CN102749313A - Remote measuring system for vertical distribution concentration of chlorophyll in seawater - Google Patents

Remote measuring system for vertical distribution concentration of chlorophyll in seawater Download PDF

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CN102749313A
CN102749313A CN2012102304341A CN201210230434A CN102749313A CN 102749313 A CN102749313 A CN 102749313A CN 2012102304341 A CN2012102304341 A CN 2012102304341A CN 201210230434 A CN201210230434 A CN 201210230434A CN 102749313 A CN102749313 A CN 102749313A
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convex lens
telescope
chlorophyll
light
filter
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李安虎
丁烨
王伟
李志忠
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Tongji University
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Tongji University
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种海水叶绿素垂直分布浓度的遥测系统,包括激光光源、调制器、发射望远镜、接收望远镜、滤波器、光电转换器和数据处理系统,激光光源出光口对准调制器进光口,调制器出光口对准发射望远镜进光口,发射望远镜出光口对准接收望远镜进光口,接收望远镜连接滤波器,滤波器连接光电转换器,光电转换器将滤波器输出光信号转换为电信号,光电转换器连接数据处理系统;所述发射望远镜由可移动凸透镜和固定凸透镜组成,所述接收望远镜由一小型凹面镜和环形凹面镜组成,本发明可以实现快速实时测量;通过调节发射望远镜内可移动凸透镜和固定凸透镜之间的相对位置,改变发射望远镜出射激光的会聚点位置,从而得到垂直方向上发射望远镜量程内任意深度和叶绿素浓度之间的关系。

Figure 201210230434

The invention relates to a remote measurement system for the vertical distribution concentration of chlorophyll in seawater, which includes a laser light source, a modulator, a transmitting telescope, a receiving telescope, a filter, a photoelectric converter and a data processing system. The light outlet of the laser light source is aligned with the light inlet of the modulator. The light outlet of the modulator is aligned with the light inlet of the transmitting telescope, the light outlet of the transmitting telescope is aligned with the light inlet of the receiving telescope, the receiving telescope is connected to the filter, the filter is connected to the photoelectric converter, and the photoelectric converter converts the output optical signal of the filter into an electrical signal , the photoelectric converter is connected to the data processing system; the transmitting telescope is composed of a movable convex lens and a fixed convex lens, and the receiving telescope is composed of a small concave mirror and an annular concave mirror. The present invention can realize fast real-time measurement; The relative position between the movable convex lens and the fixed convex lens changes the position of the converging point of the emitted laser light from the transmitting telescope, so as to obtain the relationship between any depth within the range of the transmitting telescope and the chlorophyll concentration in the vertical direction.

