CN110388637A - A kind of energy-saving type boiler ultra-low load steady combustion system - Google Patents

A kind of energy-saving type boiler ultra-low load steady combustion system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110388637A
CN110388637A CN201910584293.5A CN201910584293A CN110388637A CN 110388637 A CN110388637 A CN 110388637A CN 201910584293 A CN201910584293 A CN 201910584293A CN 110388637 A CN110388637 A CN 110388637A
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China
Prior art keywords
steam
coal
heater
boiler
heat exchanger
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Pending
Application number
CN201910584293.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
魏增涛
熊显巍
陶丽
李剑宁
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Shanghai Power Equipment Research Institute Co Ltd
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Shanghai Power Equipment Research Institute Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201910584293.5A priority Critical patent/CN110388637A/en
Publication of CN110388637A publication Critical patent/CN110388637A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22STEAM GENERATION
    • F22BMETHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B35/00Control systems for steam boilers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22STEAM GENERATION
    • F22DPREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
    • F22D1/00Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
    • F22D1/50Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters incorporating thermal de-aeration of feed-water
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23KFEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K1/00Preparation of lump or pulverulent fuel in readiness for delivery to combustion apparatus
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23KFEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K3/00Feeding or distributing of lump or pulverulent fuel to combustion apparatus

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of energy-saving type boiler ultra-low load steadies to fire system, including the coal pulverizer and boiler connected by pulverized coal channel, pulverized coal channel between the coal pulverizer and boiler is equipped with vapor heat exchanger, the steam side of vapor heat exchanger is connected by bleed steam pipework with the steam extraction end of steam turbine, through in the pulverized coal channel between the coal pulverizer and boiler, bleed steam pipework is equipped with steam flow control valve for the coal dust side of vapor heat exchanger.It according to the variation of operating condition and needs that the steam flow for entering vapor heat exchanger is adjusted, to meet the needs surely fired.System provided by the invention enters the pulverized coal channel heater of high-efficient spiral type using extracted steam from turbine, to in pulverized coal channel First air and coal dust intermixture heat, it flexibly can need to promote coal powder ignition and after-flame according to fuel combustion, to improve the coal dust adaptability of boiler, substantially increase boiler efficiency, and the kindling of coal dust and after-flame under depth peak regulation operating condition are promoted, steady combustion ability is strong.

