CN102746073A - Nitrogen stabilizing agent and application thereof - Google Patents
Nitrogen stabilizing agent and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102746073A CN102746073A CN2012102585504A CN201210258550A CN102746073A CN 102746073 A CN102746073 A CN 102746073A CN 2012102585504 A CN2012102585504 A CN 2012102585504A CN 201210258550 A CN201210258550 A CN 201210258550A CN 102746073 A CN102746073 A CN 102746073A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Abstract
The invention relates to a nitrogen stabilizing agent and application of the nitrogen stabilizing agent. The nitrogen stabilizing agent is a clathrate compound formed by mechanically mixing urease inhibitors, nitrification inhibitors and beta-cyclodextrin or the beta-cyclodextrin and zeolite or the beta-cyclodextrin and attapulgite clay at normal temperature for 1-2 hours, and comprises the following raw materials by weight: 1-20 parts of the beta-cyclodextrin or the beta-cyclodextrin and the zeolite or the beta-cyclodextrin and the attapulgite clay, 1-10 parts of the urease inhibitor and 0.5-10 parts of the nitrification inhibitor, wherein the zeolite is 50-90% of total using amount of the beta-cyclodextrin and the zeolite, and the attapulgite clay is 50-90% of total using amount of the beta-cyclodextrin and the attapulgite clay. The nitrogen stabilizing agent and nitrogenous fertilizers are mixed to produce long-acting controlled release fertilizers for use, wherein the using amount of the nitrogen stabilizing agent is 0.5wt%-10wt% of nitrogen element total amount of the nitrogenous fertilizers. Nitrogen using ratio of the nitrogenous fertilizers is improved, and nitrogen loss is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of nitrogen stabilizer and application thereof.
Background technology
Use the major measure that chemical fertilizer and agricultural chemicals are increases in grain production.Over past ten years, China's total output of grain increases with applying quantity of chemical fertilizer, but because utilization rate of fertilizer is low, unit fertilizer stimulation ratio but increases with applying quantity of chemical fertilizer and obviously successively decreases.The current utilization ratio of China's chemical fertilizer: nitrogen is about 30%～35%, and phosphorus is about 10%～20%, potassium about 35%～50%.This not only causes the grain-production cost to improve, and because the excessive use of nitrogenous fertilizer not by the part of plant absorbing, has caused a series of environmental problems through face of land loss, drip washing and evaporation etc., comprises widespread pollution from the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides in rural area and topsoil.Research shows that annual China has 123.5 ten thousand tons of nitrogen directly to flow to rivers and lakes through surface water, and 49.4 ten thousand tons get into underground water, and 2,990,000 tons get into atmosphere.The dissolved inorganic nitrogen of the annual output of the Changjiang river, the Yellow River and the Zhujiang River reaches 97.5 ten thousand tons, and wherein 90% from agricultural, and nitrogenous fertilizer has accounted for 50%.Because the eutrophy that nitrogen loss causes makes China's water pollution quite serious; Have nearly 160 big or small lakes to receive the different pollution of degree, the section that the river can not be used to irrigate accounts for 23.3%, and the fishes and shrimps disappearance accounts for 45%; Can not satisfy III class water quality standard and account for 85%, the ecological functions slump of disastrous proportions.The red tide in lake, ocean, the occurrence frequency of blue-green algae and generation area time length increase, and hazard rating constantly increases the weight of.In addition, nitrogen manure is reduced into oxides of nitrogen gas in soil, and it all is more than 300 times of carbon dioxide molecule that each nitric oxide molecule causes the potentiality of Greenhouse effect.So global temperature rising has direct relation with the nitrogen oxide type gas that nitrogenous fertilizer is used the back generation in a large number.The scientific worker of countries in the world develops sustained release fertilizer, new bio-fertilizer, organic composite fertilizer one after another for this reason, to improve nitrogen utilization efficiency, prevents that problems such as contaminate environment from loss appearring and in use.What present research in the world was comparatively popular is exactly the biotechnology method, and promptly applying biological suppressor factor (or promotor) mainly refers to the conventional fertilizer of improvement such as urease inhibitor, nitrification inhibitor and ammonia stablizer.Though biotechnology method production technique is simple, cost is lower.But because the stability of these biostatss itself is just poor, the effect of fixed nitrogen fertilizer can prolongation in time progressively lose effect in processing and use.For example, one type of the most frequently used urease inhibitor is a quinhydrones, is about 70% when the activity of inhibition nitrogen begins in soil, and the degrading activity after 14 days will drop to 12%.Also have some nitrification inhibitors, with the increase of temperature, its active transformation period degradation rate is accelerated in soil.Therefore, be badly in need of seeking the approach of a kind of stabilate suppressor factor (urease inhibitor and nitrification inhibitor).
