CN102721035A

CN102721035A - Method for lowering 85% (54g/kWh) of standard coal consumption rate for unit plant power generation

Info

Publication number: CN102721035A
Application number: CN2012100400185A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 不公告发明人
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2012-02-22
Filing date: 2012-02-22
Publication date: 2012-10-10

Abstract

The invention provides a method for lowering 85% (54g/kWh) of the standard coal consumption rate for unit plant power generation, belongs to the technical file about a technological innovation in the heat transfer manner of coal-fired power plant boilers as well as industrial and water heating and other coal-fired boilers, and aims to solve the technical problem of lowering 85% (54g/kWh) of the standard coal consumption rate for unit plant power generation. The technical scheme for solving the problem includes points as follows: the hearth semicoked red coke gas is used for conducting heat, the boiler water cold and hot air stream natural convection circulation is combined for exchanging heat, and the open fire flame gas radiation for exchanging heat is replaced. The method is mainly used for saving energy, lowering consumption and reducing emission for coal-fired power plant boilers as well as industrial and water heating and other coal-fired boilers.

Description

Monoblock generating rate of standard coal consumption reduces by 85% (54g/kWh) method

Technical field

The technological innovation of coal-burning boiler heat transfer types such as coal-fired power station boiler and industry, hot water.

Background technology

Heat transfer type in the coal-fired power station boiler burner hearth is at present: carrying out with naked light flame gas-fired radiation heat exchange mode, is through the electromagnetic wave transmission thermal power transfer to be become radiant energy, converts radiant energy to heat energy again.[in naked light flame combustion gas → (radiation heat transfer) → furnace wall in the outer water-cooling wall of upside → (heat conduction) → furnace wall in the upside water-cooling wall → (heat convection) → pot water middle and upper part steam water interface or superheated steam] accounts for the furnace(heat) liberation amount more than 95%.Its defective is:

Coal burning is fast, coal feeding amount is big; The combustion gas velocity of liquid assets is fast, and short time of contact with heating surface, great amount of heat has little time to pass to water-cooling wall and just discharges very soon; Coal dust flies to escape to lose to increase and causes the expense coal, and is prone to upset fire bed, reduces fire box temperature; Receive heat transfer distances to influence that the heat leakage loss is big, heat-transfer intensity temperature weak, that be delivered to heating surface is relatively low ... Promptly the heat of 95% above coal release is exhausted by furnace cavity.

Receive thermal current rising, this free convection circulating phenomenon influence of cold airflow decline; The heating surface of naked light flame gas-fired radiation heat exchange; Be merely and go up high-temperature region heat pot water, steam water interface and the superheated steam more than 90 ℃ Celsius in the side wall in the furnace wall; And drop to the cold pot of the side wall low-temperature space below 40 ℃ Celsius water under the furnace wall, and but can not get being heated, greatly limited the coefficient of heat transfer, steam ascension and boiler thermal output and promoted.

Summary of the invention

With the red coke fire of siege carbonization at low temperature combustion gas heat conduction, in conjunction with free convection cycle heat exchange about the pot water-cooled thermal current, substitute the heat exchange of naked light flame gas-fired radiation, realize that monoblock generating rate of standard coal consumption reduces by 85% (54g/kWh).

Technical scheme

[bottom low-temperature space cold water below 40 ℃ Celsius in the red coke fire of siege carbonization at low temperature combustion gas → (heat conduction) → furnace wall downside pot plate outer wall → (heat conduction) → furnace wall downside pot plate inwall → (heat convection) → pot → interior middle and upper part steam water interface of (hot and cold air is the free convection cycle heat exchange up and down) → pot and superheated steam]

Beans with thick about 2cm covers the burner hearth grate, with burning zone and furnace cavity isolation and the generation of compacting naked light flame, makes aflame year light coal under the relative closure operating mode, and it is fiery that pyrolysis generates the red coke of carbonization at low temperature, and directly contact furnace wall downside pot plate; Add oxygen and aiding combustion through exhaust ventilation; Ionic hydrocarbon is under hot pressing function, and the heat of high temperature more than 2000 ℃ Celsius that continues to discharge can only be with heat-conducting mode; Constantly from fiery side through furnace wall downside pot plate, pass to and have the cold pot of heat absorption capacity ground low-temperature space below 40 ℃ Celsius water; Simultaneously; Utilize thermal current rising, cold airflow decline this free convection cycle heat exchange phenomenon and principle; After furnace wall downside pot inner cold water was heated, the heat convection that uninterruptedly rises, steam heat content increased progressively, superheated steam continues ascension, generate specified pressure, driving steam turbine drives the generator amature generating.

Know-why

1, the red coke of carbonization at low temperature fire caloric value high, have good burning performance, volatile matter low (5%-10%), smokeless, flame is short, temperature is high, slag fluidity is good, burning is effective fully, the strong scope of adaptability is wide

2, the temperature of heating surface is directly touched in the combustion gas of the red coke fire of carbonization at low temperature, is higher than naked light flame gas-fired radiation heating temperature several times, must increase progressively thermal conductivity.

