Background technology
Traditional NpK complex fertilizer plant recovery of nutrient only is 25%-35%, and wherein the utilization ratio less than 30% of nitrogenous fertilizer is lost especially severe, and causes the pollution of soil pollution, atmospheric environment.
Chinese patent CN 200510102650.8 discloses a kind of melt slime granulating composite fertilizer and manufacture method thereof, one of technical problem that solves is that traditional prilling process composite fertilizer's structure of producing is more loose, the fertilizer dissolving discharges very fast, fertilizer efficiency is decomposed loss piece, the problem that utilization rate of fertilizer is lower.The technical scheme that adopts is that manufacturing processed adopts high-temperature fusion urea to do carrier, and raw material is merged evenly, is spraying the cooling granulating through cat head.Obtained better technical effect.But adopt that above-mentioned preparation method produces compound fertilizer production with tower granulation material product, slow release effect is still not good enough.
Coating controlled-release fertilizer of the prior art, endoplasm type controlled release fertilizer, stable controlled release fertilizer, biostats type controlled release fertilizer, its coated slow-release material adopts sulphur or synthetic resins more, and wherein the sulphur film is easily broken, and crops such as paddy rice class are easily produced the murder by poisoning side effect.Coated with resin is expensive and be difficult in degraded in soil.
The content of chlorion surpasses 3% composite fertilizer and is called chlorine-based compound fertilizer, because there is negative impact in chlorine-based compound fertilizer to the growth of some fear-chlorion crop, and chlorion concentrating in soil is residual in a large number, easily causes soil compaction, salinization, alkalization.So some composite fertilizer manufacturing enterprise adopts vitriolate of tartar to replace Repone K in the potassium source in the compound fertilizer product, perhaps sloughs the chlorion in the Repone K, makes so-called S-based compound fertilizer.The S-based compound fertilizer complicated process of preparation, the production cost height, price is also higher, has increased the agricultural-food production cost.
Yet, chlorine is one of seven kinds of necessary trace elements of plant-growth, the chlorine element can enter vegetable cell by the photosynthesis of involved in plant, play the startup and closure of osmotic pressure and the pore of adjusting vegetable cell, be conducive to moisture and nutrient absorbing, improve its drought-resistant ability, chlorion has effects such as the photosynthesis of promotion and fiber formation, and it is particularly suitable that fibre crops such as crudefiber crop are used; Improve the resistance against diseases of plant, as gaeumannomyces graminis disease, the stripe rust of wheat, the stem wilt of corn etc.Chlorion has restraining effect to the nitrobacteria in the soil, can delay ammonium nitrogen to the conversion rate of nitric nitrogen, run off and denitrification loss thereby effectively reduce nitric nitrogen, and be that the fertilizer efficiency of nitrogenous fertilizer is lasting.Say that again the stabilizing ion in the chlorine crop plants cell has active effect to the balance of storage of ions in the cell and to the absorption of elements such as nitrogen, phosphine, potassium, calcium, magnesium, silicon, is conducive to promote growing of plant stem-leaf.
Chlorine element in compound manure is played a positive role in promoting crop growth, and avoiding its disadvantageous effect to plant growth and edatope again also is that people expect the problem that solves.
At present, high tower prilling slow release long-acting chlorine-based compound fertilizer material is not also seen reported in literature as yet.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to avoid above-mentioned weak point of the prior art; and the had good sustained release effect that provides a kind of and high tower prilling matched with devices to use; fertilizer nutrient utilization ratio height; chlorine element in the compound manure can play one's part to the full in crop growth; technology is simple; production cost is lower, is of value to long-acting chlorine-based compound fertilizer material of high-tower slow-release of soil and atmosphere and water body environment protection and preparation method thereof.
Purpose of the present invention can reach by following measure:
At first prepare high tower prilling urea compound fertilizer granule through the high tower prilling device, then the urea compound fertilizer particle is carried out paraffin and once coat to coat with modified zeolite powder surface secondary and make, wherein:
Described high tower prilling urea compound fertilizer granule is made up of following raw material in parts by weight:
Urea 35~50
Repone K 35~45
Ammonium chloride 15~20
Described paraffin once coats, and the consumption of paraffin is 0.5%~1.2% of high tower prilling urea compound fertilizer granule quality,
Described modified zeolite powder is made up of following raw material by weight percentage:
Zinic stearas 1~5
Zeolite powder 95~99
Its preparation method comprises the steps:
The preparation of step 1. high tower prilling urea compound fertilizer granule
A. urea melting
To drop in the fusion tank according to the urea of drafting the accurate metering of prescription, be heated to 125 ℃~138 ℃, and be equipped with one-level and mix;
B. monoammonium phosphate, Repone K preheating
To drop in the one-level mixing tank according to the Repone K of drafting the accurate metering of prescription, ammonium chloride, be preheated to 40 ℃~60 ℃, standby;
C. low temperature eutectic preparation
The fusing urea for preparing in a step is sent into the one-level mixing tank, after mixing with Repone K, the ammonium chloride of preheating in the b step, drop in the secondary mixing tank, further mix, slip mixing time<4min forms the low temperature eutectic with certain flowing property, and with slurry temperature control at 110 ℃-120 ℃, be equipped with granulation and use;
D. sprinkling pelleting
With the low temperature eutectic for preparing among the step c, by the granulation of high tower prilling system, be cooled under the tower granule materials temperature<65 ℃,
Rotary drum cooling temperature<40 ℃ make high tower prilling urea compound fertilizer granule, are equipped with screening;
E. screening
The high tower prilling urea compound fertilizer granule of steps d preparation after screening, must meet the urine base high tower compound fertilizer material particle of product requirement granularity, is equipped with once to coat, and screenings returns the one-level mixing tank after fragmentation;
Step 2. paraffin once coats
The high tower prilling urea compound fertilizer granule that makes in the step 1 enters coating machine, with melt paraffin the fertiliser granulates surface is coated;
Step 3. modified zeolite powder secondary coats
Through the fertiliser granulates that step 2 once coats, enter in the coating machine, coat with the modified zeolite powder secondary; After the assay was approved, metering, packing namely get high tower prilling slow release long-acting chlorine-based compound fertilizer material of the present invention.
