disc 22 is to coupled connection mechanism;
Then, the annular flange flange of sleeve 34 44 is placed in the recess of multiple bend arms 43;
Then, retainer 36 is threaded onto to support 35;
Then, induction element 23 is fixed in body 21;
Then, the element assembling in the first six step is placed in body 21, and uses screw that valve gap is fixed to valve body 21.
Should be appreciated that above step instruction is exemplary, in an example, the 7th can complete at first.
Should be appreciated that only unrestricted the present invention for description of embodiment of foregoing description, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that and can the present invention be modified and is out of shape, as long as without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Above-mentioned amendment and distortion are considered to the scope of the present invention and claims.Protection scope of the present invention is limited by appended claim.In addition, any reference character in claim should not be understood to limitation of the present invention.Verb " comprises " and the element or the step that occur other beyond statement in claim are not got rid of in its distortion.Indefinite article " one " before element or step is not got rid of and is occurred multiple such elements or step.
Claims (11)
1. a fluid flow control device, comprising:
Body, described body has entrance and exit,
Valve disc, described valve disc is fixedly mounted in described body,
Induction element, described induction element between described entrance and described outlet, be fixedly mounted in described body, described induction element comprises cylindrical wall, described cylindrical wall has internal surface and outer surface, and
Valve rod assembly, described valve rod assembly comprises:
Valve rod, described valve rod is slidably mounted in described body,
Sleeve, described sleeve has first end and second end relative with described first end, described first end has the edge for engaging slidably and hermetically the described internal surface of described induction element, described the second end is used for alternatively setting between primary importance and the second place, in described primary importance, described the second end engages described valve disc hermetically, in the described second place, described the second end separates with described valve disc, and
Support, described support is configured to described sleeve to be coupled to described valve rod, described support comprises base portion and multiple bend arm, wherein, described base portion limiting hole passes and is fixed on wherein with the one end that allows described valve rod, the first portion that described multiple bend arms each comprise curved section, radially extend between described base portion and described curved section and from the second portion of described curved section longitudinal extension, described first portion has the first length, and described second portion has the second length and is configured to be couple to described sleeve.
2. fluid flow control device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the described hole of described base portion is threaded, for threadably engaging described valve rod.
3. fluid flow control device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described multiple bend arms and described base portion are one.
4. fluid flow control device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, each one end at contiguous described sleeve of described multiple bend arms has internal thread, and described sleeve has outside thread, for threadably engaging described multiple bend arm.
5. fluid flow control device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described sleeve has the annular flange flange of being close to described second end of described sleeve and extend radially outwardly, described multiple bend arms each has the recess that is positioned at its radially inner side, be used for receiving described annular flange flange, and each end at contiguous described sleeve of described multiple bend arms has outside thread, described valve rod assembly also comprises retainer, the holding part that described retainer comprises female annulus and extends radially inwardly from described annulus, thereby after the described valve rod assembly of assembling, described female annulus is threadably coupled to described multiple bend arm, and the described annular flange flange of described sleeve is maintained between described retainer and described multiple bend arm.
6. fluid flow control device according to claim 5, is characterized in that, fluid flow control device also comprises coupled connection mechanism, and described coupled connection mechanism is configured to described valve disc to be coupled to described body.
7. fluid flow control device according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described coupled connection mechanism comprises:
Diapire, described diapire is couple to the described body of described fluid flow control device regularly, described diapire limiting hole, to allow described valve rod through wherein, and
Cylindrical sidewall, described cylindrical sidewall is from described diapire longitudinal extension, and described cylindrical sidewall limits multiple grooves, to allow described multiple bend arm to extend through wherein.
8. fluid flow control device according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described cylindrical sidewall has internal thread, for threadably engaging described valve disc.
9. according to the fluid flow control device described in any one in claim 1-8, it is characterized in that, described sleeve has the ring edge protruding from the upper surface of described sleeve, and described valve disc has annular groove, for engaging described ring edge.
10. fluid flow control device according to claim 9, is characterized in that, described valve disc comprises metal base and be attached to the elastic material of described metal base, and described annular groove is formed in described elastic material.
