CN102732213B - Cubic boron nitride fiber abrasive particles and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Cubic boron nitride fiber abrasive particles and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN102732213B
CN102732213B CN201210194428.5A CN201210194428A CN102732213B CN 102732213 B CN102732213 B CN 102732213B CN 201210194428 A CN201210194428 A CN 201210194428A CN 102732213 B CN102732213 B CN 102732213B
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boron nitride
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丁文锋
徐九华
苗情
杨长勇
苏宏华
傅玉灿
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Abstract

The invention relates to cubic boron nitride (CBN) fiber abrasive particles and a preparation method thereof. The CBN fiber abrasive particles comprise CBN abrasive particles and a bonding material, wherein the CBN abrasive particle surface is provided with a titanium coating or a chromium coating, and the thickness of the coating is 5-10 mum; the bonding material comprises 16-20wt% of Al2O3 powder, 28-32 wt% of B2O3 powder, 3-10 wt% of Na2O powder, and the balance of SiO2 powder; the sintering method is characterized by heating up to achieve a highest heating temperature of 795-805 DEG C by stage heating and preserving the heat for 18-22 min. The CBN fiber abrasive particles of the invention can realize the regular arrangement of the CBN abrasive particles in resin, ceramic, metal binder grinding wheel abrasive layers, and have the characteristics of high strength, good wear resistance and good self-sharpening performance, thus the grinding efficiency and quality are raised. The application of the CBN fiber abrasive particles in preparing grinding wheels can satisfy the grinding requirements of key components in aerospace, automobile and other industries.

Description

Cubic boron nitride fiber abrasive particle and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cubic boron nitride fiber abrasive particle for super-abrasive grinding wheel, belong to super-hard abrasive technical field.
Background technology
Nineteen fifty-seven, the R.H.Wentorf association graphite of GE's superhard material research department changed into adamantine reason, adopted similar method synthesizing cubic boron nitride (Cubic Boron Nitride, hereinafter to be referred as CBN) micro powder granule successfully first.From 20th century early sixties to the seventies initial stage, USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics), Britain, front West Germany, Japan and China have all grasped the synthetic technology of CBN in succession.Because the high rigidity of CBN material is better than adamantine thermostability and unreactiveness with having, cause the very big concern of processing technology circle.Adopt the various super-abrasive grinding wheels that CBN particle is made to obtain applying more and more widely in the efficient precise grinding processing of the metallic substance such as titanium alloy, nickel base superalloy, high-strength steel, ultrahigh-strength steel.
Be pointed out that, present stage, that selects was particulate state CBN abrasive particle in the time making CBN super-abrasive grinding wheel.The length-to-diameter ratio of such abrasive particle is conventionally in 1 left and right, as shown in Figure 1.The simple problem that adopts this particulate state abrasive particle to make emery wheel existence is mainly: cannot realize the regular distribution of abrasive particle in resin, pottery, Metal-bonded CBN grinding-wheel grinder bed of material inside, abrasive particle is always in chaotic random state (note: CBN emery wheel generally includes metallic matrix and abrasive material two portions, abrasive material is the working portion of emery wheel, metallic matrix plays a supportive role, bonding by glue between abrasive material and metallic matrix).
Theoretical investigation and grinding practice are verified, CBN abrasive particle rule is arranged in to the grinding-wheel grinder bed of material and can significantly improves sharpness and the life-span of emery wheel, improve the efficiency of grinding process and the object of quality thereby reach.Its reason and the unordered stochastic distribution state of particulate state CBN abrasive particle have no idea to realize that pottery, metal, the whole working process of resin bond wheel are all had to effective control of consistent working face state is closely related, and then cause the excellent grinding performance of CBN super-hard abrasive cannot be not fully exerted and show.Present stage, abrasive particle rule alignment technology can only be realized in plating and soldering emery wheel, refer to document (J.C.Aurich, P.Herzenstiel, H.Sudermann, T.Magg.High-performance dry grinding using a grinding wheel with a defined grain pattern.CIRP Annals-Manufacturing Technology, 2008, 57:357-362) with document (W.F.Ding, J.H.Xu, M.Shen, Y.C.Fu, B.Xiao, H.H.Su, H.J.Xu.Development and performance of monolayer brazed CBN grinding tools.International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 2007, 34:491-495) etc.But, due to electroplate and soldering emery wheel only there is single layer of abrasive particles, make the working life of emery wheel significantly lower than the pottery that contains multilayer abrasive particle, resin, Metal-bonded CBN emery wheel.This causes electroplating and the application of soldering CBN emery wheel is largely limited.In addition, electroplate and the abrasive particle rule of soldering CBN emery wheel is arranged and only required in two dimensional surface and realize, and for the abrasive material of pottery, resin, metal bonded wheel, its abrasive particle rule is arranged and required to realize in three-dimensional rectangular parallelepiped, difficulty is very large.This is also that pottery, resin, metal bonded wheel abrasive material cannot be realized the major cause that abrasive particle three-dimensional regular is arranged so far.