Figure 201210230434

Description

The telemetry system of seawater chlorophyll vertical distribution concentration
Technical field
The invention belongs to the optical electron field of measurement, be specifically related to a kind of telemetry system of seawater chlorophyll vertical distribution concentration.
Background technology
Chlorophyll concentration is an important indicator of reaction marine phytoplankton density, through keeping watch on red tide and water quality environment situation to the measurement of chlorophyll concentration in the water.In addition, the content of chlorophyll concentration can also be as the important evidence of estimation primary productivity of marine ecosystem.
The measurement of seawater chlorophyll concentration mainly contains spot sampling laboratory measurement, scene and walks aerial survey amount and large tracts of land remote sensing survey continuously.
Shortcomings such as the spot sampling measurement has the sampling difficulty, real-time is poor, the cycle is long.
The aerial survey amount is walked at the scene continuously and the large tracts of land remote sensing survey can be measured in real time; Wherein, the scene is walked the aerial survey amount continuously and is utilized ship towing probe to realize measuring, and this metering system needs that the optical fiber that head is equipped with probe is stretched into marine bottom and measures; Though can probe be stretched into different depth; Make the chlorophyll Vertical Profile, but transmit signal, make troubles to measurement owing to rely on optical fiber; Though and the large tracts of land remote sensing survey can be realized fast, high precision, large tracts of land Measuring Oceanic top layer chlorophyll concentration, the chlorophyll measurement of vertical direction different depth had certain limitation.
At present; Laser inductive fluorescence method is obtaining application aspect the water body chlorophyll concentration measurement; This method is to utilize the laser radiation water body, excites chlorophyll molecular emission fluorescence signal in the water body, behind the reception fluorescence signal it is analyzed the concentration that draws water body chlorophyll.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming the deficiency of prior art, the object of the invention is to provide a kind of telemetry system of seawater chlorophyll concentration, and it can not only solve seawater chlorophyll concentration distribution problem in vertical direction, the characteristics that have simultaneously easily and fast, measure in real time.
The telemetry system of a kind of seawater chlorophyll vertical distribution concentration that the present invention proposes; Comprise LASER Light Source 1, modulator 2, transmitter-telescope 3, receiving telescope 4, wave filter 5, photoelectric commutator 6 and data handling system 7; The light-emitting window of LASER Light Source 1 is aimed at the light inlet of modulator 2, and the light-emitting window of modulator 2 is aimed at the light inlet of transmitter-telescope 3, and the light-emitting window of transmitter-telescope 3 is aimed at the light inlet of receiving telescope 4; Receiving telescope 4 connects wave filter 5; Wave filter 5 connects photoelectric commutator 6, and photoelectric commutator 6 converts the light signal of wave filter 5 outputs into electric signal, and photoelectric commutator 6 connects data handling system; Wherein:
Said transmitter-telescope 3 is made up of with fixed convex lens 9 removable convex lens 8; The light-emitting window of removable convex lens 8 is aimed at the light inlet of convex lens 9; The optical axis of removable convex lens 8 and fixed convex lens 9 is placed on the same straight line, and removable convex lens 8 are fixed along this rectilinear motion;
Said receiving telescope 4 is made up of with loop concave mirror 11 a small-sized concave mirror 10; Loop concave mirror 11 is installed towards seawater surface; Small-sized concave mirror 10 is installed towards loop concave mirror 11, and the distance that small-sized concave mirror 10 and loop concave mirror are 11 is both focal length sums.
Among the present invention, described LASER Light Source 1 adopts pulsed laser.
Among the present invention, described modulator 2 carries out bandwidth control with incident laser.
Among the present invention, described transmitter-telescope 3 is made up of with fixed convex lens 9 removable convex lens 8.The optical axis of removable convex lens 8 and fixed convex lens 9 is placed on the same straight line, and removable convex lens 8 are along this rectilinear motion, thereby changes the distance between removable convex lens 8 and the fixed convex lens 9.Can know by the convex lens image-forming principle:
Figure 585908DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
; Wherein, is object distance; is image distance, and is the focal length of convex lens.The removable convex lens post-concentration of parallel beam process is on its focus, and directive fixed convex lens, assembles once more behind the light process fixed convex lens.Can know by the convex lens image-forming principle; The distance of removable concave lens focus and fixed convex lens center point is object distance
Figure 381640DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
; Fixed convex lens center point is image distance
Figure 398137DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
with the distance of final light convergent point; Because the inverse of object distance and the sum reciprocal of image distance equal the inverse of focal length; Therefore transmitter-telescope can be through regulating the position of removable convex lens; Promptly through changing the distance between removable convex lens and the fixed convex lens; Thereby change object distance
Figure 830868DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
, and then change the convergent point of fixed convex lens emergent ray.
