CN102735650A - Particle field transient multi-picture holography device and method - Google Patents
Particle field transient multi-picture holography device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102735650A CN102735650A CN2012102400175A CN201210240017A CN102735650A CN 102735650 A CN102735650 A CN 102735650A CN 2012102400175 A CN2012102400175 A CN 2012102400175A CN 201210240017 A CN201210240017 A CN 201210240017A CN 102735650 A CN102735650 A CN 102735650A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of holography, particularly a particle field transient multi-picture holography device and a particle field transient multi-picture holography method. Aiming at the situation that multi-picture continuous particle field transient holography cannot be carried out in the prior art, the invention provides the particle field transient multi-picture holography device and the particle field transient multi-picture holography method based on a photo-induced polymer. The device comprises a coherent light generating device, an object light regulating device, a reference light regulating device, a synchronization control device, a holographic plate and the like. The method provided by the invention comprises the following steps that the synchronization control device is used to detect the particle field and send signals to the coherent light generating device and a light beam deflection device; the coherent light generating device generates two paths of coherent light according to the signals; one path of the coherent light forms the object light with the particle field information through the object light regulating device; the other path of coherent light forms the reference light through the reference light regulating device; the object light and the reference light form interference fringe on the holographic plate to be recorded by a photo-induced holographic plate. The device can be applied to the field of holography.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the holograph field, especially relate to a kind of several holographic devices of Particle Field transient state and method
.
Background technology
Holography is used for the single width of Particle Field and fluid field already takes, and has made huge contribution for these fields.Characteristics such as its noncontact, big visual field, the big depth of field and 3-d reproduction make it have special advantages at the Particle Field diagnostic field.Adopting holography that Particle Field is detected generally includes record, develops and reproduces three links.Record is meant that mainly interference field that two light beams that the same pulse of pulse laser tells form on recording medium (holographic dry plate) surface causes the photochemical reaction (exposure) of holographic dry plate; Holographic dry plate after the exposure has write down the intensity distributions of interference field; A branch of information (thing light) that has Particle Field in this two-beam, another bundle is not with Particle Field information (reference light).Developing mainly is aimed at silver halide emulsion, dichromated gelatin, these three types of materials of photoresist, and developing process makes and photochemically reactive part does not take place is cleaned, and makes photochemically reactive part has taken place to remain.Reproduction is meant the holographic dry plate after the angular illumination the when reference light that adopts in the above-mentioned two-beam is with record is developed, thereby makes thing light reproduced out with the form of diffraction light.Utilize this method can reappear the distributed in three dimensions of a certain moment Particle Field.
Writing down Particle Field evolutionary process in time if desired just needs to accomplish the transient recording of several holograms.A kind of way is to place side by side many holographic dry plates, and placement hypervelocity shutter makes these holographic dry plates make public in the different moment in each dry plate corresponding reference light and thing light light path.This method makes each holographic dry plate have different visual angles, has the deviation of field of view angle between each light field that therefore reproduction is come out, and is unfavorable for reproducing and observes.Each opens holographic dry plate in this method all needs the corresponding light path element of a cover, and the ten minutes that therefore pen recorder will become when holographic dry plate quantity rises is complicated, is not easy to debugging and safeguards and involve great expense.
Another kind of way is that holographic dry plate is made optical disc shapes, and making holographic dry plate serves as that axle is done high speed rotating with the normal of crossing cd centre, reasonably adjusts rotational speed and just can make exposure area each time different.Because common high-speed electric expreess locomotive can only reach several ten thousand rpms at present, therefore whole video disc recording finished the needed time in the millisecond magnitude.Under the constant condition of interference region constant area and disc size this parameter limit the further raising of temporal resolution.This method requires accurate cooperation the between rotational speed and the pulse laser frequency, this difficulty that becomes when accurately being engaged in high speed rotating.This method also can make the hologram that records dynamic fuzzy occur owing to the rotation of CD.
With the photopolymer material is the holographic dry plate of recording medium, and its recording medium thickness can reach hundreds of micron and even thicker, is called as volume hologram with the hologram of its record, and volume hologram has tangible angle Selection characteristic.Utilize the angle Selection characteristic of volume hologram, can write down several holograms at the same volumetric region of recording medium, and each width of cloth hologram can be reproduced respectively.A kind of several holographic recording technology that are the basis with volume hologram angle Selection characteristic are called as angular multiplexed technology, and this technology is widely used in the high density data storage.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is: the problem to the light path adjustment is difficult in above-mentioned existing several holographic technologies of Particle Field transient state, temporal resolution is low proposes a kind of several holographic devices of Particle Field transient state and method based on photopolymer.The present invention appears at the observation area through isochronous controller to Particle Field and detects constantly; Transmit control signal to coherent light generation device and acoustooptic deflector and to make the two-way coherent light that the coherent light generation device produces; Wherein one road coherent light has Particle Field information through thing light regulating device and shines on holographic dry plate; Another road coherent light makes through the reference light regulating device and produces the different reference lighies of angle different irradiation on holographic dry plate constantly; Thing light and reference light form and interfere on holographic dry plate; Realized several holographs of high time resolution transient state under the simple optical travel permit spare, in addition, also be used for the image of Particle Field is passed near picture to holographic dry plate 12 record effects with raising holographic dry plate 12 as device 11 through second biography is set.In addition also, the second polarization state regulating device 14 is used to regulate another Shu Xianggan polarization state of light through the output of light beam beam splitting arrangement through being set; And then make coherent light have identical polarization state with a branch of coherent light of process collimator and extender device 4 through the second polarization state regulating device 14; In addition also be used to adjust the polarization state that laser instrument 1 produces pulse signal through the first polarization state regulating device 2 is set, when light beam beam splitting arrangement 3 during for Glan prism or polarization splitting prism the first polarization state regulating device 2 can be used for regulating the power ratio of the two-beam that light beam beam splitting arrangement 3 tells; In addition, also be used for the spot diameter of amplifying laser device 1 generation laser facula in advance, and then protection light beam beam splitting arrangement 3 can not damaged by high-power laser pulse through the 3rd beam-expanding collimation device 15 is set; Through being set, optical delay device 16 is used for the phase place of the road coherent light that produces through light beam beam splitting arrangement 3 is regulated in addition; Make that the two bundle coherent light phase places that produce through the light beam beam splitting arrangement are consistent, guarantee that final thing light and the reference light that forms can produce interference fringe.
