CN102758150A - High-yield-strength non-oriented electrical steel plate and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
High-yield-strength non-oriented electrical steel plate and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Disclosed are a high-yield-strength non-oriented electrical steel plate and a manufacturing method thereof. The manufacturing method includes that firstly, slabs are produced by preprocessing, smelting, vacuum refining and continuous casting of molten iron, and during the finish refining, molten steel is subjected to calcium treatment with CaSi cored wires, 0.5-2.0kg/t of steel is added, killing time of continuous cast molten steel is within 30 minutes, and the ratio of calcium to sulphur in the steel ranges from 1.5 to 2.8 after the calcium treatment; secondly, hot rolling, normalizing, acid pickling and cold rolling processes are performed, wherein rolling with 1-5 passes is performed in a rough rolling section of the hot rolling process, and the initial temperature of slabs is equal to or higher than 1000 DEG C while the rolling speed is equal to or higher than 9m/s in a finish rolling section of the hot rolling process; and thirdly, annealing and insulating coating processes are performed so that finished non-oriented electrical steel plates are obtained, wherein the temperature of a soaking section is controlled to be 800 DEG C-950 DEG C during continuous annealing, and the size of crystal grains of the electrical steel plates ranges from 20 micrometers to 90 micrometers. The quantity of alloy added in the steelmaking process can be reduced obviously so that expenses for alloy are saved greatly. The manufacturing method of the high-yield-strength non-oriented electrical steel plate has the advantages of convenience in operation, simplicity and convenience in control, low cost, control accuracy and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to non-oriented electromagnetic steel sheet and method of manufacture thereof, relate in particular to the non-oriented electromagnetic steel sheet and the method for manufacture thereof of high-yield strength.Specifically comprise: the non-metallic inclusion control techniques in the RH refining process in processing of molten steel calcium and the steel, slab heating and hot rolling roughing, finish rolling process control technology, and the continuous annealing of finished strip and finished product crystal grain control techniques.
Background technology
In recent years, Along with people's is to the pay attention to day by day of energy-saving and environmental protection, and all kinds of motors, compressor, generator etc. develop to small-sized, accurate, efficient direction just gradually.Accordingly, require as raw-material non-oriented electromagnetic steel sheet, when keeping high magnetic strength, low iron loss, also will have the favorable mechanical performance, higher yield strength especially is to satisfy the needs that terminal user's quality in kind and punching are processed simultaneously.In the actual production process, look the difference of user, mould, product, the ys of finished strip often requires to be higher than 270MPa, and the surrender of part steel grade finished strip is strong even require to be higher than 280MPa, and is included in technical protocol as manufacturer's delivery standard.
In order to obtain best electromagnetic performance, ys, adopt silicon, the aluminium element content that increases in the steel usually, improving intensity, the hardness of steel, and then improve the ys of steel; Simultaneously, adjust normalizing accordingly, connect and heat treatment mode such as to move back,, improve the electromagnetic performance of finished strip with effective promotion grain growth.But adopt this method, manufacturing cost that can extra increase steel, under the same process condition, adjustment silicon, aluminium element content are improper, also cause the belt steel rolling pattern not match easily, occur problems such as the limit is split, broken belt in the operation of rolling.
In addition; Along with the continuous reinforcement of refining unit degassing ability,, more harsh requirement has been proposed to solution strengthening constituent contents such as the C that influences finished product magnetic, N; Hoping that they can be stablized is controlled at 0.005% or following lower level, and this has also worsened the ys of steel to a great extent.
Research shows, utilizes the solution strengthening and the grain refining effect of part chemical element, can effectively improve the ys of non-oriented electromagnetic steel sheet:
1, constituent contents such as the C in the increase steel, N, P utilize its solution strengthening effect, improve the ys of non-oriented electromagnetic steel sheet.
2, constituent contents such as the Si in the increase steel, Mn utilize its solution strengthening effect, improve the ys of non-oriented electromagnetic steel sheet.
3, constituent contents such as the Cu in the increase steel, Cr, Ni utilize its solution strengthening effect, improve the ys of non-oriented electromagnetic steel sheet.
4, constituent contents such as the Nb in the increase steel, V, Ti, Zr utilize its grain refining effect, improve the ys of non-oriented electromagnetic steel sheet.
First method, owing to contain elemental gas such as C, N, the steelmaking process control accuracy is lower, improves the effect instability.In addition, when containing element such as higher C, N in the steel, also be easy to generate magnetic aging, worsen the electromagnetic performance of steel.And when containing higher P element in the steel, hinder the dark decarburization of molten steel easily, and it is cold short to cause being with steel to produce.