In order to realize the regular distribution of pottery, resin, the inner CBN abrasive particle of the Metal-bonded CBN grinding-wheel grinder bed of material, people have attempted a lot of methods, but all cannot attain the results expected, and its reason is that the graininess shown in Fig. 1 is directly related with CBN abrasive particle.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes cubic boron nitride fiber abrasive particle, and on the one hand, constraint and fixed action by fiber condition to CBN abrasive particle position, realize the rule of pottery, resin, the inner CBN abrasive particle of metal bonded wheel abrasive material and arrange.On the other hand, this kind of abrasive particle has that intensity is high, wear resistance and the good feature of self-sharpening, meets the requirement of super-abrasive grinding wheel to abrasive particle intensity, wear resistance and self-sharpening, thereby improves grinding efficiency and quality.
The present invention is achieved by following technical solution:
A kind of cubic boron nitride fiber abrasive particle, comprises cubic boron nitride abrasive grain and binding agent two portions, and wherein cubic boron nitride abrasive grain surface is provided with titanizing layer or chromium coating, and the thickness of coating is 5 ~ 8 μ m; The component of binding agent and weight percent content are: Al 2o 3powder 16 ~ 20%, B 2o 3powder 28 ~ 32%, Na 2o powder 3 ~ 10%, all the other are SiO 2powder.The each accounting example of abrasive particle and binding agent is abrasive particle 30 % by weight ~ 40 % by weight, binding agent 60 % by weight ~ 70 % by weight.
Adopt the CBN abrasive particle of surperficial titanizing or chromium plating, with common without compared with coating CBN abrasive particle, its Main Function is by wettability and the hold of glassy phase matrix material to CBN abrasive particle in the high sintering process of overlay coating metal carrying, thereby improves the intensity, wear resistance of CBN fiber abrasive particle and from sharp ability.
A preparation method for cubic boron nitride fiber abrasive particle, comprises the following steps:
(1) matrix material and coating CBN abrasive particle mixing material
Titanizing layer or chromium coating CBN abrasive particle, the shared weight percent of binding agent are respectively: CBN abrasive particle 30 ~ 40%, binding agent 60 ~ 70%;
The titanizing layer on CBN abrasive particle surface or chromium coating thickness are 5 ~ 10 μ m;
Abrasive particle and binding agent adopt mechanical means to stir, and in whipping process, add appropriate interim binding agent, and its addition is to stir evenly starting material to be as the criterion.The removal because interim binding agent will volatilize in the drying course of step (2), so its addition is without quantitative control.Described interim binding agent is dextrin;
The feed composition of binding agent and weight percent content are: Al 2o 3powder 16 ~ 20%, B 2o 3powder 28 ~ 32%, Na 2o powder 3 ~ 10%, all the other are SiO 2powder.
(2) CBN fiber abrasive particle blank is made
Raw material after compounding in step (1) is evenly put into dies cavity shown in Fig. 5, the consistent size of the CBN fiber abrasive particle of the dimensions of dies cavity and required making.Then, under the pressure of 100MPa, suppress.Subsequently, mould and fiber abrasive particle are put into process furnace, at 100 ~ 120 ℃ of temperature, toast 120 ~ 140 minutes after the demoulding.
