CN102777213A - Air inlet and distribution device of engine and engine formed by same - Google Patents
Air inlet and distribution device of engine and engine formed by same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102777213A CN102777213A CN2011101206826A CN201110120682A CN102777213A CN 102777213 A CN102777213 A CN 102777213A CN 2011101206826 A CN2011101206826 A CN 2011101206826A CN 201110120682 A CN201110120682 A CN 201110120682A CN 102777213 A CN102777213 A CN 102777213A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- motor
- volume adjustment
- output shaft
- piston
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Abstract
Provided are an air inlet and distribution device of an engine and the engine formed by the same. The structure of the air inlet and distribution device of the gas-driven engine is that an air inlet pipeline (7) is communicated with an air distribution chamber (8) through an air inlet control valve (5), and the air distribution chamber (8) is communicated with an engine cylinder (27) through an air discharging control valve (10). The air inlet control valve (5) and the air discharging control valve (10) are driven by a valve driving mechanism. One or a plurality of kinds of a fuel nozzle (9), a spark plug (6) or an air distribution chamber volume regulating piston (11) are arranged on the inlet air distribution device, and the fuel nozzle (9), the spark plug (6) or the air distribution chamber volume regulating piston (11) are all arranged on the air distribution chamber (8). The gas-driven engine formed by the inlet air distribution device and provided with the air distribution chamber volume regulating piston (11) is adjustable in expanding ratio. The explosive engine formed by the air inlet and distribution device can improve thermal efficiency of fuel and can be adjusted in the expanding ratio, and the explosive engine formed by the air inlet and distribution device and provided with the air distribution chamber volume regulating piston can improve thermal efficiency of the fuel while being adjustable in the expanding ratio.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the air inlet distribution mode of decompressor, gas drive motor and the air inlet distribution mode and the burning mode of heating of explosive motor.
Background technique
The air inlet distribution mode of gas drive motor, positive-displacement expansion engine normally pressurized gas directly gets into cylinder through the air intake control valve door; The change of motor or decompressor air inflow is through the adjusting suction pressure, and realize at the open-interval length of adjusting suction valve or change inlet open phase angle.Be characterized in, the big or adjusting that realizes air inflow of energy loss difficulty or realize that the mechanism that its air inflow regulates is complicated comparatively when regulating air inflow, cost is high, can not realize that expansion ratio is adjustable.
The air inlet distribution mode of explosive motor and burning mode of heating normally air get into cylinder through intake valve; Air inlet distribution process is accomplished in compression in cylinder; Burning heating process is accomplished in the heating of fueling in intake process or in the compression process, and igniting simultaneously.The compression of gas and the acting of expanding are all carried out in same cylinder, and the compression ratio of motor and expansion ratio cannot be regulated.Because mechanism is comparatively complicated, cost is high, engine weight increases small amount of compression, the performance of firing chamber is not good or be unfavorable for that reason such as discharging does not formally come into operation basically than adjustable motor, only as research or show the model machine use.
The content of invention:
The technical problem that the present invention will solve
1. the expansion ratio of gas drive motor is regulated simply easily, reduce the energy loss that expansion ratio is regulated.
2. the compression ratio adjustment of explosive motor is oversimplified, practicability, the compression finishing temperature is controlled; Make the expansion ratio of motor adjustable, and can realize energy recovery; Improve the compression ratio and the expansion ratio of motor; Improve the efficient of motor fuel.
Technological scheme of the present invention
The method that the present invention adopts is that the pressurized gas that the single expansion stroke of motor is required is imported the gas distributing chamber of a sealing and in gas distributing chamber, accomplished fuel supply and burning heating process; And then, in the gas distributing chamber volume adjustment piston can be set with the input of the high temperature and high pressure gas in gas distributing chamber cylinder expansion acting.Thereby gas distributing chamber is provided with the volume that can change the pressurized gas of single expansion stroke through the actual volume size that changes volume adjustment position of piston adjusting gas distributing chamber of volume adjustment piston, regulates the expansion ratio of motor with this.The compression ratio of motor then can be regulated through changing the pressure that gets into the pressurized gas in the gas distributing chamber.When being used for decompressor or gas drive motor, then need in gas distributing chamber, not accomplish fuel supply and burning heating process, do work but directly the input of the gas in gas distributing chamber cylinder is expanded.Can be provided with in gas distributing chamber equally also that the volume adjustment piston is regulated the expansion ratio of motor or change the compression ratio of decompressor or gas drive motor through the supply gas pressure that changes pressurized gas.
The present invention includes the air inlet air distributing device of following motor and the motor that constitutes by air inlet air distributing device of the present invention.Because decompressor belongs to the motor of a kind of specific use in the gas drive motor, the gas drive motor in claims and this specification comprises decompressor.The gas drive explosive motor also belongs to a kind of in the gas drive motor.
One. about the technological scheme of the air inlet air distributing device of motor:
(seeing accompanying drawing)
The air inlet air distributing device of 1. 1 kinds of gas drive motors of scheme comprises: suction tude 7, air intake control valve door 5, gas distributing chamber 8, venting control valve 10, valve driving mechanism.
The air inlet air distributing device of 2. 1 kinds of gas drive self-combusting types of scheme explosive motor is characterized in that: in the gas distributing chamber 8 of the air inlet air distributing device of scheme 1 described motor, fuel nozzle 9 is set.
The air inlet air distributing device of 3. 1 kinds of gas drive Spark ignition types of scheme explosive motor is characterized in that: in the gas distributing chamber 8 of scheme 2 described air inlet air distributing devices, spark plug 6 is set.