The technical scheme that the present invention adopts is following:
A kind of several holographic devices of Particle Field transient state comprise coherent light generation device, thing light regulating device, reference light regulating device, sync control device 13, holographic dry plate 12; The coherent light generation device is used to receive the trigger pip of sync control device 13 and produces laser pulse and it is divided into two and restraints coherent lights; Thing light regulating device, a branch of introducing observation area 9 of the two bundle coherent lights that are used for the coherent light generation device is produced is observation area 9 back lighting is provided, and this Shu Guang becomes thing light after through observation area 9; Sync control device 13 is used for control signal being provided for respectively coherent light generation device, reference light regulating device; The reference light regulating device, the angle that is used to regulate another bundle coherent light that the coherent light generation device produces forms reference light with polarization state, makes the thing light and reference light formation interference that thing light regulating device is regulated; Holographic dry plate 12 is used to write down the interference fringe of thing light and reference light formation.
Said coherent light generation device comprises laser instrument 1, is used for producing laser pulse according to the trigger pip of sync control device 13 outputs; Light beam beam splitting arrangement 3 (Glan prism or polarization spectroscope); Be used for that the pulse signal that laser instrument 1 produces is divided into two bundle coherent lights and be input to thing light regulating device, reference light regulating device respectively, light beam beam splitting arrangement 3 is input to one road light of thing light regulating device and another road luminous power ratio that light beam beam splitting arrangement 3 is input to the reference light regulating device is 1:2～1:30.
Said thing light regulating device comprises the first beam-expanding collimation device 4, is used for the road coherent light spot diameter that the interference light generation device produces is amplified, and its enlargement factor is 10～40 times; Second catoptron 8 is used for the thing light of the first beam-expanding collimation device 4 is reflexed to observation area 9, forms to have in the observation area 9 by object of observation information and shine the thing light in holographic dry plate.
Said thing light regulating device comprises that also second passes as device 11; Said second biography is positioned between observation area 9 and the holographic dry plate as device 11; Be used for to have observation area 9 through observation area 9 formation and be delivered to holographic dry plate 12 by the thing light of object of observation information; Second biography comprises the 3rd lens, two lens of the 4th lens as device 11; The focal length that said the 3rd lens, the 4th pass through equates, said second passes as the distance of device 11 and holographic dry plate 12 and pass as the long 5mm～30mm of back focal length of device 11 than said second or lack 5mm～30mm.
Said reference light regulating device comprises first catoptron 5, is used to regulate the angle of another road coherent light that light beam beam splitting arrangement 3 produces; Acoustooptic deflector 6 is used for according to the control signal generation controlled frequency of sync control device 13 outputs the coherent light through acoustooptic deflector 6 being deflected, and acoustooptic deflector 6 ranges of deflection are 0～3.2 °; The second beam-expanding collimation device 7 is used for the coherent light spot diameter that angular deflection takes place through acoustooptic deflector 6 is amplified, and it is 1:2～5:1 that the first beam-expanding collimation device 4 and the second beam-expanding collimation device 7 expand the beam ratio value; First passes as device 10; Be used for to pass through the coherent light that beam-expanding collimation device 7 amplifies and reach holographic dry plate 12; First biography comprises first lens, two lens of second lens as device 10; The focal length that said first lens, second pass through equates, first passes as device 10 and equal to pass the front focal length as device 10 apart from the distance of acoustooptic deflector 6, and first passes as device 10 and equal to pass the back focal length as device 10 apart from the distance of holographic dry plate 12; When wherein reference light does not deflect and the angle of thing light be 10 °～30 °, the angle of thing light and photo-induced polymer holographic dry plate normal is 10 °～30 °.
Said sync control device 13 comprises Electro-Optical Sensor Set 17, is used for before Particle Field gets into observation area 9, detecting the appearance of Particle Field, and exports detectable signal simultaneously to digital delay device 19; Digital delay device 19 after being used to receive the detectable signal of Electro-Optical Sensor Set, is given laser instrument 1 and is sent trigger pip for single-chip microcomputer 18 behind the delay time of setting; Single-chip microcomputer 18 is used for after the trigger pip that detects 19 transmissions of digital delay device, changing the outputting drive voltage frequency of acoustooptic deflector power supply 20 according to the time interval of setting; Acoustooptic deflector power supply 20 is used for the deflection angle of guide sound light deflector 6 behind the driving voltage frequency control signal that receives single-chip microcomputer 18 outputs.
A kind of several holographic devices of Particle Field transient state; Also comprise the first polarization state regulating device 2, at least one optical delay device 16, the 3rd beam-expanding collimation device 15; The said first polarization state regulating device 2 is half-wave plate, compensator, polaroid or Faraday polarization apparatus, is used to adjust the polarization state that laser instrument 1 produces pulse signal; The 3rd beam-expanding collimation device 15 is used for the spot diameter entering amplification with the pulse signal of laser instrument 1 emission, reduces pulse laser owing to the damage of high power to light beam beam splitting arrangement 3; Optical delay device 16; Be used for the phase place of the road coherent light that produces through light beam beam splitting arrangement 3 is regulated; Make that the two bundle coherent light phase places that produce through light beam beam splitting arrangement 3 are consistent; Said optical delay device 16 comprises the 3rd catoptron 21, is used for the road coherent light that produces through light beam beam splitting arrangement 3 is carried out 90 ° of deflections; Right-angle prism 23 is used for the coherent light through the 3rd catoptron 21 is carried out 180 ° of deflections; The 4th catoptron 22 is used for the coherent light through right-angle prism 23 is carried out 90 ° deflection.
