CN102725457B - 砖 - Google Patents

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Publication number
CN102725457B
CN102725457B CN201080061400.3A CN201080061400A CN102725457B CN 102725457 B CN102725457 B CN 102725457B CN 201080061400 A CN201080061400 A CN 201080061400A CN 102725457 B CN102725457 B CN 102725457B
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brick
standard
thumbhole
width
length
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CN102725457A (zh
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巴里·彼得·摩尔
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/10—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/04—Walls having neither cavities between, nor in, the solid elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/28—Walls having cavities between, but not in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts kept in distance by means of spacers, all parts being solid
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/42—Walls having cavities between, as well as in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts, kept in distance by means of spacers, at least one of the parts having cavities
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2419/00—Buildings or parts thereof
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0256—Special features of building elements
    • E04B2002/0258—Gripping or handling aids
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24273—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including aperture
    • Y10T428/24281—Struck out portion type

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开的砖具有标准高度（A）和标准长度（B），但是增加了宽度（C）。通过提供至少一个拇指孔，优选两个，相对于砖的长度和宽度位于砖的中心这样从砖外表面到远离该外表面的拇指孔的内表面之间的距离（D）等于标准砖的宽度相等。使用这种砖，相对于用标准砖建造的标准空心墙全层高度的单叶墙可以经济的建造而不损失结构稳定性。