Summary of the invention
First purpose of the present invention is: provide a kind of and can improve urease inhibitor and nitrification inhibitor stability and nitrogen stabilizer easy to use.
The technical scheme that realizes the present invention's first purpose is: a kind of nitrogen stabilizer; It is to use beta-cyclodextrin; Or beta-cyclodextrin and zeolite; Or the inclusion compound of beta-cyclodextrin and attapulgite clay and urease inhibitor and nitrification inhibitor mechanically mixing formation in 1～2 hour at normal temperatures, by weight, each raw material consumption is following:
Beta-cyclodextrin, or beta-cyclodextrin and zeolite, or beta-cyclodextrin and attapulgite clay are 1～20 part; In beta-cyclodextrin and the total consumption of zeolite; Zeolite accounts for 50～90%, and in beta-cyclodextrin and the total consumption of attapulgite clay, attapulgite clay accounts for 50～90%;
Urease inhibitor is 1～10 part;
Nitrification inhibitor is 0.5～10 part;
Said urease inhibitor is a kind of in normal-butyl thiophosphoryl triamine, quinhydrones, the thiocarbamide;
Said nitrification inhibitor is a Dyhard RU 100,3, a kind of in 4-dimethyl pyrazole phosphoric acid salt, the 4-aminotriazole;
Said beta-cyclodextrin, zeolite, attapulgite clay, urease inhibitor and nitrification inhibitor are meal; Wherein the particle size of beta-cyclodextrin, urease inhibitor and nitrification inhibitor is at 100～200 orders, and the particle size of zeolite and attapulgite clay is at 100～500 orders.
Above-mentioned nitrogen stabilizer, said mechanically mixing is meant ground and mixed or mixes.
Second purpose of the present invention is: provide generate the use of long-acting slow-release fertilizer a kind of above-mentioned nitrogen stabilizer is mixed with nitrogenous fertilizer, improve nitrogen utilization efficiency, reduce nitrogen loss.
Realize the technical scheme of second purpose of the present invention: a kind of application of above-mentioned nitrogen stabilizer is nitrogen stabilizer to be mixed with nitrogenous fertilizer generate the use of long-acting slow-release fertilizer, and wherein the consumption of nitrogen stabilizer is the 0.5wt%～10wt% of the nitrogen element total amount of nitrogenous fertilizer;
Said nitrogenous fertilizer is inorganic nitrogenous fertilizer, perhaps is nitrogenous composite fertilizer, perhaps is fertilizer.
In the application of above-mentioned nitrogen stabilizer, its said nitrogen stabilizer is mixed the method that generates the use of long-acting slow-release fertilizer and is with nitrogenous fertilizer:
Nitrogen stabilizer and nitrogenous fertilizer machinery are mixed formation powdery long-acting slow-release fertilizer;
Perhaps nitrogen stabilizer is formed particulate state long-acting slow-release fertilizer with nitrogenous fertilizer granulation;
Perhaps nitrogen stabilizer is mixed with membrane-forming agent, form particulate state long-acting slow-release fertilizer with nitrogenous fertilizer granulation again;
Perhaps nitrogen stabilizer is mixed with membrane-forming agent, add entry or solvent again and be mixed with the suspension-s that contains membrane-forming agent that can spray, be sprayed at the particulate state long-acting slow-release fertilizer that granular nitrogenous fertilizer particle surface forms coating then.
