CN102732213A - Cubic boron nitride fiber abrasive particles and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Cubic boron nitride fiber abrasive particles and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN102732213A
CN102732213A CN2012101944285A CN201210194428A CN102732213A CN 102732213 A CN102732213 A CN 102732213A CN 2012101944285 A CN2012101944285 A CN 2012101944285A CN 201210194428 A CN201210194428 A CN 201210194428A CN 102732213 A CN102732213 A CN 102732213A
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cbn
abrasive particle
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boron nitride
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CN102732213B (en
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丁文锋
徐九华
苗情
杨长勇
苏宏华
傅玉灿
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Abstract

The invention relates to cubic boron nitride (CBN) fiber abrasive particles and a preparation method thereof. The CBN fiber abrasive particles comprise CBN abrasive particles and a bonding material, wherein the CBN abrasive particle surface is provided with a titanium coating or a chromium coating, and the thickness of the coating is 5-10 mum; the bonding material comprises 16-20wt% of Al2O3 powder, 28-32 wt% of B2O3 powder, 3-10 wt% of Na2O powder, and the balance of SiO2 powder; the sintering method is characterized by heating up to achieve a highest heating temperature of 795-805 DEG C by stage heating and preserving the heat for 18-22 min. The CBN fiber abrasive particles of the invention can realize the regular arrangement of the CBN abrasive particles in resin, ceramic, metal binder grinding wheel abrasive layers, and have the characteristics of high strength, good wear resistance and good self-sharpening performance, thus the grinding efficiency and quality are raised. The application of the CBN fiber abrasive particles in preparing grinding wheels can satisfy the grinding requirements of key components in aerospace, automobile and other industries.