(3) CBN fiber abrasive particle high temperature sintering moulding
The sintering process of described CBN fiber abrasive particle is carried out in vacuum sintering furnace, and vacuum tightness is not worse than 10 -2pa; The temperature lift-down curve of reaction system is:
Within 55 ~ 65 minutes, be warmed up to 380 ~ 420 ℃ from room temperature, be incubated 8 ~ 12 minutes;
Then be warmed up to 580 ~ 620 ℃ at 55 ~ 65 minutes, be incubated 8 ~ 12 minutes;
Then be warmed up to 795 ~ 805 ℃ at 110 ~ 130 minutes, be incubated 18 ~ 22 minutes;
Then cool to 580 ~ 620 ℃ at 110 ~ 130 minutes, be incubated 8 ~ 12 minutes;
Then in 55 ~ 65 minutes, cool to 280 ~ 320 ℃, be incubated furnace cooling after 8 ~ 12 minutes; Lower than blow-on door after 150 ℃; Come out of the stove lower than 80 ℃.
The CBN fiber abrasive particle obtaining can be realized the rule of the inner CBN abrasive particle of the grinding-wheel grinder bed of material and arrange, and meets the requirement at aspects such as intensity, wear resistance, self-sharpenings to abrasive particle of resin, pottery, metallic bond hard grinding wheel simultaneously.Resin, pottery, the metallic bond hard grinding wheel that this CBN fiber abrasive particle is made can be used for the processing of aerospace, automobile and other industries key components and parts, such as aero-engine turbine disk and gear, automobile camshaft and gear etc.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the Electronic Speculum figure of common CBN particulate state abrasive particle.
Fig. 2 is the CBN fiber abrasive particle schematic diagram that embodiment 1 prepares.
Fig. 3 adopts CBN fiber abrasive particle of the present invention and the inner CBN abrasive particle of the grinding-wheel grinder bed of material the realized rule schematic diagram of arranging.
Fig. 4 is the chaotic distribution schematic diagram of the resin that adopts CBN particulate state abrasive particle shown in Fig. 1 to make, pottery, the inner CBN abrasive particle of metal bonded wheel abrasive material.
Fig. 5 is CBN fiber abrasive particle blank compacting grooved mould photo (note: dies cavity dimensions, as consistent with the CBN fiber grit size specification of the work of drawing up in length and width).
Wherein: 1-CBN particulate state abrasive particle; The matrix material of 2-fiber abrasive particle inside; The bonding agent material (for resin, pottery, metal bonded wheel, its bonding agent material is followed successively by resin, pottery, alloy) of 3-grinding-wheel grinder bed of material inside; 4-dies cavity; 5-mold shell.
Embodiment
In specific embodiment and comparative example, the CBN abrasive particle of employing is of a size of 150 ~ 180 μ m; For convenience of comparing, the cross section length of side of prepared CBN fiber abrasive particle is that 0.5mm, length are 5mm.(note: this kind of CBN fiber abrasive particle is particularly suitable for making resin, pottery, the Metal-bonded CBN emery wheel for high efficient grinding, from guaranteeing the consideration of emery wheel safety perspective, the abrasive material thickness of this kind of emery wheel is generally 5mm).Be pointed out that, the dimensions of CBN fiber abrasive particle of the present invention also can be made into other cross section length of side and length.
Embodiment 1
A kind of cubic boron nitride fiber abrasive particle, comprises 30 % by weight cubic boron nitride abrasive grains and 70 % by weight binding agent two portions, wherein cubic boron nitride abrasive grain upper layer titanizing, the thickness 8 μ m of coating; The component of binding agent and weight percent content are: Al 2o 3powder 18%, B 2o 3powder 30%, Na 2o powder 7%, SiO 2powder 45%.
The preparation method of cubic boron nitride fiber abrasive particle: titanizing layer CBN abrasive particle mixes with binding agent, adds appropriate dextrin, stirs; Then the starting material after mixing are put into and are filled with stainless steel mould type groove; Then the demoulding after mould and fiber abrasive particle being put into process furnace toast 130 minutes at 110 ℃ of temperature, makes CBN fiber abrasive particle blank; Then (vacuum tightness is not worse than 10 blank to be put into vacuum sintering furnace -2pa), the temperature of reaction system was warmed up to 400 ℃ at 60 minutes from room temperature, is incubated 10 minutes; Then be warmed up to 600 ℃ at 60 minutes, be incubated 10 minutes; Then be warmed up to 800 ℃ at 120 minutes, be incubated 20 minutes; Then cool to 600 ℃ at 120 minutes, be incubated 10 minutes; Then in 60 minutes, cool to 300 ℃, be incubated furnace cooling after 10 minutes; Lower than 150 ℃, blow-on door; Come out of the stove lower than 80 ℃.