In the application of above-mentioned nitrogen stabilizer, its said membrane-forming agent is a kind of in animal blood meal, starch, Mierocrystalline cellulose and verivate thereof, chitosan, trehalose, Z 150PH, urea-formaldehyde glue, the palyacrylate binder.
In the application of above-mentioned nitrogen stabilizer, the weight ratio of its said membrane-forming agent consumption and nitrogen stabilizer is 0.5～10: 1.
Technique effect of the present invention is: the nitrogen stabilizer of technical scheme of the present invention is to use beta-cyclodextrin; Or beta-cyclodextrin and zeolite, or the inclusion compound of beta-cyclodextrin and attapulgite clay and urease inhibitor and nitrification inhibitor mechanically mixing formation in 1～2 hour at normal temperatures.The applicant finds through a large amount of tests; Utilize the beta-cyclodextrin molecule to have in the cavity of slightly tapered hollow cylinder three-dimensional ring structure and hollow cylinder owing to receive the characteristic of the hydrophobic region that the shielding effect of c h bond forms; Mix with an amount of beta-cyclodextrin through urease inhibitor and nitrification inhibitor; Urease inhibitor and nitrification inhibitor are wrapped in the cavity of hollow cylinder and form inclusion compound; Make the stability of urease inhibitor and nitrification inhibitor be improved; The effect that has overcome existing biostats (urease inhibitor and inhibiting nitrification) fixed nitrogen fertilizer in processing and use can prolongation in time progressively loses the shortcoming of effect; And the inclusion compound that beta-cyclodextrin and an amount of zeolite or attapulgite clay cooperation and urease inhibitor and nitrification inhibitor form; Utilized to have the stable urease inhibitor that zeolite or attapulgite clay provided of ion exchanging function and high absorbability and the function of nitrification inhibitor, can partly replace the higher beta-cyclodextrin of price, both reduced the stability that cost can also keep urease inhibitor and nitrification inhibitor; Nitrogen stabilizer of the present invention is mixed the use of generation long-acting slow-release fertilizer with nitrogenous fertilizer, very convenient.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is made further specific descriptions, but be not limited to this.
Each embodiment is raw materials used to be industrial goods and all can to buy through the commercial channel.Wherein, Beta-cyclodextrin, zeolite, attapulgite clay, urease inhibitor and nitrification inhibitor are meal; Wherein the particle size of beta-cyclodextrin, urease inhibitor and nitrification inhibitor is at 100～200 orders, and the particle size of zeolite and attapulgite clay is at 100～500 orders.
(1) preparation nitrogen stabilizer
Nitrogen stabilizer of the present invention is to use beta-cyclodextrin; Or beta-cyclodextrin and zeolite; Or the inclusion compound of beta-cyclodextrin and attapulgite clay and urease inhibitor and nitrification inhibitor mechanically mixing formation in 1～2 hour at normal temperatures, by weight, each raw material consumption is following:
Beta-cyclodextrin, or beta-cyclodextrin and zeolite, or beta-cyclodextrin and attapulgite clay are 1～20 part; In beta-cyclodextrin and the total consumption of zeolite; Zeolite accounts for 50～90%, and in beta-cyclodextrin and the total consumption of attapulgite clay, attapulgite clay accounts for 50～90%;
Urease inhibitor is 1～10 part;
Nitrification inhibitor is 0.5～10 part;
Said urease inhibitor is a kind of in normal-butyl thiophosphoryl triamine, quinhydrones, the thiocarbamide;
Said nitrification inhibitor is a Dyhard RU 100,3, a kind of in 4-dimethyl pyrazole phosphoric acid salt, the 4-aminotriazole;
Said beta-cyclodextrin, zeolite, attapulgite clay, urease inhibitor and nitrification inhibitor are meal; Wherein the particle size of beta-cyclodextrin, urease inhibitor and nitrification inhibitor is at 100～200 orders, and the particle size of zeolite and attapulgite clay is at 100～500 orders.