Second method has increased constituent content such as Si, Mn in the steel, can effectively reduce the iron loss of steel, but can worsen the magnetic strength of steel simultaneously.In addition, constituent contents such as the Si in the raising steel, Mn also cause the operation of rolling unstable easily.
The two kinds of methods in back have extraly increased constituent contents such as precious metal Cu, Cr, Ni, Nb, V, Ti, Zr in the steel, can significantly increase the manufacturing cost of steel, and the electromagnetic performance of power frequency magnetic field steel are also very poor.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of non-oriented electromagnetic steel sheet and method of manufacture thereof of high-yield strength; Can significantly reduce the alloy quantity of adding in the steelmaking process, save a large amount of alloy expenses, have easy to operate, control easy; With low cost, advantages such as accurate control.
Basic ideas of the present invention are; Adopt the non-metallic inclusion in the RH refining calcium processing controls steel; Adopt the inclusion in temperature, the rolling mode technology adjustment control steel to separate out; Thereby can be implemented under the lower annealing temperature, effectively control the grain-size of finished product band structure of steel, to obtain electromagnetic performance, finished strip that ys is good.Simultaneously, this method can also reduce the alloy quantity in the steelmaking process, have control easy, low production cost, the high property of control accuracy advantages of higher.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is:
In the RH refining smelting process, after steel liquid deoxidation, alloying, carry out the calcium processing operation.Utilize calcium handle in the vaporization of calcium, nonmetal inclusion species, quantity in the steel can be effectively controlled in and macrobead the CaO come-up, the removal that are mingled with.Molten steel after calcium is handled is very pure, and non-metallic inclusion is mainly oarse-grained CaO, AlN, and the grain-size of finished strip tissue is moderate, and electromagnetic performance, ys are good.
Particularly; The non-oriented electromagnetic steel sheet of high-yield strength; Its chemical component weight per-cent is: C≤0.005%, Si:0.1～2.6%, Mn:0.1～0.7%, P≤0.2%, S≤0.005%, Al:0.1～0.8%, N≤0.005%; Ca/S 1.5～2.8, and all the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities.
Further, also comprise among Sb and the Sn more than one, its overall control is 0.01～0.2%, by weight percentage.
In the design of the good non-oriented electromagnetic steel sheet of mechanical property of the present invention:
Below the C:0.005%.C is the element that hinders the finished product grain growth strongly, causes the iron loss of steel to increase and the generation magnetic aging easily, and brings difficulty for follow-up decarburization, therefore must be strict controlled in below 0.005%.
Si：0.1％～2.6％。Si can improve matrix resistivity, effectively reduces the iron loss of steel.When Si content is higher than 2.6% content, can significantly reduces the magnetic strength of steel, and cause rolling difficulty easily, not have the effect that reduces iron loss and be lower than at 0.1% o'clock.
Al：0.1％～0.8％。Al is the element that increases material resistance, is used for the deep deoxidation of electrical steel simultaneously.Therefore, be necessary to add the Al content more than 0.1%, and be higher than the Al content more than 0.8%, can cause the continuous casting difficulty, magnetic strength significantly reduces.In above-mentioned Al content span of control, suitably improve the Al content in the steel, help after hot rolling finishes, form the thick AlN of particle and be mingled with, be mingled with influence thereby alleviate AlN to the finished strip electromagnetic performance.Best Al content controlled target is 0.6%.
Mn：0.1％～0.7％。Mn combines with S to generate MnS, can effectively reduce the harm to magnetic, improves the electrical steel condition of surface simultaneously, reduces hot-short.Therefore, be necessary to add the Mn content more than 0.1%, and be higher than the Mn content more than 0.7%, destroy recrystallization texture easily, can significantly increase the manufacturing cost of steel again.
Below the P:0.2%.Phosphorus can improve the processibility of steel plate, makes cold-rolling of steel plate processibility deterioration on the contrary but surpass at 0.2% o'clock.
Below the S:0.005%.S content surpasses at 0.005% o'clock, and precipitate such as MnS will be increased greatly, hinders grain growth strongly, worsens the magnetic of steel.
Below the N:0.005%.N content surpasses at 0.005% o'clock, and precipitate such as AlN will be increased greatly, hinders grain growth strongly, worsens the electromagnetic performance of steel.