The internal combustion type that 4. 1 kinds of gas drive expansion ratios of scheme are adjustable or the air inlet air distributing device of non-internal combustion engine comprise: gas distributing chamber's volume adjustment piston 11, the controlling device of volume adjustment piston and scheme 1 or scheme 2 or scheme 3 described air inlet air distributing devices; Its gas distributing chamber's volume adjustment piston 11 is arranged in the gas distributing chamber 8 of scheme 1 or scheme 2 or scheme 3 described air inlet air distributing devices, and the position of volume adjustment piston 11 is by the controlling device regulation and control of volume adjustment piston.
More than the structure of air inlet air distributing device of gas drive internal combustion type or non-internal combustion engine of several kinds of schemes be:
The working method of the air distributing device of the gas drive motor that is made up of the air inlet air distributing device of above several kinds of schemes is:
(like Fig. 1, Fig. 2, shown in Figure 5)
In the gas drive engine exhaust strokes process; Exhaust valve 13 is opened; Venting control valve 10 is in closed condition, and valve driving mechanism control air intake control valve door 5 is opened, and pressurized gas gets into gas distributing chamber 8 through air intake control valve door 5; After gas distributing chamber 8 was full of pressurized gas, valve driving mechanism control air intake control valve door 5 was closed.Engine exhaust port 13 is closed the final vacuum stroke and is finished, and motor gets into the residual air compression process and opens venting control valve 10 up to valve driving mechanism, and the motor expansion stroke begins, and this moment, cylinder 27 volumes were near minimum bit.After venting control valve 10 was opened, pressurized gas got into cylinder 27 and the acting of in cylinder 27, expanding, and opens up to exhaust valve 13, and working stroke finishes.Valve driving mechanism control venting control valve 10 before the motor working stroke closes on end or after working stroke finishes is closed.When exhaust stroke began, cylinder 27 volumes were near maximum.After exhaust stroke began, valve driving mechanism control air intake control valve door 5 was opened, and gas distributing chamber begins the inflation work of a new round again.Gas distributing chamber's volume adjustment mechanism of expansion ratio adjustable type engines comprises gas distributing chamber's volume adjustment piston 11 and volume adjustment piston controlling device.Gas distributing chamber's volume adjustment mechanism is regulated the size of gas distributing chamber's 8 actual volumes according to burden requirement in engine working process; Reach the purpose of the expansion ratio of regulating motor, also can regulate the power and the pressurized gas air inflow of regulating the entering motor of motor simultaneously through the size that changes gas distributing chamber's 8 actual volumes.
The working method of the air distributing device of the gas drive explosive motor that is made up of the air inlet air distributing device of above several kinds of schemes is: (like Fig. 3, Fig. 4, shown in Figure 5)
In the engine exhaust strokes process; Exhaust valve 13 is opened; Venting control valve 10 is in closed condition, and valve driving mechanism control air intake control valve door 5 is opened, and pressurized gas gets into gas distributing chamber 8 through air intake control valve door 5; After gas distributing chamber 8 was full of pressurized gas, valve driving mechanism control air intake control valve door 5 was closed.Before after venting control valve 10 is closed, opening; Fuel nozzle 9 is accomplished fuel and is sprayed; Spark-ignition engine is accomplished ignition procedure through spark plug 6, and the self-combusting type motor is then accomplished igniting through the fuel spontaneous manner, and in gas distributing chamber 8, accomplishes the burning heating process of pressurized gas and fuel.Fuel nozzle 9 can based on fuel characteristic demand or the arbitrary period of designing requirement before after venting control valve 10 is closed, opening accomplish fuel spray (as the self-combusting type motor then should air intake control valve door 5 is closed after, exit control valve 10 open accomplish the fuel injection before); Even can after venting control valve 10 is closed, open time period completion burner oil before by air intake control valve door 5, fuel is sprayed can be accomplished under lower jet pressure.The spark plug of the burner oil time of self-combusting type motor and spark-ignition engine 6 firing time should be after air intake control valve door 5 be closed; Venting control valve 10 is accomplished before opening, and guarantees that fuel has enough period of combustion in gas distributing chamber 8 before venting control valve 10 is opened.
Gas distributing chamber's volume adjustment mechanism of expansion ratio adjustable type internal combustion motor is made up of gas distributing chamber's volume adjustment piston 11 and volume adjustment piston controlling device.Gas distributing chamber's volume adjustment mechanism is regulated the size of gas distributing chamber's 8 actual volumes according to burden requirement in engine working process, thus the expansion ratio of regulating motor.Fuel is then pressed optimal air-fuel ratio by engine controller (like ECU) according to pressure, actual volume, the gas temperature of gas distributing chamber 8 and is supplied with through fuel nozzle 9.The rotating speed of motor or power can be realized through expansion ratio indirect regulation air inflow and the fuel feed of regulating motor.
The gas drive explosive motor also can use as gas drive motor or decompressor under the situation of fueling not.
Gas drive internal combustion type or non-internal combustion engine can be regulated the compression ratio of motor through the suction pressure that changes pressurized gas.Burning heating process in the valve timing diagram as shown in Figure 5 in addition is only applicable to the gas drive internal combustion engine, to non-internal combustion type gas drive motor then this process be merely gas distributing chamber and be in the sealing attitude, the heating of burning.
The air feed phase diagram of gas drive motor is as shown in Figure 5, and the opening and closing of each angle of port timing require as follows:
η-exhaust valve 13 angles of advanced opening.Exhaust valve 13 was opened before volume of cylinder arrives dominant bit usually.
θ-air intake control valve door 5 opening angles.Air intake control valve door 5 should be opened after venting control valve 10 is closed.
δ-air intake control valve door 5 is closed advance angle.Air intake control valve door 5 was closed before cylinder 27 volumes arrive minimum bit usually.Should guarantee that for internal combustion engine motor air intake control valve door 5 under the design maximum speed is closed to the gas of time period in enough gas distributing chamber that venting control valve 10 opens and accomplishes the heating process of burning with fuel.
λ-venting control valve 10 is closed the angle.Venting control valve 10 is closed can be before or after cylinder 27 volumes arrive dominant bit, even can advance to exhaust valve 13 and close venting control valve 10 before opening.
α-exhaust valve 13 early closes the angle.Exhaust valve 13 several angles before cylinder 27 volumes arrive minimum bit usually cuts out, and lets residual air in the cylinder 27 arrive pressurized before the minimum bit, makes residual air before the venting valve open, in the clearance of cylinder 27, produce suitable pressure.
β-venting control valve 10 opening angles.Venting control valve opening angle is located near the volume of cylinder minimum bit usually.
Valve driving mechanism:
Valve driving mechanism comprises following several types:
A. mechanical valve door drive mechanism, comprising: cam and the tappet coaxial, the valve driving mechanism that rocking arm etc. constitute with engine spindle; Pass through gear with engine spindle, belt, the valve driving mechanism that the camshaft of interlock such as chain and rocking arm etc. constitute; For example: overhead camshaft or OHV driving mode that motor is commonly used;
B. electricity-magnet valve door drive mechanism;
C. electricity-air valve driving mechanism;
D. electrohydraulic valve door drive mechanism;
E. other combined valve driving mechanism.
The controlling device of volume adjustment piston
The controlling device structure function of volume adjustment piston is following:
A. the formation of volume adjustment piston controlling device and the method for operation:
Volume adjustment piston controlling device can be divided into the closed loop control formula controlling device and direct controlling device of being with feedback means.
Directly controlling device can adopt the hand screw drive-type, and electricity-magnetic is made dynamic formula, and electricity-liquid is made dynamic formula, and electricity-gas is made the control or the kind of drive that dynamic formula etc. can directly drive the volume adjustment piston displacement.
The closed loop control formula controlling device of band feedback means comprises: feedback volume adjustment piston position parameter is or/and the feedback means of engine speed parameter, Control Parameter input device, parameter comparison device, volume adjustment piston displacement actuator.It is characterized in that: Control Parameter input device input Control Parameter is to the parameter comparison device and feedback means is input to the volume adjustment piston position parameter of parameter comparison device or/and engine speed parameter compares and control volume adjustment piston displacement actuator; Form closed loop control with this, the rotary speed parameter of volume adjustment position of piston or motor is conformed to the given parameter of input device.
Feedback means:
The feedback means of feedback volume adjustment piston position parameter or engine speed parameter is that speed feedback with volume adjustment position of piston or motor is to the parameter comparison device.Volume adjustment piston position parameter feedback means can adopt spring to feed back the displacement of volume adjustment piston with the mode of active force; Also can adopt displacement transducer etc.The feedback means of engine speed parameter can adopt centrifugal action power formula; Also can adopt tachogenerator etc.
The Control Parameter input device:
The effect of Control Parameter input device is to import a controlled quentity controlled variable to the parameter comparison device through foot treadle or Joystick, controls motor with this and keeps certain rotating speed or torque.The gas pedal or the throttle control hand lever on the diesel engine of the motor on the effect of Control Parameter input device and the automobile are identical, and it mainly acts on is that the expectation controlled quentity controlled variable is input to the parameter comparison device.
The parameter comparison device:
The parameter comparison device is with the signal of Control Parameter input device input and feeds back volume adjustment piston position parameter or/and volume adjustment piston displacement actuator is handled and contrast and output a control signal to the input signal of the feedback means of engine speed parameter.
Volume adjustment piston displacement actuator:
The effect of volume adjustment piston displacement actuator is the control signal that receives the parameter comparison device, and the piston displacement of control volume adjustment, changes the actual volume of gas distributing chamber.Volume adjustment piston displacement actuator can be the driving mechanism that automatically controlled-electromagnetic actuator, automatically controlled-hydraulic actuator, mechanical type actuator etc. can drive the volume adjustment piston displacement.
B. the controlling device of a mechanical type gas distributing chamber volume adjustment piston
(as shown in Figure 6)
The controlling device of a kind of mechanical type gas distributing chamber volume adjustment piston comprises: be arranged on the tooth bar 26 on the volume adjustment piston; Allow the left lateral ratchet 22 of volume adjustment piston left lateral; Allow the right lateral ratchet 25 of volume adjustment piston right lateral, ratchet driving lever 18, volume adjustment piston actuated spring 16; Control Parameter input device, volume adjustment piston position parameter or engine speed parameter feedback means.
It is characterized in that tooth bar 26 is arranged on the volume adjustment piston 11; Left lateral ratchet 22 and right lateral ratchet 25 directly make regulating piston 11 two-way mobile controlled with right lateral ratchet 25 with ratchet engaged and through wheel and rack 26 engagements are set on the ratchet with tooth bar engagement or left lateral ratchet 22; Input parameter contrast back control ratchet driving lever 18 by control input device and feedback means; Make the effect of left lateral ratchet 22 or 25 pairs of tooth bars of right lateral ratchet be in inefficacy or reset mode, the input and output parameter of volume adjustment piston 11 unidirectional to the left or to the right mobile change feedback means under the effect of making a concerted effort of gas distributing chamber's 8 air pressure and volume adjustment piston actuated spring 16 resetted up to the inefficacy ratchet when ratchet lost efficacy.Ratchet resets and is meant that single-pawl recovers normal unidirectional control function, the moving direction unidirectional movement that parts can only be allowed by single-pawl.Ratchet lost efficacy and was meant that single-pawl was inoperative, can not the limiting part motion.
Two. the engine technology scheme that constitutes by the air inlet air distributing device of above motor
Option A. a kind of gas drive internal combustion type or non-internal combustion engine are substituted the motor that constitutes behind intake and exhaust air distributing device and the burning heater of intake and exhaust air distributing device or existing piston formula explosive motor or rotor-type internal combustion engine of existing gas drive motor by the air inlet air distributing device of any one motor in exhaust air distributing device and the above-described several kinds of schemes.
The structure of the exhaust air distributing device of gas drive internal combustion type or non-internal combustion engine is identical with the structure of the exhaust air distributing device of the exhaust air distributing device of existing gas drive motor or existing four-stroke piston explosive motor or rotor-type internal combustion engine; Mainly by exhaust valve, formations such as valve actuating mechanism and exhaust duct.The port timing of the exhaust air distributing device of gas drive internal combustion type or non-internal combustion engine is as shown in Figure 5, and characteristics are: exhaust valve is in open mode for a long time in each volume of cylinder stroke from large to small.
The burning heater of existing piston formula explosive motor or rotor-type internal combustion engine refers to be arranged on the auxiliary device that fuel nozzle, spark plug that engine cylinder covers and the firing chamber of reserving etc. are beneficial to the burning heating.
Option b. a kind of motor that adapts to pluralities of fuel comprises the described gas drive motor of compressor and option A; Gas drive motor operation required pressurized gas provide by compressor, compressor can be the compressor of or interlock coaxial with the gas drive motor, also can be other explosive motor or electric motor driven compressor.Compressor can adopt single-stage or multistage compressor, the energy loss the when inter-stage of employing multistage compression can increase cooling unit with the minimizing compression, and chilling temperature between controlled stage compresses finishing temperature so that control simultaneously; The pressurized gas that the directly cooled compressed of employing single stage compression ends is with the Control work temperature; The temperature of the compression end of a period of pressurized gas can be regulated by different demanded fuels, be beneficial to the igniting and the burning heating of explosive motor.
Scheme C. explosive motor that improves fuel efficiency; Comprise the described gas drive motor of air cylinder and option A; The required pressurized gas of gas drive motor operation is provided by air cylinder; On air cylinder is given the pressurized gas connecting tube of gas drive motor air feed, increase heat exchanger, and motor is expanded hot gas that the acting back discharges through heat exchanger and the pressurized gas heat exchange of coming out from air cylinder, resupply the gas drive motor after the heat energy that makes pressurized gas absorb the gas that motor discharges heats up; Improve the burning heating properties that starts on the one hand, also can improve the efficient of fuel on the other hand.
Scheme D. electric regenerative motor comprises: the gas drive motor that compressor, clutch and option A are stated; It is characterized in that:, between gas drive engine output shaft and the main output shaft clutch is set at the compressor input shaft; The gas drive engine output shaft links to each other through clutch with main output shaft during proper functioning; During energy recovery, clutch breaks off being connected of gas drive engine output shaft and main output shaft, and makes and keep being connected of main output shaft and compressor input shaft, makes the energy of main output shaft import compressor, stores with the mode of pressurized gas.
Scheme E. compression ratio adjustable type engines comprises: in the compressor, multipole or buncher and the described gas drive motor of option A not with the motor of gas distributing chamber's volume adjustment mechanism; It is characterized in that: between the output shaft of gas drive motor and compressor input are defeated, be provided with multipole or buncher, the compression ratio that makes motor is that the supply gas pressure of gas drive motor can recently change through regulating engine output shaft and compressor input shaft rotational speed.
One kind of scheme F. compresses compression ratio, the two adjustable electric regenerative motors of expansion ratio, comprising: the motor of band gas distributing chamber volume adjustment mechanism in the gas drive motor that compressor, clutch, multipole or buncher and option A are stated; It is characterized in that: the output shaft at the adjustable gas drive motor of expansion ratio, between the input shaft of speed changer and the main output shaft clutch is set, transmission output shaft links to each other with the compressor input shaft; The gas drive engine output shaft links to each other through clutch with main output shaft during proper functioning; During energy recovery, clutch breaks off being connected of gas drive engine output shaft and main output shaft, and keeps being connected of input shaft of main output shaft and speed changer, makes the energy of main output shaft pass through speed changer and imports compressor, stores with the mode of pressurized gas.
Beneficial effect of the present invention
1. the expansion ratio that changes motor is convenient succinct
Because the change of the expansion ratio of motor can realize through the size that changes gas distributing chamber's actual volume, makes the expansion ratio of motor easy to adjust succinct, and can realize continuously adjustable.
2. can realize that compression ratio is adjustable
Because the compression of the gas of motor and expansion are carried out in difference cylinder; And compression cylinder and expansion cylinder can move with different rotating speed; Even compression process and inflation process can accomplish in incoherent two equipment mutually, realizes that therefore compression ratio adjustment is simple and convenient.
3. multipole compression can be adopted, the compression finishing temperature can be controlled
Because the compression of the gas of motor can be carried out in different cylinders with expanding, and therefore can adopt multipole compression, compression process is cold in can taking, and the characteristic demand that the compression finishing temperature can based on fuel is controlled.
4. can significantly improve the compression ratio of motor, improve the fuel efficiency of motor
Because the burning heating process of motor is accomplished in gas distributing chamber, is constant volume heating process, motor antiknock shake ability is strong; This external compression finishing temperature is controlled, and motor receives the influence of fuel knock characteristic little or not influenced by it, therefore can significantly improve compression ratio, improves the fuel efficiency of motor.
5. can realize energy recovery
Because the compression of motor and expanding is carried out in difference cylinder, can absorb energy through compressor and store with the mode of pressurized gas.As when being used for on-board engine, Brake Energy can be passed to the work of compressor input shaft Driven Compressor through gearbox and reclaim to realize brake energy.
6. same motor can adapt to different types of fuel
Because it is controlled that compression ratio and compression finishing temperature can realize, can regulate and control the compression ratio and compression finishing temperature of motor according to the characteristic of different fuel, to adapt to different types of fuel.
7. can make motor in the power output area of broad with optimal air-fuel ratio or near the state work of optimal air-fuel ratio because motor can be controlled fuel feed with optimal air-fuel ratio according to parameters such as the actual volume of gas distributing chamber, pressurized gas temperature, pressurized gas pressure; Simultaneously motor can be regulated the power of motor through the mode of regulating gas distributing chamber's actual volume size, so motor can be in the scope of broad satisfies the working condition requirement of various power with the working method of optimal air-fuel ratio.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1. the gas drive motor schematic representation that constitutes by the air inlet air distributing device of gas drive motor of the present invention
Fig. 2. the gas drive motor three-dimensional cutaway view that constitutes by the air inlet air distributing device of gas drive motor of the present invention
Fig. 3. the gas drive explosive motor schematic representation that constitutes by the air inlet air distributing device of gas drive motor of the present invention
Fig. 4. the gas drive explosive motor three-dimensional cutaway view that constitutes by the air inlet air distributing device of gas drive motor of the present invention
Fig. 5. the general valve timing diagram of various gas drive motors that constitutes by gas drive engine charge air distributing device of the present invention
Fig. 6. the three-dimensional cutaway view of the gas drive motor that constitutes by the air inlet air distributing device of a kind of volume adjustment piston controlling device with feedback means of the present invention
Diagram numbering title:
1-exhaust valve rocker arm 2-venting control valve rocking arm 3-camshaft
4-air intake control valve door Rocker arm 5-air intake control valve door 6-spark plug
The 7-admission line 8-9-of gas distributing chamber fuel nozzle
10-venting control valve 11-volume adjustment piston 12-exhaust duct
13-exhaust valve 14-cylinder block 15-piston
16-volume adjustment piston actuated spring 17-control actuator connecting rod 18-ratchet driving lever
19-ratchet driving lever rotating shaft 20-ratchet loading spring 21-piston position feedback spring
22-left lateral ratchet 23-ratchet rotating shaft 24-supporting frame
25-right lateral ratchet 26-tooth bar 27-cylinder
Engines distribution phase diagram all angles symbol description shown in Figure 5
η-exhaust valve angle of advanced opening θ-air intake control valve door opening angle
δ-air intake control valve door is closed advance angle λ-venting control valve and is closed the angle
α-exhaust valve early closes angle β-venting control valve opening angle
Embodiment
Preferred version 1: gas drive motor
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2: engine charge pipeline 7 communicates with gas distributing chamber 8 through air intake control valve door 5; Gas distributing chamber 8 communicates with cylinder 27 through venting control valve 10; Cylinder 27 communicates with exhaust duct 12 through exhaust valve 13, thereby the camshaft of Fig. 23 directly drives the switching that air intake control valve door Rocker arm 4, venting control valve rocking arm 2 and exhaust valve rocker arm 1 are controlled air intake control valve door 5, venting control valve 10 and exhaust valve 13.
The running valve timing diagram of this programme gas drive motor is as shown in Figure 5: in the exhaust process; Piston 15 is up, and exhaust valve 13 is in out the position, and venting control valve 10 is closed; Air intake control valve door 5 is opened; Pressurized gas gets into gas distributing chamber 8 through admission line 7, all closes up to air intake control valve door 5 and exhaust valve 13, and exhaust stroke and pressurized gas intake process finish.After exhaust stroke finished, piston 15 continued up, carried out the residual air compression, and to top dead center, the residual air compression process finishes up to piston 15 row.When near the top dead center that piston 15 walks to, venting control valve 10 is opened, and gets into expansion acting process.In the acting process, pressurized gas gets into cylinder 27 through venting control valve 10, and in cylinder 27, expands, and promotes piston 15 descending actings, opens up to exhaust valve 13, and the acting process finishes, and gets into exhaust process.So far, the gas drive motor is accomplished once circulation.Burning heating process in Fig. 5 phase diagram is that gas distributing chamber 8 is in the sealing attitude, the heating process of burning in this programme.Cylinder 27 volume minimum bit are at the top dead center of reciprocating engine middle finger piston 15, and cylinder 27 volume dominant bits are in the lower dead center of reciprocating engine middle finger piston 15.The expansion ratio of motor is that the ratio of actual volume of maximum volume and the gas distributing chamber 8 of cylinder 27 can be designed to any number between 10～30, also can design expansion ratio more greater or lesser than aforesaid value.
Preferred version 2: the adjustable gas drive explosive motor of expansion ratio
Like Fig. 3 and shown in Figure 4: engine charge pipeline 7 communicates with gas distributing chamber 8 through air intake control valve door 5; Gas distributing chamber 8 communicates with cylinder 27 through venting control valve 10; Cylinder 27 communicates with exhaust duct 12 through exhaust valve 13, thereby the camshaft of Fig. 43 directly drives the switching that air intake control valve door Rocker arm 4, venting control valve rocking arm 2 and exhaust valve rocker arm 1 are controlled air intake control valve door 5, venting control valve 10 and exhaust valve 13.Also be provided with fuel nozzle 9, spark plug 6 and gas distributing chamber's volume adjustment piston 11 in the gas distributing chamber 8.
The running valve timing diagram of this programme is as shown in Figure 5: in the exhaust process; Piston 15 is up, and exhaust valve 13 is in out the position, and venting control valve 10 is closed; Air intake control valve door 5 is opened; Pressurized gas gets into gas distributing chamber 8 through admission line 7, all closes up to air intake control valve door 5 and exhaust valve 13, and exhaust stroke and pressurized gas intake process finish.Fuel nozzle 9 can be after venting control valve 10 be closed; Arbitrary period before spark plug 6 igniting carries out fuel and sprays; Time period (being sealing attitude gas distributing chamber shown in Figure 5) before opening carries out if fuel injection time is chosen in air intake control valve door 5, then can under lower pressure, carry out fuel and spray.Spark plug 6 control valve 10 of should after air intake control valve door 5 is closed, exitting is lighted a fire before opening, and returns the pressurized gas air supply pipe to prevent high temperature compressed gas.After exhaust stroke finished, piston 15 continued up, carried out the residual air compression, and to top dead center, the residual air compression process finishes up to piston 15 row.When near the top dead center that piston 15 walks to, venting control valve 10 is opened, and gets into expansion acting process.In the acting process, get into cylinder 27 through the pressurized gas after the burning heating through venting control valve 10, and in cylinder 27, expand, promote piston 15 descending actings, open, get into exhaust process up to exhaust valve 13.So far, the gas drive explosive motor is accomplished once circulation.Volume adjustment piston 11 can be regulated the actual volume size of engines distribution chamber 8 according to the operation demand of motor, the rotating speed or the output power of starting with adjusting.The displacement of volume adjustment piston 11 is controlled by volume adjustment piston controlling device.The maximum expansion ratio of expansion ratio changable type motor is that the ratio of smallest effective volume of maximum volume and the variable gas distribution chamber 8 of cylinder 27 can be got any number between 12～60; Minimum expansion ratio is that the maximum volume of cylinder 27 and the maximum actual volume of variable gas distribution chamber 8 can be got any number between 6～15, also can design maximum expansion ratio and minimum expansion ratio more greater or lesser than aforesaid span.
Preferred version 3: the adjustable gas drive explosive motor of expansion ratio of band controlling device
As shown in Figure 6: engine charge pipeline 7 communicates with gas distributing chamber 8 through air intake control valve door 5; Gas distributing chamber 8 communicates with cylinder 27 through venting control valve 10; Cylinder 27 communicates with exhaust duct 12 through exhaust valve 13, thereby camshaft 3 directly drives the switching that air intake control valve door Rocker arm 4, venting control valve rocking arm 2 and exhaust valve rocker arm 1 are controlled air intake control valve door 5, venting control valve 10 and exhaust valve 13.Also be provided with fuel nozzle 9, spark plug 6 and gas distributing chamber's volume adjustment piston 11 in the gas distributing chamber 8; Gas distributing chamber's volume adjustment piston 11 is provided with tooth bar 26, allows the left lateral ratchet 22 of volume adjustment piston 11 left lateral, allows the right lateral ratchet 25 of volume adjustment piston right lateral; Left lateral ratchet 22 and right lateral ratchet 25 and tooth bar 26 engagements, left lateral ratchet 22 is stirred by ratchet driving lever 18 with right lateral ratchet 25; Ratchet driving lever 18 is controlled by the feedback spring 21 and the active force of control actuator connecting rod 17 jointly; One end of feedback spring 21 is connected on the tooth bar 26 of volume adjustment piston, and the other end is connected on the ratchet driving lever 18, and the active force of control actuator connecting rod 17 directly is carried on the ratchet driving lever 18.The active force of volume adjustment piston actuated spring 16 makes volume adjustment piston 11 move to the direction that gas distributing chamber's 8 volumes reduce, the size of active force can try to please long-pending regulating piston 11 receive pressurized gass in the gas distributing chamber 8 maximum force about 1/2.When the active force of control actuator connecting rod 17 during less than the active force of feedback spring 21; Ratchet driving lever 18 is stirred right lateral ratchet 25, makes right lateral ratchet 25 break away from engagement, and left lateral ratchet 22 keeps engagement; Volume adjustment piston 11 is under the effect of making a concerted effort of gas distributing chamber's 8 internal air pressures and volume adjustment piston actuated spring 16; To be moved to the left, the actual volume of gas distributing chamber 8 is diminished only, the active force of feedback spring 21 also progressively diminishes simultaneously; Up to the active force of control actuator connecting rod 17 and the force balance of feedback spring 21; Ratchet driving lever 18 is in meta, and left lateral ratchet 22 all keeps engagement with right lateral ratchet 25, and the position of volume adjustment piston 11 is no longer mobile.The active force of control actuator connecting rod 17 is during greater than the active force of feedback spring 21 power; Ratchet driving lever 18 is stirred left lateral ratchet 22, makes left lateral ratchet 22 break away from engagement, and right lateral ratchet 25 keeps engagement; Volume adjustment piston 11 pressurized gas in gas distributing chamber 8 is given under the effect of making a concerted effort of the active force of piston and the active force that piston actuated spring 16 is given piston; To move right, make the actual volume of gas distributing chamber 8 become big only, the active force of feedback spring 21 also progressively becomes big simultaneously; Up to the active force of control actuator connecting rod 17 and the force balance of feedback spring 21; Ratchet driving lever 18 is in meta, and left lateral ratchet 22 all keeps engagement with right lateral ratchet 25, and volume adjustment piston 11 positions are no longer mobile.The size of gas distributing chamber's 8 actual volumes is regulated by the size that control actuator connecting rod 17 acts on the power on the ratchet driving lever 18.The effect of control actuator is the manipulation force that controlled directly or indirectly by the user to give thorny driving lever 18 suitable.The control actuator is the equipment (for example: engine throttle control pedal or throttle control hand lever, its effect are to convert the fuel delivery demand to displacement size or pulling force size by control operator's requirement to control the oil-servicing facilities unit time and give the fuel delivery of motor) that operator's demand is converted to control signal.Thereby the control actuator of present embodiment can be to come the size of the power of regulating action on control actuator connecting rod 17 to regulate the actual volume size of gas distributing chamber 8 through the size of manual control spring force; One of its method is that the engine throttle control pedal is linked to each other with an end of spring, and the other end of spring is linked on the control actuator connecting rod 17; When pin was stepped on the gas control pedal, pedal displacement made spring receive pulling force, and acted on the thorny driving lever 18 through control actuator connecting rod 17.The control actuator can also be the pneumatic actuator of manual control or the electromagnetic actuator of hydraulic actuator and manual control etc.
