CN102751733A - On-line three-phase load unbalance processing method suitable for low-voltage distribution network - Google Patents
On-line three-phase load unbalance processing method suitable for low-voltage distribution network Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种适用于低压配电网的在线治理三相负荷不平衡方法，包括步骤为：配电变压器低压侧三相负荷监测单元监测三相负荷大小，并将监测数据传给配电变压器三相负荷不平衡度监测单元；配电变压器三相负荷不平衡度监测单元判断三相负荷不平衡度是否超过标准值，若超过标准值则通过通信单元将信号传给在线负荷调相控制单元；在线负荷调相控制单元判断配电变压器三相负荷不平衡度是否由低压主干线路三相负荷不平衡度引起，若是则根据低压主干线路三相各分支负荷监测单元的监测数据定制在线负荷调相策略，由在线负荷调相判断控制单元对在线负荷调相切换开关组合单元发出控制命令，对用户分支负荷相别切换，实现在线治理三相负荷不平衡。
The present invention provides an on-line method for controlling unbalanced three-phase loads applicable to low-voltage distribution networks, comprising the following steps: a three-phase load monitoring unit on the low-voltage side of a distribution transformer monitors the size of the three-phase loads, and transmits the monitoring data to the distribution transformer The three-phase load unbalance monitoring unit; the distribution transformer three-phase load unbalance monitoring unit judges whether the three-phase load unbalance exceeds the standard value, and if it exceeds the standard value, the signal is sent to the online load phase modulation control unit through the communication unit ; The online load phase regulation control unit judges whether the three-phase load imbalance of the distribution transformer is caused by the three-phase load imbalance of the low-voltage trunk line, and if so, customizes the online load regulation according to the monitoring data of the three-phase branch load monitoring units of the low-voltage trunk line Phase strategy, the online load phase modulation judgment control unit sends a control command to the online load phase modulation switching switch combination unit, and switches the user branch loads in phases to realize online management of three-phase load imbalance.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及电力系统领域，具体涉及一种适用于低压配电网的在线治理三相负荷不平衡方法。The invention relates to the field of power systems, in particular to an on-line method for controlling three-phase load unbalance in a low-voltage distribution network.
背景技术 Background technique
某些地区配电台区低压线路较长，且存在大量的单相负荷，配电台区三相负荷不平衡现象普遍，三相电流不相等使中性线上存在不平衡电流，造成配电变压器和低压线路损耗增加，配电变压器实际出力降低，并容易造成重负荷相上的用户电压偏低，无法满足农村居民的正常生产与生活用电需求。通过采用三相不平衡管理措施尽管在一定程度上能够降低配电台区三相负荷不平衡的严重程度，但由于用电负荷的随机性和不确定性，而三相负荷不平衡情况的发生具有较强的实时性，依靠人工无法根据实际负荷不平衡状况进行在线频繁调整，且在一定程度上存在安全隐患，离线调整低压线路各相上的负荷分配就会不可避免地影响对用户的供电可靠性。目前部分农村地区采用在配变低压侧进行相间无功补偿的方式调整三相负荷不平衡状况，但该方式只能在一定程度上调整配变自身问题，而不能够解决低压线路的三相负荷不平衡情况。本方法的提出可以有效解决农村低压配电网三相负荷不平衡问题，能够实现实时调整低压主干线路的三相负荷分配，使主干线路及配变自身A、B、C三相上的负荷尽可能达到平衡，将农村低压配电网三相负荷不平衡度控制在合格范围内。In some areas, the low-voltage lines in the distribution station area are long, and there are a large number of single-phase loads. The unbalanced three-phase load in the distribution station area is common. The loss of transformers and low-voltage lines increases, the actual output of distribution transformers decreases, and it is easy to cause low voltage for users on heavy-duty phases, which cannot meet the normal production and living electricity needs of rural residents. Although the three-phase unbalanced management measures can reduce the severity of the unbalanced three-phase load in the distribution area to a certain extent, due to the randomness and uncertainty of the power load, the unbalanced three-phase load occurs It has strong real-time performance, and it cannot be adjusted frequently online according to the actual load imbalance by manual work, and there are safety hazards to a certain extent. Offline adjustment of the load distribution on each phase of the low-voltage line will inevitably affect the power supply to users reliability. At present, some rural areas adopt the method of phase-to-phase reactive power compensation on the low-voltage side of the distribution