When light beam beam splitting arrangement 3 is Glan prism; Said reference light regulating device also comprises the second polarization state regulating device 14; Be used to regulate through the relevant polarization state of light in another road of light beam beam splitting arrangement 3 outputs; Feasible road coherent light through the second polarization state regulating device 14 has identical polarization state with one road coherent light of process collimator and extender device 4, and the said second polarization state regulating device 14 comprises half-wave plate, polaroid, compensator or Faraday polarization apparatus.
Several holograph methods of a kind of Particle Field transient state comprise
Step 1: sync control device 13 detects the moment that Particle Field appear at observation area 9, and trigger pip gives the coherent light generation device, transmit control signal to acoustooptic deflector 6;
Step 2: the coherent light generation device detects the trigger pip of sync control device 13; Produce the two-way coherent light; Wherein form after one road coherent light process thing light regulating device and have Particle Field information and shine the thing light on holographic dry plate; Another road coherent light forms the different reference lighies of irradiation on holographic dry plate of different angles deflection constantly through the reference light regulating device, and thing light and reference light form at holographic dry plate interferes, and writes down exposure.
Several holograph methods of a kind of Particle Field transient state, said sync control device 13 comprises photodetector 17, digital delay device 19, single-chip microcomputer 18, acoustooptic deflector power supply 20; Said coherent light generation device comprises laser instrument 1, light beam beam splitting arrangement 3; Thing light regulating device comprises the first beam-expanding collimation device 4, second catoptron 8; The reference light regulating device comprises that first catoptron 5, acoustooptic deflector 6, the second beam-expanding collimation device 7, first pass as device 10, specifically comprise step:
Step 1: before particle gets into observation area 9, detect the appearance of Particle Field through photoelectric detector 17 in the sync control device 13, and send detectable signal to the digital delay device simultaneously;
Step 2: when digital delay device 19 detects detectable signal, behind the time delays of setting, send trigger pip and give laser instrument 1 and single-chip microcomputer 18;
Step 3: after single-chip microcomputer 18 detects the trigger pip of digital delay device 19 transmissions, according to the outputting drive voltage frequency of the time interval change acoustooptic deflector power supply of setting 20, and then guide sound light deflector deflection angle;
Step 4: laser instrument 1 detects the trigger pip of digital delay device 19, produces laser pulse;
Step 5: the laser pulse that laser instrument 1 produces is divided into the two-way coherent light through light beam beam splitting arrangement 3; Wherein one road coherent light forms thing light through thing light regulating device; Wherein first-selection needs at least one to adopt optical delay device 16 to carry out the adjusting of a phase; Through second catoptron 8 it is adjusted to observation area 9 again; This moment is when getting into observation area 9 when Particle Field, and the coherent light that reflects through second catoptron 8 just in time passes observation area 9 and carried Particle Field information and on holographic dry plate 12, formed the thing light that has Particle Field information.
Step 6: the laser pulse that laser instrument 1 produces is divided into the two-way coherent light through light beam beam splitting arrangement 3; Wherein another road coherent light is regulated through acoustooptic deflector 6 after through first catoptron 5 again; Because acoustooptic deflector 6 is under the control of beam deflection device power supply 20 different frequencies; Produce the reference light of different angles deflection; The different reference lighies of different angles deflections constantly shine on holographic dry plate 12, form the interference fringe of different different patterns of the moment with the thing light that forms before, have promptly formed different several holograms constantly of Particle Field.
In sum, owing to adopted technique scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1) through thing light regulating device, reference light regulating device, sync control device coherent light generation device and holographic dry plate;, particle detects the appearance of Particle Field before getting into observation area 9 when sync control device 13; And send trigger pip and give the coherent light generation device, transmit control signal to acoustooptic deflector 6; The coherent light generation device detects the trigger pip of sync control device 13; Produce the two-way coherent light; Wherein form after one road coherent light process thing light regulating device and have Particle Field information and shine the thing light on holographic dry plate; Another road coherent light forms the different reference lighies of irradiation on holographic dry plate of different angles deflection constantly through the reference light regulating device, and thing light and reference light form interference in holographic dry plate, write down exposure.Realize Particle Field in the observation area several holographs of transient state of 9, remedied the deficiency that several holograph temporal resolutions of prior art transient state are low and light path is complicated.
2) through being set, second biography is used for the image of Particle Field is passed near picture to holographic dry plate 12 record effects with raising holographic dry plate 12 as device 11.
3) through being set, the second polarization state regulating device 14 is used to regulate another Shu Xianggan polarization state of light through the output of light beam beam splitting arrangement; And then make coherent light have identical polarization state, thereby guaranteed that thing light and reference light can interfere with a branch of coherent light of process collimator and extender device 4 through the second polarization state regulating device 14.
4) through being set, the first polarization state regulating device 2 is used to adjust the polarization state that laser instrument 1 produces pulse signal; And then can match with the light beam beam splitting arrangement 3 that has adopted Glan prism or polarization splitting prism, the power ratio that makes 3 of light beam beam splitting arrangements get two-beam is easy to regulate.
5) be used for the spot diameter of amplifying laser device 1 output laser pulse in advance through the 3rd beam-expanding collimation device 15 is set, and then avoid light beam beam splitting arrangement 3 to damage because of the high power of pulse laser.
6) through optical delay device 16 is set the phase adjusted of the road coherent light that produces through light beam beam splitting arrangement 3 is become simply, guarantee that final thing light and the reference light that forms can produce interference fringe.
Description of drawings
The present invention will explain through example and with reference to the mode of accompanying drawing, wherein:
Fig. 1 is several holographic device synoptic diagram of the embodiment of the invention one Particle Field transient state;
Fig. 2 is an embodiment of the invention two devices synoptic diagram;
Fig. 3 is embodiment one or embodiment two sync control device synoptic diagram;
Fig. 4 is the optical delay device synoptic diagram.
Among the figure
The 1-laser instrument 2-first polarization state regulating device 3-light beam beam splitting arrangement
The 4-first beam-expanding collimation device 5-first catoptron 6-acoustooptic deflector
The 7-second beam-expanding collimation device 8-second catoptron 9-observation area
10-first passes as device 11-second and passes as device 12-holographic dry plate
The 13-sync control device 14-second polarization state regulating device 15-the 3rd beam-expanding collimation device
16-optical delay device 17-Electro-Optical Sensor Set 18-single-chip microcomputer
19-digital delay device 20-acoustooptic deflector power supply 21-the 3rd catoptron
22-the 4th catoptron 23-right-angle prism.