Embodiment 2 is different from embodiment 1 part and is titanizing CBN abrasive particle 35 % by weight, binding agent 65 % by weight.The component of binding agent and weight percent content are: Al 2o 3powder 16%, B 2o 3powder 32%, Na 2o powder 10%, SiO 2powder 42%.
Embodiment 3 is different from embodiment 1 part and is titanizing CBN abrasive particle 40 % by weight, binding agent 60 % by weight.The component of binding agent and weight percent content are: Al 2o 3powder 20%, B 2o 3powder 28%, Na 2o powder 3%, SiO 2powder 49%.
Embodiment 4 ~ 6 material content that adopts and ladder heating and cooling process are with embodiment 1 ~ 3, but the coated metal on CBN surface is chromium, and thickness is 8 μ m.
Embodiment 7 is different from embodiment 1 part and is titanizing CBN abrasive particle 35 % by weight, binding agent 65 % by weight, and CBN abrasive particle plated surface titanium layer thickness is 5 μ m.
Embodiment 8 is different from embodiment 1 part and is titanizing CBN abrasive particle 35 % by weight, binding agent 65 % by weight, and CBN abrasive particle plated surface titanium layer thickness is 10 μ m.
Embodiment 9 ~ 12 is different from embodiment 1 part and is titanizing CBN abrasive particle 35 % by weight, binding agent 65 % by weight, and but ladder heating-cooling process difference (note: temperature unit for ℃, consuming time be incubated unit and be minute).Concrete lifting temperature is in table 1
The ladder heating-cooling process parameter that table 1 embodiment 9 ~ 12 adopts
Figure BDA00001760293300051
Table 2 has been listed raw material and the sintering condition of comparative example 1 ~ 6.Wherein, the surface titanizing of CBN abrasive particle, thickness is 8 μ m.In table 2, only, in the 4th, 5 maximum heating temperature and the soaking times thereof of vacuum sintering process that listed model, remaining heating-cooling process parameter is with embodiment 1.
Component table and heating parameters that table 2 comparative example 1 ~ 6 adopts
Figure BDA00001760293300052
Table 3 has been listed comparative example 7 ~ 9.Wherein, CBN abrasive particle surface titanizing.Abrasive particle is identical with embodiment 2 with the weight percent of binding agent and the ladder heating and cooling process parameter of sintering process.
The CBN abrasive particle plated surface titanium layer thickness that table 3 comparative example 7 ~ 9 adopts
Table 4 is in 12 embodiment of the present invention and 9 comparative examples, the intensity of CBN fiber abrasive particle, wear resistance and the performance comparison result from sharp ability.Wherein, intensity is measured by proof bend test, represents (relative value is larger, and intensity is higher) with relative value; Wear resistance is by the friction and wear test evaluation (with the relative value evaluation of mass rate of material loss, relative value is larger, and CBN fiber abrasive particle is more not wear-resisting) of CBN fiber abrasive particle and nickel base superalloy.Represent (represent with relative value, relative value is larger, more Yi Zirui) from sharp ability with micro-pressure relative value of bearing when broken.
Table 4CBN fiber abrasive particle performance comparison
Fig. 2 is CBN fiber abrasive particle schematic diagram.Fig. 3 is the inner CBN abrasive particle of the grinding-wheel grinder bed of material realized by the CBN fiber abrasive particle of the present invention rule schematic diagram of arranging.The abrasive material of the resin made with Fig. 1 and the unordered random arrangement of the employing plain particles shape CBN abrasive particle shown in Fig. 4, pottery, metal bonded wheel is compared, and the grinding-wheel grinder bed of material of being made by CBN fiber abrasive particle can be realized the rule of CBN abrasive particle and arrange.

