CN102742511A - Ultralow-density natural compound clumping cat litter and production process thereof - Google Patents
Ultralow-density natural compound clumping cat litter and production process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102742511A CN102742511A CN201210254065XA CN201210254065A CN102742511A CN 102742511 A CN102742511 A CN 102742511A CN 201210254065X A CN201210254065X A CN 201210254065XA CN 201210254065 A CN201210254065 A CN 201210254065A CN 102742511 A CN102742511 A CN 102742511A
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Abstract
The invention discloses ultralow-density natural compound clumping cat litter which comprises, by weight percent, 20%-70% of natural sodium bentonite, 1%-10% of column chromatography silica gel, and 20%-50% of pearlite. The invention further discloses a production process of the ultralow-density natural compound clumping cat litter. The production process is characterized by including the steps of firstly, by total weight of combination, adding 25%-65% of the natural sodium bentonite, 3%-8% of the column chromatography silica gel and 25%-35% of the pearlite into a mixer, mixing for 3-8 minutes by the mixer, and using a screw conveyor to feed the mixture into a U-shaped spiral chute for preparing discharging and pelletizing; secondly, placing the materials mixed in the first step on a disk or other proper rotary machines, adding a certain amount of water, and pelletizing under process conditions; and thirdly, drying pellets by multiple drying ways such as reverse drying to enable water content to reach 8-10%. The ultralow-density natural compound clumping cat litter has the advantages of light weight 60-70% less than that of tarditioanl bentonite cat litter, convenience to carry, high clumping capacity, and easiness to treat.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the extremely-low density natural composite material that a kind of cat is used, the composite that discloses a kind of uniqueness is formed, and also relates to the method for making this cat litter.
Background technology
Growing along with as the pet cat in the family a kind of cat litter product occurred and has been used for absorbing urine, soil waste and control smell.Do not have cat litter to exist in the past, cat has to perhaps handle excreta on wood chip or the sand outside, has caused very big environmental pollution like this.Cat litter 1948 by U.S. invention, early stage cat litter mainly is that the clay cat litter with not conglomeration is main, but this type cat litter group of connecing not; Be not easy to people and handle the excreta of cat,, the conglomeration clay sand occurred along with the cat litter continuous advancement in technology; Bentonite cat litter comes into vogue, because their characteristics own can be wrapped up cat urine rapidly; Make cat urine can form a group, be convenient to cleaning, reduce the cat litter of stench rubbish.But the cat litter dust of this type is big, and deodorizing capability is poor, can only help deodorizing through interpolation aromatic or other deodorant, and density is relatively big, and freight charges are expensive, are not easy to when the consumer buys carry.Mostly be the calcium-base bentonite cat litter and exist in the market.
As time goes on, having occurred biodegradable cat litter on the market, mainly is the cellulose by light density, wheat; Corn, bamboo, pine tree, or other provide ready-made organic substance; Soaking effect is good, and coefficient of losses is low, and is easy to use; But this cat litter can nourish bacterium, does not particularly clear up many cat litters for a long time, smell and cat urine and the bigger stink of excreta generation that bacterium goes mouldy and produces; It is bigger problem that the removal of the ammonia flavor that especially produces is compared with the clay cat litter, and this cat litter is compared not only not conglomeration with the sodium bentonite cat litter, also produces the more difficult cleaning of more piece piece or particle.Cat prefers using the bedding and padding as husky.
What the silica gel cat litter mainly used is the block ambiguity silicon of C type, and this cat litter has the better deodorizing of bigger hole.This cat litter great advantage be high adsorption capacity and deodorizing capability.But, cost an arm and a leg, and the silica gel cat litter itself having water caltrop, the characteristics that hardness is high are grabbed out many cat litters by ram's horn from the cat litter box and are hurt people and cat easily.The generally not conglomeration of this cat litter.
Summary of the invention
To the deficiency that prior art exists, technical problem to be solved by this invention is, provides a kind of conglomeration performance strong, and the taste removal ability is good, and adsorbing capacity is high, low-density, natural compound conglomeration cat litter of easy-to-handle extremely-low density and production technology thereof.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention taked is: the natural compound conglomeration cat litter of a kind of extremely-low density, comprise natural sodium bentonite, chromatographic column silica gel and perlite, and its percentage by weight is respectively:
Natural sodium bentonite 20wt%～70wt%;
Chromatographic column silica gel 1wt%～10wt%;
Perlite 20wt%～50wt%.
