CN102718816A - 4''-O-(反式-β-芳基烯丙酰胺)氨基甲酰基阿奇霉素衍生物 - Google Patents

4''-O-(反式-β-芳基烯丙酰胺)氨基甲酰基阿奇霉素衍生物 Download PDF

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CN102718816A
CN102718816A CN2012102404890A CN201210240489A CN102718816A CN 102718816 A CN102718816 A CN 102718816A CN 2012102404890 A CN2012102404890 A CN 2012102404890A CN 201210240489 A CN201210240489 A CN 201210240489A CN 102718816 A CN102718816 A CN 102718816A
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CN102718816B (zh
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马淑涛
马晓东
李新
马思提
丛超
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Shandong University
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Abstract

本发明公开了一类具有多级抗菌机制的4"-O-(反式-β-芳基烯丙酰胺)氨基甲酰基阿奇霉素衍生物,具有通式(I)或(II)的结构:抗菌活性的测定结果表明:目标化合物对各种类型的耐药菌均表现出明显增强的活性。C-4"侧链末端分别为2-呋喃基团和2-噻吩基团时对于化合物的抗敏感化脓性链球菌和mefA型耐药肺炎链球菌的活性最为有利;C-11侧链为对甲氧基苄基氨基甲酸酯时对于化合物的抗耐药菌活性最为有利;具有三级抗菌机制的4"-O-(反式-β-芳基烯丙酰胺)氨基甲酰基-11-O-芳基氨甲酰基阿奇霉素衍生物的抗菌活性优于相应的具有二级抗菌机制的4"-O-(反式-β-芳基烯丙酰胺)氨基甲酰基-阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯衍生物。

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4''-O-(反式-β-芳基烯丙酰胺)氨基甲酰基阿奇霉素衍生物
技术领域
本发明涉及一类具有多级抗菌机制的4"-O-(反式-β-芳基烯丙酰胺)氨基甲酰基阿奇霉素衍生物。 
背景技术
大环内酯类抗生素作为一类天然和半合成的抗生素,不仅疗效确切,而且在临床用药时极少出现青霉素类药物的过敏性反应,因而在呼吸道和软组织感染性疾病的治疗中具有十分重要的地位。上世纪80、90年代,为改善红霉素A(erythromycin A,EMA)的药代动力学,研究工作者通过与EMA酸降解密切相关位点(C-6、C-8、C-9、C-11、C-12)的结构修饰开发了克拉霉素、氟红霉素、罗红霉素、阿奇霉素(azithromycin,AZM)和地红霉素等第二代大环内酯类抗生素。其中,AZM的抗革兰氏阴性菌活性最强,且药代动力学性质最突出:口服吸收好、生物膜穿透性强、体内分布广、组织浓度高、消除半衰期长。然而近年来,由于抗生素的滥用,细菌的耐药现象空前泛滥。耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌、万古霉素耐药肠球菌、多药耐药肺炎链球菌、多重抗药性结核杆菌的传播严重制约了细菌感染性疾病临床治疗方案的选择,对于免疫功能缺陷患者,甚至可能导致治疗的失败。因此,新型抗耐药菌抗生素的发现是当今新药研究、开发领域的热点。 
目前,寻找大环内酯类抗生素的新结合位点、基于新结合位点进行大环内酯母核的结构修饰是新型大环内酯类抗生素研究、开发的主要思路,围绕这一思路进行的新药研究不乏显著的成果。在酮内酯类化合物中,泰利霉素已上市,喹红霉素在欧洲和美国已处于III期临床研究阶段;在桥环内酯衍生物中,EDP-420已处于II期临床研究阶段。作用机制表明,它们可通过与环氨甲酸酯结构的氮原子和C-6,11-O桥连接的芳杂环与23SrRNA II区35发夹结构的A752结合位点的二级作用产生抗耐药菌活性。然而,与AZM相比,泰利霉素、喹红霉素和EDP-420均未呈现更强的抗革兰氏阴性菌活性,且对组成型大环内酯-林可酰胺-链阳菌素B(cMLSB)耐药菌活性较差。 
本课题组长期致力于大环内酯4"-芳烷基氨基甲酸酯临床候选药物的研究与开发。研究表明:该类衍生物可通过C-3克拉定糖的4"-氨基甲酸酯侧链结构与氯霉素结合区域,即肽酰转移酶活性中心(PTC)区域的二级作用获得抗耐药菌,特别是抗大环内酯-林可酰胺-链阳菌素B(MLSB)耐药菌活性。目前,已报道的大环内酯4"-芳烷基氨基甲酸酯衍生物(见美国专利US6025350、US20080249033;世界专利WO2004101589、WO2005108413、WO2006050941、WO2006050942、WO2006050943、WO2008014221;中国专利:CN1980945等)在抗耐药菌方面均有较好表现。因而,针对PTC区域设计新型大环内酯类抗生素以解决临床上日益泛滥的细菌耐药性具有良好的前景。 
本课题组以往的研究表明:4"-芳烷基氨甲酸酯衍生物的抗耐药菌活性与C-4"氧原子至C-4"侧链末端芳香基团之间的原子数目有关,当两者之间的原子数目为6时可能有利于末端的芳香基团与PTC区域的二级作用;适当增加C-4"侧链酰胺基团的数目可通过影响化合物与作用位点的氢键结合而增强这类衍生物的抗菌活性。此外,由于AZM在上市大环内酯药物中抗革兰氏阴性菌活性最强且药代动力学性质最突出,本申请中,我们以AZM为母核设计合成了A系列4"-O-(反式-β-芳基烯丙酰胺)氨基甲酰基-阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯衍生物。这类衍生物与AZM相比具有二级作用机制,它们不仅具有上述可赋予化合物优良抗菌活性的结构特征,而且其C-4"侧链为相对刚性的结构,这有利于增强该结构片段与PTC区域的二级作用。A系列化合物体外抗菌活性的测定结果表明:C-4"侧链的引入可以显著增强AZM的抗耐药菌活性。 
随后,我们从A系列化合物中选取抗耐药菌活性较好的化合物对其进行进一步的结构改造,得到B–E系列C-4"、11位修饰的AZM衍生物。这类衍生物在C-4"结构片段作用于PTC 区域的同时,11-芳烷基氨甲酸酯侧链可与II区A752位点结合,具有三级作用机制,因而可以获得更强的抗菌活性。这类C-4"、11位修饰衍生物体外抗菌活性的测定结果表明,与A系列化合物相比,C-11侧链的引入可以显著增强化合物的抗敏感菌和耐药菌活性。在此基础上,我们进一步探索了不同的C-4"侧链的末端基团和11-芳烷基氨甲酸酯侧链对于化合物抗菌活性的影响,找到了化合物抗敏感化脓性链球菌和mefA型耐药肺炎链球菌活性的最优C-4"侧链末端基团,并在4种C-11侧链中找到了最优化的侧链结构。 
