CN104659797B - A kind of method that distribution low-pressure side intelligent electric power load three-phase imbalance is administered - Google Patents

A kind of method that distribution low-pressure side intelligent electric power load three-phase imbalance is administered Download PDF

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CN104659797B
CN104659797B CN201510069424.8A CN201510069424A CN104659797B CN 104659797 B CN104659797 B CN 104659797B CN 201510069424 A CN201510069424 A CN 201510069424A CN 104659797 B CN104659797 B CN 104659797B
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pressure side
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CN104659797A (en
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卢松
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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    • Y02E40/50Arrangements for eliminating or reducing asymmetry in polyphase networks

Abstract

A kind of method that distribution low-pressure side intelligent electric power load three-phase imbalance is administered.Distribution low-pressure side three-phase load unbalance administering method of the present invention, including the Type B commutation terminal of energy self-balancing at unit building and the system being made of host and A type commutation terminal.This system is by realizing that distribution low-pressure side three-phase load unbalance degree achievees the purpose that minimum value at any time on switching user's actual load to the lighter phase of load.It can independently solve the problems, such as the totality three-phase equilibrium of distribution transformer end and solve the problems, such as the three-phase equilibrium of unit building part simultaneously.

Description

A kind of method that distribution low-pressure side intelligent electric power load three-phase imbalance is administered
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of methods that distribution low-pressure side intelligent electric power load three-phase imbalance is administered, and especially city is matched Net low pressure side power load three-phase imbalance is administered.The energy conservation for the product category power electronics field being fabricated to by this method, Safety product.
Background technique
It mainly realizes, especially comes by distribution low-pressure side real by distribution in electric system, the consumption of electric energy Existing.In China, low voltage electric load typically refers to alternating current 220V/380V system institute band load.Alternating current 220V/380V system System is usually made of three-phase and four-line, i.e., A phase, B phase, C phase, N phase (zero curve), the load of tape splicing almost include modern household electrical appliances All kinds and factory's electricity consumption, agricultural irrigation.
Obviously, the load of distribution low-pressure side institute tape splicing may include single-phase load and three-phase load.It is negative for three-phase motor For lotus, when normal operation, three-phase is in equilibrium state.For residential electricity consumption, load is nearly all single-phase.By It is usually that cable is used to draw from step down side in resident load.When installer installs, it is difficult to know into resident It is separate, less know the property and size of which family's load.It in other words, although is know all domestic consumer's loads big It is small, but due to seasonal, the period and diversity factor of electricity consumption, the size that centainly will cause three-phase load is unpredictable, It is very easy to cause three-phase load unbalance.Facts proved that in some places, unbalance factor is a little up to 80% or more, it can To say that low-voltage power system three-phase load absolute equilibrium is perfect condition, imbalance is normality.
Three-phase load unbalance is that line loss increases to the harm greatly of electric system bring first, the number that line loss increases It is worth square directly proportional to electric current.
Assuming that the three-phase load resistance of certain distribution transforming is equal and is equal to R, in equilibrium state, the line loss Δ P=of the distribution transforming I2R, and Δ PA=Δ PB=Δ PC.The total line loss ∑ Δ P=3I of three-phase2R。
When system is in non-equilibrium state, it is assumed that A phase load is zero, and B, C two-phase averraged the electric current of A phase, Then line loss Δ PA=0, Δ PB=(1.5I)2R=2.25I2R, Δ PC=(1.5I)2R=2.25I2R, ∑ Δ P=4.5I2R, Line loss incrementss are: 4.5I2R-3I2R=1.5I2R namely line loss increase 50%.Be not difficult to calculate, if three-phase institute's on-load by One phase tape splicing, ∑ Δ P=(31) at this time2R=9I2R.Line loss incrementss are: 9I2R-3I2R=6I2R, line loss are equilibrium state When 3 times namely line loss increase 200%.
In fact, the phenomenon that route that we are commonly seen is burned with anger, caused by being largely the circuit overload.To power train For system, breakdown repair number is increased, O&M cost is increased, reduces power supply reliability.
