CN102731196A - Novel nitrogen fertilizer - Google Patents
Novel nitrogen fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN102731196A CN102731196A CN2011100907528A CN201110090752A CN102731196A CN 102731196 A CN102731196 A CN 102731196A CN 2011100907528 A CN2011100907528 A CN 2011100907528A CN 201110090752 A CN201110090752 A CN 201110090752A CN 102731196 A CN102731196 A CN 102731196A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a novel nitrogen fertilizer, which is granular or powdery. The nitrogen fertilizer is characterized in that every 100 parts of the nitrogen fertilizer includes the following raw materials by mass: 6-15 parts of the amide nitrogen, 12-19 parts of ammonium nitrogen, 0.2-1 part of zinc in terms of zinc oxide, 0.5-2 parts of magnesium in terms of magnesium oxide, 0.2-1 part of boron in terms of boron oxide, and 5-15 parts of a sustained release filling material. The nitrogen fertilizer of the invention has the advantages of more reasonable raw material resource allocation, more comprehensive efficacy, lower cost, less loss and waste, environmental protection and energy saving, fills the nitrogen fertilizer vacancy, enriches existing nitrogen fertilizer variety, and provides a more forceful guarantee for agricultural development.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of nitrogenous fertilizer, relate in particular to a kind of new type nitrogen fertilizer that has various nitrogenous fertilizer advantages now and abandoned its shortcoming that combines, belong to the nitrogen fertilizer production field.
Background technology
At present China's nitrogenous fertilizer industry principal item has urea, bicarbonate of ammonia, an ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate and ammonium chloride etc., be used at present directly fertilising maximum be urea, carbon ammonium, ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate are mainly used in that to produce phosphorus multiple fertile, seldom directly use.
Shown in China's nitrogen fertilizer production situation saw the following form in 2006:
Directly be used at present mainly the nitrogenous fertilizer---carbon ammonium, the urea that apply fertilizer, in use for many years, expose a lot of problems:
One, carbon ammonium: the atrophy significantly of the manufacturer of carbon ammonium, dealer, the market requirement, just becoming the nitrogen fertilizers that is eliminated, middle low levels nitrogenous fertilizer forms blank gradually.
China produces the carbon ammonium and begins since nineteen fifty-nine, and the carbon ammonium is historical in the use in existing more than 40 year of China.Absorbed by crop root soon during it is manured into soil, and equally need transform and could be absorbed by crop unlike urea, effect is got instant result.Carbon ammonium low price is more worthwhile economically in addition, receives the particularly more weak peasant's of those purchasing power welcome of peasant.
But the carbon ammonium also has distinct disadvantage.Main drawback is that fertilizer efficiency is low, and is volatile, is prone to caking, and utilization ratio is low, is difficult for keeping and stores, unsuitable long-distance transport.Under the impact of high-effective chemical fertilizers such as urea, phosphorus ammonium and composite fertilizer, the volume of production and marketing of China's carbon ammonium all was the gesture of obvious decline in recent years, and market is constantly dwindling.
Nineteen fifty-nine, China's first was produced the carbon ammonium, and output is 0.02 ten thousand ton (being pure, together following), and nineteen sixty-five, China's carbon ammonium output reaches 11.4 ten thousand tons, and 1972, China's carbon ammonium output reached 119.3 ten thousand tons.Get into the eighties in 20th century, China's carbon ammonium has got into great development period, and carbon ammonium output reached 513.8 ten thousand tons in 1981, and 1996 YO reach 1013.8 ten thousand tons.Beginning China in 1997 carbon ammonium production is gone down hill, and the ultimate production of carbon ammonium is 853.4 ten thousand tons then, and the urea ultimate production is 1028.1 ten thousand tons, and the ratio of the output of urea and carbon ammonium is 49.56: 41.14, and the carbon ammonium is surpassed by urea for the first time.Hereafter urea is occupied stably " first armchair " on China nitrogenous fertilizer market, and the carbon ammonium then is forced to " second child ", and both gaps are increasing.