Description

砖
技术领域
 本发明涉及一种砖。
背景技术
砖是一种标准的建筑构件。虽然几个世纪以来砖的尺寸各种各样，但是众多建筑的主要构件仍然是简单的直角平行六面体砖。
虽然可以使用“非标准”尺寸的砖，但是最通常的砖砌结构使用的标准建筑转由国家和国际标准规定，特别是英国标准BS3921粘土砖规范和与其相当的欧洲标准BS EN771-1粘土砌块。在每个标准中，标准砖尺寸为长215mm，宽102.5mm并且高65mm。
与这样的标准砖相比较，在某些情况下可以发现非标准尺寸砖的优点。已知的非标准砖，也是标准规范的客体，例如英国标准BS4729特种转的尺寸规范。这个标准，和其它非标准砖，界定了一种所谓的“四分之三长砖”其长为159mm同时保持与标准砖相同的宽度和高度，即，宽102.5mm高65mm。
保持两个标准尺寸很重要，这样模块化建设，即，即使使用两种不同的砖也仍能够由单个模块（在本案中是砖）建造建筑。
发明内容
增加砖的宽度不可避免地增加了砖的重量同时降低可操纵性。根据本发明，提供一种相比标准增加宽度的砖，但是由于在相对其长度的中心位置提供了至少一个拇指孔而保证相同的可操纵性，这样这种砖外表面至拇指孔一侧的距离与标准砖的宽度相等。这样的砖看起来就像具其上具有拇指孔的“一块半砖”。
更进一步，本发明提供一种具有标准长度和高度但是相比标准宽度增加约一半的砖。并且特征在于至少一个拇指孔从砖的主表面上延伸，所述拇指孔相对于砖的长度位于中心而相对于砖的宽度并不位于中心，这样从砖远离所述拇指孔的边到所述拇指孔接近该边的边缘之间的距离与标准砖的宽度相等。
这样的砖能够与标准砖一模一样的方式抓握在手指和拇指之间，只是拿起砖时在拇指远离手指的一侧多一个附加砖块。以这种方式设置的增加宽度的砖，能像普通砖一样简单操纵，即使它稍微沉重一些。对于那些砌砖、抹浆建造墙和其它建筑物的师傅来说砌筑技艺保持一样并且建造效率也相同，由于模块化使得使用本发明砖建造，同样也可以用标准砖建造，即，可以混合使用标准砖和本发明的砖来建造期望的建筑。
优选的所述砖具有两个拇指孔，每个孔位于期望的位置。如果只有一个拇指孔，优选位于接近砖的高完成边而不是低完成边。“高完成”指的是由制砖人设计的（并由良好的砖砌）而能看见。在所谓的贴面砖上，通常完成的两面具有实质差别，并且一些情况下，例如釉面砖，区别非常明显，但是，即使通常大规模制造的砖，两个相对边的表面通常也不是同等质量的（由焙烧前的操作以及焙烧过程中其所处的位置引起）相同的情况也发生在砖的末端。所述拇指孔优选非圆形横截面，具有与砖的长边平行的长尺寸，并且它们优选穿透砖的整个高度（这样当砖“竖直”或“倒置”时能很容易拾起砖）。所述长尺寸不能非常大-足够砖匠能轻易插入拇指，但不会过大使得两个或更多手指能轻易插入即可。一个特定实施例的横截面形状为一边是椭圆形，当拿起砖时拇指接触的与“拇指指纹”相对的边，是平的，该平表面为拇指抓握提供了很好的目标。
已知的具有足够尺寸的能插入拇指的孔的砌块和砖具有各种各样的构造。
例如，DE2315384A和DE2315058A披露了在相对角上具有拇指孔的大尺度的砖。GB895435A披露的砌块具有大量的内空腔以助于抓握。还有一些砖具有大量的孔，例如以减轻重量，例如在WO03/066986和US4095384A中示出的。EP0940513A也披露了一种具有一堆平行的垂直孔的砌块，但是这些都不是设计成拇指孔，而是更倾向于为建筑物提供加强钢筋。
这些方案中没有一个提供一种砖能保持标准砖的易用性和模块化。同时这些方案大多数不能够建造具有标准砖墙外观的墙，而标准砖墙外观是很多建筑构思中很期望的，周知的有时会使用某种类型的转建造墙然后再使用砖给墙做外立面来弥补，有时候甚至减小墙体宽度，从而为期望的传统砖墙外观构造留出空间。
使用本发明的砖能够轻易获得传统外观，特别由于其相对于标准砖的模块化，并且能够使用荷兰式砌合法即使在转角处也毫无困难。使用本发明的砖的另一优点是能够用实墙替代公知的“空心墙”还具有相同的强度但更小的占用空间。使用本发明的砖，单叶墙能够建造高至全层高度而仍具有结构的完整性，并且仅使用一半数量的砖。这省却了插入壁锚的需求，大大减少了建造的用时、以及成本。相等的隔热性能可以通过合适的现代材料内包覆层达到。
本发明的砖可以使用标准砖的生产工艺和标准的制砖材料制造。如果需要的话，也可以合并额外的已知的凹槽或横向通道（以提供一种“空心砖”）或垂直通道以减轻重量并有助于砖的焙烧。
附图说明
根据本发明的一种优选的砖在附图中示出，附图1为砖的透视图。
具体实施方式
参考附图，砖的高度A和长度B为标准尺寸，分别是65mm和102.5mm。而，砖的整体宽度C为159mm。在砖的中央，具有两个拇指孔，每个拇指孔具有非圆形的横截面并且大体上界面呈一边为平的椭圆形。拇指孔在砖的长度方向延伸通常为40-45mm并且横越砖面30-35mm。所述拇指孔位于，从其平的一边，穿过另一个拇指孔，至砖的一边，为标准砖的宽度，即102.5mm，附图中标记为D。这使得所述砖在通常铺砌每一块砖时能易于拿起和操作，加上由于砖向内的面没有任何部分被拇指挡住所以砌砖工人即使需要在砖的一面摸砂浆也根本不需要改变握持的优点。
上面描述的最佳实施例的砖设计用于欧洲和其它适用欧洲标准的区域。然而，本发明也可以用于期望砖遵从其它标准的地方，这些其它标准要求总体上保持“砖形”，也许与欧洲标准中砖的绝对大小不同，或者高度与长度与宽度的比例不同。特别的，这些标准的不同也可能由于在当将砖砌为粘结墙体结构时规定的不同的标准砂浆接缝厚度。
以上所述，仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非用于限定本发明的保护范围。

Claims (4)

1.一种砖，相对于标准砖具有标准的长度和高度，但是宽度增加标准砖宽的约一半，并且其特征在于，在所述砖的主表面上具有至少一个拇指孔，所述拇指孔相对于砖的长度位于中心并且相对砖的宽度并不位于中心，这样从砖远离所述拇指孔的边至所述拇指孔靠近所述边的距离等于标准砖的宽度。
2.根据权利要求1所述的砖，其具有两个所述的拇指孔。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的砖，其中所述拇指孔穿透整个砖的高度。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的砖，其中所述拇指孔的横截面是一边为平的椭圆形。
CN201080061400.3A 2008-08-02 2010-01-15 砖 Active CN102725457B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB0814172A GB2462316A (en) 2008-08-02 2008-08-02 Large sized brick with improved handling
PCT/GB2010/050059 WO2011086341A1 (en) 2008-08-02 2010-01-15 Bricks