The natural compound conglomeration cat litter of above-mentioned extremely-low density, said natural sodium bentonite, chromatographic column silica gel and perlitic percentage by weight are respectively:
Natural sodium bentonite 25wt%～65wt%;
Chromatographic column silica gel 3wt%～8wt%;
Perlite 25wt%～35wt%.
The production technology of the natural compound conglomeration cat litter of a kind of extremely-low density is characterized in that comprising following processing step:
The first step is mixed stirring:
(1) in the gross weight of composition, with the natural sodium bentonite of 25wt%-65wt%, the post layer silica gel of 3wt%-8wt%; The perlite of 25wt%-35wt% gets into agitator;
(2), get into U type helicla flute through conveying worm and prepare the blanking granulation after 3～8 minutes through the agitator stirring;
The second step granulation
The first step is mixed stirred materials be put into to add in rotaries that disk or other are fit to and account for a certain amount of water, produce particle according to process conditions;
The oven dry of the 3rd step
Using many drying modes is reverse oven dry; The main drying that adopts hot-air and steam method to drive product is transported to rotary drier with the molecule of machine-shaping, and product gets into drying chamber by low temperature; Go out from the high temperature mouth then, make water content finally reach 8-10%.
The advantage that finishing formula of the present invention increases friction electrodynamic type driving wheel is: what this product used is natural sodium bentonite, compares with traditional bentonite cat litter, has to absorb cat urine and with its ability of parcel rapidly, viscosity is high, and expansion multiple is big, and the product conglomeration is firm.Because add post layer silica gel composition, the absorbing and deodorizing ability has been strengthened greatly; And what this product absorbing and deodorizing adopted is chemisorbed, has stronger adsorption capacity.The maximum characteristics of this product have in light weight, than the light 60%-70% of traditional bentonite cat litter, are easy to carry, and the conglomeration ability is strong, are easy to handle.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the curve map in the present invention cat litter aperture after reverse oven dry;
Fig. 2 is the curve map in cat litter aperture, conventional oven dry back.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the present invention is explained further details;
Embodiment 1:
The natural compound conglomeration cat litter of a kind of extremely-low density, natural sodium bentonite, chromatographic column silica gel and perlitic percentage by weight are respectively:
Natural sodium bentonite 25wt%;
Chromatographic column silica gel 3wt%;
Perlite 25wt%.
The production technology of the natural compound conglomeration cat litter of a kind of extremely-low density is characterized in that comprising following processing step:
The first step is mixed stirring:
(1) in the gross weight of composition, with the natural sodium bentonite of 25wt%, the post layer silica gel of 3wt%; The perlite of 25wt% gets into agitator;
(2), get into U type helicla flute through conveying worm and prepare the blanking granulation after 3 minutes through the agitator stirring;
The second step granulation
The first step is mixed stirred materials be put into to add in rotaries that disk or other are fit to and account for a certain amount of water, produce particle according to process conditions;
The oven dry of the 3rd step
Using many drying modes is reverse oven dry; The main drying that adopts hot-air and steam method to drive product is transported to rotary drier with the molecule of machine-shaping, and product gets into drying chamber by low temperature; Go out from the high temperature mouth then, make water content finally reach 8%.
Embodiment 2:
The natural compound conglomeration cat litter of a kind of extremely-low density, it is characterized in that: said natural sodium bentonite, chromatographic column silica gel and perlitic percentage by weight are respectively:
Natural sodium bentonite 40wt%;
Chromatographic column silica gel 5wt%;
Perlite 30wt%.
The production technology of the natural compound conglomeration cat litter of a kind of extremely-low density is characterized in that comprising following processing step:
The first step is mixed stirring:
(1) in the gross weight of composition, with the natural sodium bentonite of 40wt%, the post layer silica gel of 5wt%; The perlite of 30wt% gets into agitator;
(2), get into U type helicla flute through conveying worm and prepare the blanking granulation after 5 minutes through the agitator stirring;
The second step granulation
The first step is mixed stirred materials be put into to add in rotaries that disk or other are fit to and account for a certain amount of water, produce particle according to process conditions;
The oven dry of the 3rd step
Using many drying modes is reverse oven dry; The main drying that adopts hot-air and steam method to drive product is transported to rotary drier with the molecule of machine-shaping, and product gets into drying chamber by low temperature; Go out from the high temperature mouth then, make water content finally reach 9%.