Description

Cubic boron nitride fiber abrasive particle and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to be used for the cubic boron nitride fiber abrasive particle of super-abrasive grinding wheel, belong to the super-hard abrasive technical field.
Background technology
Nineteen fifty-seven, the R.H.Wentorf association graphite of GE's superhard material research department changed into adamantine reason, adopted similar methods synthesizing cubic boron nitride (Cubic Boron Nitride is hereinafter to be referred as CBN) micro powder granule successfully first.From 20th century early sixties to the seventies initial stage, the FSU, Britain, preceding West Germany, Japan and China have all grasped the synthetic technology of CBN in succession.Because the high firmness of CBN material is superior to adamantine thermostability and unreactiveness with having, and has caused the very big concern of processing technology circle.The various super-abrasive grinding wheels that adopt the CBN particle to make have obtained application more and more widely in the efficient precise grinding processing of metallic substance such as titanium alloy, nickel base superalloy, plow-steel, ultrahigh-strength steel.
Be pointed out that present stage, that selects for use was particulate state CBN abrasive particle when making the CBN super-abrasive grinding wheel.The length-to-diameter ratio of such abrasive particle is usually about 1, and is as shown in Figure 1.The simple problem that adopts this particulate state abrasive particle to make the emery wheel existence mainly is: can't realize that abrasive particle is in resin, pottery, the inner regular distribution of Metal-bonded CBN emery wheel abrasive material; Abrasive particle always is in the chaotic random state, and (annotate: the CBN emery wheel generally includes metallic matrix and abrasive material two portions; Abrasive material is the working portion of emery wheel; Metallic matrix plays a supportive role, and passes through glue between abrasive material and the metallic matrix).
Theoretical investigation and grinding practice are verified, and CBN abrasive particle rule is arranged in sharpness and the life-span that the emery wheel abrasive material can significantly improve emery wheel, thereby reach the efficient of raising grinding process and the purpose of quality.It is closely related that its reason and the unordered stochastic distribution state of particulate state CBN abrasive particle have no idea to realize pottery, metal, resin bond wheel entire work process are all had effective control of consistent workplace state, and then cause the excellent grinding performance of CBN super-hard abrasive to be not fully exerted and show.Present stage, abrasive particle rule alignment technology can only be realized in plating and soldering emery wheel, sees document (J.C.Aurich for details; P.Herzenstiel, H.Sudermann, T.Magg.High-performance dry grinding using a grinding wheel with a defined grain pattern.CIRP Annals-Manufacturing Technology; 2008,57:357-362) with document (W.F.Ding, J.H.Xu; M.Shen, Y.C.Fu, B.Xiao; H.H.Su; H.J.Xu.Development and performance of monolayer brazed CBN grinding tools.International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 2007,34:491-495) etc.But,, make the working life of emery wheel significantly be lower than pottery, resin, the Metal-bonded CBN emery wheel that contains the multilayer abrasive particle because only there are single layer of abrasive particles in plating and soldering emery wheel.This application that causes electroplating with soldering CBN emery wheel receives restriction largely.In addition, electroplate and the abrasive particle rule of soldering CBN emery wheel is arranged and only required in two dimensional surface and realize, and for the abrasive material of pottery, resin, metal bonded wheel, its abrasive particle rule is arranged and then required in three-dimensional rectangular parallelepiped, to realize, difficulty is very big.This also is that pottery, resin, metal bonded wheel abrasive material can't be realized the major cause that the abrasive particle three-dimensional regular is arranged so far.
In order to realize the regular distribution of the inner CBN abrasive particle of pottery, resin, Metal-bonded CBN emery wheel abrasive material, people have attempted a lot of methods, but all can't attain the results expected, and its reason and CBN abrasive particle are that graininess shown in Figure 1 is directly related.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes cubic boron nitride fiber abrasive particle, on the one hand, through constraint and the fixed action of fiber condition to CBN abrasive particle position, realizes that the rule of pottery, resin, the inner CBN abrasive particle of metal bonded wheel abrasive material is arranged.On the other hand, this kind abrasive particle has the good characteristics of intensity height, wear resistance and self-sharpening, satisfies the requirement of super-abrasive grinding wheel to abrasive particle intensity, wear resistance and self-sharpening, thereby improves grinding efficiency and quality.
The present invention is achieved through following technical scheme:
A kind of cubic boron nitride fiber abrasive particle comprises cubic boron nitride abrasive grain and sticker two portions, and wherein the cubic boron nitride abrasive grain surface is provided with titanizing layer or chromium coating, and the thickness of coating is 5 ~ 8 μ m; The component of sticker and weight percent content are: Al 2O 3Powder 16 ~ 20%, B 2O 3Powder 28 ~ 32%, Na 2O powder 3 ~ 10%, all the other are SiO 2Powder.Each accounting example of abrasive particle and sticker is abrasive particle 30 weight % ~ 40 weight %, sticker 60 weight % ~ 70 weight %.
Adopt surperficial titanizing or chromed CBN abrasive particle; Compare with common no coating CBN abrasive particle; It mainly acts on and is to improve in the sintering process glassy phase matrix material to the wettability and the hold of CBN abrasive particle through the overlay coating metal, thereby improves the intensity, wear resistance of CBN fiber abrasive particle and from sharp ability.
A kind of preparation method of cubic boron nitride fiber abrasive particle may further comprise the steps:
(1) matrix material and coating CBN abrasive particle mixing material
Titanizing layer or chromium coating CBN abrasive particle, the shared weight percent of sticker are respectively: CBN abrasive particle 30 ~ 40%, sticker 60 ~ 70%;
The titanizing layer of CBN grain or chromium coating thickness are 5 ~ 10 μ m;
Abrasive particle and sticker adopt mechanical means to stir, and in whipping process, add an amount of interim sticker, and its addition is as the criterion so that starting material are stirred.The removal because interim sticker will volatilize in the drying course of step (2) is so its addition need not quantitative control.Said interim sticker is a dextrin;
The feed composition of sticker and weight percent content are: Al 2O 3Powder 16 ~ 20%, B 2O 3Powder 28 ~ 32%, Na 2O powder 3 ~ 10%, all the other are SiO 2Powder.
(2) CBN fiber abrasive particle blank is made
Raw material after the compounding in the step (1) is evenly put into dies cavity shown in Figure 5, the consistent size of the CBN fiber abrasive particle of the dimensions of dies cavity and required making.Then, in the pressure pressed of 100MPa.Subsequently, mould and fiber abrasive particle are put into process furnace, the demoulding after toasting 120 ~ 140 minutes under 100 ~ 120 ℃ of temperature.
(3) CBN fiber abrasive particle high temperature sintering moulding
The sintering process of said CBN fiber abrasive particle is carried out in vacuum sintering furnace, and vacuum tightness is not worse than 10 -2Pa; The temperature lift-down curve of reaction system is:
Be warmed up to 380 ~ 420 ℃ from room temperature in 55 ~ 65 minutes, and be incubated 8 ~ 12 minutes;
Be warmed up to 580 ~ 620 ℃ at 55 ~ 65 minutes then, be incubated 8 ~ 12 minutes;
Be warmed up to 795 ~ 805 ℃ at 110 ~ 130 minutes then, be incubated 18 ~ 22 minutes;
Cool to 580 ~ 620 ℃ at 110 ~ 130 minutes then, be incubated 8 ~ 12 minutes;
In 55 ~ 65 minutes, cool to 280 ~ 320 ℃ then, be incubated furnace cooling after 8 ~ 12 minutes; Blow-on door after being lower than 150 ℃; Being lower than 80 ℃ comes out of the stove.
The CBN fiber abrasive particle that obtains can realize that the rule of the inner CBN abrasive particle of emery wheel abrasive material arranges, and satisfies resin, pottery, metallic bond hard grinding wheel simultaneously to the requirement of abrasive particle at aspects such as intensity, wear resistance, self-sharpenings.Resin, pottery, the metallic bond hard grinding wheel that this CBN fiber abrasive particle is made can be used for the processing of aerospace, automobile and other industries key components and parts, for example aero-engine turbine disk and gear, automobile camshaft and gear etc.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the Electronic Speculum figure of common CBN particulate state abrasive particle.
The CBN fiber abrasive particle synoptic diagram that Fig. 2 prepares for embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 adopts CBN fiber abrasive particle according to the invention and the inner CBN abrasive particle of the emery wheel abrasive material rule that the realizes synoptic diagram of arranging.
The chaotic distribution synoptic diagram of the resin that Fig. 4 makes for employing CBN particulate state abrasive particle shown in Figure 1, pottery, the inner CBN abrasive particle of metal bonded wheel abrasive material.
Fig. 5 is CBN fiber abrasive particle blank compacting with grooved mould photo (annotate: dies cavity dimensions, like consistent the getting final product of CBN fiber grit size specification of the length and width and the work of drawing up).
Wherein: 1-CBN particulate state abrasive particle; The matrix material that 2-fiber abrasive particle is inner; The wedding agent material (for resin, pottery, metal bonded wheel, its wedding agent material is followed successively by resin, pottery, alloy) that 3-emery wheel abrasive material is inner; The 4-dies cavity; The 5-mold shell.
Embodiment
In specific embodiment and Comparative Examples, the CBN abrasive particle of employing is of a size of 150 ~ 180 μ m; For relatively convenient, the cross section length of side of prepared CBN fiber abrasive particle is that 0.5mm, length are 5mm.(annotate: this kind CBN fiber abrasive particle is particularly suitable for making resin, pottery, the Metal-bonded CBN emery wheel that is used for high efficient grinding, considers that from guaranteeing the emery wheel safety perspective abrasive material thickness of this kind emery wheel is generally 5mm).Be pointed out that the dimensions of CBN fiber abrasive particle according to the invention also can be made into other cross section length of side and length.