The present invention at first prepares high tower prilling urea compound fertilizer granule through the high tower prilling device, then the urea compound fertilizer particle is carried out paraffin and once coats to coat with modified zeolite powder surface secondary and make.It mainly is the characteristic that can form the suspended solid mixed slurry with the good eutectic of flowing property after utilizing urea melting liquid and calcium sulfate, ammonium sulfate mixing, and pass through prilling spry, mixed slurry is sprayed in the prilling tower, make it in the process of gravity landing, carry out heat exchange with the airflow that rises, cooling curing forms particle, obtains the compound manure that has the pin hole shape that nutrient is evenly distributed.The high tower prilling technology has been simplified the granulation production technique, saves energy consumption for drying, mellow and full, the prevented from caking of particle, and production technique is easy, and useful environment protection can access the high nitrogen that has the pin hole shape, high-concentration compound fertilizer material that nutrient is evenly distributed.
Then the urea compound fertilizer particle being carried out paraffin once coats and the secondary coating of modified zeolite powder surface.Avoided the sulphur film easily broken, and crops such as paddy rice class have easily been produced the murder by poisoning side effect.Coated with resin is expensive and be difficult for drawback in degraded in soil.
It is the urine base high tower compound fertilizer material of nitrogenous source that the present invention adopts with urea; carrying out paraffin once coats with modified zeolite powder surface secondary cladding process simple; cost is lower, is of value to the protection of soil and atmosphere and water body environment, and the high tower prilling slow release long-acting chlorine-based compound fertilizer material slow release effect of preparation is remarkable.Successful solution the chlorine element in compound manure in promoting crop growth, the problem that continues to play a positive role has been avoided its disadvantageous effect to plant growth and edatope.
Purpose of the present invention can also reach by following measure:
High tower prilling slow release long-acting chlorine-based compound fertilizer material of the present invention and preparation method thereof, described raw material technical indicator is as follows:
Urea; Particle diameter is less than 2MM, and liquid two urea content are less than 1.5%, and nitrogen content is greater than 46%
Repone K: particle powdery 40-60 order, K2O content is greater than 50%, and specification of quality reaches agricultural requirement
Ammonium chloride, particle powdery, 40-60 order.The agricultural grade requirement
Zeolite powder: granularity 60-100 order.
High tower prilling slow release long-acting chlorine-based compound fertilizer material of the present invention and preparation method thereof, described high tower prilling urea compound fertilizer granule is made up of following raw material in parts by weight:
Urea 38~45
Repone K 37~42
Ammonium chloride 17~20
Described paraffin once coats, and the consumption of paraffin is 0.6%~1.0% of high tower prilling urea compound fertilizer granule quality,
Described modified zeolite powder is made up of following raw material by weight percentage:
Zinic stearas 3-5
Zeolite powder 95~97.
It is optimized technical scheme.
High tower prilling slow release long-acting chlorine-based compound fertilizer material of the present invention and preparation method thereof, described high tower prilling urea compound fertilizer granule is made up of following raw material in parts by weight:
Urea 40
Repone K 40
Ammonium chloride 20
Described paraffin once coats, and the consumption of paraffin is 1.0% of high tower prilling urea compound fertilizer granule quality,
Described modified zeolite powder is made up of following raw material by weight percentage:
Zinic stearas 5
Zeolite powder 95.
It is the technical scheme of an optimum.
The application of high tower prilling slow release long-acting chlorine-based compound fertilizer material of the present invention; it is characterized in that being applicable to wheat; corn; rice field crop and vegetables and fruit tree are used; the average utilization rate of fertilizer 10%-23% that improves; farm crop are on average improved output 6.5%-13.3%, on average improve output 11%-27.5% for greengrocery.