Embodiment 3:
The natural compound conglomeration cat litter of a kind of extremely-low density, it is characterized in that: said natural sodium bentonite, chromatographic column silica gel and perlitic percentage by weight are respectively:
Natural sodium bentonite 65wt%;
Chromatographic column silica gel 8wt%;
Perlite 35wt%.
The production technology of the natural compound conglomeration cat litter of a kind of extremely-low density is characterized in that comprising following processing step:
The first step is mixed stirring:
(1) in the gross weight of composition, with the natural sodium bentonite of 65wt%, the post layer silica gel of 8wt%; The perlite of 35wt% gets into agitator;
(2), get into U type helicla flute through conveying worm and prepare the blanking granulation after 8 minutes through the agitator stirring;
The second step granulation
The first step is mixed stirred materials be put into to add in rotaries that disk or other are fit to and account for a certain amount of water, produce particle according to process conditions;
The oven dry of the 3rd step
Using many drying modes is reverse oven dry; The main drying that adopts hot-air and steam method to drive product is transported to rotary drier with the molecule of machine-shaping, and product gets into drying chamber by low temperature; Go out from the high temperature mouth then, make water content finally reach 10%.
It is natural sodium bentonite that the present invention uses bentonite, and natural sodium bentonite is superior than the physico chemical property and the process technology performance of calcium-base bentonite.Mainly show: absorption speed is slow, but water absorption rate and expansion multiple are big; Cation exchange capacity is high; Good dispersion in aqueous medium, colloid index is high; Its soliquid thixotropy, viscosity, lubricity are good; Heat stability is good; Higher plasticity and stronger cohesiveness are arranged; Hot green tensile strength and dry-pressing intensity are high.So the use value and the economic worth of natural sodium bentonite are higher.Up to the present, think that the moisture in the bentonite has three kinds of forms: a kind of water is free water, i.e. the water of bentonite clay particle absorption is heated to more than 100 ℃, just can remove free water, has removed the bentonite of free water, and cementitiousness is unaffected; Two kinds of water are strong bonded water, 110 ℃ of following long-time heating, and bentonite can remove free water fully, but can not remove strong bonded water.Remove the bentonite of free water fully, heating still can continue loss of weight under higher temperature (as 200 ℃, 300 ℃) again, explains to still have moisture loss.Bentonite as long as add water, can recover cementitiousness fully behind such thermal dehydration; Three kinds of water are lattice watters, and also the someone is referred to as constitution water.Lattice watter only could partly or entirely remove under quite high temperature.After bentonitic lattice watter removes, promptly lose cementitiousness, become dead clay.Different bentonites, the temperature of forfeiture cementitiousness is different.Proved by the differential thermal analysis experiment: in general, the invalid temperature of natural sodium bentonite is 638 ℃, and calcium-base bentonite is 216 ℃.The sodium bentonite of artificial activation, because activation condition is different, invalid temperature differs, but all is lower than natural sodium bentonite, generally about 300 ℃.
Preferred 25wt%～the 65wt% of the content of natural sodium bentonite; , tied according to a large amount of experiments, in this proportioning, involve the displacement reaction in the chemistry, the reaction needed heating condition carries out, and reaction equation is following: 6 (Na; Ca) 0.33 (Al, Mg, Fe) 2 [(Si, Al) 4O10 → (Na; 2) 0.33 (Al, Mg, Fe) 2 [(Si, Al) 4O10] (OH) 4+2CaO; And this product just can obtain best reaming effect under this proportioning.