The method of manufacture of the non-oriented electromagnetic steel sheet of high-yield strength of the present invention, it comprises the steps:
1) after hot metal pretreatment, smelting, vacuum refinement, continuous casting casting, obtains slab by above-mentioned chemical ingredients; Wherein, Molten steel calcium is handled and is adopted the CaSi line to carry out in the refining process, and addition is 0.5～2.0kg/t steel, and the calm time of continuous casting molten steel is controlled in the 30min; After calcium was handled, the Ca/S in the steel was controlled at 1.5～2.8;
2) hot rolling, normalizing, pickling, cold rolling
The hot rolling rough rolling step adopts 1～5 passage to be rolled; The hot fine rolling stage, slab initial temperature >=1000 ℃, roll speed >=9m/s;
3) annealing, insulating coating obtain the finished product non-oriented electromagnetic steel sheet; Wherein, finished product non-oriented electromagnetic steel sheet soaking zone temperature is controlled at 800 ℃～950 ℃ during continuous annealing, and the grain-size of corresponding finished product non-oriented electromagnetic steel sheet is at 20～90 μ m.
Further, feed the CaSi LV in 200m/min.
Described CaSi line weight percent is: Ca>=27.5, Si>=50.0, C≤0.8Al≤2.4P≤0.04, S≤0.06, H
2O≤0.5
In addition, CaSi line addition means of the present invention is following:
The initial sulfur content of ladle/10
-4% 11-20 21-30 31-40
The CaSi line adds quantity/kg/t steel 0.5-0.9 0.9-1.4 1.4-2.0
Subsequently, slab behind hot rolling, normalizing, pickling, cold rolling, annealing and insulating coating, obtains the finished product non-oriented electromagnetic steel sheet successively.Wherein, the hot rolling rough rolling step adopts the 1-5 passage to be rolled; The hot fine rolling stage, slab initial temperature >=1000 ℃, roll speed >=9m/s; Adopt reverse cooling+U-shaped type of cooling; During continuous annealing; Finished strip soaking zone temperature is controlled at 800 ℃～950 ℃; Descend 30 ℃～50 ℃ with trade mark normal process, the grain-size of finished strip is at 20～90 μ m, and compares low 10～30 μ m with trade mark common process coil of strip; Accordingly, reach electromagnetic performance, all good effects of ys.
Refining RH smelting process, sulphur, intracellular calcium content change in the molten steel are as shown in Figure 1.
Innovation part of the present invention is:
1, guaranteeing that the finished product magnetic strength does not reduce and produces and stablize under the controlled prerequisite, improves the Al content in the Finished Steel as much as possible.Under the high Al content situation, after the abundant heating of slab process, the hot rolling, the AlN in the steel is mingled with solid solubility temperature and improves greatly, and AlN is mingled with solid solution capacity and significantly reduces; Simultaneously, after the hot rolling, in the band steel process of cooling, it is thick that the AlN that separates out is mingled with size, thereby avoided small-particle to be mingled with the remarkably influenced to the finished strip electromagnetic performance.In addition, suitably increase Al content in the steel, also help the resistivity that increases finished strip, further reduce the iron loss of finished strip.Best Al content controlled target is 0.6%.
2, calcium is extremely strong deoxidation, desulfurization element, has characteristics such as fusing point is low, vp height, so Xiang Gangzhong must strictness limit its interpolation speed when adding calcium constituent, evaporates before at deoxidation, desulphurization reaction avoiding.The present invention is based on practice result, wire-feeding velocity is limited in the 200m/min.In addition, during the calcium processing operation, also must strictness limit its interpolation quantity, to guarantee the control effect of steel inclusion.
Here the reason that Ca/S in the steel is limited is, Ca/S is low in the steel, and inclusion modification and poor removal effect are described, not having to have effect; Ca/S is high in the steel, explains that steel liquid deoxidation, sweetening effectiveness are good more, the molten steel high purity, and inclusion favourable in the steel is wayward.The control of Ca/S requires to depend primarily on S content in the steel.
3, hot rolling rough rolling step, slab adopt the 1-3 passage to be rolled, to reduce the course of hot rolling temperature drop; Simultaneously, improve the hot rolling deformation rate between the roughing passage, effectively broken thick column crystal improves finished product magnetic; In the hot fine rolling stage, slab initial temperature temperature is high more, helps the control of finishing temperature more, avoids thick MnS of hot rolling slab heating phase, AlN to be mixed in rolling back disperse and separates out, and adopts reverse cooling+U-shaped type of cooling, can improve this.
Origin of the present invention is exactly; Through improving the molten steel purity after calcium is handled; Harmless inclusion in the restriction steel, simultaneously through adjustment hot rolling draft, control course of hot rolling temperature etc.; Reach the purpose of the grain-size of effective control finished product annealing stage band steel, and then reach electromagnetic performance, all good effects of ys.For the non orientating silicon steel that satisfies above-mentioned control condition, during continuous annealing, finished strip soaking zone temperature descends 30 ℃～50 ℃ with trade mark normal process, the grain-size of corresponding finished strip with compare low 10～30 μ m with trade mark common process coil of strip.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the relation of Ca/S and surrender, tensile property.