High tower prilling slow release long-acting chlorine-based compound fertilizer material of the present invention and preparation method thereof disclosed technical scheme has following positively effect compared to existing technology:
1. a kind of had good sustained release effect of using with the high tower prilling matched with devices is provided; fertilizer nutrient utilization ratio height; chlorine element in the compound manure can play one's part to the full in crop growth; technology is simple; production cost is lower, is of value to long-acting chlorine-based compound fertilizer material of high-tower slow-release of soil and atmosphere and water body environment protection and preparation method thereof.
3. the high tower prilling technology has been simplified the granulation production technique, saves energy consumption for drying, mellow and full, the prevented from caking of particle, and production technique is easy, and useful environment protection can access the high nitrogen that has the pin hole shape, high-concentration compound fertilizer material that nutrient is evenly distributed.
4. paraffin, modified zeolite secondary coat, and have avoided the sulphur film easily broken, and crops such as paddy rice class are easily produced the murder by poisoning side effect.Coated with resin is expensive and be difficult for drawback in degraded in soil.
5. high tower prilling slow release long-acting chlorine-based compound fertilizer material of the present invention, manufacturing cost reduces, and compares with sulphur based compound fertilizer, and fertilizer efficiency is better than S-based compound fertilizer, but price is significantly less than sulphur based compound fertilizer.Still all can bring remarkable economic efficiency to the composite fertilizer user to composite fertilizer manufacturing enterprise.
6. be applicable to wheat, corn, rice field crop and vegetables and fruit tree are used, and on average improve utilization rate of fertilizer 10%-23%, and farm crop are on average improved output 6.5%-13.3%, on average improve output 11%-27.5% for greengrocery.
Embodiment
The present invention will now be further detailed embodiment:
Embodiment 1 prepares high tower prilling slow release long-acting chlorine-based compound fertilizer material of the present invention according to following steps
The preparation of step 1. high tower prilling urea compound fertilizer granule
A. urea melting
Accurately take by weighing urea 40 weight parts, drop in the fusion tank, be heated to 125 ℃~138 ℃, be equipped with one-level and mix;
B. Repone K, ammonium chloride preheating
Accurately take by weighing Repone K 40 weight parts, ammonium chloride 20 weight parts, drop in the one-level mixing tank, be preheated to 40 ℃~60 ℃, standby;
C. low temperature eutectic preparation
The fusing urea for preparing in a step is sent into the one-level mixing tank, after mixing with Repone K, the ammonium chloride of preheating in the b step, drop in the secondary mixing tank, further mix, slip mixing time<4min forms the low temperature eutectic with certain flowing property, and with slurry temperature control at 110 ℃-120 ℃, be equipped with granulation and use;
D. sprinkling pelleting
With the low temperature eutectic for preparing among the step c, by the granulation of high tower prilling system, be cooled under the tower granule materials temperature<65 ℃,
Rotary drum cooling temperature<40 ℃ make high tower prilling urea compound fertilizer granule, are equipped with screening;
E. screening
The high tower prilling urea compound fertilizer granule grain of steps d preparation after screening, must meet the high tower prilling urea compound fertilizer granule of product requirement granularity, is equipped with once to coat, and screenings returns the one-level mixing tank after fragmentation;
Step 2. paraffin once coats
The high tower prilling urea compound fertilizer granule that makes in the step 1 enters coating machine, with melt paraffin the fertiliser granulates surface is coated; The consumption of paraffin is 1.0% of high tower compound fertilizer quality;
Step 3. modified zeolite powder secondary coats
Through the fertiliser granulates that step 2 once coats, enter in the coating machine, coat with the modified zeolite powder secondary; Modified zeolite powder is made up of following raw material by weight percentage:
Zinic stearas 5
Zeolite powder 95.
After the assay was approved, metering, packing namely get high tower prilling slow release long-acting chlorine-based compound fertilizer material of the present invention.
Embodiment 2~embodiment 7
According to method and the step of embodiment 1, according to the prescription of table 1, prepare high tower prilling slow release long-acting chlorine-based compound fertilizer material of the present invention
Table 1
Raw material |
Embodiment 2 |
Embodiment 3 |
Embodiment 4 |
Embodiment 5 |
Embodiment 6 |
Embodiment 7 |
Urea |
35 |
48 |
36 |
40 |
44 |
50 |
Repone K |
45 |
37 |
45 |
40 |
40 |
35 |
Ammonium chloride |
20 |
15 |
19 |
20 |
16 |
15 |
Paraffin |
0.5 |
0.6 |
0.8 |
1.2 |
0.9 |
1.0 |
Zinic stearas |
1 |
2 |
3 |
4 |
2 |
5 |
Zeolite powder |
99 |
98 |
97 |
96 |
98 |
95 |
The high tower prilling slow release long-acting chlorine-based compound fertilizer material that embodiment 1~embodiment 7 makes all is applicable to wheat; corn; rice field crop and vegetables and fruit tree are used; the average utilization rate of fertilizer 10%-23% that improves; farm crop are on average improved output 6.5%-13.3%, on average improve output 11%-27.5% for greengrocery.