China's carbon ammonium output descends significantly, mainly contains the reason of two aspects, and the one, many carbon ammoniums manufacturing enterprise small scale, yield poorly, consume height, equipment is outmoded, and technology falls behind, and extensive management suffers great loss, and in the spring tide of market economy, is eliminated one after another.China carbon ammonium manufacturer reached 1539 families in 1979, and only remaining 541 families during by 2002 had 27 families out again in 2003, also surplus at present 514 families, and mortality is up to 66.6%.The 2nd, it is low to produce carbon ammonium benefit, many carbon ammoniums enterprise all change the line of production urea or other products.National little nitrogenous fertilizer enterprises urea average production cost in 2003 (absorbed costs, down with) is 1046 yuan/ton, and the average sale price of national urea is 1301.25 yuan/ton, and the profit of urea per ton is 255.25 yuan; National then little nitrogenous fertilizer enterprises carbon ammonium average production cost is 376 yuan/ton, and average selling price is 390 yuan/ton, and the profit of carbon ammonium per ton is 14 yuan.
Two, urea: urea is present main flow nitrogen fertilizers, but also has following shortcoming:
1, contained nutrient is single, and long-term application causes fruit, dish nutritional trouble easily, produces nutritional deficiency disease;
2, lack organic matter, use separately, cause soil compaction easily, cause Soil structure bad;
3, consumption is too much, causes crop excessive growth easily, and it is prosperous promptly to nourish and grow; Henan Province's wheat is because of nitrogen fertilizer application lodging partially; The annual underproduction is lost nearly 1,000,000,000 kilograms; The wheat on ground such as Sichuan all breaks out rust basic every year, and the rice blast hypochnus is more and more serious in recent years, snout moth's larva harm is more and more serious for northeast and southwest, south China paddy rice, and nitrogen fertilizer application is one of major reason partially;
4, contain a kind of toxic substance that is called biuret in the urea, long-term on fruit, dish, independent, continuous administration urea cause biuret to poison easily;
5 compare with other nitrogenous fertilizer, and the urea cost is higher, because the main raw material(s) of urea manufacturing is Sweet natural gas and coal, belong to Nonrenewable resources property product, and price is soaring will to be inevitable, and must popularize in an all-round way and use having influence on it.
Three, the utilization ratio of existing nitrogenous fertilizer is very low, carbon ammonium only about 25%, urea only about 30%, waste and pollute very serious.
1985 to 1996, China used 2.2 hundred million tons of nitrogen total amounts, ran off at least more than 100,000,000 tons;
Only annual 2000000 tons in the nitrogenous fertilizer of therefore running off of the province in Henan is equivalent to the YO of 10 middle scale nitrogenous fertilizer plant, and the refining coal of the chemical fertilizer raw material of annual waste just has 1,200,000 tons.
Four, existing directly nitrogen fertilizers---urea, the carbon ammonium of use all are single form nitrogen, and there is limitation in the effect of crop.
The carbon ammonium belongs to ammonium fertilizer, can directly be absorbed by crop after being manured into soil, but volatilization easily in alkaline soils can change into nitric nitrogen in the good soil of ventilation, be prone to cause the leaching loss and the loss of nitrogen.And because the carbon ammonium is produced and the atrophy in market, its blank that stays does not have fertilizer variety to fill up.
And urea belongs to the acyl ammonium fertilizer, need in soil, change into ammonium nitrogen under the effect of urea bacterium excretory urase and could supply root system to absorb.Here, the speed of urea conversion depends primarily on the soil moisture at that time.Under the normal circumstances, the urea in being manured into soil all is converted into ammonium nitrogen, when ground temperature is 10 ℃, needs 7-10 days, needs 4-5 days in the time of 20 ℃, only needs 2-3 days in the time of 30 ℃.It is thus clear that crop winter or early spring topdress, use bicarbonate of ammonia than urea instant effect; If use urea, also tend to because the fertilizer efficiency performance slowly influences plant growth.