Embodiment
Disclosed all characteristics in this instructions, or the step in disclosed all methods or the process except mutually exclusive characteristic and/or the step, all can make up by any way.
Disclosed arbitrary characteristic in this instructions (comprising any accessory claim, summary and accompanying drawing) is only if special narration all can be replaced by other equivalences or the alternative features with similar purpose.That is, only if special narration, each characteristic is an example in a series of equivalences or the similar characteristics.
One, this paper related description
1. the design's recording process finishes the back and has just formed hologram, need not develop in the darkroom, only needs to get final product in incoherent white light source (like incandescent lamp, sunshine etc.) held a period of time, and " reproduction " process is consistent with prior art;
2. laser instrument 1 is a pulsed laser, and the optical maser wavelength of generation is 532nm, and the pulsewidth of laser pulse should be less than 10 nanoseconds; Single pulse energy preferably is higher than 20 millijoules; Facular model is preferably single longitudinal mode, and polarization state is a linear polarization, and repetition frequency should be greater than 100KHz;
3. the first beam-expanding collimation device 4 and the second beam-expanding collimation device, 7 expansion beam ratio values are that 1:2 is to 5:1; Wherein expand beam ratio and refer to the spot diameter enlargement factor;
The coherent length of pulsed laser weak point need optical delay device 16 to make the coherent length of the optical path difference of thing light and reference light much smaller than pulsed laser; Wherein coherent length is the performance parameter of laser instrument, and the unit of this parameter is long measure (as: rice, a millimeter etc.).To be light propagate into the distance that the required time chien shih light of B point is propagated in a vacuum from the A point to light path, and unit is similarly long measure.And optical path difference refers to the difference of the two-beam light path that point is ordered to B along different paths from A, and unit still is a long measure;
5. the relation of acoustooptic deflector 6 and acoustooptic deflector power supply 20: acoustooptic deflector power supply 20 can provide different driving frequencies; Different driving frequencies can cause that 6 pairs of light through it of acoustooptic deflector cause the deflection of different angles; Just can change deflection angle through changing driving frequency, the maximum deflection angle that can cause is called range of deflection.Can choose two kinds of voltage-controlled oscillator and digital frequency synthesizers respectively according to the different acoustooptic deflector power supplys of control mode;
6. the relation between Particle Field and observation area 9 and the sync control device 13: Particle Field often results from the high-speed impact process; Therefore Particle Field also has very high movement velocity; So high speed judges, and when to get into the observation area extremely important for Particle Field, and sync control device 13 can be accomplished this judgment task;
7. first biography comprises first lens, two lens of second lens as device 10, and the focal length that said first lens, second pass through equates.Second biography comprises the 3rd lens, the 4th lens as device 11, and said the 3rd lens, the 4th focal length of lens also equate.The focal length of two lens can not equate with the focal length of first biography as lens in the device 10 in the device 11;
8. first pass as device 10; Be used for to pass through the coherent light that beam-expanding collimation device 7 amplifies and reach holographic dry plate 12; First biography equals the front focal length of first biography as device 10 as device 10 apart from distance surperficial behind the acoustooptic deflector; The front focal length specific explanations first lens be positioned at the second beam-expanding collimation device, 7 one sides, second lens is positioned at holographic dry plate one side, this moment front focal length refer to the focal length that is positioned at the second beam-expanding collimation device, one side, first lens; First passes as device 10 and equals to pass the back focal length as device 10 apart from the distance of holographic dry plate 12; The back focal length specific explanations is positioned at the second beam-expanding collimation device, 7 one sides for first lens; Second lens is positioned at holographic dry plate one side, and the back focal length of this moment refers to the focal length that is positioned at holographic dry plate one side second lens; Second biography is used for being delivered to holographic dry plate 12 with having observation area 9 through observation area 9 formation by the thing light of object of observation information as device 11; Said second biography equals the front focal length of second biography as device 11 as device 11 and by the distance at center, observation area; The front focal length specific explanations the 3rd lens be positioned at observation area 9 one sides; The 4th lens are positioned at holographic dry plate one side, and the front focal length of this moment refers to the focal length that is positioned at observation area 9 one sides the 3rd lens; Second passes as the distance of device 11 and holographic dry plate 12 and passes as the long 5mm～30mm of back focal length of device 11 than said second or lack 5mm～30mm; Wherein the back focal length specific explanations is: second biography is positioned at observation area 9 one sides as the 3rd lens of device 11; The 4th lens are positioned at holographic dry plate one side, and its back focal length refers to the focal length that is positioned at holographic dry plate one side the 4th lens;
9. holographic dry plate 12 its recording medium thickness of employing photo-induced polymer holographic dry plate are 300
μM.The photo-induced polymer holographic dry plate has the ability of several holograms of record in same volume, and this ability can be several holographs of transient state a realization approach is provided.Its thickness can be controlled.The detailed manufacturing process of photo-induced polymer holographic dry plate 12 is seen patent (200410066746.9); Different is that its photosensitizer is adjusted into eosin W or W S; The optimum formula ratio is also different with this patent, and its optimum formula ratio and experimental data are seen document (magazine title: Chinese laser; Reel number: 36 (4): 983-988.Author: Duan Xiaoya, Zhu Jianhua, Wei Tao, Chen Qianqian, Wei Naike; Title: the formulation optimization and the holographic memory characteristic of green quick polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/acrylic amide system photopolymer, wherein part 2 provides formula rate, the 3rd part provides experimental data).Can carry out pre-exposure (incoherent 532nm light source held a period of time) to holographic dry plate earlier in order to make this photo-induced polymer holographic dry plate (12) when writing down, have high sensitivity; The time of pre-exposure can be different according to the dry plate thickness and the intensity of light source that pre-exposure is used, and can under laboratory condition, repeatedly measure the best pre-exposure time;
10. single-chip microcomputer 18, after being used to detect the trigger pip of digital delay device 19 transmissions, change the outputting drive voltage value frequency of acoustooptic deflector power supply 20 according to the time interval of setting; The acoustooptic deflector power supply that with the digital frequency synthesizer is driving power can receive external control signal (by USB or RS232 transmission); And then the output or the driving frequency of change driving power; Therefore single-chip microcomputer only needs after the time interval of setting, to give the acoustooptic deflector power supply send a control signal to get final product; Since single chip part the function that will realize simple, common single-chip microcomputer (as: STC single-chip microcomputer, PIC single-chip microcomputer, AVR single-chip microcomputer, EMC single-chip microcomputer and other like product) can be realized this function.If the repetition frequency of laser instrument is f, then time interval T provides
(1) by (1) formula
11. digital delay device 19; Be used to receive the detectable signal of Electro-Optical Sensor Set and behind delay time, send trigger pip to laser instrument (1) and to single-chip microcomputer (18), the required delay function of digital delay device can be realized by DG535 or other like product; What the detecting location of Electro-Optical Sensor Set was positioned at that Particle Field gets into the observation area must be through the position, and the movement velocity of Particle Field is v, and distance is S to the detecting location of Electro-Optical Sensor Set apart from the observation area
1, laser is S from being issued to the total optical path (length of available reality is similar to) that gets into 9 processes in observation area
2, laser instrument from receive trigger pip to the response time of sending laser be t
1Second, the time that the detectable signal of Electro-Optical Sensor Set passes to digital delay device 19 to be needed is t
2Second, trigger pip from the time that digital delay device 19 passes to laser instrument 1 and needs be t
3Second, the light velocity is c, then delay time τ is provided by (2) formula:
(2).