Embodiment 1
A kind of cubic boron nitride fiber abrasive particle comprises 30 weight % cubic boron nitride abrasive grains and 70 weight % sticker two portions, wherein cubic boron nitride abrasive grain upper layer titanizing, the thickness 8 μ m of coating; The component of sticker and weight percent content are: Al 2O 3Powder 18%, B 2O 3Powder 30%, Na 2O powder 7%, SiO 2Powder 45%.
The preparation method of cubic boron nitride fiber abrasive particle: titanizing layer CBN abrasive particle mixes with sticker, adds an amount of dextrin, stirs; Then stainless steel mould type groove is put into and be filled with to the starting material behind the mixing; Then mould and fiber abrasive particle are put into process furnace in baking demoulding after 130 minutes under 110 ℃ of temperature, make CBN fiber abrasive particle blank; (vacuum tightness is not worse than 10 then blank to be put into vacuum sintering furnace -2Pa), the temperature of reaction system is warmed up to 400 ℃ at 60 minutes from room temperature, is incubated 10 minutes; Be warmed up to 600 ℃ at 60 minutes then, be incubated 10 minutes; Be warmed up to 800 ℃ at 120 minutes then, be incubated 20 minutes; Cool to 600 ℃ at 120 minutes then, be incubated 10 minutes; In 60 minutes, cool to 300 ℃ then, be incubated furnace cooling after 10 minutes; Be lower than 150 ℃, the blow-on door; Being lower than 80 ℃ comes out of the stove.
Embodiment 2 is different from embodiment 1 part and is titanizing CBN abrasive particle 35 weight %, sticker 65 weight %.The component of sticker and weight percent content are: Al 2O 3Powder 16%, B 2O 3Powder 32%, Na 2O powder 10%, SiO 2Powder 42%.
Embodiment 3 is different from embodiment 1 part and is titanizing CBN abrasive particle 40 weight %, sticker 60 weight %.The component of sticker and weight percent content are: Al 2O 3Powder 20%, B 2O 3Powder 28%, Na 2O powder 3%, SiO 2Powder 49%.
Embodiment 4 ~ 6 material content that adopts and ladder heating and cooling process are with embodiment 1 ~ 3, but the coated metal on CBN surface is a chromium, and thickness is 8 μ m.
Embodiment 7 is different from embodiment 1 part and is titanizing CBN abrasive particle 35 weight %, sticker 65 weight %, and CBN grain titanizing layer thickness is 5 μ m.
Embodiment 8 is different from embodiment 1 part and is titanizing CBN abrasive particle 35 weight %, sticker 65 weight %, and CBN grain titanizing layer thickness is 10 μ m.
Embodiment 9 ~ 12 is different from embodiment 1 part and is titanizing CBN abrasive particle 35 weight %, sticker 65 weight %, and but ladder heating-cooling process different (annotate: temperature unit for ℃, consuming time be incubated unit and be minute).Concrete up-down temperature is seen table 1
The ladder heating-cooling process parameter that table 1 embodiment 9 ~ 12 is adopted
Figure BDA00001760293300051
Table 2 has been listed the raw material and the sintering condition of Comparative Examples 1 ~ 6.Wherein, the titanizing of CBN grain, thickness is 8 μ m.In the table 2, only in the 4th, 5 maximum heating temperature and the soaking times thereof of vacuum sintering process of having listed model, remaining heating-cooling process parameter is with embodiment 1.
Component table and heating parameters that table 2 Comparative Examples 1 ~ 6 is adopted
Figure BDA00001760293300052
Table 3 has been listed Comparative Examples 7 ~ 9.Wherein, CBN grain titanizing.The weight percent of abrasive particle and sticker and the ladder heating and cooling process parameter of sintering process are identical with embodiment 2.
The CBN grain titanizing layer thickness that table 3 Comparative Examples 7 ~ 9 is adopted
Figure BDA00001760293300061
Table 4 is in 12 embodiment of the present invention and 9 Comparative Examples, the intensity of CBN fiber abrasive particle, wear resistance and from the performance comparison result of sharp ability.Wherein, intensity is measured through proof bend test, representes (relative value is big more, and intensity is high more) with relative value; Wear resistance is through the friction and wear test evaluation (with the relative value evaluation of mass rate of material loss, relative value is big more, and CBN fiber abrasive particle is more not wear-resisting) of CBN fiber abrasive particle and nickel base superalloy.Represent (representing that with relative value relative value is big more, more Yi Zirui) from sharp ability with little pressure relative value of bearing when broken.
Table 4CBN fiber abrasive particle performance comparison
Figure BDA00001760293300062
Fig. 2 is a CBN fiber abrasive particle synoptic diagram.Fig. 3 is the inner CBN abrasive particle of the emery wheel abrasive material rule that realizes through the CBN fiber abrasive particle according to the invention synoptic diagram of arranging.The abrasive material of the resin made from the unordered random arrangement of Fig. 1 and employing plain particles shape CBN abrasive particle shown in Figure 4, pottery, metal bonded wheel is compared, and the emery wheel abrasive material of being made by CBN fiber abrasive particle can realize that the rule of CBN abrasive particle arranges.