The silica gel that the present invention uses is to adopt nanoscale granular colloidal silica (being mainly used in chromatographic column so claim post layer silica gel again), and post layer silica gel main component is a silica.Have the purity height, the characteristics of safety and sanitation are the colloidal state systems with solid property, are made up of the colloidal particle that forms agglutinate structure.Colloidal particle is the condensation polymer of hydration status silica gel (multi-silicate), belongs to amorphous substance.The gap of the aggregate of colloidal particle forms the micro hole structure of reagent column chromatography silica gel granule interior.Therefore; It is a kind of microcellular structure of enriching that has, and high-specific surface area, high-purity, highly active high-quality sorbing material not only can the physical adsorption macromolecular compounds; And can carry out the chemisorbed macromolecular compound; React with organic polymer, thereby it is used in the cat litter, the weight ratio of post layer silica gel is for being provided with 3wt%～8wt%; Be to obtain optimal selection according to experiment, generally the content of ammonia is 5% in the cat urine, the reaction SiO2.H2O+NH3 → SiO2.NH3+H2O of participation, and the smelly big molecule in the absorption cat excreta that can be strong, thus reach the effect of deodorizing.
Physical adsorption is that the fluid molecule and the intermolecular active force of the surface of solids that are adsorbed are inter-molecular attraction, and it is a kind of reversible process.When the gravitation between surface of solids molecule and gas or fluid molecule during greater than gas or the intermolecular gravitation of liquid internal, the molecule of gas or liquid just is attracted on the surface of solids.From the molecular motion viewpoint, these molecules that are adsorbed on the surface of solids are because molecular motion also can and get into the gas (or liquid) from surface of solids disengaging and go, and any chemical change does not take place for itself.Along with the rising of temperature, the kinetic energy of gas molecule increases, and molecule just is difficult for being trapped in because of on the surface, (or removes i.e. so-called " desorption " in the liquid and escape into gas more and more.The reversible phenomenon of this adsorption-desorption all exists in physical adsorption.The characteristic of physical adsorption is that any chemical reaction does not take place adsorbent, and adsorption process is carried out to such an extent that be exceedingly fast, and participates in instantaneous can the reaching of each alternate balance of absorption.
Chemisorbed is the acting result of chemical bonding force between the surface of solids and absorbate.The absorption of this type needs certain activation energy.The size of this chemical bond affinity is can difference very big, but it substantially exceeds the Van der Waals force of physical adsorption.The adsorption heat that the adsorption heat that chemisorbed is emitted is emitted than physical adsorption is much bigger, reaches the such order of magnitude of chemical reaction heat.And the adsorption heat that physical adsorption is emitted is close with the heat of liquefaction of gas usually.Chemisorbed is irreversible often, and behind the desorption, chemical change has often taken place the material of desorption no longer is original proterties, so its process is irreversible.The speed of chemisorbed is carried out slowlyer mostly, and adsorption equilibrium also needs the long duration just can reach, and the rising temperature can increase the rate of adsorption widely.Desorption for this type absorption also is difficult for carrying out, and often needs very high temperature to evict the molecule that is adsorbed from.
The perlite that this material is used not only has the advantage of dispersed and good penetrability when mixing with other materials of this product; The product light specific gravity that obtains; Particle is mellow and full strong, and conglomeration is firm, in reverse drying course, dehydration can take place; Thereby obtain new material, perlitic weight ratio is for being provided with 25wt%～35wt%.Be to obtain optimal selection according to experiment, and this product just can obtain the best removal peculiar smell effect and the effect of light specific gravity under this proportioning, concrete experiment is reacted as follows:
Al5Si8O20(OH2)6+2NH3→Al5Si8O20(NH4)2(OH2)4+HO2，
This new material can react with cat excreta generation chemisorbed, reaches the effect of deodorizing with this.
It is reverse oven dry that the present invention uses many drying modes; Traditional drying mode mainly contains two kinds and dries method and fire () heating, drying method naturally; Naturally dry be meant mainly utilize outside air temperature heat and air flow and make product reach dry purpose, and fire () heating, drying rule is to utilize the local temperature of energy heating of fire or electricity, makes product reach dry purpose; Traditional drying mode product is got into by the thermal source of high temperature, is exported out by low temperature.
Reverse oven dry: mainly adopt hot-air and steam method to drive the drying of product, product gets into drying chamber by low temperature, goes out from the high temperature mouth then; The water content of product is controlled easily, and in the presence of steam, finds through experiment; Reverse oven dry has very big effect for the reaming of mineral matter and the pore passage structure of microcosmic; Reverse oven dry mainly is under high temperature action, to carry out displacement reaction with the metal ion of mineral matter through steam, alleviates density thereby reach, and increases absorption affinity.The product of presents is participated in chemical reaction, produces new material and exists, and makes the duct of product obtain diffusion, can alleviate density of product, and resulting cat litter effect has superpower absorption affinity and conglomeration ability.