Two, principle of work: this device detects the moment of Particle Field 9 appearance in the observation area; Simultaneously beam of laser is through observation area 9 and carry Particle Field information and become thing light; And on holographic dry plate, forms interferences, and through holographic dry plate 12 record reference lighies and carry the interference fringe of the thing light formation of Particle Field information with reference light after regulating.Realization has remedied the deficiency that several holograph temporal resolutions of prior art transient state are low and light path is complicated to several holographs of the transient state of Particle Field in observation area 9.
Three, several holographic devices of Particle Field transient state:
Embodiment one, and this device comprises coherent light generation device, thing light regulating device, reference light regulating device, sync control device 13, holographic dry plate 12.The coherent light generation device is used to receive the trigger pip of sync control device 13 and produces laser pulse and it is divided into two bundle coherent lights; A branch of introducing observation area 9 of the two bundle coherent lights that thing light regulating device is used for the coherent light generation device is produced is observation area 9 back lighting is provided, and this Shu Guang becomes thing light after through observation area 9; Sync control device 13 is used for control signal being provided for respectively coherent light generation device, reference light regulating device; The angle that the reference light regulating device is used to regulate another bundle coherent light that the coherent light generation device produces forms reference light with polarization state, makes the thing light and the reference light of the adjusting of thing light regulating device to interfere; Holographic dry plate 12 is used to write down the interference fringe of thing light and reference light formation.
Embodiment two, and on embodiment one basis, said coherent light generation device comprises laser instrument 1, light beam beam splitting arrangement 3.Laser instrument 1 is used for producing laser pulse according to the control signal of sync control device 13 outputs; Light beam beam splitting arrangement 3; Be used for that the pulse signal that laser instrument 1 produces is divided into two bundle coherent lights and be input to thing light regulating device, reference light regulating device respectively, wherein light beam beam splitting arrangement 3 is input to one road light of thing light regulating device and another road luminous power ratio that light beam beam splitting arrangement 3 is input to the reference light regulating device is 1:2～1:30.
Preferably, light beam beam splitting arrangement 3 is input to one road light of thing light regulating device and another road luminous power ratio that light beam beam splitting arrangement 3 is input to the reference light regulating device is 1:4.
Embodiment three, and on embodiment one or two bases, thing light regulating device comprises the first beam-expanding collimation device 4, second catoptron 8, and wherein the first beam-expanding collimation device 4 is used for the road coherent light spot diameter that the interference light generation device produces is amplified; Second catoptron 8 is used for the thing light of the first beam-expanding collimation device 4 is reflexed to observation area 9, forms to have in the observation area 9 by object of observation information and shine the thing light in holographic dry plate.
Preferably, the first beam-expanding collimation device, 4 enlargement factors are 10～40 times.
Embodiment four; On embodiment three bases; Thing light regulating device comprises that also second passes as device 11; Said second passes and to be positioned between observation area 9 and the holographic dry plate as device 11, is used for having observation area 9 and being delivered to holographic dry plate 12 by the thing light of object of observation information forming through observation area 9, and said second passes as the distance of device 11 and holographic dry plate 12 than the said second long 5mm～30mm of back focal length or the weak point 5mm～30mm that pass as device 11.
Preferably, second biography passes as the short 5mm～30mm of the back focal length of device 11 than said second as the distance of device 11 with holographic dry plate 12.
Embodiment five; On embodiment one or four bases; The reference light regulating device comprises that first catoptron 5, acoustooptic deflector 6, the second beam-expanding collimation device 7, first pass as device 10, and wherein first catoptron 5 is used to regulate the angle of another road coherent light that light beam beam splitting arrangement 3 produces; Acoustooptic deflector 6 is used for according to the control signal generation controlled frequency of sync control device 13 outputs the coherent light through acoustooptic deflector 6 being deflected, and acoustooptic deflector 6 ranges of deflection are 0～3.2 °; The second beam-expanding collimation device 7 is used for the coherent light spot diameter that angular deflection takes place through acoustooptic deflector 6 is amplified, and it is 1:2～5:1 that the first beam-expanding collimation device 4 and the second beam-expanding collimation device 7 expand the beam ratio value; First passes and to be used for that as device 10 coherent light that amplifies through beam-expanding collimation device 7 is reached holographic dry plate 12, the first and to pass as device 10 and equal to pass the back focal length as device 10 apart from the distance of holographic dry plate 12; When wherein reference light does not deflect and the angle of thing light be 10 °～30 °, the angle of thing light and photo-induced polymer holographic dry plate normal is 10 °～30 °.