11. fluid flow control devices according to claim 9, is characterized in that, described valve disc comprises teflon.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110347085.7A CN102777608B (en) | 2011-10-31 | 2011-10-31 | Fluid flow control device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110347085.7A CN102777608B (en) | 2011-10-31 | 2011-10-31 | Fluid flow control device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102777608A CN102777608A (en) | 2012-11-14 |
| CN102777608B true CN102777608B (en) | 2014-12-03 |
Family
ID=47122642
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201110347085.7A Active CN102777608B (en) | 2011-10-31 | 2011-10-31 | Fluid flow control device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN102777608B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11035486B2 (en) | 2018-04-17 | 2021-06-15 | T-Lon Products, Inc. | Spherical valve stem seat |
| US10612671B2 (en) | 2018-04-30 | 2020-04-07 | Dso Fluid Handling Co., Inc. | Valve stem with head covered by covering material and method of making valve stem |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB179649A (en) * | 1921-02-09 | 1922-05-09 | Benjamin Butler | Improvements in or connected with stop cocks or valves |
| GB431420A (en) * | 1934-03-19 | 1935-07-08 | John Dewrance | Improvements in or relating to valves |
| US4276906A (en) * | 1977-11-16 | 1981-07-07 | Katsumi Eguchi | Single-seat globe control valve |
| CN2536851Y (en) * | 2002-04-10 | 2003-02-19 | 王元清 | Valve cover drainage valve |
| CN2559840Y (en) * | 2002-07-31 | 2003-07-09 | 上海平安仪表阀门厂 | Assembling & disassembling super heated vapor evacuation valve |
| CN101709781A (en) * | 2009-12-14 | 2010-05-19 | 浙江大学 | Self-balancing non-rising stem stop valve with sleeve type valve core |
| CN202001646U (en) * | 2011-01-21 | 2011-10-05 | 杭州佳能阀门有限公司 | Cage type regulating valve with single seat |
| CN202418598U (en) * | 2011-10-31 | 2012-09-05 | 费希尔久安输配设备(成都)有限公司 | Control device for fluid flow |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7017608B2 (en) * | 2003-11-06 | 2006-03-28 | Invensys Building Systems, Inc. | Balanced globe valve |
-
2011
- 2011-10-31 CN CN201110347085.7A patent/CN102777608B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB179649A (en) * | 1921-02-09 | 1922-05-09 | Benjamin Butler | Improvements in or connected with stop cocks or valves |
| GB431420A (en) * | 1934-03-19 | 1935-07-08 | John Dewrance | Improvements in or relating to valves |
| US4276906A (en) * | 1977-11-16 | 1981-07-07 | Katsumi Eguchi | Single-seat globe control valve |
| CN2536851Y (en) * | 2002-04-10 | 2003-02-19 | 王元清 | Valve cover drainage valve |
| CN2559840Y (en) * | 2002-07-31 | 2003-07-09 | 上海平安仪表阀门厂 | Assembling & disassembling super heated vapor evacuation valve |
| CN101709781A (en) * | 2009-12-14 | 2010-05-19 | 浙江大学 | Self-balancing non-rising stem stop valve with sleeve type valve core |
| CN202001646U (en) * | 2011-01-21 | 2011-10-05 | 杭州佳能阀门有限公司 | Cage type regulating valve with single seat |
| CN202418598U (en) * | 2011-10-31 | 2012-09-05 | 费希尔久安输配设备(成都)有限公司 | Control device for fluid flow |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN102777608A (en) | 2012-11-14 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| KR102092807B1 (en) | Diaphragm valve with welded diaphragm seat carrier | |
| CN102235457B (en) | Buffer | |
| JP6098880B2 (en) | Fluid pressure cylinder | |
| JP2010533831A5 (en) | ||
| JP6347749B2 (en) | Check valve | |
| JP2012026544A (en) | Air-operated valve | |
| CN102777608B (en) | Fluid flow control device | |
| JP2019060488A5 (en) | ||
| US10428958B2 (en) | Valve with an alternating seat system | |
| CN202418598U (en) | Control device for fluid flow | |
| WO2014063616A1 (en) | Valve stem and valve core assembly and valve comprising assembly | |
| JP5982354B2 (en) | Fluid control valve | |
| RU2019139841A (en) | MODULAR VALVE GATE ASSEMBLY FOR APPLICATION IN A CONTROL VALVE FOR THE PROCESS | |
| CN105874248A (en) | Valve stem seal | |
| SA518400748B1 (en) | A method for assembling a valve and a valve | |
| CN202302514U (en) | Simple pipe joint | |
| EP3597932B1 (en) | Accumulator | |
| JP6529969B2 (en) | Valve configuration locked to pump | |
| EP2851602B1 (en) | Pressure vessel | |
| JP5854387B2 (en) | Fluid pressure cylinder | |
| JP2013253414A (en) | Drain plug device | |
| CA3031821C (en) | Shutoff seal for high temperature pressure balance valve and related methods | |
| RU2572032C2 (en) | Gate of wedge-gate valve | |
| JP6173175B2 (en) | Multiple piping | |
| JP2017089703A (en) | Piston mechanism |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |