CN102769580A - Method and system for sending e-mails - Google Patents
Method and system for sending e-mails Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102769580A CN102769580A CN2011101158095A CN201110115809A CN102769580A CN 102769580 A CN102769580 A CN 102769580A CN 2011101158095 A CN2011101158095 A CN 2011101158095A CN 201110115809 A CN201110115809 A CN 201110115809A CN 102769580 A CN102769580 A CN 102769580A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- station system
- user
- web station
- send
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Information Transfer Between Computers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method and a system for sending e-mails. The method using a mail sending server of a website system to send e-mails to users of the website system includes: (1) determining mail sending time of all to-be-sent mails according to time zones or registration time of the users of the website system; (2) making mail sending strategies according to the determined mail sending time; and (3) sending e-mails according to the mail sending strategies. By the method and the system for sending e-mails, e-mail sending success rate can be increased while timeliness in sending of e-mails can be guaranteed.
Description
Technical field
The application relates to a kind of method and system of send Email, particularly a kind of method and system that can improve the send Email of success rate that Email sends and promptness.
Background technology
Email is a kind of modernized communication mode of realizing the transmission mutually and the information of reception through network.Because numerous advantages such as Email is pointed by force, cost, thereby it becomes one of most popular and the most frequently used function that arrives on the Internet.At present, a lot of enterprises and businessman utilize its web station system to send a large amount of Emails to its user every day according to service needed.
Usually, a kind of implementation that web station system sends bulk electronic mail is to utilize timer to start putting trigger sometime, disposable all mails is sent.And have nearly 2,000,000 subscribe to the user of business opportunity mails every day the website be example; According to this kind sending method; Mail is sent to user's mailbox in the website, and some bigger mail service merchants (like Hotmail, Gmail; Yahoo mail, 163.com etc.) mail server will be received up to more than 10 ten thousand envelope mails in the short period of time.So a large amount of mail datas cause the obstruction of network data easily when transmission through network, and strengthen the processing pressure of mail service merchant's mail server, cause losing of mail data easily.In addition, the mail service merchant can set the interception rule usually and filter to a large amount of mail data that receives; Though each mail service merchant's interception rule is different; But a Rule of judgment all can be arranged, if mail server receives the mail that is sent by same addresses of items of mail above some in a period of time exactly, these mails just are judged as spam probably so; Thereby utilize success rate that this kind send mode sends mail (promptly; Mail is sent to rate) lower, be generally 50%, even 20%.
Also use a kind of method of sending mail in regular turn at present according to a certain imposing a condition (like the lexicographic order of reception addresses of items of mail or the time order and function order of mail task generation), and the method for mechanically all mails being sent by certain quantity at times.Though these two kinds of methods can improve the success rate that mail sends; But these two kinds of methods can't guarantee that all the user can see up-to-date information in the very first time; That is, the user might just get the mail after e-mail messages loses efficacy, thereby made the promptness variation that mail sends.
Summary of the invention
In view of above-mentioned defective, the application's a purpose provides a kind of method and system of send Email, and it can improve the success rate that Email sends, and can also guarantee the promptness that Email sends simultaneously, that is, sent in good time.
To achieve these goals, the application provides a kind of method of send Email, and it utilizes the user send Email of the outgoing mail server of web station system to web station system, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) confirms the post time of all mails to be sent according to the user's of web station system information;
(2) formulate mail according to the post time of confirming and send strategy; And
(3) send tactful send Email according to the mail of formulating.
The application also provides a kind of system of send Email, and it utilizes the user send Email of the outgoing mail server of web station system to web station system, and this system comprises:
The transmitting time determination module is used for confirming according to the user's of web station system information the post time of all mails to be sent;
Send the policy development module, be used for formulating mail and send strategy according to the post time of confirming; And
Send the mail module, send tactful send Email according to the mail of formulating.
In this application, because mail is sent by timesharing, quantity forwarded is controlled, thereby improves the success rate that mail sends; Simultaneously, owing to send mail according to the residing time zone of user, thereby improved the promptness of mail reception, let the user receive up-to-date information in the very first time; In addition, when one batch the mail task of sending can't be accomplished, do not send the independent initial line journey of mail task and handle, can not influence the execution of main program like this, avoid because the situation that the problem of part mail causes most of mail to send.
The application comprises aforesaid a plurality of advantage.Certainly, arbitrary product of enforcement the application might not reach above-described all advantages simultaneously.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is exemplary to show the flow chart according to the method for the send Email of the application first embodiment;
Fig. 2 is exemplary to show the flow chart according to the method for the send Email of the application second embodiment;
The exemplary flow chart that shows the concrete steps of the step S1 among Fig. 1 of Fig. 3; And
Fig. 4 is exemplary to show the functional block diagram according to the system of the send Email of the application embodiment.
Embodiment
Below will describe method and system in detail with reference to accompanying drawing according to the application's send Email.
According to first embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, it is for describing the flow chart of the application to the method for user's send Email of web station system.The flow process of this send Email mainly comprises: confirm post time step S1, confirm the transmitting time of all mails to be sent; Formulate mail and send strategy step S2,, formulate the strategy that sends mail according to the transmitting time of determined mail; And send mail step S3, according to the tactful send Email of being formulated.
To specify the concrete steps of the flow process of above-mentioned send Email below with the form of an instance.
Step S1: confirm post time
Confirm the transmitting time of all mails to be sent according to the user's (that is the addressee of mail to be sent) of web station system information.Below with reference to Fig. 3 this is described in detail, wherein Fig. 3 is the flow chart that the concrete steps of the step S1 among Fig. 1 are shown.
At first, the user who judges web station system lands the employed IP of web station system address (step S11) the last time;
Then, can judgement determine the geographical location information at the user place of web station system according to this IP address, as: residing country, city or area (step S12).
If can determine geographical location information (that is, step S12 is for being), then confirm the geographical location information (step S13) in country, city or area and so on according to this IP address according to this IP address.
Otherwise,, then obtain user's country, city or area (step S13 ') through the log-on message that obtains the user if can't confirm country, city or the area that the user belongs to (that is, step S12 for not) according to the IP address.
Then, can judgement determine corresponding time zone (step S14) according to the residing geographical location information of user (as: country, city or area) that above-mentioned steps S13 or step S13 ' are obtained.
If can determine corresponding time zone (that is, among the step S14 for being), then determine the time zone (step S15) of correspondence according to this geographical location information according to this geographical location information.Afterwards, according to resulting time zone, confirm suitable post time (step S16).For example can confirm post time with following rule: the general job initiation time point that people in each time zone are started working every day for example will be corresponding to this time zone server time of 7 in the morning as post time as post time.
Above-mentioned steps S14 and S15 for example can realize through following mode: in database, create the tables of data that a correspondence has been preserved each country, city and area and corresponding time zone thereof in advance; When judging, all inquire about this tables of data at every turn; If can retrieve required result, then can obtain corresponding time zone according to the result who is retrieved.
Above-mentioned steps S16 for example can realize through following mode: in database, create the tables of data of a corresponding record time zone and corresponding transmitting time in advance, obtain corresponding post time through calling this tables of data.
Otherwise,, then obtain user's hour of log-on (step S15 ') if can't determine corresponding time zone (that is, among the step S14 for not) according to this geographical location information.Afterwards; Confirm post time (S16 ') according to this user's hour of log-on; The time of for example last hour time corresponding point of user's hour of log-on point being sent as each mail; Such as: the party A-subscriber is that registration in 9: 30 morning of on May 13rd, 2005 becomes the web station system member, confirms that then party A-subscriber's post time is 8: 30 every morning.
Modification as above-mentioned steps S1; Can omit step S11-S13 wherein; Directly obtain country, city or the area of user's registration through step S13 '; Thereby judge corresponding time zone, and calculate post time, be i.e. an execution in step S13 ', S14-S16 and S15 '-S16 ' according to time zone or user's hour of log-on.
As another modification of above-mentioned steps S1, can omit wherein step S11-S16 and S13 ', only carry out S15 ' and S16 ' calculates post time.
Step S2: formulate mail and send strategy
According to the transmitting time of determined each mail, formulate the strategy that sends mail.
According to an instance,, all mails to be sent are divided into a plurality of transmissions batch by transmitting time according to determined post time.For example; All mails to be sent that will send in the same time period are sent as one batch send; Such as: transmitting time is sent batch as one to the Email between the 00:59:59 point at server time 00:00:00 in morning point; Transmitting time is sent batch as one to the mail between the 01:59:59 point at server time 01:00:00 point, by that analogy.
Step S3: send mail
The strategy of being formulated according to above-mentioned steps S2 comes send Email.That is, at the Email of disposable transmission respective batch of each time period.
If the mail that is arranged in certain time period fails in this time period, to send completion, then stop the epicycle mail and send, uncompleted mail transmission task is saved in the table of not finishing the work the mail process of transmitting of a beginning new round.And uncompleted mail sends job order and plays another thread and handle.
Modification as first embodiment; Be judged as under the prerequisite that is at the step S14 of Fig. 3; Can omit step S16 and the step S2 among Fig. 1 among Fig. 3, that is, and after calculating the time zone; Needn't calculate post time and carry out batch processing, but can directly send mail according to the time zone according to post time.For example, as judge that the corresponding time zone of a certain mail to be sent is the Dong Yi district, then a bit send this mail in morning America eastern time; As judge that the corresponding time zone of a certain mail to be sent is the Dong Jiu district, then at this mail of 9 transmissions in morning America eastern time; As judge that the corresponding time zone of a certain mail to be sent is the Xi Yi district, then a bit send this mail in afternoon America eastern time.
According to second embodiment, as shown in Figure 2, it is for describing the flow chart of the application to another method of user's send Email of a plurality of web station systems.The flow process of this send Email mainly comprises: obtain e-mail messages step S1, obtain the information of all mails to be sent; Mail grouping step S2 carries out packet transaction according to the information of being obtained to all mails to be sent; Confirm post time step S3, confirm the transmitting time of every group of mail to be sent; Formulate mail and send strategy step S4,, formulate the strategy that sends mail according to the transmitting time of determined every group of mail; And send mail step S5, according to the tactful send Email of being formulated.
Step S1: obtain the e-mail messages step
At first utilize each sub-systems of web station system to generate mail transmission task; Obtain the information of all mails to be sent then according to the mail transmission task that generates; And above-mentioned information is saved in the e-mail messages table, above-mentioned information for example can comprise e-mail sending, mail reception side ID, mail reception side's addresses of items of mail, mail header, Mail Contents, annex etc.
Step S2: mail grouping step
Outgoing mail server is divided into one group mode with all mails that mail reception side ID is identical all mails to be sent is carried out packet transaction, so that all mails that received by the same user of web station system are as one group of mail to be sent.
Step S3: confirm post time
Confirm the transmitting time of every group of mail to be sent according to each user's information.Step 1 among this step and first embodiment is basic identical, does not repeat them here.
Step S4: formulate mail and send strategy
According to the transmitting time of determined every group of mail, formulate the strategy that sends mail.Step 2 among this step and first embodiment is basic identical, does not repeat them here.
Step S5: send mail
The strategy of being formulated according to above-mentioned steps S4 comes send Email.Step 3 among this step and first embodiment is basic identical, does not repeat them here.