Preferably, the angle of thing light and photo-induced polymer holographic dry plate normal is 20 °, when reference light does not deflect and the angle of thing light be 20 °, and thing light and reference light are in the same side of holographic dry plate normal.
Preferably, the first beam-expanding collimation device 4 and the second beam-expanding collimation device, 7 expansion beam ratio values are 1:2.
Embodiment six, and on embodiment one or five bases, sync control device 13 comprises photodetector 17, are used for before Particle Field gets into observation area 9, detecting the appearance of Particle Field, and export detectable signal simultaneously to digital delay device 19; Digital delay device 19 is used to receive the detectable signal of Electro-Optical Sensor Set and behind the delay time of setting, sends trigger pip to laser instrument 1 and to single-chip microcomputer 18; Single-chip microcomputer 18 is used for after the trigger pip that detects 19 transmissions of digital delay device, changing the outputting drive voltage frequency of acoustooptic deflector power supply 20 according to the time interval of setting; Acoustooptic deflector power supply 20 is used for the deflection angle of guide sound light deflector behind the driving voltage frequency control signal that receives single-chip microcomputer 18 outputs.
Embodiment seven, and is as shown in Figure 1, and on embodiment one or six bases, this device also comprises polarization state regulating device 2, and polarization state regulating device 2 is half-wave plate or polaroid or Faraday polarization apparatus, is used to adjust the polarization state that laser instrument 1 produces laser pulse.
Embodiment eight, and on embodiment one or seven bases, this device also comprises the 3rd beam-expanding collimation device 15, are used for the pulse signal of laser instrument 15 emissions is carried out spot diameter expansion, reduce coherent light owing to the damage of high-energy to light beam beam splitting arrangement 3; 2～4 times of expanded scopes.
Embodiment nine; On embodiment one or eight bases; This device also comprises optical delay device 16, is used for the phase place of the road coherent light that produces through light beam beam splitting arrangement 3 is regulated, and makes that the two bundle coherent light phase places that produce through the light beam beam splitting arrangement are consistent; Said optical delay device 16 comprises that the 3rd catoptron 21, the 4th catoptron 22, right-angle prism 23, the three catoptrons 21 are used for the road coherent light that produces through light beam beam splitting arrangement 3 is carried out 90 ° of deflections; Right-angle prism 23 is used for the deflection to carry out 180 ° through the coherent light of the 3rd catoptron 21; The 4th catoptron 22 is used for the coherent light through right-angle prism 23 is carried out 90 ° of deflections.
Embodiment ten: on embodiment one or nine bases; When light beam beam splitting arrangement 3 is Glan prism or polarization splitting prism; Said reference light regulating device also comprises the second polarization state regulating device 14; Be used to regulate through the relevant polarization state of light in another road of light beam beam splitting arrangement output; Feasible road coherent light through the second polarization state regulating device 14 has identical polarization state with one road coherent light of process collimator and extender device 4, and the said second polarization state regulating device 14 can be half-wave plate, polaroid, compensator or Faraday polarization apparatus.
Preferred embodiment, as shown in Figure 2, on embodiment six bases, this device also comprises polarization state regulating device 2, the 3rd beam-expanding collimation device 15, optical delay device 16, said optical delay device wherein as shown in Figure 4.
Several holograph methods of Particle Field transient state:
Four, several holograph methods of Particle Field transient state comprise
Embodiment one, and several holograph methods of Particle Field transient state may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: sync control device 13 detection observation areas 9 appear at the moment of observation area, and trigger pip transmits control signal to acoustooptic deflector 6 to the coherent light generation device;
Step 2: the coherent light generation device detects the trigger pip of sync control device 13; Produce the two-way coherent light; Wherein form after one road coherent light process thing light regulating device and have Particle Field information and shine the thing light on holographic dry plate; Another road coherent light forms different angle continually varyings constantly through the reference light regulating device and shines the reference light on holographic dry plate, and thing light and reference light form interference on holographic dry plate, write down exposure.
Embodiment two, and is as shown in Figure 3, and several holograph methods of Particle Field transient state comprise that sync control device 13 comprises photodetector 17, digital delay device 19, single-chip microcomputer 18, acoustooptic deflector power supply 20; Said coherent light generation device comprises laser instrument 1, light beam beam splitting arrangement 3; Thing light regulating device comprises the first beam-expanding collimation device 4, second catoptron 8; The reference light regulating device comprises that first catoptron 5, acoustooptic deflector 6, the second beam-expanding collimation device 7, first pass as device 10, and the following steps concrete steps are:
Step 1: before Particle Field gets into observation area 9, detect the appearance of Particle Field through photoelectric detector in the sync control device 13, and export detectable signal simultaneously to digital delay device 19;
Step 2: when digital delay device 19 detects detectable signal, after the time interval of setting, send trigger pip and give laser instrument 1 and single-chip microcomputer 18;
Step 3: after single-chip microcomputer 18 detects the trigger pip of digital delay device 19 transmissions, according to the outputting drive voltage frequency of the time interval change acoustooptic deflector power supply of setting 20, and then guide sound light deflector deflection angle;
Step 4: laser instrument 1 detects the trigger pip of digital delay device 19, produces laser pulse;
Step 5: the laser pulse that laser instrument 1 produces is divided into the two-way coherent light through light beam beam splitting arrangement 3; Wherein one road coherent light forms thing light through thing light regulating device; Wherein first-selection needs to adopt optical delay device 16 to carry out the adjusting of a phase; Through second catoptron 8 it is being adjusted to observation area 9; This moment, the Electro-Optical Sensor Set of sync control device 13 can detect the moment that Particle Field occurs in the observation area 9 when getting into observation area 9 when Particle Field, on holographic dry plate 12, had formed the thing light that has Particle Field information after the coherent light that reflects through second catoptron 8 has simultaneously write down Particle Field information.