Claims (2)

1. cubic boron nitride fiber abrasive particle, is characterized in that comprising cubic boron nitride abrasive grain and matrix material two portions, and wherein cubic boron nitride abrasive grain surface is provided with titanizing layer or chromium coating, and the thickness of coating is 5 ~ 10 μ m; The each accounting example of abrasive particle and binding agent is abrasive particle 30 % by weight ~ 40 % by weight, binding agent 60 % by weight ~ 70 % by weight; Abrasive particle and binding agent adopt mechanical means to stir, and in whipping process, add interim binding agent; The component of matrix material and weight percent content are: Al 2o 3powder 16 ~ 20%, B 2o 3powder 28 ~ 32%, Na 2o powder 3 ~ 10%, all the other are SiO 2powder, is that the raw material after compounding is evenly put into and the consistent size dies cavity of the CBN fiber abrasive particle of required making, after compacting, puts into process furnace demoulding after drying, makes blank; Then blank is put into vacuum sintering furnace sintering gained, the temperature lift-down curve of reaction system is: be warmed up to 380-420 ℃ at 55-65 minute from room temperature, insulation 8-12 minute;
Then be warmed up to 580-620 ℃ at 55-65 minute, insulation 8-12 minute;
Then be warmed up to 795-805 ℃ at 110-130 minute, insulation 18-22 minute;
Then cooled to 580-620 ℃ at 110-130 minute, insulation 8-12 minute;
Then in 55-65 minute, cool to 280-320 ℃, be incubated furnace cooling after 8-12 minute; Lower than blow-on door after 150 ℃; Come out of the stove lower than 80 ℃;
Described interim caking agent is dextrin.
2. the preparation method based on cubic boron nitride fiber abrasive particle claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) first binding agent and cubic boron nitride abrasive grain are passed through to add interim caking agent mixing material;
(2) then the raw material after compounding is evenly put into dies cavity, after compacting, put into process furnace demoulding after drying, make blank;
(3) then blank is put into vacuum sintering furnace;
The temperature lift-down curve of reaction system is: be warmed up to 380-420 ℃ at 55-65 minute from room temperature, insulation 8-12 minute;
Then be warmed up to 580-620 ℃ at 55-65 minute, insulation 8-12 minute;
Then be warmed up to 795-805 ℃ at 110-130 minute, insulation 18-22 minute;
Then cooled to 580-620 ℃ at 110-130 minute, insulation 8-12 minute;
Then in 55-65 minute, cool to 280-320 ℃, be incubated furnace cooling after 8-12 minute; Lower than blow-on door after 150 ℃; Come out of the stove lower than 80 ℃; Described interim caking agent is dextrin.
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CN103087676B (en) * 2013-01-29 2014-07-30 淄博理研泰山涂附磨具有限公司 Sintering method of abrasion resisting abrasive particles
CN103846817B (en) * 2014-01-29 2017-01-11 南京航空航天大学 Manufacturing method for abrasive cluster and air hole three-dimensional controllable arrangement CBN (cubic boron nitride) grinding wheel
EP3209461A4 (en) * 2014-10-21 2018-08-22 3M Innovative Properties Company Abrasive preforms, method of making an abrasive article, and bonded abrasive article
CN105234840A (en) * 2015-10-09 2016-01-13 芜湖市鸿坤汽车零部件有限公司 Chemical nickel-plating diamond abrasive resin grinding wheel and preparation method thereof
CN108129067B (en) * 2017-12-30 2020-09-29 苏州赛尔科技有限公司 Diamond scribing knife for ceramic substrate segmentation and preparation method thereof
CN109227410B (en) * 2018-09-27 2020-12-15 河南工业大学 cBN composite abrasive and manufacturing method thereof

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CN1611461A (en) * 2003-10-30 2005-05-04 许水红 Cubic boron nitride composite piece
CN1876272A (en) * 2006-06-27 2006-12-13 上海大学 Preparation method of boron nitride ceramic shell for titanium and titanium alloy precision casting

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CN1876272A (en) * 2006-06-27 2006-12-13 上海大学 Preparation method of boron nitride ceramic shell for titanium and titanium alloy precision casting

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