In the present embodiment because the gas pressure pressure when engine exhaust in the gas distributing chamber 8 is low; It is higher that pressurized gas gets into gas distributing chamber 8 and pressurized gas gas pressure when gas distributing chamber's 8 internal combustion heating, lowly when high when making pressurized gass in the gas distributing chamber 8 act on the pressure on the volume adjustment piston 11 is cyclically-varying; Volume adjustment piston actuated spring 16 is carried in spring force on the volume adjustment piston 11, and gas distributing chamber's 8 interior gas pressures act on the power on the volume adjustment piston 11 in expand latter stage and the exhaust process greater than being in; Give the active force of volume adjustment piston 11 less than pressurized gass in the gas distributing chamber 8 in gas distributing chamber's 8 intake processes and the burning heating process; Make gas distributing chamber's 8 interior pressurized gass give the active force of volume adjustment piston 11 and the positive and negative periodic variation of making a concerted effort to be that volume adjustment piston actuated spring 16 is given the active force of volume adjustment piston 11, two-way mobile thereby control volume adjustment piston 11 has enough strength can drive volume adjustment piston 11 when not receiving the ratchet restriction.
Claims (10)
1. the air inlet air distributing device of a gas drive motor comprises: admission line (7), air intake control valve door (5), gas distributing chamber (8), venting control valve (10), valve driving mechanism; It is characterized in that: admission line (7) communicates with gas distributing chamber (8) through air intake control valve door (5); Gas distributing chamber (8) communicates with cylinder (27) through venting control valve (10), and the opening and closing of air intake control valve door (5) and venting control valve (10) are controlled by valve driving mechanism.
2. the air inlet air distributing device of a gas drive self-combusting type explosive motor is characterized in that: in the gas distributing chamber (8) of the air inlet air distributing device of the described motor of claim 1, fuel nozzle (9) is set.
3. the air inlet air distributing device of a gas drive Spark ignition type explosive motor is characterized in that: in the gas distributing chamber (8) of the described air inlet air distributing device of claim 2, spark plug (6) is set.
4. the adjustable internal combustion type of a gas drive expansion ratio or the air inlet air distributing device of non-internal combustion engine comprise: gas distributing chamber's volume adjustment piston (11), the controlling device of volume adjustment piston and claim 1,2 or 3 described air inlet air distributing devices; It is characterized in that: in the gas distributing chamber (8) of claim 1,2 or 3 described air inlet air distributing devices, volume adjustment piston (11) is set, the displacement of volume adjustment piston (11) is by the controlling device regulation and control of volume adjustment piston.
5. the air inlet air distributing device of motor as claimed in claim 4, the controlling device of its volume adjustment piston (11) comprising: be arranged on the tooth bar (26) on the volume adjustment piston, the left lateral ratchet (22) that allows volume adjustment piston (11) left lateral, the right lateral ratchet (25) that allows volume adjustment piston (11) right lateral, ratchet driving lever (18), volume piston actuated spring (16), Control Parameter input device, feedback regulation piston position parameter or/and the feedback means of engine speed parameter;
It is characterized in that: tooth bar (26) is arranged on the volume adjustment piston (11), and left lateral ratchet (22) and right lateral ratchet (25) directly or indirectly interact with tooth bar (26) and make regulating piston (11) two-way mobile controlled; Input parameter contrast back control ratchet driving lever (18) by control input device and feedback means rotates and stirs left lateral ratchet (22) or right lateral ratchet (25), makes left lateral ratchet (22) or right lateral ratchet (25) and the interaction of tooth bar (26) be in inefficacy or reset mode; The position of volume adjustment piston (11) unidirectional to the left or to the right mobile change volume adjustment piston (11) under the effect of making a concerted effort of gas distributing chamber's (8) air pressure and volume piston actuated spring (16) when ratchet lost efficacy, the input and output parameter that also changes feedback means simultaneously resets up to the inefficacy ratchet.
6. a gas drive motor comprises: exhaust air distributing device (12,13), the air inlet air distributing device of claim 1,2 or 3 described motors and rotator type or the piston internal-combustion engine that does not have intake and exhaust air distributing device and burning heater; It is characterized in that: by exhaust air distributing device (12,13) and claim 1, the alternative existing rotor-type internal combustion engine of air inlet air distributing device of 2 or 3 described motors or the intake and exhaust air distributing device and the burning heater of piston internal-combustion engine.
7. a gas drive expansion ratio adjustable type engines comprises: exhaust air distributing device (12,13), the air inlet air distributing device of the described motor of claim 4 and the rotator type or the piston internal-combustion engine that do not have intake and exhaust air distributing device and burning heater; It is characterized in that: the intake and exhaust air distributing device and the burning heater that substitute existing rotor-type internal combustion engine or piston internal-combustion engine by the air inlet air distributing device of exhaust air distributing device (12,13) and the described motor of claim 4.