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CN102725457A CN102725457A (zh) 2012-10-10
CN102725457B true CN102725457B (zh) 2014-08-27

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CN201080061400.3A Active CN102725457B (zh) 2008-08-02 2010-01-15 砖

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US (1) US20120288668A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP2524089B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN102725457B (zh)
GB (1) GB2462316A (zh)
WO (1) WO2011086341A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2462316A (en) * 2008-08-02 2010-02-03 Barrie Peter Moore Large sized brick with improved handling

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE817950C (de) * 1950-01-31 1951-10-22 Gerold Pfister Grossformatiger Querlochziegel zur Herstellung einsteinstarker Waende
GB895435A (en) * 1960-01-22 1962-05-02 Joseph Burns Improvements relating to building units
DE2315384A1 (de) * 1973-03-28 1974-10-10 Alex Walser Grossformatiger mauerstein
US4095384A (en) * 1976-09-17 1978-06-20 Zarriello Daniel A Building block wall fabricating device
GB2168733A (en) * 1984-12-03 1986-06-25 Peter Kreamer Construction brick
CH687933A5 (de) * 1994-06-28 1997-03-27 Hks Hunziker Kalksandstein Ag Baustein.
CN200989026Y (zh) * 2006-12-29 2007-12-12 江门市中建新型建材有限公司 一种混凝土空心砖
CN201059031Y (zh) * 2007-07-06 2008-05-14 罗直言 适于墙体沟槽预留的砌筑砖

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US2160792A (en) * 1938-03-01 1939-05-30 Speedbrik Corp Building block or brick
DE2315058A1 (de) * 1973-03-26 1974-10-10 Alex Walser Grossformatiger mauerstein
US4193241A (en) * 1977-12-05 1980-03-18 Cooper Ralph F Masonry block insulating device
US4986049A (en) * 1989-11-09 1991-01-22 Thermalock Products, Inc. Insulated building block
US5321926A (en) * 1993-05-24 1994-06-21 Kennedy Francis A Building block
ES2227914T3 (es) * 1998-03-06 2005-04-01 Werner Ing. Vogel Ladrillo de bloque para erigir una obra en seco y obra de mamposteria en seco erigida a partir de estos ladrillos de bloque.
US20020083657A1 (en) * 2001-01-02 2002-07-04 Matt Stone, Inc. Retaining wall masonry block
WO2003066986A1 (en) * 2002-02-06 2003-08-14 Fazlija Adrovic Prefabricated circle element
GB2462316A (en) * 2008-08-02 2010-02-03 Barrie Peter Moore Large sized brick with improved handling

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE817950C (de) * 1950-01-31 1951-10-22 Gerold Pfister Grossformatiger Querlochziegel zur Herstellung einsteinstarker Waende
GB895435A (en) * 1960-01-22 1962-05-02 Joseph Burns Improvements relating to building units
DE2315384A1 (de) * 1973-03-28 1974-10-10 Alex Walser Grossformatiger mauerstein
US4095384A (en) * 1976-09-17 1978-06-20 Zarriello Daniel A Building block wall fabricating device
GB2168733A (en) * 1984-12-03 1986-06-25 Peter Kreamer Construction brick
CH687933A5 (de) * 1994-06-28 1997-03-27 Hks Hunziker Kalksandstein Ag Baustein.
CN200989026Y (zh) * 2006-12-29 2007-12-12 江门市中建新型建材有限公司 一种混凝土空心砖
CN201059031Y (zh) * 2007-07-06 2008-05-14 罗直言 适于墙体沟槽预留的砌筑砖

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Publication number Publication date
CN102725457A (zh) 2012-10-10
GB0814172D0 (en) 2008-09-10
EP2524089B1 (en) 2016-09-14
WO2011086341A1 (en) 2011-07-21
US20120288668A1 (en) 2012-11-15
EP2524089A1 (en) 2012-11-21
GB2462316A (en) 2010-02-03

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