Claims (3)

1. cubic boron nitride fiber abrasive particle is characterized in that comprising cubic boron nitride abrasive grain and matrix material two portions, and wherein the cubic boron nitride abrasive grain surface is provided with titanizing layer or chromium coating, and the thickness of coating is 5 ~ 10 μ m; The component of matrix material and weight percent content are: Al 2O 3Powder 16 ~ 20%, B 2O 3Powder 28 ~ 32%, Na 2O powder 3 ~ 10%, all the other are SiO 2Powder.
2. based on the preparation method of the described cubic boron nitride fiber of claim 1 abrasive particle, it is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) at first sticker and cubic boron nitride abrasive grain are passed through to add interim caking agent mixing material;
(2) then the raw material after the compounding is evenly put into dies cavity, after the compacting, put into the process furnace demoulding after drying, process blank;
(3) then blank is put into vacuum sintering furnace;
The temperature lift-down curve of reaction system is: be warmed up to 380-420 ℃ at 55-65 minute from room temperature, be incubated 8-12 minute;
Be warmed up to 580-620 ℃ at 55-65 minute then, be incubated 8-12 minute;
Be warmed up to 795-805 ℃ at 110-130 minute then, be incubated 18-22 minute;
Cool to 580-620 ℃ at 110-130 minute then, be incubated 8-12 minute;
In 55-65 minute, cool to 280-320 ℃ then, be incubated furnace cooling after 8-12 minute; Blow-on door after being lower than 150 ℃; Being lower than 80 ℃ comes out of the stove.
3. the preparation method of cubic boron nitride fiber abrasive particle according to claim 2 is characterized in that described interim caking agent is a dextrin.
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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103087676A (en) * 2013-01-29 2013-05-08 淄博理研泰山涂附磨具有限公司 Sintering method of abrasion resisting abrasive particles
CN103846817A (en) * 2014-01-29 2014-06-11 南京航空航天大学 Abrasive cluster and air hole three-dimensional controllable arrangement CBN (cubic boron nitride) grinding wheel and manufacturing method thereof
CN105234840A (en) * 2015-10-09 2016-01-13 芜湖市鸿坤汽车零部件有限公司 Chemical nickel-plating diamond abrasive resin grinding wheel and preparation method thereof
CN107073686A (en) * 2014-10-21 2017-08-18 3M创新有限公司 Abrasive material preformed member, the method and bonded abrasive article for preparing abrasive product
CN108129067A (en) * 2017-12-30 2018-06-08 苏州赛尔科技有限公司 A kind of ceramic substrate segmentation diamond scribing knife and preparation method thereof
CN109227410A (en) * 2018-09-27 2019-01-18 河南工业大学 A kind of cBN abrasive compound and its manufacturing method

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1611461A (en) * 2003-10-30 2005-05-04 许水红 Cubic boron nitride composite piece
CN1876272A (en) * 2006-06-27 2006-12-13 上海大学 Preparation method of boron nitride ceramic shell for titanium and titanium alloy precision casting

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1611461A (en) * 2003-10-30 2005-05-04 许水红 Cubic boron nitride composite piece
CN1876272A (en) * 2006-06-27 2006-12-13 上海大学 Preparation method of boron nitride ceramic shell for titanium and titanium alloy precision casting

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103087676A (en) * 2013-01-29 2013-05-08 淄博理研泰山涂附磨具有限公司 Sintering method of abrasion resisting abrasive particles
CN103087676B (en) * 2013-01-29 2014-07-30 淄博理研泰山涂附磨具有限公司 Sintering method of abrasion resisting abrasive particles
CN103846817A (en) * 2014-01-29 2014-06-11 南京航空航天大学 Abrasive cluster and air hole three-dimensional controllable arrangement CBN (cubic boron nitride) grinding wheel and manufacturing method thereof
CN107073686A (en) * 2014-10-21 2017-08-18 3M创新有限公司 Abrasive material preformed member, the method and bonded abrasive article for preparing abrasive product
CN105234840A (en) * 2015-10-09 2016-01-13 芜湖市鸿坤汽车零部件有限公司 Chemical nickel-plating diamond abrasive resin grinding wheel and preparation method thereof
CN108129067A (en) * 2017-12-30 2018-06-08 苏州赛尔科技有限公司 A kind of ceramic substrate segmentation diamond scribing knife and preparation method thereof
CN109227410A (en) * 2018-09-27 2019-01-18 河南工业大学 A kind of cBN abrasive compound and its manufacturing method

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