Step 6: the laser pulse that laser instrument 1 produces is divided into the two-way coherent light through light beam beam splitting arrangement 3; Wherein another road coherent light is regulated through acoustooptic deflector 6 after through first catoptron 5 again; Because acoustooptic deflector 6 is under the control of beam deflection device power supply 20 different frequencies; Produce the different reference lighies of different angles deflection constantly; The different reference lighies of different angles deflections constantly shine on holographic dry plate, form the interference fringe of different different patterns of the moment with the thing light that forms before, have promptly formed different several holograms constantly of Particle Field.
Embodiment three, on embodiment two bases, can carry out polarization state through the laser pulse that 2 pairs of laser instruments of the first polarization state regulating device produce and regulate;
Embodiment four; On embodiment one or three bases; When light beam beam splitting arrangement 3 is Glan prism; Said reference light regulating device also comprises the second polarization state regulating device 14; Be used to regulate through the relevant polarization state of light in another road of light beam beam splitting arrangement output, feasible road coherent light through the second polarization state regulating device 14 has identical polarization state with one road coherent light of process collimator and extender device 4, and the said second polarization state regulating device 14 can be half-wave plate, polaroid, compensator or Faraday polarization apparatus.Also can regulate through the second polarization state regulating device 14, the second polarization state regulating device 14 is used for another road coherent light polarization state that light beam beam splitting arrangement 3 produces is regulated;
Embodiment five; On embodiment one or four bases; Also can pass and regulate as device 11 through second; Second passes and to be positioned between observation area 9 and the holographic dry plate as device 11, is used for having observation area 9 and being delivered to holographic dry plate 12 by the thing light of object of observation information forming through observation area 9, and said second passes as the distance of device 11 and holographic dry plate 12 than the said second long 5mm～30mm of back focal length or the weak point 5mm～30mm that pass as device 11.
Embodiment six; On embodiment one or five bases; Also can regulate through the first polarization state regulating device 2, the first polarization state regulating device 2 is half-wave plate, compensator, polaroid or Faraday polarization apparatus, is used to adjust the polarization state that laser instrument 1 produces pulse signal.
Embodiment seven; On embodiment one or five bases; Also can regulate through the 3rd beam-expanding collimation device 15; The 3rd beam-expanding collimation device 15 is used for the spot diameter of laser instrument 1 emitted laser pulse is enlarged, and reduces coherent light owing to the damage of high-energy to light beam beam splitting arrangement 3,2～4 times of expanded scopes.
Embodiment eight; On embodiment one or five bases, also can regulate through optical delay device 16, optical delay device 16 is used for the phase place of the road coherent light that produces through light beam beam splitting arrangement 3 is regulated; Make that the two bundle coherent light phase places that produce through the light beam beam splitting arrangement are consistent; As shown in Figure 4, said optical delay device 16 comprises the 3rd catoptron 21, is used for the road coherent light that produces through light beam beam splitting arrangement 3 is carried out 90 ° of deflections; Right-angle prism 23 is used for the coherent light through the 3rd catoptron is carried out 180 ° of deflections; The 4th catoptron 22 is used for the coherent light through right-angle prism 23 is carried out 90 ° deflection.
Embodiment nine, on embodiment one or two bases, regulate through the first polarization state regulating device 2, the 3rd beam-expanding collimation device 15, optical delay device 16.
The present invention is not limited to aforesaid embodiment.The present invention expands to any new feature or any new combination that discloses in this manual, and the arbitrary new method that discloses or step or any new combination of process.
Claims (10)
1. several holographic devices of Particle Field transient state is characterized in that comprising coherent light generation device, thing light regulating device, reference light regulating device, sync control device, holographic dry plate,
The coherent light generation device is used to receive the trigger pip of sync control device and produces laser pulse and it is divided into two and restraints coherent lights;
Thing light regulating device, a branch of introducing observation area of the two bundle coherent lights that are used for the coherent light generation device is produced is the observation area back lighting is provided, and this Shu Guang becomes thing light after through the observation area;
Sync control device is used for control signal being provided for respectively coherent light generation device, reference light regulating device;
The reference light regulating device, the angle that is used to regulate another bundle coherent light that the coherent light generation device produces forms reference light with polarization state, makes the thing light and reference light formation interference that thing light regulating device is regulated;
Holographic dry plate is used to write down the interference fringe of thing light and reference light formation.
2. a kind of several holographic devices of Particle Field transient state according to claim 1 is characterized in that said coherent light generation device comprises
Laser instrument is used for producing laser pulse according to the trigger pip of sync control device output;
The light beam beam splitting arrangement; Be used for that the pulse signal that laser instrument produces is divided into two bundle coherent lights and be input to thing light regulating device, reference light regulating device respectively, the light beam beam splitting arrangement is input to one road light of thing light regulating device and another road luminous power ratio that the light beam beam splitting arrangement is input to the reference light regulating device is 1:2～1:30.
3. a kind of several holographic devices of Particle Field transient state according to claim 2 is characterized in that said thing light regulating device comprises
The first beam-expanding collimation device is used for the road coherent light spot diameter that the interference light generation device produces is amplified, and its enlargement factor is 10～40 times;
Second catoptron is used for the thing light of the first beam-expanding collimation device is reflexed to observation area 9, forms to have in the observation area by object of observation information and shine the thing light in holographic dry plate.
4. according to a kind of several holographic devices of Particle Field transient state of claim said 3; It is characterized in that said thing light regulating device comprises that also second passes as device; Said second biography is positioned between observation area and the holographic dry plate as device; Be used for to form through the observation area and have the observation area and be delivered to holographic dry plate by the thing light of object of observation information; Second passes and to comprise the 3rd lens, two lens of the 4th lens as device, and the focal length that said the 3rd lens, the 4th pass through equates, said second passes as the distance of device and holographic dry plate than the said second long 5mm～30mm of back focal length or the weak point 5mm～30mm that pass as device.