In addition, an ammonium nitrate provides nitric nitrogen, and nitric nitrogen is soluble in water, and solubleness is big; Be instant nitrogenousfertilizer, but water absorbability is strong, is prone to caking, be in a liquid state after the suction; Cause the difficulty in the use, be heated to be prone to decompose and emit oxygen, volume is increased severely, inflammable and explosive; Dangerous in the fortune, be difficult for being run off easily by soil colloid absorption, especially the paddy field should not be used.
Five, the present situation of other main nitrogenous fertilizer:
Main sulfuric acid of the production of China's ammonium sulfate and ammonia react and obtain, and receive the restriction of sulfuric acid preparation, and ammonium sulfate is mainly by the enterprise production that sulfuric acid by-products is arranged, such as steel mill or the like.
The ammonium chloride of China is almost all from joining alkali production, 1 ton of about 1 ton of ammonium chloride of alkali coproduction.China's ammonium chloride annual production was about 7,000,000 tons in 2007, increased by on a year-on-year basis about 700,000 tons.Annual ammonium chloride export volume will be above 500,000 tons.China's industrial ammonium chloride export volume maintains 80,000～100,000 t always for many years, and the home consumption amount does not break through and progress about 200,000 tons.Estimate " 11. five " during, China joins the potentiality that alkali enterprise still has ten thousand tons/year of raising the output 50-100, estimates that chloride yield will be above 8,000,000 tons/year in 2010.
Say from the use of ammonium chloride fertilizer, the one, direct fertilising, the 2nd, make the fertile raw material of compound.And conduct and carbon ammonium, urea and claim the ammonium chloride of one of three big nitrogenous fertilizer, current China is only less than 10% the direct fertilising that is used for, and what restriction ammonium chloride directly used is that a big factor chloride ion content is too high, is only applicable to not fear-chlorion crop.To be used for the main flow method of manufacture of directly fertilising be a kind of extruder grain technology that the fifties occurs in last century to ammonium chloride in the market, and he carries out granulation with the roll shaft extrusion machine, and particle is inhomogeneous, dust is many, with low content of technology, and environmental pollution is big.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention can comprehensively to have various nitrogenous fertilizer advantages now and abandons the new type nitrogen fertilizer of its shortcoming with regard to be to provide in order addressing the above problem a kind of.
To achieve these goals, the present invention has adopted following technical scheme:
The present invention is particulate state or powdery, and its innovation is: in mass, and in 100 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer; The raw material that comprises following content: the amidonitrogen of 6-15 part; The ammonium nitrogen of 12-19 part, the zinc in zinc oxide of 0.2-1 part, the magnesium in Natural manganese dioxide of 0.5-2 part; 0.2-1 the boron in boron oxide of part, the slow-releasing filler of 5-15 part.
Particularly, according to the actual needs of soil regime and farm crop, in mass; In 100 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, each raw material and content comprise following several kinds of combinations at least: (1) 12 part amidonitrogen, 16 parts ammonium nitrogen; 0.5 the zinc in zinc oxide of part; 0.8 the magnesium in Natural manganese dioxide of part, 0.5 part boron, 12 parts slow-releasing filler in boron oxide; (2) 9 parts amidonitrogen, 16 parts ammonium nitrogen, 0.6 part zinc, 1 part magnesium, 0.6 part boron, 14 parts slow-releasing filler in boron oxide in Natural manganese dioxide in zinc oxide; (3) 7 parts amidonitrogen, 18 parts ammonium nitrogen, 0.7 part zinc, 1.6 parts magnesium, 0.7 part boron, 13 parts slow-releasing filler in boron oxide in Natural manganese dioxide in zinc oxide; (4) 9 parts amidonitrogen, 14 parts ammonium nitrogen, 0.8 part zinc, 1.4 parts magnesium, 0.8 part boron, 15 parts slow-releasing filler in boron oxide in Natural manganese dioxide in zinc oxide; (5) 14 parts amidonitrogen, 16 parts ammonium nitrogen, 0.5 part zinc, 2 parts magnesium, 0.5 part boron, 6 parts slow-releasing filler in boron oxide in Natural manganese dioxide in zinc oxide.