Embodiment 1
1. proportioning raw materials: beta-cyclodextrin 5 weight parts, urease inhibitor hydroquinone 1 weight part, nitrification inhibitor Dyhard RU 100 5 weight parts;
2. preparation: above-mentioned raw materials is added in the mixing vessel, mix under the normal temperature and formed inclusion compound in 1 hour, discharging, packing are nitrogen stabilizer 1#.
Embodiment 2
1. proportioning raw materials: beta-cyclodextrin 5 weight parts, attapulgite clay 5 weight parts, urease inhibitor normal-butyl thiophosphoryl triamine 1 weight part, nitrification inhibitor 3,4-dimethyl pyrazole phosphoric acid salt 5 weight parts;
2. preparation: above-mentioned raw materials is added in the mixing vessel, mix under the normal temperature and formed inclusion compound in 2 hours, discharging, packing are nitrogen stabilizer 2#.
Embodiment 3
1. proportioning raw materials: beta-cyclodextrin 6 weight parts, zeolite 10 weight parts, urease inhibitor normal-butyl thiophosphoryl triamine 1 weight part, nitrification inhibitor 3,4-dimethyl pyrazole phosphoric acid salt 5 weight parts;
2. preparation: above-mentioned raw materials is added in the mixing vessel, mix under the normal temperature and formed inclusion compound in 2 hours, discharging, packing are nitrogen stabilizer 3#.
Embodiment 4
1. proportioning raw materials: beta-cyclodextrin 6 weight parts, attapulgite clay 10 weight parts, urease inhibitor thiocarbamide 1 weight part, nitrification inhibitor 3,4-dimethyl pyrazole phosphoric acid salt 1 weight part;
2. preparation: above-mentioned raw materials is added in the mixing vessel, mix under the normal temperature and formed inclusion compound in 2 hours, discharging, packing are nitrogen stabilizer 4#.
(2) application of nitrogen stabilizer
Nitrogen stabilizer of the present invention is mixed generation long-acting slow-release fertilizer to be used with nitrogenous fertilizer; Wherein the consumption of nitrogen stabilizer is the 0.5wt%～10wt% of the nitrogen element total amount of nitrogenous fertilizer; Said nitrogenous fertilizer is inorganic nitrogenous fertilizer, perhaps is nitrogenous composite fertilizer, perhaps is fertilizer.Concrete method of use is seen embodiment 5～8.
Embodiment 5
Nitrogen stabilizer 1# and urea fertilizer mechanically mixing that embodiment 1 is made evenly form powdery long-acting slow-release urea, packing, and wherein, the consumption of nitrogen stabilizer is the 3wt% of the nitrogen element total amount of urea fertilizer.
Use the soil of the powdery long-acting slow-release urea of embodiment 5, nitrogen element residual quantity is 70% in 1 all backs soil, and uses the soil of the urea fertilizer of no nitrogen stabilizer 1#, and nitrogen element residual quantity is 20% in 1 all backs soil.
Embodiment 6
The nitrogen stabilizer 2# that embodiment 2 is made forms particulate state long-acting slow-release nitrogen phosphorus potassium three elements complex fertilizer with the granulation of nitrogen phosphorus potassium three elements complex fertilizer; Packing; Wherein, the consumption of nitrogen stabilizer is the 10wt% of the nitrogen element total amount of nitrogen phosphorus potassium three elements complex fertilizer.
Use the soil of the particulate state long-acting slow-release nitrogen phosphorus potassium three elements complex fertilizer of embodiment 6; The elements in Soil residual quantity is 75% after 1 week; And use the soil of the particulate state long-acting slow-release nitrogen phosphorus potassium three elements complex fertilizer of no nitrogen stabilizer 2#, nitrogen element residual quantity is 35% in the 1 week back soil.