Description

A kind of energy-saving type boiler ultra-low load steady combustion system
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of boilers surely to fire system more particularly to a kind of energy-saving type boiler ultra-low load steady combustion system.
Background technique
With further raising up for coal price, the fuel source of China's coal unit is increasingly diversified, and many units are real The coal that border uses all deviates design coal, and the drying, kindling, after-flame of coal dust is caused some problems all occur, especially when setting The boiler that meter uses low moisture coal, which changes, to be burnt high-moisture coal boiler and will appear that drying capacity is insufficient, coal powder ignition is slow, burner hearth is fiery Flame center moves up, and causes the mechanical not exclusively loss of coal dust to increase, influences burner hearth efficiency, when serious, or even can cause horizontal flue Stain slagging and thermal deviation.
With being increasing for China's new energy unit, coal unit will play an active part in peak regulation, when dispatching of power netwoks needs, Depth peak regulation is even participated in, various regions have also put into effect associated depth peak regulation preferential policy according to the actual situation, improved depth tune The economy at peak.The stable combustion problem of boiler is the core and emphasis of concern under underload.It is set when the combustion conditions of boiler are far below When the minimum stable operating load of meter, the temperature of burner hearth can sharply decline, and cause the quick ignition of coal dust to encounter difficulties, Jin Eryin It is poor to send out flame holding, the major safety risks such as is easy to happen flame-out, stove chamber fire-extinguishing, blows out.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is when the combustion conditions of boiler are lower than the minimum stable operating load designed When, how to carry out the steady combustion of boiler.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution of the present invention is to provide a kind of combustions of energy-saving type boiler ultra-low load steady System, including the coal pulverizer and boiler connected by pulverized coal channel, it is characterised in that: the coal dust between the coal pulverizer and boiler Pipeline is equipped with vapor heat exchanger, and the steam side of vapor heat exchanger is connected by bleed steam pipework with the steam extraction end of steam turbine, steam Through in the pulverized coal channel between the coal pulverizer and boiler, bleed steam pipework is equipped with steam flow tune for the coal dust side of heat exchanger Save valve.
Preferably, the vapor heat exchanger includes primary heater, secondary heater and three-level heater, coal pulverizer outlet Pulverized coal channel connect the side-entrance of primary heater coal dust, primary heater coal dust side outlet connect secondary heater coal dust side into Mouthful, secondary heater coal dust side outlet connects the coal dust side-entrance of three-level heater, and three-level heater coal dust side outlet connects boiler;
One steam extraction end of steam turbine connects the side-entrance of primary heater steam, the steaming of primary heater by bleed steam pipework Vapour side outlet connects oxygen-eliminating device;Another steam extraction end of steam turbine by bleed steam pipework connect three-level heater steam side into Mouthful, the steam side outlet of three-level heater connects the steam side-entrance of secondary heater by steam pipework, secondary heater Steam side outlet connects boiler high temperature heater.
It is highly preferred that the primary heater steam side-entrance is equipped with flow control valve.
It is highly preferred that the three-level heater steam side-entrance is equipped with flow control valve.
It is highly preferred that the pipeline that the primary heater steam side outlet is connect with oxygen-eliminating device is equipped with steam converter valve.
It is highly preferred that the pipeline that the secondary heater steam side-entrance is connect with boiler high temperature heater is equipped with desuperheat Pressure reducing valve.
It is highly preferred that the vapor heat exchanger includes shell, housing interior volume is divided into steam by screw type partition Side helical duct and coal dust side helical duct.
Further, the import of the steam side helical duct and the outlet of coal dust side helical duct are located at the same side, institute The import of the outlet and coal dust side helical duct of stating steam side helical duct is located at the same side.
It is highly preferred that according to the variation of operating condition and needing that the steam flow for entering vapor heat exchanger is adjusted;Negative Lotus is more than steam off heat exchanger under the operating condition of given threshold;In load lower than under given threshold or even depth peak regulation operating condition, throw Enter vapor heat exchanger, and flexible modulation enters the steam flow of vapor heat exchanger, to meet the needs surely fired.
System provided by the invention overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art, and the coal of high-efficient spiral type is entered using extracted steam from turbine Tube cell channel heater, in pulverized coal channel First air and coal dust intermixture heat, can be flexibly according to fuel combustion Need to promote coal powder ignition and after-flame, to improve the coal dust adaptability of boiler, substantially increase boiler efficiency, and promote The kindling of coal dust and after-flame under depth peak regulation operating condition, steady combustion ability are strong.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that energy-saving type boiler ultra-low load steady fires system suitable for single channel coal dust heater system schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is suitable for the coal dust heater system that separate unit coal pulverizer connects by energy-saving type boiler ultra-low load steady combustion system Schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is high-efficient spiral type vapor heat exchanger structural schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to specific examples.
The present invention increases vapor heat exchanger in the pulverized coal channel after coal pulverizer, heats to First air and coal dust, The degree of superheat for making full use of high-temperature steam reaches whole heating power Cycle Unit energy-saving effect.After being transformed, heat primary air rate can To be restored to design value, kindling and the after-flame of coal dust can be promoted, while it is steady under depth peak regulation operating condition that boiler can be improved Combustion ability promotes the ability of unit depth peak regulation.
It is illustrated below with reference to several specific embodiments.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, energy-saving type boiler ultra-low load steady combustion system provided in this embodiment is suitable for dry pulverized coal preparation system Single channel coal dust heater system.Three-level vapor heat exchanger is increased in pulverized coal channel between coal pulverizer and boiler, from mill The pulverized coal channel that coal machine comes out enters boiler after being sequentially connected primary heater, secondary heater, three-level heater.
4 take out the steam side-entrance of (No. 4 bleed steam pipeworks) connection primary heater, the steam side outlet connection of primary heater Oxygen-eliminating device.3 take out the steam side-entrance of (No. 3 bleed steam pipeworks) connection three-level heater, and the steam side outlet of three-level heater passes through Steam pipework connects the steam side-entrance of secondary heater, and the steam side outlet of secondary heater connects boiler high temperature heater.
321 DEG C of the steam released from 4, which enters in primary heater, is heated to 95 DEG C from 80 DEG C for coal dust, vapor (steam) temperature From 320 DEG C be down to 220 DEG C after enter oxygen-eliminating device and continue to heat water supply, take out 422 DEG C of the steam come from 3 and enter three-level heater and add It flows away secondary heater after heat primary air and coal dust intermixture to continue to heat coal dust, vapor (steam) temperature is down to 222 DEG C, eventually passes back to pot Furnace three-level high temperature heater (HTH) continues to heat water supply, and First air and coal dust intermixture successively pass through secondary heater, three-level heater, Temperature rises to 120 DEG C or so from 95 DEG C.