As optimal selection, said slow-releasing filler is a wilkinite.
Further, in mass, in 100 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, also comprise the raw material of following content: the amine DA-6 of 0.05-0.1 part.
Further, in mass, in 100 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, also comprise the raw material of following content: the nitric nitrogen of 0.5-3 part.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
One, the content of amidonitrogen and ammonium nitrogen is between 18-34% among the present invention, and cost is lower, has filled up the product blank that the carbon ammonium stays, and for the user provides more choices, has satisfied each demand layer user's demand;
Two, nutrient of the present invention is abundant, not only contains nitrogen, also contains middle trace element, directly uses as nitrogenous fertilizer, can avoid other nitrogenous fertilizer to use fruit, the dish nutritional trouble that causes, causes crop nutritional deficiency disease;
Three, the present invention has added the slow-releasing filler in granulation process; Make fertilizer possess slow releasing function; Make the crop can be at the nitrogen of short period of time hyperabsorption; Avoid causing crop excessive growth, it is prosperous promptly to nourish and grow, for the user reduces the loss that prosperous, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control input of control and lodging, disease and pest increase bring;
Four, compare with urea, biuret of the present invention can not exceed standard, avoid fruit, long-term on the dish, separately, the biuret that causes of continuous administration urea poisons, and compares with ammonium chloride, the present invention is applicable to and avoids chlorine and fear-chlorion crop not that use range is wider;
Five, cost of the present invention is lower than urea, reduces nitrogenous fertilizer and uses the dependence to urea, because the main raw material(s) of urea manufacturing is Sweet natural gas and coal; Belong to Nonrenewable resources property product; Practiced thrift the energy indirectly, prevented that fertilizer from the energy prices excessively rapid growth, benefiting the agriculture-countryside-farmer;
Six, utilization ratio of the present invention is high; Cut the waste and pollute, this be since in the prescription filler slow releasing function is arranged, the ammonium nitrogen in the prescription is prone to absorbed by soil; Nitrobacteria in cl ions or the sulfonium ion isoreactivity pair ion soil has restraining effect; Can delay the conversion of ammonium nitrogen to nitrogen, reduce nitric nitrogen effectively and run off, fertilizer efficiency is long;
Seven, contain variform nitrogen element among the present invention, concentrate the advantage of various nitrogen, remedy each other simultaneously, maximize favourable factors and minimize unfavourable ones, instant effect, fertilizer efficiency length, loss are lacked;
Eight, the present invention can make full use of and be not easy to the directly nitrogenous fertilizer starting material of fertilising beyond the urea carbon ammonium, promotes the reasonable resources configuration and effectively utilizes.
In sum, resource distribution of the present invention more rationally, effect more comprehensively, cost is lower, run off waste still less, environmental protection and energy saving, fill up the nitrogenous fertilizer vacancy, enriched existing nitrogen fertilizers, for agricultural development provides more sound assurance.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment the present invention is further specified:
Embodiment 1:
In producing 100 tons of nitrogenous fertilizer processes, add the nitrogenous fertilizer that contains 12 tons of amidonitrogens, contain the nitrogenous fertilizer of 16 tons of ammonium nitrogens; 0.5 ton is in the zinc of zinc oxide, 0.8 ton of magnesium in Natural manganese dioxide, 0.5 ton of boron in boron oxide; 12 tons of wilkinites, 0.05 ton of amine DA-6,1 ton of nitric nitrogen; 100 tons of gross weight meters are made into particle or powdery, promptly get the nitrogenous fertilizer finished product of the wherein a kind of proportioning among the present invention.