8. an electric regenerative motor comprises: the described gas drive motor of compressor, clutch and claim 6; It is characterized in that:, between gas drive engine output shaft and the main output shaft clutch is set at the compressor input shaft; The gas drive engine output shaft links to each other through clutch with main output shaft during proper functioning; During energy recovery, clutch breaks off being connected of gas drive engine output shaft and main output shaft, and keeps being connected of main output shaft and compressor input shaft, and make energy pass through main output shaft and import compressor, and with the mode stored energy of pressurized gas.
9. a compression ratio adjustable type engines comprises: compressor, multipole or buncher and the described gas drive motor of claim 6; It is characterized in that: between the output shaft of gas drive motor and compressor input shaft, be provided with multipole or buncher, the compression ratio that makes motor is that the supply gas pressure of gas drive motor can recently change through regulating engine output shaft and compressor input shaft rotational speed.
10. a compression ratio, the two adjustable electric regenerative motors of expansion ratio comprise: compressor, clutch, multipole or buncher and the described gas drive motor of claim 7; It is characterized in that: between the input shaft of the output shaft of gas drive motor, speed changer and main output shaft, clutch is set, transmission output shaft links to each other with the compressor input shaft, and the gas drive engine output shaft links to each other through clutch with main output shaft during proper functioning; During energy recovery, clutch disconnection gas drive engine output shaft is connected with main output shaft, and makes main output shaft keep being connected with the input shaft of speed changer, and the energy that makes main output shaft is through speed changer input compressor, with the mode stored energy of pressurized gas.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011101206826A CN102777213A (en) | 2011-05-11 | 2011-05-11 | Air inlet and distribution device of engine and engine formed by same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011101206826A CN102777213A (en) | 2011-05-11 | 2011-05-11 | Air inlet and distribution device of engine and engine formed by same |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102777213A true CN102777213A (en) | 2012-11-14 |
Family
ID=47122302
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011101206826A Pending CN102777213A (en) | 2011-05-11 | 2011-05-11 | Air inlet and distribution device of engine and engine formed by same |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN102777213A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103217364A (en) * | 2013-03-06 | 2013-07-24 | 哈尔滨医科大学 | Diffusion pool for dynamically adjusting the effective volume |
| CN110346178A (en) * | 2019-06-17 | 2019-10-18 | 浙江省海洋水产研究所 | A kind of mud dredger peculiar to vessel and method of dredging |
| CN114506828A (en) * | 2022-01-19 | 2022-05-17 | 福建华清电子材料科技有限公司 | Low-cost aluminum nitride powder preparation process |
-
2011
- 2011-05-11 CN CN2011101206826A patent/CN102777213A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103217364A (en) * | 2013-03-06 | 2013-07-24 | 哈尔滨医科大学 | Diffusion pool for dynamically adjusting the effective volume |
| CN103217364B (en) * | 2013-03-06 | 2015-05-13 | 哈尔滨医科大学 | Diffusion pool for dynamically adjusting the effective volume |
| CN110346178A (en) * | 2019-06-17 | 2019-10-18 | 浙江省海洋水产研究所 | A kind of mud dredger peculiar to vessel and method of dredging |
| CN114506828A (en) * | 2022-01-19 | 2022-05-17 | 福建华清电子材料科技有限公司 | Low-cost aluminum nitride powder preparation process |
| CN114506828B (en) * | 2022-01-19 | 2024-02-27 | 福建华清电子材料科技有限公司 | Low-cost aluminum nitride powder preparation process |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US8028665B2 (en) | Selective compound engine | |
| CN100359144C (en) | Homogeneous charge compression ignition internal combustion engine that performs egr, and ignition timing control method for the engine | |
| CN100439680C (en) | Control apparatus and method for four-stroke premixed compression ignition internal combustion engine | |
| CN104040152A (en) | Method for shutting off and activating a cylinder of an internal combustion engine | |
| CN103328775B (en) | There is quartastroke engine and the method for VVT | |
| CN103061899B (en) | Internal combustion engine and charge exchange method for such internal combustion engine | |
| CN103939223A (en) | Starting device of spark-ignition multi-cylinder engine | |
| US20120255296A1 (en) | Air management system for air hybrid engine | |
| WO2008005918A2 (en) | Constant temperature internal combustion engine and method | |
| KR20120100700A (en) | Split cycle reciprocating piston engine | |
| CN101432511A (en) | External compression type two-stroke engine | |
| CN101092893A (en) | High pressurized miller cycle dynamo and control method | |
| GB2367859A (en) | Methods of operating i.c. engines having electrically controlled actuators for the inlet and/or exhaust valves | |
| WO2011055118A1 (en) | A two-stroke internal combustion engine with variable compression ratio and an exhaust port shutter and a method of operating such an engine | |
| WO2007058524A1 (en) | Internal combustion engine, vehicle and a method of operating them | |
| CN104246183B (en) | The control device of variable valve actuator for air | |
| CN202117715U (en) | Air-inlet and air-distribution device of engine and engine formed by same | |
| CN101796268A (en) | Piston engine | |
| US20050235953A1 (en) | Combustion engine including engine valve actuation system | |
| CN102777213A (en) | Air inlet and distribution device of engine and engine formed by same | |
| CN103266950A (en) | Oil water fuel composite exhaust gas powered two-stroke engine | |
| CN100470012C (en) | Mixed-power engine | |
| US8256390B1 (en) | Six-cycle internal combustion engine | |
| CN102913318A (en) | Turbo-charged engine | |
| CN112377347B (en) | Engine compressed air supply system, engine and engine control method |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C02 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application after publication (patent law 2001) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20121114 |