Modification as second embodiment; Be judged as under the prerequisite that is at the step S14 of Fig. 3; Can omit step S16 and the step S4 among Fig. 2 among Fig. 3, that is, and after calculating the time zone; Needn't calculate post time and carry out batch processing, but can directly send mail according to the time zone according to post time.For example, as judge that a certain group of corresponding time zone of mail to be sent is the Dong Yi district, then a bit send and to organize mail in morning America eastern time; As judge that a certain group of corresponding time zone of mail to be sent is the Dong Jiu district, then 9 transmissions should be organized mail in morning America eastern time; As judge that a certain group of corresponding time zone of mail to be sent is the Xi Yi district, then a bit sending in afternoon America eastern time should the group mail.
It should be noted; The method of above-mentioned send Email is merely a kind of embodiment of the application; Those skilled in the art can carry out various modification according to actual conditions, for example, and for a plurality of users of same mail server; The mail that can at every turn only get some wherein divides into groups, or the like.
Method according to the application embodiment can realize through the treatment facility that utilizes known computer, server or any type.For example, computer is stored in the step that in instruction, program, software and the data in the storage medium of known memory, hard disk, removable hard disk, CD-ROM or other any type or combination in any are carried out said method through execution.
The exemplary functional block diagram that the system of the application's send Email is shown of Fig. 4, the system of the application's send Email is corresponding to the method for the send Email in the foregoing description.Referring to Fig. 4, the system of send Email comprises: the transmitting time determination module is used for the post time of confirming all mails to be sent according to the time zone or the hour of log-on at the user of web station system place; Send the policy development module, be used for formulating mail and send strategy according to the post time of confirming; And send the mail module, send tactful send Email according to the mail of formulating.
Can maybe can carry out any apparatus of the step of said method for computer system, server according to the system of the application embodiment.Module in the system (for example transmitting time determination module) etc. can be the assembly with corresponding function, logical circuit or other part of computer system, server.
Said transmitting time determination module is according to the time zone at the user place of web station system or the post time that hour of log-on is confirmed all mails to be sent.
The IP address of landing web station system the last time through the user who judges web station system obtains the time zone at the user place of web station system.
The time zone that country, city or the regional user who obtains web station system who registers through the user who obtains web station system belongs to.
Said system also comprises PHM packet handling module, and it is used for according to the information of mail to be sent all mails to be sent being carried out packet transaction, so that the same user's of web station system the mail of giving to be sent is classified as one group.
Said transmission policy development module is carried out batch processing as one batch mode to all mails to be sent with all mails that determined post time are in the same time period.
Equally with have nearly 2,000,000 subscribe to the user of business opportunity mails every day the website be example, utilize the application's the e-mail sending method and the success rate of system's send Email can remain on more than 80% basically, even reach more than 90%.
The application comprises one of a plurality of advantages that are described below or combination in any, but is not limited to these advantages:
In this application, Email is sent by timesharing, and quantity forwarded is under control like this, thereby can improve the success rate that mail sends;
Send mail according to residing time zone of user or hour of log-on, make the post time optimization, thereby improved the promptness of mail reception, let the user receive up-to-date information in the very first time;
In addition, when one batch the mail task of sending can't be accomplished, do not send the independent initial line journey of mail task and handle, can influence the execution of main program like this, avoid because the situation that the problem of part mail causes most of mail to send.
Certainly, arbitrary product of enforcement the application might not reach above-described all advantages simultaneously.
Although with the mode of exemplary embodiment the application is described in detail above; But the application's scope is not limited to the foregoing description; Those skilled in the art can carry out various improvement and modification to the application, and these all do not break away from the application's scope and design.
Claims (10)
1. the method for a send Email, it utilizes the user send Email of the outgoing mail server of web station system to web station system, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) post time of confirming all mails to be sent according to the time zone or the hour of log-on at the user of web station system place;
(2) formulate mail according to the post time of confirming and send strategy; And
(3) send tactful send Email according to the mail of formulating.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the IP address of landing web station system the last time through the user who judges web station system obtains the time zone at the user place of web station system.
3. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the time zone that country, city or the regional user who obtains web station system who registers through the user who obtains web station system belongs to.
4. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises before in said step (1): the information according to mail to be sent is carried out packet transaction to all mails to be sent, so that the same user's of web station system the mail of giving to be sent is classified as one group.
5. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said step (2) comprising: all mails determined post time is in the same time period carry out batch processing as one batch mode to all mails to be sent.
6. the system of a send Email, it utilizes the user send Email of the outgoing mail server of web station system to web station system, and this system comprises:
The transmitting time determination module is used for the post time of confirming all mails to be sent according to the time zone or the hour of log-on at the user of web station system place;
Send the policy development module, be used for formulating mail and send strategy according to the post time of confirming; And
Send the mail module, send tactful send Email according to the mail of formulating.
7. method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, the IP address of landing web station system the last time through the user who judges web station system obtains the time zone at the user place of web station system.
8. method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, the time zone that country, city or the regional user who obtains web station system who registers through the user who obtains web station system belongs to.
9. method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, also comprises: PHM packet handling module, it is used for according to the information of mail to be sent all mails to be sent being carried out packet transaction, so that the same user's of web station system the mail of giving to be sent is classified as one group.
10. method according to claim 6 is characterized in that, said transmission policy development module is carried out batch processing as one batch mode to all mails to be sent with all mails that determined post time are in the same time period.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011101158095A CN102769580A (en) | 2011-05-05 | 2011-05-05 | Method and system for sending e-mails |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011101158095A CN102769580A (en) | 2011-05-05 | 2011-05-05 | Method and system for sending e-mails |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102769580A true CN102769580A (en) | 2012-11-07 |
Family
ID=47096834
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011101158095A Pending CN102769580A (en) | 2011-05-05 | 2011-05-05 | Method and system for sending e-mails |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN102769580A (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103384219A (en) * | 2013-07-18 | 2013-11-06 | 新浪网技术(中国)有限公司 | E-mail sending method and system |
| CN104579924A (en) * | 2014-12-27 | 2015-04-29 | 北京奇虎科技有限公司 | Method for displaying email and email client |
| CN104579920A (en) * | 2014-12-27 | 2015-04-29 | 宁波江东恒冠信息技术有限公司 | Mail sending method and device |
| CN105450499A (en) * | 2014-08-15 | 2016-03-30 | 阿里巴巴集团控股有限公司 | Mail behavior feedback method and device |
| CN106973002A (en) * | 2016-01-13 | 2017-07-21 | 北京京东尚科信息技术有限公司 | E-mail sending method and device |
| CN108234277A (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2018-06-29 | 阿里巴巴集团控股有限公司 | A kind of mail transmission, the method and device of editor |
| CN114615228A (en) * | 2022-02-21 | 2022-06-10 | 深圳市世强元件网络有限公司 | E-mail pushing method and system |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20040122900A1 (en) * | 2002-12-20 | 2004-06-24 | Oblon, Spivak, Mcclelland, Maier & Neustadt, P.C. | System, method, and computer program product for sending electronic messages based on time zone information |
| CN1783851A (en) * | 2004-12-03 | 2006-06-07 | 国际商业机器公司 | An email transaction system and method |
| CN101505284A (en) * | 2008-11-12 | 2009-08-12 | 中国移动通信集团广东有限公司 | Intelligent information dynamic pushing method and system |
| CN101754125A (en) * | 2008-12-15 | 2010-06-23 | 康佳集团股份有限公司 | Method, system and mobile terminal for periodically sending information |
-
2011