Embodiment 2:
In producing 100 tons of nitrogenous fertilizer processes, add the nitrogenous fertilizer that contains 9 tons of amidonitrogens, contain the nitrogenous fertilizer of 16 tons of ammonium nitrogens; 0.6 ton is in the zinc of zinc oxide, 1 ton of magnesium in Natural manganese dioxide, 0.6 ton of boron in boron oxide; 14 tons of wilkinites, 0.06 ton of amine DA-6,1.5 tons of nitric nitrogens; 100 tons of gross weight meters are made into particle or powdery, promptly get the nitrogenous fertilizer finished product of the wherein a kind of proportioning among the present invention.
Embodiment 3:
In producing 100 tons of nitrogenous fertilizer processes, add the nitrogenous fertilizer that contains 7 tons of amidonitrogens, contain the nitrogenous fertilizer of 18 tons of ammonium nitrogens; 0.7 ton is in the zinc of zinc oxide, 1.6 tons of magnesium in Natural manganese dioxide, 0.7 ton of boron in boron oxide; 13 tons of wilkinites, 0.08 ton of amine DA-6,2 tons of nitric nitrogens; 100 tons of gross weight meters are made into particle or powdery, promptly get the nitrogenous fertilizer finished product of the wherein a kind of proportioning among the present invention.
Embodiment 4:
In producing 100 tons of nitrogenous fertilizer processes, add the nitrogenous fertilizer that contains 9 tons of amidonitrogens, contain the nitrogenous fertilizer of 14 tons of ammonium nitrogens; 0.8 ton is in the zinc of zinc oxide, 1.4 tons of magnesium in Natural manganese dioxide, 0.8 ton of boron in boron oxide; 15 tons of wilkinites, 0.07 ton of amine DA-6,3 tons of nitric nitrogens; 100 tons of gross weight meters are made into particle or powdery, promptly get the nitrogenous fertilizer finished product of the wherein a kind of proportioning among the present invention.
Embodiment 5:
In producing 100 tons of nitrogenous fertilizer processes, add the nitrogenous fertilizer that contains 14 tons of amidonitrogens, contain the nitrogenous fertilizer of 16 tons of ammonium nitrogens; 0.5 ton is in the zinc of zinc oxide, 2 tons of magnesium in Natural manganese dioxide, 0.5 ton of boron in boron oxide; 6 tons of wilkinites, 0.05 ton of amine DA-6,3 tons of nitric nitrogens; 100 tons of gross weight meters are made into particle or powdery, promptly get the nitrogenous fertilizer finished product of the wherein a kind of proportioning among the present invention.
Above embodiment is merely center of the present invention partition ratio, can also change according to practical situation a variety of different proportionings.
Claims (9)
1. a new type nitrogen fertilizer is particulate state or powdery, it is characterized in that: in mass; In 100 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, comprise the raw material of following content: the amidonitrogen of 6-15 part, the ammonium nitrogen of 12-19 part; 0.2-1 the zinc in zinc oxide of part; 0.5-2 the magnesium in Natural manganese dioxide of part, the boron in boron oxide of 0.2-1 part, the slow-releasing filler of 5-15 part.
2. new type nitrogen fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in mass, and in 100 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer; The raw material that comprises following content: 12 parts amidonitrogen; 16 parts ammonium nitrogen, 0.5 part zinc, 0.8 part magnesium in Natural manganese dioxide in zinc oxide; 0.5 the boron in boron oxide of part, 12 parts slow-releasing filler.
3. new type nitrogen fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in mass, and in 100 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer; The raw material that comprises following content: 9 parts amidonitrogen; 16 parts ammonium nitrogen, 0.6 part zinc, 1 part magnesium in Natural manganese dioxide in zinc oxide; 0.6 the boron in boron oxide of part, 14 parts slow-releasing filler.
4. new type nitrogen fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in mass, and in 100 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer; The raw material that comprises following content: 7 parts amidonitrogen; 18 parts ammonium nitrogen, 0.7 part zinc, 1.6 parts magnesium in Natural manganese dioxide in zinc oxide; 0.7 the boron in boron oxide of part, 13 parts slow-releasing filler.