Embodiment 7
The nitrogen stabilizer 3# that embodiment 3 is made mixes by 1: 5 with membrane-forming agent animal blood meal; Form particulate state long-acting slow-release urea with the urea granulation again; Packing; Wherein, the consumption of nitrogen stabilizer is the 3wt% of the nitrogen element total amount of urea fertilizer, and used animal blood meal is formed by animal blood (like pig blood) filtration, drying.
Use the soil of the particulate state long-acting slow-release urea of embodiment 7, nitrogen element residual quantity is 70% in 1 all backs soil, and uses the soil of the long-acting slow-release urea of no nitrogen stabilizer 3#, and the nitrogen element residual quantity after 1 week in the soil is 20%.
Embodiment 8
Nitrogen stabilizer 4# is mixed by 1: 8 with membrane-forming agent polyethylene powder alcohol; Add entry again and be mixed with the suspension-s that contains membrane-forming agent that 40wt% can spray; Be sprayed at the particulate state long-acting slow-release nitrogen phosphorus potassium three elements complex fertilizer that granular nitrogen phosphorus potassium three elements complex fertilizer particle surface forms coating then; Packing, wherein, the consumption of nitrogen stabilizer is the 2wt% of the nitrogen element total amount of nitrogen phosphorus potassium three elements complex fertilizer.
Use the soil of particulate state long-acting slow-release nitrogen phosphorus potassium three elements complex fertilizer of the coating of embodiment 8; Nitrogen element residual quantity is 80% in 1 all backs soil; And use the soil of particulate state long-acting slow-release nitrogen phosphorus potassium three elements complex fertilizer of the coating of no nitrogen stabilizer 4#, nitrogen element residual quantity is 40% in the 1 week back soil.
Membrane-forming agent among the embodiment 7 and 8 can be used a kind of replacement in starch, Mierocrystalline cellulose and verivate thereof, chitosan, trehalose, urea-formaldehyde glue, the palyacrylate binder; Effect is suitable, and the weight ratio of membrane-forming agent consumption and nitrogen stabilizer is 0.5～10: 1 scope.
(3) beta-cyclodextrin, or beta-cyclodextrin and zeolite, or beta-cyclodextrin and attapulgite clay are to the stabilization of traditional urase stablizer and nitrated stablizer
For relatively, relatively use nitrogen stabilizer A, B and C with different traditional urase stablizers and the conduct of nitrated combination of stabilizers, wherein,
Relatively form by quinhydrones 1 weight part and dicyanamide 5 weight parts with nitrogen stabilizer A;
Relatively use nitrogen stabilizer B by normal-butyl thiophosphoryl triamine 1 weight part and 3,4-dimethyl pyrazole phosphoric acid salt 5 weight parts are formed;
Relatively use nitrogen stabilizer C by thiocarbamide 1 weight part and 3,4-dimethyl pyrazole phosphoric acid salt 1 weight part is formed;
Nitrogen stabilizer 1# of the present invention～4# that the method that adopts embodiment 5 makes embodiment 1～4 and relatively evenly form powdery long-acting slow-release urea with the urea fertilizer mechanically mixing respectively with nitrogen stabilizer A, B and C, wherein the nitrogen stabilizer consumption is the 3wt% of the nitrogen element total amount of urea fertilizer.
Measure with existing method in the soil of using above-mentioned long-acting slow-release urea nitrogen element content and one week the back with the nitrogen element content in the soil after month, and then calculate respectively one week back and the residual quantity of nitrogen element in soil after month, specifically data are seen table 1.