Fig. 2, Fig. 3 are the metallographic structure of 1.3%Si-0.3%Al finished strip.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is further specified.
Molten iron, steel scrap are arranged in pairs or groups in proportion, through 300 tons of converter smeltings, carry out calcium after vacuum RH decarburization, deoxidation, the alloying and handle, and behind the degassing, continuous casting steel machine, obtain the strand that 170mm～250mm is thick, 800mm～1400mm is wide afterwards; Slab is through 1100～1200 ℃ * 2h heating; After the roughing of 1-3 passage, be rolled into the thick hot-rolled sheet of 2.0mm～2.8mm, then after 850～1000 ℃ of normalizing are handled; Carry out pickling, the thick cold-reduced sheet of cold rolling one-tenth 0.5mm; After after 750～1000 ℃ of anneal, the electromagnetism of test product coil of strip, mechanical property, detected result is seen table 1, table 2.
Table 1 unit: weight percent
| C | Si | Mn | P | S | Al | N | Ca/S | Fe | |
| Embodiment 1 | 0.001 | 0.87 | 0.52 | 0.16 | 0.0021 | 0.66 | 0.0022 | 2.23 | Surplus |
| Embodiment 2 | 0.001 | 0.89 | 0.52 | 0.16 | 0.0018 | 0.65 | 0.0026 | 1.87 | Surplus |
| Embodiment 3 | 0.002 | 1.39 | 0.29 | 0.02 | 0.0028 | 0.29 | 0.0026 | 1.96 | Surplus |
| Embodiment 4 | 0.001 | 1.98 | 0.24 | 0.01 | 0.0011 | 0.37 | 0.0022 | 2.73 | Surplus |
| Embodiment 5 | 0.002 | 2.11 | 0.26 | 0.01 | 0.0016 | 0.36 | 0.0019 | 2.06 | Surplus |
| Embodiment 6 | 0.002 | 1.50 | 0.31 | 0.19 | 0.0036 | 0.26 | 0.0011 | 1.79 | Surplus |
| Embodiment 7 | 0.001 | 1.49 | 0.30 | 0.21 | 0.0030 | 0.24 | 0.0017 | 2.36 | Surplus |
| Embodiment 8 | 0.002 | 1.48 | 0.29 | 0.18 | 0.0029 | 0.25 | 0.0016 | 2.21 | Surplus |
| Embodiment 9 | 0.001 | 1.52 | 0.32 | 0.20 | 0.0033 | 0.24 | 0.002 | 2.64 | Surplus |
| Embodiment 10 | 0.000 | 2.41 | 0.24 | 0.01 | 0.0028 | 0.29 | 0.001 | 2.04 | Surplus |
| Embodiment 11 | 0.003 | 1.52 | 0.27 | 0.02 | 0.0037 | 0.26 | 0.002 | 1.83 | Surplus |
| Embodiment 12 | 0.004 | 2.06 | 0.22 | 0.02 | 0.0022 | 0.24 | 0.003 | 1.54 | Surplus |
| Comparative example 1 | 0.001 | 0.83 | 0.52 | 0.02 | 0.0026 | 0.64 | 0.0017 | 0 | Surplus |
| Comparative example 2 | 0.002 | 0.86 | 0.53 | 0.02 | 0.0023 | 0.66 | 0.0013 | 0.41 | Surplus |
| Comparative example 3 | 0.001 | 0.84 | 0.48 | 0.01 | 0.0018 | 0.66 | 0.0020 | 1.46 | Surplus |
| Comparative example 4 | 0.002 | 1.34 | 0.26 | 0.02 | 0.0022 | 0.28 | 0.0019 | 0.83 | Surplus |
| Comparative example 5 | 0.002 | 1.50 | 0.30 | 0.23 | 0.0035 | 0.25 | 0.0018 | 0.38 | Surplus |
| Comparative example 6 | 0.001 | 1.49 | 0.30 | 0.19 | 0.0036 | 0.27 | 0.0011 | 0 | Surplus |
| Comparative example 7 | 0.001 | 2.02 | 0.28 | 0.02 | 0.0023 | 0.34 | 0.0021 | 1.21 | Surplus |
Table 2
Shown in table 1, table 2, the steel grade that the composition system is identical, Ca/S are lower than at 1.5 o'clock, and the ys of steel is improved not quite, and the magnetic of while steel is deterioration to some extent; And in span of control of the present invention, with the increase of Ca/S in the steel, the ys of steel begins to increase; More generally can improve 20-50MPa, when unit annealing was moved back by follow-up company, temperature can continue to reduce by 30 ℃～50 ℃; It is stable that the magnetic of finished strip can keep, and ys continues to rise.The metallographic structure of finished strip such as Fig. 2, (among the figure, the grain-size 47 μ m of comparative example common process, embodiment grain-size 31 μ m) shown in Figure 3.