Three-phase load unbalance is that transformer generates additional iron losses to the second largest harm of electric system bring.Y/Yo connects The network distribution transformer of line mostly uses three-iron core column structure, when three-phase load unbalance occurs or ground fault occurs, one Secondary side non-zero-sequence current exists, and secondary side is with the presence of zero-sequence current, therefore the zero-sequence current of secondary side is entirely exciting current, But the zero sequence fluxes generated cannot be closed in iron core, need to be closed by oil tank wall, be generated to generate heat in the attachmentes such as iron case Iron loss.
Three-phase load unbalance is to generate additional copper loss to the third-largest harm of electric system bring.
Three-phase load unbalance is to generate variation to the fourth-largest harm of electric system bring, will lead to when serious Imbalance of three-phase voltage is generated, the service capacity for influencing threephase motor even burns motor.
Currently, electric system is in order to solve the problems, such as three-phase imbalance, the common approach is that sending someone to residential electricity consumption scene to go Load adjustment.But regrettably, three-phase load unbalance is a kind of dynamic process, it can change at any time, manually adjust The method of load can only solve the problems, such as temporary, and never can solve root problem.It takes a lot of work, is time-consuming, producing little effect.
The present invention is absorbed in a kind of method that distribution low pressure side power load three-phase imbalance is administered, and especially urban distribution network is low Side power load three-phase imbalance is pressed to administer, specific governing system see also utility model patent.
Summary of the invention
In the residential area in city, the network topological diagram of distribution low-pressure side is shown in attached drawing 1.
Net low-pressure side load generates unbalanced first approach:
Imbalance at the place namely unit building for thering is three-phase and four-line to lead to unit building.Assuming that A, B, C three-phase institute band are used Amount amount is the same, and electric power is identical, if three-phase electricity consumption simultaneously, at this moment Ia=Ib=Ic, degree of unbalancedness Iun= [(Imax-Imin)/Imax] × 100%=0, this is optimal situation;
But reality is, each user can not simultaneously electricity consumption and power it is equal, Ia ≠ Ib at this moment will necessarily dynamically occur ≠ Ic, degree of unbalancedness can be by formula Iun=[(Imax-Imin)/Imax] × 100% find out.From formula as can be seen that working as The difference of Imax and Imin is got over hour, and degree of unbalancedness Iun is smaller.
In order to make degree of unbalancedness reach minimum at any time, this unit portion should be adjusted at any time according to current three-phase load situation Divide the electricity consumption of user separate.
System topological figure of the invention is shown in Figure of description.
A type commutation terminal (12) described in this system be it is a kind of have short distance wireless data communicate only with it is N number of can commutation The device of load.
Type B commutation terminal (6) described in this system is a kind of not only dress with N number of interchangeable phase load but also with M firm demand It sets.
In the present system, according to the size of distribution transforming (1) capacity, several Type B commutation terminals (6) are installed.Type B commutation is whole Hold (6) with part fixed electricity consumption user (8) and partially can commutation user (7).When normal operation, Type B commutation terminal (6) is logical The size of detection current transformer (5) three-phase current is crossed, and where recording Imax (maximum current) and Imin (minimum current) It is separate, while pressing formula Iun=[(Imax-Imin)/Imax] × current the degree of unbalancedness of 100% calculating.When Iun is greater than some It, immediately respectively can commutation user by detection current transformer (6) detection when setting value namely when degree of unbalancedness is more than specified value (7) size loaded, and record storage.
Assuming that this TV station Type B commutation terminal (6) with it is N number of can commutation user (7), and detect currently have F can commutation use Family (7) runs (F≤N) in the phase where Imax, and at this moment program circulation executes Iunx=[(Imax-IMx) (Imin+IMx)/ (Imax-IMx)] F Iun value × 100%, can be calculated, at the same can find out generate Iun minimum value can commutation user (7), Namely be aware of currently should which ran in Imax phase can commutation user (7) be switched to Imin phase on, this Type B changes Phase terminal carries out this operation immediately, keeps current degree of unbalancedness Imin minimum.