Table 1
By 1 week back of record in the table 1 and after one month in the soil nitrogen element residual quantity can find out; The powdery long-acting slow-release urea that uses nitrogen stabilizer 1# of the present invention～4# to form; The residual quantity of its nitrogen element in soil all is higher than does not use beta-cyclodextrin; Or beta-cyclodextrin and zeolite, or beta-cyclodextrin and attapulgite clay handle relatively use nitrogen stabilizer A, B and C, prove beta-cyclodextrin; Or beta-cyclodextrin and zeolite; Or beta-cyclodextrin and attapulgite clay have the effect of the stability that improves traditional urase stablizer and nitrated stablizer, and beta-cyclodextrin is sneaked into an amount of zeolite or attapulgite clay not only suitably reduces product cost, also can suitably improve stabilization.
Claims (6)
1. a nitrogen stabilizer is characterized in that, it is to use beta-cyclodextrin; Or beta-cyclodextrin and zeolite; Or the inclusion compound of beta-cyclodextrin and attapulgite clay and urease inhibitor and nitrification inhibitor mechanically mixing formation in 1～2 hour at normal temperatures, by weight, each raw material consumption is following:
Beta-cyclodextrin, or beta-cyclodextrin and zeolite, or beta-cyclodextrin and attapulgite clay are 1～20 part; In beta-cyclodextrin and the total consumption of zeolite; Zeolite accounts for 50～90%, and in beta-cyclodextrin and the total consumption of attapulgite clay, attapulgite clay accounts for 50～90%;
Urease inhibitor is 1～10 part;
Nitrification inhibitor is 0.5～10 part;
Said urease inhibitor is a kind of in normal-butyl thiophosphoryl triamine, quinhydrones, the thiocarbamide;
Said nitrification inhibitor is a Dyhard RU 100,3, a kind of in 4-dimethyl pyrazole phosphoric acid salt, the 4-aminotriazole;
Said beta-cyclodextrin, zeolite, attapulgite clay, urease inhibitor and nitrification inhibitor are meal; Wherein the particle size of beta-cyclodextrin, urease inhibitor and nitrification inhibitor is at 100～200 orders, and the particle size of zeolite and attapulgite clay is at 100～500 orders.
2. nitrogen stabilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that said mechanically mixing is meant ground and mixed or mixes.
3. the application of the nitrogen stabilizer of a claim 1 is characterized in that, nitrogen stabilizer is mixed generating the use of long-acting slow-release fertilizer with nitrogenous fertilizer, and wherein the consumption of nitrogen stabilizer is the 0.5wt%～10wt% of the nitrogen element total amount of nitrogenous fertilizer;
Said nitrogenous fertilizer is inorganic nitrogenous fertilizer, perhaps is nitrogenous composite fertilizer, perhaps is fertilizer.
4. the application of nitrogen stabilizer according to claim 3 is characterized in that, said nitrogen stabilizer is mixed the method that generates the use of long-acting slow-release fertilizer and is with nitrogenous fertilizer:
Nitrogen stabilizer and nitrogenous fertilizer machinery are mixed formation powdery long-acting slow-release fertilizer;
Perhaps nitrogen stabilizer is formed particulate state long-acting slow-release fertilizer with nitrogenous fertilizer granulation;
Perhaps nitrogen stabilizer is mixed with membrane-forming agent, form particulate state long-acting slow-release fertilizer with nitrogenous fertilizer granulation again;
Perhaps nitrogen stabilizer is mixed with membrane-forming agent, add entry or solvent again and be mixed with the suspension-s that contains membrane-forming agent that can spray, be sprayed at the particulate state long-acting slow-release fertilizer that granular nitrogenous fertilizer particle surface forms coating then.
5. the application of nitrogen stabilizer according to claim 4 is characterized in that, said membrane-forming agent is a kind of in animal blood meal, starch, Mierocrystalline cellulose and verivate thereof, chitosan, trehalose, Z 150PH, urea-formaldehyde glue, the palyacrylate binder.
6. according to the application of claim 4 or 5 described nitrogen stabilizer, it is characterized in that the weight ratio of said membrane-forming agent consumption and nitrogen stabilizer is 0.5～10: 1.
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