- 2011-05-05 CN CN2011101158095A patent/CN102769580A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20040122900A1 (en) * | 2002-12-20 | 2004-06-24 | Oblon, Spivak, Mcclelland, Maier & Neustadt, P.C. | System, method, and computer program product for sending electronic messages based on time zone information |
| CN1783851A (en) * | 2004-12-03 | 2006-06-07 | 国际商业机器公司 | An email transaction system and method |
| CN101505284A (en) * | 2008-11-12 | 2009-08-12 | 中国移动通信集团广东有限公司 | Intelligent information dynamic pushing method and system |
| CN101754125A (en) * | 2008-12-15 | 2010-06-23 | 康佳集团股份有限公司 | Method, system and mobile terminal for periodically sending information |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 朱晓萍: "基于RSS技术的图书馆信息发布与订阅系统的设计与实现", 《CNKI》 * |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103384219A (en) * | 2013-07-18 | 2013-11-06 | 新浪网技术(中国)有限公司 | E-mail sending method and system |
| CN103384219B (en) * | 2013-07-18 | 2016-12-28 | 新浪网技术(中国)有限公司 | E-mail sending method and system |
| CN105450499A (en) * | 2014-08-15 | 2016-03-30 | 阿里巴巴集团控股有限公司 | Mail behavior feedback method and device |
| CN105450499B (en) * | 2014-08-15 | 2018-11-06 | 阿里巴巴集团控股有限公司 | A kind of mail behavior feedback method and device |
| CN104579924A (en) * | 2014-12-27 | 2015-04-29 | 北京奇虎科技有限公司 | Method for displaying email and email client |
| CN104579920A (en) * | 2014-12-27 | 2015-04-29 | 宁波江东恒冠信息技术有限公司 | Mail sending method and device |
| CN106973002A (en) * | 2016-01-13 | 2017-07-21 | 北京京东尚科信息技术有限公司 | E-mail sending method and device |
| CN106973002B (en) * | 2016-01-13 | 2021-11-02 | 北京京东尚科信息技术有限公司 | E-mail sending method and device |
| CN108234277A (en) * | 2016-12-21 | 2018-06-29 | 阿里巴巴集团控股有限公司 | A kind of mail transmission, the method and device of editor |
| CN114615228A (en) * | 2022-02-21 | 2022-06-10 | 深圳市世强元件网络有限公司 | E-mail pushing method and system |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN102769580A (en) | Method and system for sending e-mails | |
| US8452840B2 (en) | E-mail response time estimation on compose or send | |
| CN103854168B (en) | Isomery flow process is pending focuses on method and processing means | |
| EP2441222B1 (en) | System and method for integrating short message service messaging with contact center applications | |
| TWI479329B (en) | Method, article, and apparatus for automatic conversation techniques | |
| US7620690B1 (en) | Privacy control system for electronic communication | |
| US8849322B2 (en) | Systems and methods for sharing threaded conversations on mobile communications devices | |
| US8589494B2 (en) | Email forwarding tunnel capturing or tagging | |
| US8600965B2 (en) | System and method for observing communication behavior | |
| CN102821056B (en) | A kind of transmission method of instant communication message and equipment | |
| CN101785263A (en) | Method and apparatus for electronic mail filtering | |
| CN103491170B (en) | Email reaches the method and system of prompting message | |
| US20050177599A1 (en) | System and method for complying with anti-spam rules, laws, and regulations | |
| US20100312839A1 (en) | Instant Messaging Method and System | |
| AU2009299539B2 (en) | Electronic communication control | |
| CA2911989C (en) | Method, system and apparatus for dectecting instant message spam | |
| US20070233795A1 (en) | Managing messages between multiple wireless carriers using a relatively limited number of identifiers | |
| CN102426683A (en) | Email content reminding method and system of the same | |
| CN102387089B (en) | Method and server for transporting messages | |
| US20080183834A1 (en) | Method and system for dynamic reader-instigated categorization and distribution restriction on mailing list threads | |
| CN101119340A (en) | Receiving E-mail method, system and mail automatic receiving server | |
| CN105847131B (en) | E-mail sending method and system, outgoing mail server, mail reception server | |
| CN102291328A (en) | Multi-protocol supporting webpage-based third-party email account transmission and receiving method and system | |
| CN108712318A (en) | A method of enhancing mail delivery success rate | |
| CN109218162B (en) | Mail delivery method and device |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20121107 |
|
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: HK Ref legal event code: WD Ref document number: 1172749 Country of ref document: HK |