After degree of unbalancedness Iun is more than specified value, there may be several situations that can occur.
Although separate where 1, having found Imax, do not have 1 can commutation user (7) transported in the phase of Imax Row is operated without commutation at this time;
Although separate where 2, having found Imax, only 1 can commutation user (7) mutually run at this, and the user Load has exceeded the afforded load switching ability of phase-change switch, and (steady state run current of load phase-change switch is typically greater than Load switching electric current), it is operated at this time without commutation;
3, after carrying out commutation operation, new Iun ' >=Iun is operated without commutation at this time.
It can solve generation three-phase load unbalance at unit building according to the Type B load commutation terminal that above-mentioned principle is constituted to ask Topic, it can the degree of unbalancedness occurred at this is accomplished minimum at any time.
Net low-pressure side load generates unbalanced second approach:
In the distribution in city, although the ammeter of most users is all to install concentratedly in unit building, used there are also very much Electric equipment performance is not concentrated.Such as junior unit building, communal facility, the corridor road lamp at: less than 4 families, road lighting etc..They Wiring be often it is random, this undoubtedly also brings imbalance to the operation of distribution transforming (1).
In response to this, administering method of the invention is: installing (3) 1, host in systems and several A types are negative Lotus commutation terminal (12).
The terminal (12) is for acquiring this end loads size and uploading under host (3), execution host (3) The device to say the word.
The host (3) is to acquire A type commutation terminal (12) in real time for monitoring distribution transforming (1) each phase total load in real time How electricity consumption information, decision redistribute load out, and load unbalanced degree is made to remain at the device in acceptability limit.
System Working Principle is as follows:
On host, this distribution transforming (1) each phase current (total current), the size of voltage are acquired in real time, by formula:
Δ S=Ia × Ua+Ib × Ub+Ic × Uc calculates currently used total capacity.In formula, Ia, Ib, Ic are distribution transforming (1) total current exported, Ua, Ub, Uc are the end voltage of distribution transforming (1) output.
As Δ S < S0When × K, (S0For the capacity of transformer, K is coefficient.This value of Δ S allows without national regulations at present Various regions are set according to the actual conditions scene of oneself, and the value range of K is 0-1), then do not consider to calculate degree of unbalancedness, the reason is that Currently used capacity is small, is not enough to generate the safe and stable operation of distribution transforming (1) threat, and total line loss is small.
As Δ S >=S0When × K, then formula Iun=[(Imax-Imin is pressed)/Imax] × 100% calculating degree of unbalancedness.
In formula, Imax is the maximum current in three-phase current, and Imin is the minimum current in three-phase current), Iun is real-time The current unbalance factor of calculating.
When Iun >=K1 (at present degree of unbalancedness without national standard limit, allow various regions according to the actual conditions scene of oneself set, The value range of K1 is 0-1), and Δ S >=S0When × K, that is, think that system is in non-equilibrium state, load adjustment should be carried out.This When, host (3) is logical by the short-distance wireless that short-distance wireless (2) issue data acquisition command to each A type commutation terminal (12) It interrogates (9), acquires the current load data of each A type commutation terminal (12) and storage one by one, until all A type commutations of this system are whole The data acquisition at end (12) finishes.
Host (3) counts A type commutation number of terminals (12) number currently run in Imax phase, and presses formula Iunx= [(Imax-IMx)-(Imin+IMx)/(Imax-IMx)] × 100% calculates M (M≤N) Iun, and then can find out the smallest Iun, host (3) issue the order of " please be switched to Imin phase " to the A type commutation terminal (12) for generating minimum Iun immediately.
Ibid, after degree of unbalancedness Iun is more than specified value and currently used capacity is greater than some specified value, may have several Situation can occur.