For improving heat exchanging efficiency, reduce heat exchanger volume, primary heater, secondary heater, three-level heater and its Connected pulverized coal channel is specifically designed.In the present embodiment, primary heater, secondary heater, three-level heater are used High-efficient spiral type vapor heat exchanger, structure pass through screw type partition for shell as shown in figure 3, including shell inside the shell Inner space is divided into steam side helical duct and coal dust side helical duct, and the import of steam side helical duct and coal dust side spiral are logical The outlet in road is located at the same side, and the outlet of steam side helical duct and the import of coal dust side helical duct are located at the same side.
The benefit of this structure design is: heat transfer temperature difference can be improved in reverse flow, and helical duct can be improved convection current and change Hot coefficient, resultant effect are to improve heat exchange efficiency, few heat exchange area are built, convenient for the arrangement and installation of heater.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Fig. 2, energy-saving type boiler ultra-low load steady combustion system provided in this embodiment is suitable for dry pulverized coal preparation system The coal dust heater system that is connected of separate unit coal pulverizer.It is increased separately in 4 pulverized coal channels between coal pulverizer and boiler Three-level vapor heat exchanger, 4 pulverized coal channels come out from coal pulverizer are sequentially connected primary heater 1/2/3/4, second level heating Boiler is connected after device 1/2/3/4, three-level heater 1/2/3/4.
4 take out the steam side-entrance of (No. 4 bleed steam pipeworks) connection primary heater 1/2/3/4, primary heater 1/2/3/4 Steam side outlet connects oxygen-eliminating device.3 take out the steam side-entrance of (No. 3 bleed steam pipeworks) connection three-level heater 1/2/3/4, and three-level adds The steam side outlet of hot device 1/2/3/4 connects the steam side-entrance of secondary heater 1/2/3/4, second level heating by steam pipework The steam side outlet of device 1/2/3/4 connects boiler high temperature heater.
It is taken out 4 and is equipped with regulating valve 1, the steaming of primary heater 1/2/3/4 on the pipeline connecting with primary heater 1/2/3/4 The pipeline that vapour side outlet is connect with oxygen-eliminating device is equipped with regulating valve 3;It is set on the pipeline that 3 pumpings are connect with three-level heater 1/2/3/4 There is regulating valve 2, the pipeline that the steam side outlet of secondary heater 1/2/3/4 is connect with boiler high temperature heater is equipped with regulating valve 4。
4 pulverized coal channels come out from coal pulverizer, respectively enter primary heater 1/2/3/4, secondary heater 1/2/3/ 4, boiler is entered after three-level heater 1/2/3/4.The steam for taking out (No. 4 bleed steam pipeworks) from 4 divides after main pipe and regulating valve Not Jin Ru primary heater 1/2/3/4, afterwards enter oxygen-eliminating device.The steam for taking out (No. 3 bleed steam pipeworks) from 3 passes through main pipe and adjusting Three-level heater 1/2/3/4, secondary heater 1/2/3/4 are respectively enterd after valve, are entered three-level high temperature heater (HTH) afterwards and are continued to heat Water supply.
4 take out, have been equipped with regulating valve 1 and regulating valve 2 on 3 steam pumping pipelines, can variation according to operating condition and needs The steam for entering heater is adjusted, under high load capacity operating condition, three heaters can be closed, in underload or even depth Under peak regulation operating condition, three heaters can be put into, and can flexibly adjust the steam flow into three heaters, thus Meet the needs surely fired.
The above, only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to the present invention in any form with substantial limitation, It should be pointed out that under the premise of not departing from the method for the present invention, can also be made for those skilled in the art Several improvement and supplement, these are improved and supplement also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.All those skilled in the art, Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, when made using disclosed above technology contents it is a little more Dynamic, modification and the equivalent variations developed, are equivalent embodiment of the invention;Meanwhile all substantial technologicals pair according to the present invention The variation, modification and evolution of any equivalent variations made by above-described embodiment, still fall within the range of technical solution of the present invention It is interior.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of energy-saving type boiler ultra-low load steady fires system, special including the coal pulverizer and boiler connected by pulverized coal channel Sign is: the pulverized coal channel between the coal pulverizer and boiler is equipped with vapor heat exchanger, and the steam side of vapor heat exchanger passes through Bleed steam pipework is connected with the steam extraction end of steam turbine, and the coal dust side of vapor heat exchanger is through the coal between the coal pulverizer and boiler In powder pipeline, bleed steam pipework is equipped with steam flow control valve.
2. a kind of energy-saving type boiler ultra-low load steady as described in claim 1 fires system, it is characterised in that: the steam heat-exchanging Device includes primary heater, secondary heater and three-level heater, and the pulverized coal channel of coal pulverizer outlet connects primary heater coal Powder side-entrance, primary heater coal dust side outlet connect the side-entrance of secondary heater coal dust, and secondary heater coal dust side outlet connects Three-level heater coal dust side-entrance is connect, three-level heater coal dust side outlet connects boiler;
One steam extraction end of steam turbine connects the side-entrance of primary heater steam, the steam side of primary heater by bleed steam pipework Outlet connection oxygen-eliminating device;Another steam extraction end of steam turbine by bleed steam pipework connect three-level heater steam side-entrance, three The steam side outlet of grade heater connects the steam side-entrance of secondary heater, the steam side of secondary heater by steam pipework Outlet connection boiler high temperature heater.
3. a kind of energy-saving type boiler ultra-low load steady as claimed in claim 2 fires system, it is characterised in that: the level-one heating Device steam side-entrance is equipped with flow control valve.
4. a kind of energy-saving type boiler ultra-low load steady as claimed in claim 2 fires system, it is characterised in that: the three-level heating Device steam side-entrance is equipped with flow control valve.
5. a kind of energy-saving type boiler ultra-low load steady as claimed in claim 2 fires system, it is characterised in that: the level-one heating The pipeline that device steam side outlet is connect with oxygen-eliminating device is equipped with steam converter valve.
6. a kind of energy-saving type boiler ultra-low load steady as claimed in claim 2 fires system, it is characterised in that: the second level heating The pipeline that the side-entrance of device steam is connect with boiler high temperature heater is equipped with steam converter valve.
7. a kind of energy-saving type boiler ultra-low load steady as described in claim 1 fires system, it is characterised in that: the steam heat-exchanging Device includes shell, and housing interior volume is divided into steam side helical duct and coal dust side helical duct by screw type partition.
8. a kind of energy-saving type boiler ultra-low load steady as claimed in claim 7 fires system, it is characterised in that: the steam side spiral shell The outlet of the import and coal dust side helical duct of revolving channel is located at the same side, the outlet and coal dust side of the steam side helical duct The import of helical duct is located at the same side.
9. a kind of energy-saving type boiler ultra-low load steady as described in claim 1 fires system, it is characterised in that: according to the change of operating condition Change and needs that the steam flow for entering vapor heat exchanger is adjusted;In the case where load is more than the operating condition of given threshold, closes and steam Vapour heat exchanger;In load lower than under given threshold or even depth peak regulation operating condition, vapor heat exchanger is put into, and flexible modulation enters steaming The steam flow of vapour heat exchanger, to meet the needs surely fired.
CN201910584293.5A 2019-07-01 2019-07-01 A kind of energy-saving type boiler ultra-low load steady combustion system Pending CN110388637A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111121078A (en) * 2019-12-26 2020-05-08 天津大学 Waste heat recovery utilizes system for soil thermal remediation
CN114909647A (en) * 2022-05-07 2022-08-16 西安交通大学 Cogeneration unit and method for low-load stable combustion and thermoelectric deep decoupling
CN115013097A (en) * 2022-05-27 2022-09-06 华电郑州机械设计研究院有限公司 Large unit peak shaving system capable of flexibly performing peak shaving operation and operation mode