The present invention handles through calcium and nonmetallic inclusionsin steel control; Adopt temperature, rolling mode control inclusion to separate out; Can be implemented under the lower annealing temperature; Effectively control finished product band crystalline grain of steel size, improve the ys of steel, the electromagnetic performance of steel has also obtained different improvement simultaneously.
(steel grade that is steel grade series A～D) is analyzed, is contrasted to four components system for table 1, table 2.Having only on the same group, the steel grade of branch system just has comparability.For example, grain-size, annealing temperature etc.
Data from table 1, table 2 can find out that under the branch system, with the increase of Ca/S in the steel, the ys of steel of the present invention begins to increase on the same group, and the ys of more conventional steel generally can improve 20～50MPa.When follow-up continuous annealing unit was annealed, temperature can continue to reduce by 30 ℃～50 ℃, and it is stable that the magnetic of finished strip can keep, and ys continues to rise.
For example, for steel grade A, among two embodiment (embodiment 1,2), annealing temperature and grain-size are respectively 870 ℃, 880 ℃ and 22 μ m, 26 μ m; In three comparative examples (comparative example 1～3), annealing temperature and grain-size are respectively 910 ℃, 910 ℃, 910 ℃ and 38 μ m, 41 μ m, 43 μ m.Compare with comparative example, the average annealing temperature of present embodiment, grain-size reduce by 35 ℃, 16.6 μ m respectively, and ys has improved 46.3MPa.
Claims (6)
1. the non-oriented electromagnetic steel sheet of high-yield strength; Its chemical component weight per-cent is: C≤0.005%, Si:0.1～2.6%, Mn:0.1～0.7%, P≤0.2%, S≤0.005%, Al:0.1～0.8%, N≤0.005%; Ca/S 1.5～2.8, and all the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities.
2. the non-oriented electromagnetic steel sheet of high-yield strength as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises among Sb and the Sn more than one, and its overall control is 0.01～0.2%, by weight percentage.
3. the method for manufacture of the non-oriented electromagnetic steel sheet of high-yield strength, it comprises the steps:
1) non-oriented electromagnetic steel sheet; Its chemical component weight per-cent is: C≤0.005%, Si:0.1～2.6%, Mn:0.1～0.7%, P≤0.2%, S≤0.005%, Al:0.1～0.8%, N≤0.005%, and all the other are Fe and unavoidable impurities; After hot metal pretreatment, smelting, vacuum refinement, continuous casting casting, obtain slab by above-mentioned chemical ingredients; Wherein, Molten steel calcium is handled and is adopted the CaSi line to carry out in the refining process, and addition is 0.5～2.0kg/t steel, and the calm time of continuous casting molten steel is controlled in the 30min; After calcium was handled, the Ca/S in the steel was controlled at 1.5～2.8;
2) hot rolling, normalizing, pickling, cold rolling
The hot rolling rough rolling step adopts 1～5 passage to be rolled; The hot fine rolling stage, slab initial temperature >=1000 ℃, roll speed >=9m/s;
3) annealing, insulating coating obtain the finished product non-oriented electromagnetic steel sheet; Wherein, finished product non-oriented electromagnetic steel sheet soaking zone temperature is controlled at 800 ℃～950 ℃ during continuous annealing, grain-size 20～90 μ m of finished product non-oriented electromagnetic steel sheet.
4. the method for manufacture of the non-oriented electromagnetic steel sheet of high-yield strength as claimed in claim 3,, it is characterized in that described non-oriented electromagnetic steel sheet composition also comprises among Sb and the Sn more than one, its overall control is 0.01～0.2%, by weight percentage.
5. the method for manufacture of the non-oriented electromagnetic steel sheet of high-yield strength as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, feeds the CaSi LV in 200m/min.
6. like the method for manufacture of the non-oriented electromagnetic steel sheet of claim 3 or 5 described high-yield strengths, it is characterized in that described CaSi line addition means is following:
The initial sulfur content 0.0011 of ladle～0.0020% 0.0021～0.0030% 0.0031～0.0040%
Addition (kg/t steel) 0.5～0.9 0.9～1.4 1.4～2.0.
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| CN110592460B (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2021-06-29 | 江苏省沙钢钢铁研究院有限公司 | Steelmaking method of non-oriented silicon steel |
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