transformer to adjust the unbalanced three-phase load, but this method can only adjust the problem of the distribution transformer itself to a certain extent, but cannot solve the three-phase load of the low-voltage line unbalanced situation. The proposal of this method can effectively solve the problem of unbalanced three-phase load in the rural low-voltage distribution network, and can realize real-time adjustment of the three-phase load distribution of the low-voltage main line, so that the load on the main line and the three phases A, B, and C of the distribution transformer itself can be maximized. It is possible to achieve balance and control the three-phase load imbalance of the rural low-voltage distribution network within the qualified range.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
针对现有技术的不足，本发明提供一种适用于低压配电网的在线治理三相负荷不平衡方法，提供配变低压侧监测点与低压主干枢纽分支监测点间的数据通信，实时判定配变低压侧三相负荷不平衡情况和低压主干线各相分支负荷大小，并实时在线负荷调相，达到治理低压配电网三相负荷不平衡的目的，有效降低低压线损，改善供电电压质量。Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides an online three-phase load unbalance method suitable for low-voltage distribution network, which provides data communication between the low-voltage side monitoring point of the distribution transformer and the low-voltage main hub branch monitoring point, and determines the distribution status in real time. Change the unbalanced three-phase load on the low-voltage side and the branch load of each phase of the low-voltage main line, and adjust the load phase online in real time to achieve the purpose of controlling the unbalanced three-phase load of the low-voltage distribution network, effectively reduce the low-voltage line loss, and improve the quality of power supply voltage .
本发明提供的一种适用于低压配电网的在线治理三相负荷不平衡方法，其改进之处在于，所述方法包括如下步骤：The present invention provides an online method for controlling three-phase load unbalance suitable for low-voltage distribution networks. The improvement is that the method includes the following steps:
（1）配电变压器低压侧三相负荷监测单元监测三相负荷大小，并将监测数据传给配电变压器三相负荷不平衡度监测单元；(1) The three-phase load monitoring unit on the low-voltage side of the distribution transformer monitors the size of the three-phase load, and transmits the monitoring data to the three-phase load unbalance monitoring unit of the distribution transformer;
（2）所述配电变压器三相负荷不平衡度监测单元判断三相负荷不平衡度是否超过标准值，若超过标准值则通过下行通信单元I和上行通信单元II将信号传给在线负荷调相控制单元，否则返回步骤（1）；(2) The distribution transformer three-phase load unbalance monitoring unit judges whether the three-phase load unbalance exceeds the standard value, and if it exceeds the standard value, the signal is sent to the online load regulator through the downlink communication unit I and uplink communication unit II phase control unit, otherwise return to step (1);
（3）所述在线负荷调相控制单元判断配电变压器三相负荷不平衡度是否由低压主干线路三相负荷不平衡度引起，若是则根据低压主干线路三相各分支负荷监测单元的监测数据定制在线负荷调相策略，由在线负荷调相判断控制单元对在线负荷调相切换开关组合单元发出控制命令，否则以同样方法步骤依次分析判断配电变压器的其他低压主干线路三相各分支负荷是否存在三相负荷不平衡情况；(3) The online load phase modulation control unit judges whether the three-phase load imbalance of the distribution transformer is caused by the three-phase load imbalance of the low-voltage main line, and if so, according to the monitoring data of the three-phase branch load monitoring unit of the low-voltage main line To customize the online load phase modulation strategy, the online load phase modulation judgment control unit sends a control command to the online load phase modulation switch combination unit, otherwise, the same method is used to analyze and judge whether the three-phase branch loads of other low-voltage main lines of the distribution transformer are There is a three-phase load imbalance;
（4）所述在线负荷调相切换开关组合单元根据所述控制命令对用户分支负荷相别切换，实现在线治理三相负荷不平衡。(4) The online load phase modulation switching switch combination unit switches the user branch loads according to the control command, so as to realize online management of unbalanced three-phase loads.