在A–E系列衍生物中,大多数化合物对于mefA型外排泵耐药肺炎链球菌的活性较突出(MIC在0.015、0.5μg/mL之间),活性最好的化合物(MIC=0.015μg/mL)分别是EMA、AZM抗菌活性的512和256倍;某些化合物不仅呈现出显著的抗ermB即MLSB型耐药肺炎链球菌活性(MIC=0.25或0.5μg/mL)—是EMA、AZM抗菌活性的256–512倍,而且对于ermB+mefA型耐药肺炎链球菌的抗菌活性是EMA、AZM抗菌活性的256倍。因而通过C-4"、11两个位点的结构改造赋予化合物多级抗菌机制,有望获得抗耐药菌活性更为显著的大环内酯先导物。 
发明内容
针对上述现有技术,本发明提供了一类具有多级抗菌机制的4"-O-(反式-β-芳基烯丙酰胺)氨基甲酰基阿奇霉素衍生物,及其制备方法。 
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的: 
4"-O-(反式-β-芳基烯丙酰胺)氨基甲酰基阿奇霉素衍生物,具有通式(I)或(II)的结构: 
Figure BDA00001873309500021
其中,R1代表氢、乙酰基或苯甲酰基;R2代表苯基、取代苯基或芳杂环;R3代表苄基、取代苄基、β-苯乙基或取代β-苯乙基。 
优选的,所述R2代表苯基、2-呋喃基、2-噻吩基、4-氟苯基、2-氟苯基、4-氯苯基、4-溴苯基、4-氰基苯基、4-硝基苯基、2-甲氧基苯基、3,4-二甲氧基苯基或3,4,5-三甲氧基苯基;R3代表苄基、4-甲氧基苄基、β-苯乙基或4-甲氧基。 
优选的,上述化合物(I)是下列之一: 
A1)4"-O-(反式-β-苯基烯丙酰胺)氨基甲酰基阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯; 
A2)4"-O-[反式-β-(2-呋喃)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯; 
A3)4"-O-[反式-β-(2-噻吩)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯; 
A4)4"-O-[反式-β-(4-氟苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯; 
A5)4"-O-[反式-β-(2-氟苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯; 
A6)4"-O-[反式-β-(4-氯苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯; 
A7)4"-O-[反式-β-(4-溴苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯; 
A8)4"-O-[反式-β-(4-氰基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯; 
A9)4"-O-[反式-β-(4-硝基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯; 
A10)4"-O-[反式-β-(2-甲氧基苯基)烯丙酰胺]氨基甲酰基-阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯; 
A11)4"-O-[反式-β-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)烯丙酰胺]氨基甲酰基-阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯; 
A12)4"-O-[反式-β-(3,4,5-三甲氧基苯基)烯丙酰胺]氨基甲酰基-阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯。 
优选的,上述化合物(II)是下列之一: 
B1)4"-O-(反式-β-苯基烯丙酰胺氨甲酰基)-11-O-苄基氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
B2)4"-O-[反式-β-(2-呋喃)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-苄基氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
B3)4"-O-[反式-β-(2-噻吩)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-苄基氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
B4)4"-O-[反式-β-(4-氯苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-苄基氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
B5)4"-O-[反式-β-(4-溴苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-苄基氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
B6)4"-O-[反式-β-(4-硝基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-苄基氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
B7)4"-O-[反式-β-(2-甲氧基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-苄基氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
B8)4"-O-[反式-β-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-苄基氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
B9)4"-O-[反式-β-(3,4,5-三甲氧基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-苄基氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
C1)4"-O-(反式-β-苯基烯丙酰胺氨甲酰基)-11-O-(β-苯乙基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
C2)4"-O-[反式-β-(2-呋喃)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(β-苯乙基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