3, being tens hours the burning time of the red coke fire of carbonization at low temperature, is hundreds of thousands of times of naked light flame (number paper money clock was to several minutes), and corresponding throwing coal interval, coal feeding amount, coal consumption significantly fall sharply naturally.

4, the thermal conductivity factor of furnace wall pot plate 20 steel and cold pot water is far longer than the space radiation coefficient of heat transfer, must increase progressively thermal conductivity.

5, experiment proof: cold airflow can not rise, and thermal current can not descend, as long as a pot water water surface temperature reaches and to remain on boiling point Celsius more than 100 ℃, bottom pot water can only be in low-temperature cold water state below 40 ℃ Celsius.The strong temperature difference that it and the combustion gas of the red coke fire of carbonization at low temperature form must increase progressively thermal conductivity.

6, increase the amplitude that steam temperature raises because of the combustion chamber draft ventilation; Increase the amplitude that steam temperature raises greater than the forced draft amount; Medium and small aperture exhaust ventilation; Can ensure that the red coke fire of carbonization at low temperature obtains the combustion-supporting and unlikely generation cinder of oxygen supply fully, can also at utmost reduce cold air and get into burner hearth, stimulate furnace wall pot plate, cause boiler thermal output reduction, evaporation capacity to reduce.

7, evade the thermal discharge that heat consumption rate reduced of naked light flame gas-fired radiation heat exchange more than 95%, must successively decrease correspondingly combustion rate and coal consumption.

8, the red coke fire of carbonization at low temperature receives thermal interface 20 steel pot plates with the furnace wall downside; There is the cold pot of low-temperature space below 40 ℃ Celsius water not stop heat absorption; Under have grieshoch to isolate; The unlikely yield limit that exceeds 20 steel pot plates of thermal stress that thermal shock is produced can be avoided a pot plate, that metal appears in fire grate is overheated, accidents such as intensity reduction, deformation of creep scaling loss.

9, [basis] invention can be cut down part corollary apparatus such as water-cooling wall, burner, economizer, significantly reduces boiler manufacturing cost and utilization energy consumption.

To sum up, monoblock generating rate of standard coal consumption reduction by 85% (54g/kWh) can realize.

Beneficial effect

[basis] invention can significantly improve physical energy (coal) intermediate link conversion (generating, heat production) efficient; Significantly reduce per capita and the per GDP energy consumption; Make some countries and regions alleviate more and more bigger ground resource environment pressure largely, break away from, cause flurried, the flurried equal energy source crisis of electricity of serious restriction economic construction development ground, ground coal because of production capacity enlarges; Public interest is had extremely important meaning, be badly in need of applying.

Specific embodiments

1, grate firing grate stove is implemented the capacity expansion and upgrading transformation, make it reach big capacity, high parameter, subcritical, overcritical, ultra-supercritical boiler technical parameter.

2, substitute chamber burner, cyclone furnace, fluid bed furnace with grate firing grate stove.

3, generate the red coke fire burns of carbonization at low temperature mode to bury fire, substitute grate, fiery chamber, whirlwind, fluidized bed combustion mode.

4, naked light flame generates can ventilate, can suppress again, about 2cm thickness covers whole grates with beans, impels the red coke fire of carbonization at low temperature to generate.

5, the burner hearth grate is dustpan-shaped, low early and high after, middle downside height, the high-temperature fuel gas guiding furnace wall downside pot plate that is beneficial to rise and pot inner cold water.

6, open the exhaust ventilation device, aperture is smooth and easy to ventilate, add oxygen and aiding combustion exceeds, and adjustment in good time fully discharges heat of high temperature with the red coke fire of catalysis carbonization at low temperature.

7, pay close attention to the burner hearth intensity of a fire, find to reveal the scarce coal of fire and in time throw benefit.

Claims

1. [1 of independent claims]: monoblock generating rate of standard coal consumption reduces by 85% (54g/kWh) method.It is characterized in that in conjunction with free convection cycle heat exchange about the pot water-cooled thermal current, substituting the heat exchange of naked light flame gas-fired radiation, may further comprise the steps [7 of dependent claims] with the red coke fire of siege carbonization at low temperature combustion gas heat conduction.

2. grate firing grate stove is implemented the capacity expansion and upgrading transformation, make it reach big capacity, high parameter, subcritical, overcritical, ultra-supercritical boiler technical parameter.

3. substitute chamber burner, cyclone furnace, fluid bed furnace with grate firing grate stove.

4. generate the red coke fire burns of carbonization at low temperature mode to bury fire, substitute grate, fiery chamber, whirlwind, fluidized bed combustion mode.

5. naked light flame generates can ventilate, can suppress again, about 2cm thickness covers whole grates with beans, impels the red coke fire of carbonization at low temperature to generate.

6. the burner hearth grate is dustpan-shaped, low early and high after, middle downside height, the high-temperature fuel gas guiding furnace wall downside pot plate that is beneficial to rise and pot inner cold water.

7. open the exhaust ventilation device, aperture is smooth and easy to ventilate, add oxygen and aiding combustion exceeds, and adjustment in good time fully discharges heat of high temperature with the red coke fire of catalysis carbonization at low temperature.

8. pay close attention to the burner hearth intensity of a fire, find to reveal the scarce coal of fire and in time throw benefit.