Although separate where 4, having found Imax, there is no 1 A type commutation terminal (12) to transport in the phase of Imax Row is operated without commutation at this time;
Although separate where 5, having found Imax, only 1 A type commutation terminal (12) mutually runs at this, and the use Family load has exceeded the afforded load switching ability of phase-change switch, and (steady state run current of load phase-change switch is usually big In load switching electric current), it is operated at this time without commutation;
6, after carrying out commutation operation, new Iun ' >=Iun is operated without commutation at this time
7, the load unbalanced governing system of distribution low-pressure side intelligent three-phase of the present invention, being included at unit building can be certainly The Type B commutation terminal of balance and the system being made of host and A type commutation terminal.This system is by switching user's actual use On load to the lighter phase of load, realize that distribution low-pressure side three-phase load unbalance degree achievees the purpose that minimum value at any time.It can It independently solves the problems, such as station power distribution transformer terminal totality three-phase equilibrium, and can solve the problems, such as the three-phase equilibrium of unit building part simultaneously.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of method that distribution low-pressure side intelligent electric power load three-phase imbalance is administered, it is characterised in that: system is pacified by one It is responsible for whole commutation load commutation terminal mounted in the host of distribution transformer low-pressure side and several A types and several Type Bs is responsible for Unit building commutation load commutation terminal composition;The system energy real-time tracking each unit building and the dual load of distribution transforming entirety become Change, the sub-load of heavy load phase is switched in the phase of light load at any time, makes unit building and overall current degree of unbalancedness always It is maintained at minimum state simultaneously;The system commutation decision is based on all Type B load commutation terminals current strength collected Data are simultaneously calculated according to the three-phase current intensity data acquired in distribution transforming, integrally use in real time in unit building and distribution transforming Formula Iun=[(Imax-Imin)/Imax] × 100% track the real-time degree of unbalancedness in computing unit building and total system, and And once-through operation can just make current degree of unbalancedness reach minimum, wherein Iun refers to that real-time three-phase load unbalance degree, Imax refer to reality Current strength in Shi Sanxiang in peak load phase, Imin refer to the current strength in real-time three-phase in minimum load phase.
2. the method that a kind of distribution low-pressure side intelligent electric power load three-phase imbalance according to claim 1 is administered, special Sign is: not only can be individually using Type B commutation terminal come the load in balancing unit building and balance distribution system load, but also can mix Close the load and balance distribution system load for coming balancing unit building using Type B commutation terminal and A type commutation terminal;The distribution The load unbalanced administering method of low-pressure side intelligent three-phase, including the Type B commutation terminal of energy self-balancing at unit building and by host The system constituted with A type commutation terminal;This system is by realizing on switching user's actual load to the lighter phase of load Distribution low-pressure side three-phase load unbalance degree achievees the purpose that minimum value at any time.
3. the method that a kind of distribution low-pressure side intelligent electric power load three-phase imbalance according to claim 1 is administered, special Sign is, ensures to acquire simultaneously using short distance wireless data mechanics of communication, using the reality of distribution low-voltage side and each terminal When data, relayed each other between host and each terminal.
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CN105515025B (en) * 2015-12-23 2018-10-16 国网甘肃省电力公司金昌供电公司 A kind of three-phase imbalance optimization method of low-voltage network
CN105633985B (en) * 2015-12-25 2018-05-22 国家电网公司 Three-phase load unbalance intelligent balance adjusting method
CN105591396B (en) * 2016-02-29 2018-06-26 国家电网公司 The three-phase imbalance guard method of the distribution transformer of low-voltage distributing line and device
CN105552939A (en) * 2016-03-07 2016-05-04 山东电工电气集团新能科技有限公司 Three-phase unbalance governance system and method
CN105870945B (en) * 2016-05-30 2018-08-24 广西星宇智能电气有限公司 A kind of three-phase current unbalance for low-voltage network automatically adjusts algorithm
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CN106816883B (en) * 2017-03-06 2019-12-06 天津平高智能电气有限公司 three-phase unbalance adjusting system parallel input system, control method and device
CN106849137A (en) * 2017-04-07 2017-06-13 武汉大学 A kind of three-phase imbalance adjusting method for reducing via net loss
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