其中，低压主干线路三相各分支负荷通过所述在线负荷调相切换开关组合单元与主干线的各相线连接；所述在线负荷调相控制单元以配电变压器低压侧三相负荷和低压主干线三相负荷平衡为目标，控制三相各分支负荷连接到相应的相线，实现负荷重新分配。Among them, the three-phase branch loads of the low-voltage main line are connected to each phase line of the main line through the online load phase modulation switch combination unit; the online load phase modulation control unit is based on the distribution transformer low-voltage side three-phase The three-phase load balance of the main line is the goal, and the loads of each branch of the three-phase are controlled to be connected to the corresponding phase lines to realize load redistribution.
其中，所述配电变压器低压侧三相负荷监测单元监测的实时数据通过上行通信单元I传给信息管理系统。Wherein, the real-time data monitored by the three-phase load monitoring unit on the low-voltage side of the distribution transformer is transmitted to the information management system through the uplink communication unit 1.
其中，步骤（2）所述标准值是根据行业标准SD292《架空配电线路及设备运行规程》的负荷管理对变压器三相负荷不平衡度要求而设定，其设定值为15%。Wherein, the standard value in step (2) is set according to the load management requirement of transformer three-phase load unbalance degree in the industry standard SD292 "Overhead Distribution Lines and Equipment Operation Regulations", and the set value is 15%.
其中，步骤（4）所述在线负荷调相切换开关组合单元通过各相支线端子排与用户分支负荷开关连接。Wherein, in the step (4), the online load phase modulation changeover switch combination unit is connected to the user branch load switch through each phase branch line terminal block.
其中，步骤（3）所述在线负荷调相控制单元判断配电变压器三相负荷不平衡度是根据所述配电变压器低压侧三相负荷监测单元监测的数据和低压主干线路三相负荷监测单元监测的数据，若低压侧主干线路三相负荷不平衡超过标准值，则判断该低压主干线路三相负荷不平衡是引起配电变压器三相负荷不平衡的原因，需要调控。Wherein, the online load phase modulation control unit in step (3) judges the three-phase load unbalance degree of the distribution transformer based on the data monitored by the three-phase load monitoring unit on the low-voltage side of the distribution transformer and the three-phase load monitoring unit on the low-voltage trunk line According to the monitoring data, if the three-phase load imbalance of the main line on the low-voltage side exceeds the standard value, it is judged that the three-phase load imbalance of the low-voltage main line is the cause of the three-phase load imbalance of the distribution transformer, which needs to be adjusted.
与现有技术比，本发明的有益效果为：Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
本发明可以实现在线无弧负荷调相，保持供电连续性，且负荷调相过程无冲击，确保低压配电网供电可靠性和供电质量。The invention can realize online arc-free load phase modulation, maintain the continuity of power supply, and have no impact in the load phase modulation process, and ensure the reliability and quality of power supply of the low-voltage distribution network.
本发明可以提供配变低压侧监测点与低压主干枢纽分支监测点间的数据通信，实时判定配变低压侧三相负荷不平衡情况和低压主干线各相分支负荷大小，进而形成在线负荷调相控制策略，通过多路（如36路或18路）编码开关开断控制实现在线负荷调相，达到治理低压配电网三相负荷不平衡的目的。The present invention can provide data communication between the monitoring points on the low-voltage side of the distribution transformer and the branch monitoring points of the low-voltage trunk hub, and can determine the unbalanced three-phase load on the low-voltage side of the distribution transformer and the load size of each phase branch of the low-voltage trunk line in real time, thereby forming online load phase modulation The control strategy realizes online load phase modulation through multi-channel (such as 36-channel or 18-channel) coded switch on-off control, and achieves the purpose of controlling the unbalanced three-phase load of the low-voltage distribution network.