Among the present invention, described receiving telescope 4 is made up of with loop concave mirror 11 a small-sized concave mirror 10.Loop concave mirror 11 is installed towards seawater surface; The fluorescence signal of reflected back is assembled; Another small-sized concave mirror 10 is installed towards loop concave mirror 11; The distance that small-sized concave mirror 10 and loop concave mirror are 11 is both focal length sums, makes the fluorescence signal of convergence can become directional light through small-sized concave mirror radiation, and directional light sees through the circular hole outgoing at loop concave mirror center.
Among the present invention, described wave filter 5 adopts BPF., removes and receives the hydrone Raman scattering signal except the chlorophyll molecule fluorescence signal and other algae or organism excited fluorescent signal in the light, makes output light wavelength near 685nm.
Among the present invention, said data handling system 7 is mainly used in calculates and regulates removable convex lens position, analysis of fluorescence reflected signal.Before Laser emission, data handling system calculates the distance between removable convex lens and fixed convex lens according to specifying the incident degree of depth, and sends to instruct and make removable convex lens move to assigned address.When LASER Light Source gave off laser beam, data handling system picked up counting, and according to the time of specifying this degree of depth fluorescence signal of incident depth calculation to return.During to this time, data handling system is isolated the strongest fluorescence signal, and fluorescence signal spectrum is analyzed, and according to the linear relationship of fluorescence spectrum peak height and chlorophyll concentration, draws the concentration that seawater is specified the chlorophyll molecule at incident degree of depth place.
Technique effect of the present invention is following: can realize the quick real-time measurement; Can be through the relative position between removable convex lens and the fixed convex lens in the adjusting transmitter-telescope; Change the convergent point position of transmitter-telescope shoot laser, thereby obtain on the vertical direction in the transmitter-telescope range relation between the degree of depth and chlorophyll concentration arbitrarily.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a principle of work synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the receiving telescope schematic diagram.
Label among the figure: the 1st, LASER Light Source, the 2nd, modulator, the 3rd, transmitter-telescope, the 4th, receiving telescope, the 5th, wave filter, the 6th, photoelectric commutator, the 7th, data handling system, the 8th, removable convex lens, the 9th, fixed convex lens, 10 small-sized concave mirrors, 11 loop concave mirrors.
Embodiment
Combine accompanying drawing to further specify the present invention through embodiment below.
Embodiment 1:
Like Fig. 1, data handling system 7 draws the distance between the removable convex lens 8 and fixed convex lens 9 in the transmitter-telescope 3 according to specified incident depth calculation, and regulates removable convex lens 8 to assigned address.LASER Light Source 1 sends the laser that wavelength is 532nm, carries out the bandwidth modulation through modulator 2, and collimated laser beam is injected the sea through transmitter-telescope 3.
Laser beam is being set the convergence of incident degree of depth place; Excite chlorophyll in the seawater to send the fluorescence signal of 685nm; Receiving telescope 4 is assembled the fluorescence signal that fires back; Through wave filter 5 filtering, remove and receive the hydrone Raman scattering signal except the chlorophyll molecule fluorescence signal and other algae or organism excited fluorescent signal in the light, then; Wavelength is that the chlorophyll fluorescence signal of 685nm converts electric signal into through photoelectric commutator 6, gets into data handling system and carries out data processing.
Data handling system 7 picks up counting when LASER Light Source 1 gives off laser beam; And calculate the time that the incident degree of depth excited fluorescent signal that sets returns; In the corresponding time, data handling system 7 is isolated the strongest fluorescence signal, and the spectrum of fluorescence signal is analyzed; According to the linear relationship of fluorescence spectrum peak height and chlorophyll concentration, draw the concentration that seawater is specified the chlorophyll molecule at incident degree of depth place.
The principle of work of transmitter-telescope 3:
Like Fig. 2, transmitter-telescope 3 is made up of with fixed convex lens 9 removable convex lens 8.
The focal length of removable convex lens 8 is
Figure 540198DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
; Collimated laser beam is focused on its focus through removable convex lens 8, and the distance that the focus of removable convex lens 8 and fixed convex lens are 9 is .
The focal length of fixed convex lens 9 is
Figure 248708DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
, and laser passes through fixed convex lens 9 post-concentrations at a distance any of fixed distance convex lens 9
Figure 538875DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
.Therefore the distance of ignoring fixed convex lens and seawater face, the value of
Figure 419107DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
is the degree of depth of specified laser incident seawater here.
Substitution convex lens imaging formula can be known
Figure 857041DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
; Because
Figure 215341DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
is a definite value; Therefore; Data handling system 7 can calculate the distance between removable convex lens 8 and the fixed convex lens 9 according to the requirement of the incident degree of depth.Data handling system provides instruction, makes that the distance adjustment between removable convex lens 8 and the fixed convex lens 9 becomes designated value, just can satisfy the incident requirement of this device.