Fig. 1 is the aperture figure of this product, and Fig. 2 is the aperture structure of routine oven dry, finds through contrast, and there is significant increase in the aperture of the reverse oven dry product of process than traditional oven dry product aperture.Reverse oven dry has had the novelty improvement to product quality.
Find that in experimentation moisture is the important techniques index of cat litter conglomeration, and this moisture and the technology of oven dry have very big related; The cat litter moisture that conventional oven dry obtains all compares lowly; And temperature is not easy to control that the moisture with the baking of cat litter product is low excessively easily, influences the quality of cat litter product, and the drying mode of the novelty that this patent adopted has been changed this situation; And according to the experiment proof; Moisture be lower than 6% can influence the many water-bounds of bentonite, thereby influence this main performance of its conglomeration, the moisture that experiment obtains after cat litter is dried should be the most suitable between 8-10%.
Table 1 performance test and product specification
Certainly, above-mentioned explanation is not to be limitation of the present invention, and the present invention also is not limited to above-mentioned giving an example; Those skilled in the art; In essential scope of the present invention, the variation of making, remodeling, interpolation or replacement all should belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. the natural compound conglomeration cat litter of extremely-low density comprises natural sodium bentonite, chromatographic column silica gel and perlite, and its percentage by weight is respectively:
Natural sodium bentonite 20wt%～70wt%;
Chromatographic column silica gel 1wt%～10wt%;
Perlite 20wt%～50wt%.
2. the natural compound conglomeration cat litter of extremely-low density according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: said natural sodium bentonite, chromatographic column silica gel and perlitic percentage by weight are respectively:
Natural sodium bentonite 25wt%～65wt%;
Chromatographic column silica gel 3wt%～8wt%;
Perlite 25wt%～35wt%.
3. the production technology of the natural compound conglomeration cat litter of extremely-low density is characterized in that comprising following processing step:
The first step is mixed stirring:
(1) in the gross weight of composition, with the natural sodium bentonite of 25wt%-65wt%, the post layer silica gel of 3wt%-8wt%; The perlite of 25wt%-35wt% gets into agitator;
(2), get into U type helicla flute through conveying worm and prepare the blanking granulation after 3～8 minutes through the agitator stirring;
The second step granulation
The first step is mixed stirred materials be put into to add in rotaries that disk or other are fit to and account for a certain amount of water, produce particle according to process conditions;
The oven dry of the 3rd step
Using many drying modes is reverse oven dry; The main drying that adopts hot-air and steam method to drive product is transported to rotary drier with the molecule of machine-shaping, and product gets into drying chamber by low temperature; Go out from the high temperature mouth then, make water content finally reach 8-10%.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN103444554A (en) * | 2012-06-05 | 2013-12-18 | 项进军 | Manufacturing technique of bentonite cat litter |
| EP2845471A1 (en) | 2013-09-05 | 2015-03-11 | Tomasz Gawron | Animal litter composition, especially suitable for cats |
| CN104429987A (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2015-03-25 | 芜湖悠派卫生用品有限公司 | Fine pored silicon gel cat litter and preparing method thereof |
| CN104521768A (en) * | 2014-12-04 | 2015-04-22 | 芜湖倍思科创园有限公司 | Low-density light-scented particulate cat litter and preparation method thereof |
| CN109892237A (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2019-06-18 | 盱眙博图凹土股份有限公司 | A kind of production equipment and method of agglomerate type cat sand |
| CN110036926A (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2019-07-23 | 南京咕噜材料科技有限公司 | A kind of natural plant fibre cat litter and preparation method thereof |
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| CN104429987A (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2015-03-25 | 芜湖悠派卫生用品有限公司 | Fine pored silicon gel cat litter and preparing method thereof |
| CN104521768A (en) * | 2014-12-04 | 2015-04-22 | 芜湖倍思科创园有限公司 | Low-density light-scented particulate cat litter and preparation method thereof |
| CN109892237A (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2019-06-18 | 盱眙博图凹土股份有限公司 | A kind of production equipment and method of agglomerate type cat sand |
| CN110036926A (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2019-07-23 | 南京咕噜材料科技有限公司 | A kind of natural plant fibre cat litter and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20121024 |