5. new type nitrogen fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in mass, and in 100 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer; The raw material that comprises following content: 9 parts amidonitrogen; 14 parts ammonium nitrogen, 0.8 part zinc, 1.4 parts magnesium in Natural manganese dioxide in zinc oxide; 0.8 the boron in boron oxide of part, 15 parts slow-releasing filler.
6. new type nitrogen fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in mass, and in 100 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer; The raw material that comprises following content: 14 parts amidonitrogen; 16 parts ammonium nitrogen, 0.5 part zinc, 2 parts magnesium in Natural manganese dioxide in zinc oxide; 0.5 the boron in boron oxide of part, 6 parts slow-releasing filler.
7. according to the described new type nitrogen fertilizer of any one claim among the claim 1-6, it is characterized in that: said slow-releasing filler is a wilkinite.
8. new type nitrogen fertilizer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in mass, in 100 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, also comprise the raw material of following content: the amine DA-6 of 0.05-0.1 part.
9. according to claim 1 or 8 described new type nitrogen fertilizer, it is characterized in that: in mass, in 100 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, also comprise the raw material of following content: the nitric nitrogen of 0.5-3 part.
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| CN2011100907528A CN102731196A (en) | 2011-04-12 | 2011-04-12 | Novel nitrogen fertilizer |
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| CN2011100907528A CN102731196A (en) | 2011-04-12 | 2011-04-12 | Novel nitrogen fertilizer |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105294252A (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2016-02-03 | 山东省花生研究所 | Special nitrogen fertilizer formula improving peanut root growth and increasing peanut yield |
| RU2599170C2 (en) * | 2015-03-05 | 2016-10-10 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Московский технологический университет" | Method of producing porous granulated ammonium nitrate |
| CN107827624A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-03-23 | 青岛住商中农肥料有限公司 | A kind of Synergistic slow release urea and its preparation technology |
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| CN1163877A (en) * | 1997-04-23 | 1997-11-05 | 黄俊夫 | Efficient organic fertilizer and producing method thereof |
| CN1165802A (en) * | 1997-02-24 | 1997-11-26 | 张玉昌 | Physical chemical fertilizer |
| JP2002020187A (en) * | 2000-06-30 | 2002-01-23 | Katakura Chikkarin Co Ltd | Fertilizer for raising seedling of paddy rice and culture soil for raising seedling of paddy rice |
| CN101050152A (en) * | 2007-05-14 | 2007-10-10 | 王学文 | Slow-release nitrogenous fertilizer of containing middle quantity and trace elements |
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2011
- 2011-04-12 CN CN2011100907528A patent/CN102731196A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1165802A (en) * | 1997-02-24 | 1997-11-26 | 张玉昌 | Physical chemical fertilizer |
| CN1163877A (en) * | 1997-04-23 | 1997-11-05 | 黄俊夫 | Efficient organic fertilizer and producing method thereof |
| JP2002020187A (en) * | 2000-06-30 | 2002-01-23 | Katakura Chikkarin Co Ltd | Fertilizer for raising seedling of paddy rice and culture soil for raising seedling of paddy rice |
| CN101050152A (en) * | 2007-05-14 | 2007-10-10 | 王学文 | Slow-release nitrogenous fertilizer of containing middle quantity and trace elements |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2599170C2 (en) * | 2015-03-05 | 2016-10-10 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Московский технологический университет" | Method of producing porous granulated ammonium nitrate |
| CN105294252A (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2016-02-03 | 山东省花生研究所 | Special nitrogen fertilizer formula improving peanut root growth and increasing peanut yield |
| CN107827624A (en) * | 2017-12-20 | 2018-03-23 | 青岛住商中农肥料有限公司 | A kind of Synergistic slow release urea and its preparation technology |
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Application publication date: 20121017 |