Claims (4)

1.一种海水叶绿素垂直分布浓度的遥测系统,包括激光光源(1)、调制器(2)、发射望远镜(3)、接收望远镜(4)、滤波器(5)、光电转换器(6)和数据处理系统(7),其特征在于激光光源(1)的出光口对准调制器(2)的进光口,调制器(2)的出光口对准发射望远镜(3)的进光口,发射望远镜(3)的出光口对准接收望远镜(4)的进光口,接收望远镜(4)连接滤波器(5),滤波器(5)连接光电转换器(6),光电转换器(6)将滤波器(5)输出的光信号转换为电信号,光电转换器(6)连接数据处理系统;其中: 1. A telemetry system for the vertical distribution concentration of chlorophyll in seawater, comprising a laser light source (1), a modulator (2), a transmitting telescope (3), a receiving telescope (4), a filter (5), and a photoelectric converter (6) And data processing system (7), it is characterized in that the light outlet of laser light source (1) is aligned with the light inlet of modulator (2), and the light outlet of modulator (2) is aligned with the light inlet of transmitting telescope (3) , the light outlet of the transmitting telescope (3) is aligned with the light inlet of the receiving telescope (4), the receiving telescope (4) is connected to the filter (5), the filter (5) is connected to the photoelectric converter (6), and the photoelectric converter ( 6) converting the optical signal output by the filter (5) into an electrical signal, and the photoelectric converter (6) is connected to the data processing system; wherein: 所述发射望远镜(3)由可移动凸透镜(8)和固定凸透镜(9)组成,可移动凸透镜(8)的出光口对准凸透镜(9)的进光口,可移动凸透镜(8)和固定凸透镜(9)的光轴放置在同一直线上,可移动凸透镜(8)固定沿此直线运动; The transmitting telescope (3) is made up of a movable convex lens (8) and a fixed convex lens (9), the light outlet of the movable convex lens (8) is aligned with the light inlet of the convex lens (9), and the movable convex lens (8) and the fixed convex lens The optical axis of the convex lens (9) is placed on the same straight line, and the movable convex lens (8) is fixed to move along this straight line; 所述接收望远镜(4)由一小型凹面镜(10)和环形凹面镜(11)组成,环形凹面镜(11)面向海水表面安装,小型凹面镜(10)面向环形凹面镜(11)安装,小型凹面镜(10)与环形凹面镜(11)间的距离为两者焦距之和。 Described receiving telescope (4) is made up of a small concave surface mirror (10) and annular concave surface mirror (11), and annular concave surface mirror (11) is installed facing the seawater surface, and small concave surface mirror (10) is installed facing the annular concave surface mirror (11), The distance between the small concave mirror (10) and the annular concave mirror (11) is the sum of the focal lengths of the two. 2.根据权利要求1所述的海水叶绿素垂直分布浓度的遥测系统,其特征在于所述的激光光源(1)采用脉冲激光器。 2. The remote measurement system of seawater chlorophyll vertical distribution concentration according to claim 1, characterized in that said laser light source (1) adopts a pulsed laser. 3.根据权利要求1所述的海水叶绿素垂直分布浓度的遥测系统,其特征在于述的调制器(2)将入射激光进行带宽调节。 3. The telemetry system for the vertical distribution concentration of seawater chlorophyll according to claim 1, characterized in that the modulator (2) adjusts the bandwidth of the incident laser light. 4.根据权利要求1所述的海水叶绿素垂直分布浓度的遥测系统,其特征在于所述的滤波器(5)采用带通滤波器,除去接收光中除了叶绿素分子荧光信号以外的水分子喇曼散射信号和其它藻类或有机物激发的荧光信号,使输出光波长接近685nm。 4. the telemetry system of seawater chlorophyll vertical distribution concentration according to claim 1 is characterized in that described filter (5) adopts band-pass filter, removes the water molecule Raman except the chlorophyll molecular fluorescent signal in the received light Scattering signals and fluorescence signals excited by other algae or organic matter make the output light wavelength close to 685nm.
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Application publication date: 20121024