本发明解决了供电企业治理低压配电网三相负荷不平衡难的实际问题，提供了综合利用智能监测、远程通信和智能控制等核心技术和多路切换开关在线治理低压配电网三相负荷不平衡的方法，有效提升配变供电能力，降低低压线路损耗，改善用户供电电压质量。The invention solves the practical problem that it is difficult for power supply enterprises to manage the unbalanced three-phase load of the low-voltage distribution network, and provides comprehensive utilization of core technologies such as intelligent monitoring, remote communication and intelligent control and multi-way switching switches to manage the three-phase load of the low-voltage distribution network on-line The unbalanced method can effectively improve the power supply capacity of the distribution transformer, reduce the loss of the low-voltage line, and improve the quality of the user's power supply voltage.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1为本发明提供的低压配电网在线治理三相负荷不平衡功能实现框图。Fig. 1 is a block diagram of realizing the function of on-line control of three-phase load unbalance in a low-voltage distribution network provided by the present invention.
图2为本发明提供的控制在线负荷调相切换原理。Fig. 2 shows the switching principle of phase modulation for controlling online load provided by the present invention.
图3为本发明提供的在线负荷调相切换开关初始状。Fig. 3 is the initial state of the online load phase modulation changeover switch provided by the present invention.
图4为本发明提供的控制在线负荷调相后切换开关。Fig. 4 is the control switch provided by the present invention after online load phase modulation.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步的详细说明。The specific implementation manners of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
本发明充分利用先进的监测、通信与自动控制技术，依据配变低压侧各相负荷大小与三相负荷不平衡度监测判断情况，进行开关多路相间切换，实现低压负荷在线调相，在不影响供电可靠性的情况下使配变低压侧三相负荷自动达到平衡分配，从而提供了一种低压配电网在线治理三相负荷不平衡方法。其利用智能监测、远程通信和智能控制等核心技术，首先组建两级监测单元，并建立两级或三级通信网络，形成在线负荷调相判断决策中心，结合在线负荷调相切换开关组合，并通过配置使每相分支负荷均具备在线相别变换条件，形成“监测——通信——策略判断——控制”循环体系，构建成为低压配电网在线治理三相负荷不平衡方法。The invention makes full use of advanced monitoring, communication and automatic control technologies, and performs multi-phase interphase switching of switches according to the magnitude of the load of each phase on the low-voltage side of the distribution transformer and the monitoring and judgment of the unbalanced degree of the three-phase load, so as to realize online phase modulation of the low-voltage load. In the case of affecting the reliability of power supply, the three-phase load on the low-voltage side of the distribution transformer can be automatically balanced and distributed, thus providing an online method for controlling the unbalanced three-phase load of the low-voltage distribution network. Using core technologies such as intelligent monitoring, remote communication and intelligent control, it first sets up a two-level monitoring unit, and establishes a two-level or three-level communication network to form an online load phase modulation decision-making center, combined with an online load phase modulation switching switch combination, and Through configuration, each phase branch load has the online phase-specific transformation conditions, forming a "monitoring-communication-strategy judgment-control" cycle system, and constructing an online method for managing three-phase load imbalances in low-voltage distribution networks.
图1为低压配电网在线治理三相负荷不平衡功能实现框图。如图1所示，主要包括配变低压侧配置单元和低压主干线分支枢纽配置单元两部分，其中配变低压侧配置单元又包括上行通信单元，配变低压侧A、B、C三相负荷监测单元，配变三相负荷不平衡度监测单元，下行通信单元；低压主干线分支枢纽配置单元包括上行通信单元，低压主干线路A、B、C三相负荷监测单元；A、B、C三相各分支负荷监测单元，在线负荷调相控制单元，在线负荷调相切换开关组合单元。配变低压侧A、B、C三相负荷监测单元可通过上行通信单元与县供电企业已有或新建的后台信息管理系统实现通信；在线负荷调相切换开关组合单元可通过各相支线端子排与用户负荷连接。Figure 1 is a block diagram of the realization of the function of on-line control of three-phase load imbalance in the low-voltage distribution network. As shown in Figure 1, it mainly includes two parts: the low-voltage side configuration unit of the distribution transformer and the branch hub configuration unit of the low-voltage trunk line. Monitoring unit, distribution transformer three-phase load unbalance monitoring unit, downlink communication unit; low-voltage main line branch hub configuration unit includes uplink communication unit, low-voltage main line A, B, C three-phase load monitoring unit; A, B, C three-phase load monitoring unit The load monitoring unit of each branch of the phase, the online load phase modulation control unit, and the online load phase modulation switching switch combination unit. The A, B, C three-phase load monitoring unit on the low-voltage side of the distribution transformer can communicate with the existing or newly-built background information management system of the county power supply company through the uplink communication unit; Connect with user load.