5. a kind of several holographic devices of Particle Field transient state according to claim 4 is characterized in that said reference light regulating device comprises
First catoptron is used to regulate the angle of another road coherent light that the light beam beam splitting arrangement produces;
Acoustooptic deflector is used for according to the control signal generation controlled frequency of sync control device output the coherent light through acoustooptic deflector being deflected, and the acoustooptic deflector range of deflection is 0～3.2 °;
The second beam-expanding collimation device is used for the coherent light spot diameter through acoustooptic deflector generation angular deflection is amplified, and it is 1:2～5:1 that the first beam-expanding collimation device and the second beam-expanding collimation device expand the beam ratio value;
First passes as device; Be used for to pass through the coherent light that the beam-expanding collimation device amplifies and reach holographic dry plate; First biography comprises first lens, two lens of second lens as device; The focal length that said first lens, second pass through equates, first passes as device and equal to pass the front focal length as device apart from the distance of acoustooptic deflector, and first passes as device and equal to pass the back focal length as device apart from the distance of holographic dry plate; When wherein reference light does not deflect and the angle of thing light be 10 °～30 °, the angle of thing light and holographic dry plate normal is 10 °～30 °.
6. a kind of several holographic devices of Particle Field transient state according to claim 5 is characterized in that said sync control device comprises
Electro-Optical Sensor Set is used for before Particle Field gets into the observation area, detecting the appearance of Particle Field, and exports detectable signal simultaneously to the digital delay device;
The digital delay device after being used to receive the detectable signal of Electro-Optical Sensor Set, is given laser instrument and is sent trigger pip to single-chip microcomputer behind the delay time of setting;
Single-chip microcomputer is used for after the trigger pip that detects the transmission of digital delay device, changing the outputting drive voltage frequency of acoustooptic deflector power supply according to the time interval of setting;
The acoustooptic deflector power supply is used for the deflection angle of guide sound light deflector behind the driving voltage frequency control signal that receives single-chip microcomputer output.
7. according to described a kind of several holographic devices of Particle Field transient state of one of claim said 1 to 6; Its characteristic is also comprising the first polarization state regulating device, at least one optical delay device, the 3rd beam-expanding collimation device; The said first polarization state regulating device is half-wave plate, compensator, polaroid or Faraday polarization apparatus, is used to adjust the polarization state that laser instrument produces pulse signal; The 3rd beam-expanding collimation device is used for the spot diameter entering amplification with the pulse signal of laser instrument emission, reduces pulse laser owing to the damage of high power to the light beam beam splitting arrangement; Optical delay device is used for the phase place of the road coherent light that produces through the light beam beam splitting arrangement is regulated, and makes that the two bundle coherent light phase places that produce through the light beam beam splitting arrangement are consistent, and said optical delay device comprises
The 3rd catoptron is used for the road coherent light that produces through the light beam beam splitting arrangement is carried out 90 ° of deflections;
Right-angle prism is used for the coherent light through the 3rd catoptron is carried out 180 ° of deflections;
The 4th catoptron is used for the coherent light through right-angle prism is carried out 90 ° deflection.
8. according to described a kind of several holographic devices of Particle Field transient state in one of claim 2 or 3; It is characterized in that when the light beam beam splitting arrangement is Glan prism; Said reference light regulating device also comprises the second polarization state regulating device; Be used to regulate through the relevant polarization state of light in another road of light beam beam splitting arrangement output; Feasible road coherent light through the second polarization state regulating device has identical polarization state with one road coherent light of process collimator and extender device, and the said second polarization state regulating device comprises half-wave plate, polaroid, compensator or Faraday polarization apparatus.
9. according to several holograph methods of a kind of Particle Field transient state of claim said 1, it is characterized in that comprising
Step 1: sync control device detects the moment that Particle Field appears at the observation area, and trigger pip gives the coherent light generation device, transmit control signal to acoustooptic deflector;
Step 2: the coherent light generation device detects the trigger pip of sync control device; Produce the two-way coherent light; Wherein form after one road coherent light process thing light regulating device and have Particle Field information and shine the thing light on holographic dry plate; Another road coherent light forms the different reference lighies of irradiation on holographic dry plate of different angles deflection constantly through the reference light regulating device, and thing light and reference light form at holographic dry plate interferes, and writes down exposure.
10. according to said several holograph methods of a kind of Particle Field transient state of claim 9, it is characterized in that said sync control device comprises photodetector, digital delay device, single-chip microcomputer, acoustooptic deflector power supply; Said coherent light generation device comprises laser instrument, light beam beam splitting arrangement; Thing light regulating device comprises the first beam-expanding collimation device, second catoptron; The reference light regulating device comprises that first catoptron, acoustooptic deflector, the second beam-expanding collimation device, first pass as device, specifically comprise step:
Step 1: before particle gets into the observation area, detect the appearance of Particle Field through photoelectric detector in the sync control device, and send detectable signal to the digital delay device simultaneously;
Step 2: when the digital delay device detects detectable signal, behind the time delays of setting, send trigger pip and give laser instrument and single-chip microcomputer;
Step 3: after single-chip microcomputer detects the trigger pip of digital delay device transmission, according to the outputting drive voltage frequency of the time interval change acoustooptic deflector power supply of setting, and then guide sound light deflector deflection angle;
Step 4: laser instrument detects the trigger pip of digital delay device, produces laser pulse;
Step 5: the laser pulse that laser instrument produces is divided into the two-way coherent light through the light beam beam splitting arrangement; Wherein one road coherent light forms thing light through thing light regulating device; Wherein first-selection needs at least one to adopt optical delay device to carry out the adjusting of a phase; Through second catoptron it is adjusted to the observation area again; Just in time pass the observation area and carried Particle Field information through the coherent light of second mirror reflects and on holographic dry plate, formed the thing light that has Particle Field information this moment when Particle Field entering observation area;
Step 6: the laser pulse that laser instrument produces is divided into the two-way coherent light through the light beam beam splitting arrangement; Wherein another road coherent light is regulated through acoustooptic deflector after through first catoptron again; Because acoustooptic deflector is under the control of beam deflection device power supply different frequency; Produce the reference light of different angles deflection; The different reference lighies of different angles deflections constantly shine on holographic dry plate, form the interference fringe of different different patterns of the moment with the thing light that forms before, have promptly formed different several holograms constantly of Particle Field.
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