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB858876A (en) * 1958-08-28 1961-01-18 Frank Wykes Improvements in and relating to liquid fuel burners and vaporisers therefor
CN206160180U (en) * 2016-11-15 2017-05-10 陈一派 Energy transposition cascade utilization explosion -proof type wind powder heating system
CN108167037A (en) * 2013-08-16 2018-06-15 冯伟忠 A kind of method widened extracted steam from turbine and utilized
CN208652609U (en) * 2018-07-05 2019-03-26 北京蓝爱迪电力技术有限公司 A kind of boiler coal dust burning heating equipment
CN210772097U (en) * 2019-07-01 2020-06-16 上海发电设备成套设计研究院有限责任公司 Ultralow-load stable combustion system of energy-saving boiler

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB858876A (en) * 1958-08-28 1961-01-18 Frank Wykes Improvements in and relating to liquid fuel burners and vaporisers therefor
CN108167037A (en) * 2013-08-16 2018-06-15 冯伟忠 A kind of method widened extracted steam from turbine and utilized
CN206160180U (en) * 2016-11-15 2017-05-10 陈一派 Energy transposition cascade utilization explosion -proof type wind powder heating system
CN208652609U (en) * 2018-07-05 2019-03-26 北京蓝爱迪电力技术有限公司 A kind of boiler coal dust burning heating equipment
CN210772097U (en) * 2019-07-01 2020-06-16 上海发电设备成套设计研究院有限责任公司 Ultralow-load stable combustion system of energy-saving boiler

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111121078A (en) * 2019-12-26 2020-05-08 天津大学 Waste heat recovery utilizes system for soil thermal remediation
CN111121078B (en) * 2019-12-26 2020-12-01 天津大学 Waste heat recovery utilizes system for soil thermal remediation
CN114909647A (en) * 2022-05-07 2022-08-16 西安交通大学 Cogeneration unit and method for low-load stable combustion and thermoelectric deep decoupling
CN115013097A (en) * 2022-05-27 2022-09-06 华电郑州机械设计研究院有限公司 Large unit peak shaving system capable of flexibly performing peak shaving operation and operation mode

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