根据配变低压侧A、B、C三相负荷监测单元和配变三相负荷不平衡度监测单元的监测情况，如果配变三相负荷不平衡度超过标准值（为15%），则通过下行通信单元与在线负荷调相控制单元实现通信，在线负荷调相控制单元再根据配变低压侧A、B、C三相负荷监测单元对负荷大小的配变低压侧各相监测情况和低压主干线路A、B、C三相负荷监测单元对低压主干线路A、B、C三相负荷的监测情况，判断是否是该主干线路三相负荷不平衡引起，如果是则再根据低压主干线路A、B、C三相各分支负荷监测单元的监测情况，形成在线负荷调相策略，由在线负荷调相控制单元发出控制命令，控制在线负荷调相切换开关组合实现分支负荷相别切换，达到低压配电网在线治理三相负荷不平衡的目的。According to the monitoring situation of the A, B, C three-phase load monitoring unit on the low-voltage side of the distribution transformer and the three-phase load unbalance degree monitoring unit of the distribution transformer, if the three-phase load unbalance degree of the distribution transformer exceeds the standard value (15%), pass The downlink communication unit communicates with the online load phase modulation control unit, and the online load phase modulation control unit then monitors the load size of each phase on the low-voltage side of the distribution transformer and the low-voltage main Line A, B, C three-phase load monitoring unit monitors the low-voltage main line A, B, C three-phase load, and judges whether it is caused by the unbalanced three-phase load of the main line. If so, then according to the low-voltage main line A, The monitoring status of each branch load monitoring unit of B and C three-phase forms an online load phase modulation strategy, and the online load phase modulation control unit issues a control command to control the combination of online load phase modulation switching switches to realize branch load phase switching and achieve low-voltage distribution. The purpose of online control of three-phase load imbalance in the power grid.
在线负荷调相控制单元判断配电变压器三相负荷不平衡度是根据所述配电变压器低压侧三相负荷监测单元监测的数据和低压主干线路三相负荷监测单元监测的数据，若该低压主干线路三相负荷不平衡超过标准值15%，则判断该低压主干线路三相负荷不平衡是引起配电变压器三相负荷不平衡的原因之一，需要加以调整；若该低压主干线路三相负荷不平衡未超过标准值（15%），则判断该低压主干线路不是引起配电变压器三相负荷不平衡的主要原因，则以同样方法步骤依次分析判断配电变压器的其他低压主干线路三相各分支负荷是否存在三相负荷不平衡情况。The online load phase modulation control unit judges the three-phase load unbalance degree of the distribution transformer based on the data monitored by the three-phase load monitoring unit on the low-voltage side of the distribution transformer and the data monitored by the three-phase load monitoring unit on the low-voltage trunk line. If the unbalanced three-phase load of the line exceeds 15% of the standard value, it is judged that the unbalanced three-phase load of the low-voltage main line is one of the reasons for the unbalanced three-phase load of the distribution transformer, and it needs to be adjusted; if the three-phase load of the low-voltage main line If the unbalance does not exceed the standard value (15%), it is judged that the low-voltage trunk line is not the main cause of the three-phase load unbalance of the distribution transformer, and the other low-voltage trunk lines of the distribution transformer are analyzed and judged in sequence by the same method. Whether the branch load has unbalanced three-phase load.
图2为控制在线负荷调相切换原理图。低压台区主干线路A、B、C三相各分支负荷通过在线负荷调相开关组合与主干线的各相线连接，由在线负荷调相控制单元根据各相负荷的监测情况，以配变低压侧三相负荷和低压主干线三相负荷平衡为目标，控制A、B、C三相各分支负荷连接到相应的相线，实现负荷重新分配。Figure 2 is a schematic diagram for controlling online load phase modulation switching. The branch loads of the three phases A, B, and C of the main line in the low-voltage station area are connected to each phase line of the main line through the combination of online load phase modulation switches. The goal is to balance the three-phase load on the side and the three-phase load of the low-voltage main line, and control the branch loads of the A, B, and C three-phases to connect to the corresponding phase lines to realize load redistribution.
图3为在线负荷调相切换开关初始状态。A相分支负荷均通过切换开关组合接到低压主干线的A相，并进行A相标识,如A相支线1上的A11-A1n用户就连接在低压主干线的A相上；同理，B相分支负荷均通过切换开关组合接到低压主干线的B相，并进行B相标识；C相分支负荷均通过切换开关组合接到低压主干线的C相，并进行C相标识。Figure 3 is the initial state of the online load phase modulation switch. The branch loads of phase A are all connected to phase A of the low-voltage main line through the switch combination, and the phase A is marked. For example, A11-A1n users on the branch line 1 of phase A are connected to phase A of the low-voltage main line; similarly, B The phase branch loads are connected to the B phase of the low-voltage main line through the switch combination, and the phase B is marked; the C phase branch loads are connected to the C phase of the low-voltage main line through the switch combination, and the C phase is marked.
图4为控制在线负荷调相后切换开关状态。根据配变低压侧A、B、C三相负荷监测单元，配变三相负荷不平衡度监测单元，低压主干线路A、B、C三相负荷监测单元；A、B、C三相各分支负荷监测单元，以及在线负荷调相控制单元综合判断，配变低压侧B相负荷和低压主干线B相负荷过轻，造成了配变低压侧三相负荷和低压主干线三相负荷不平衡平衡，需将A相支线1和A相支线i上用户负荷连接到低压主干线的B相上，相应支线负荷标识由A变为B；同时还需要将C相支线1和C相支线i上用户负荷连接到低压主干线的B相上，相应支线负荷标识由C变为B，实现低压配电网在线三相负荷不平衡治理。Figure 4 shows the state of switching switches after controlling the online load phase modulation. According to the distribution transformer low-voltage side A, B, C three-phase load monitoring unit, distribution transformer three-phase load unbalance monitoring unit, low-voltage main line A, B, C three-phase load monitoring unit; A, B, C three-phase branches The load monitoring unit and the online load phase modulation control unit comprehensively judge that the B-phase load on the low-voltage side of the distribution transformer and the B-phase load on the low-voltage main line are too light, resulting in an unbalanced balance between the three-phase load on the low-voltage side of the distribution transformer and the three-phase load on the low-voltage main line , it is necessary to connect phase A branch line 1 and user load on phase A branch line i to phase B of the low-voltage main line, and the load identification of the corresponding branch line changes from A to B; at the same time, it is also necessary to connect phase C branch line 1 and user load on phase C branch line i The load is connected to the B-phase of the low-voltage main line, and the load identification of the corresponding branch line is changed from C to B, so as to realize the online three-phase load unbalance control of the low-voltage distribution network.
最后应当说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对其限制，尽管参照上述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，所属领域的普通技术人员应当理解：依然可以对本发明的具体实施方式进行修改或者等同替换，而未脱离本发明精神和范围的任何修改或者等同替换，其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: the present invention can still be Any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention shall be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.
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| CN112366736A (en) * | 2020-11-11 | 2021-02-12 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | Phase modulation method and device for power distribution network |
| CN115378001A (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2022-11-22 | 南昌科晨电力试验研究有限公司 | Low-voltage distribution network artificial phase modulation method and system based on load periodicity |
| CN115378001B (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2023-03-24 | 南昌科晨电力试验研究有限公司 | A method and system for artificial phase modulation of low-voltage distribution network based on load periodicity |
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