C3)4"-O-[反式-β-(2-噻吩)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(β-苯乙基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
C4)4"-O-[反式-β-(4-氯苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(β-苯乙基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
C5)4"-O-[反式-β-(4-溴苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(β-苯乙基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
C6)4"-O-[反式-β-(4-硝基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(β-苯乙基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
C7)4"-O-[反式-β-(2-甲氧基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(β-苯乙基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
C8)4"-O-[反式-β-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(β-苯乙基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
D1)4"-O-(反式-β-苯基烯丙酰胺氨甲酰基)-11-O-(4-甲氧基苄基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
D2)4"-O-[反式-β-(2-呋喃)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(4-甲氧基苄基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
D3)4"-O-[反式-β-(2-噻吩)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(4-甲氧基苄基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
D4)4"-O-[反式-β-(4-氯苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(4-甲氧基苄基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
D5)4"-O-[反式-β-(4-溴苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(4-甲氧基苄基)氨甲酰基 阿奇霉素; 
D6)4"-O-[反式-β-(4-硝基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(4-甲氧基苄基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
D7)4"-O-[反式-β-(2-甲氧基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(4-甲氧基苄基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
D8)4"-O-[反式-β-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(4-甲氧基苄基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
E1)4"-O-(反式-β-苯基烯丙酰胺氨甲酰基)-11-O-[4-甲氧基(β-苯乙基)]氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
E2)4"-O-[反式-β-(2-呋喃)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-[4-甲氧基(β-苯乙基)]氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
E3)4"-O-[反式-β-(2-噻吩)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-[4-甲氧基(β-苯乙基)]氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
E4)4"-O-[反式-β-(4-氯苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-[4-甲氧基(β-苯乙基)]氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
E5)4"-O-[反式-β-(4-溴苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-[4-甲氧基(β-苯乙基)]氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
E6)4"-O-[反式-β-(4-硝基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-[4-甲氧基(β-苯乙基)]氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
E7)4"-O-[反式-β-(2-甲氧基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-[4-甲氧基(β-苯乙基)]氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
E8)4"-O-[反式-β-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-[4-甲氧基(β-苯乙基)]氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
E9)4"-O-[反式-β-(3,4,5-三甲氧基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-[4-甲氧基(β-苯乙基)]氨甲酰基阿奇霉素。 
所述的具有通式I的4"-O-(反式-β-芳基烯丙酰胺)氨基甲酰基阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯衍生物的制备方法(合成路线见图1),步骤如下: 
(1)对阿奇霉素的C-2'位上的羟基进行酰化保护:在无机或有机碱类存在下,以丙酮、乙酸乙酯、四氢呋喃或二氯甲烷作为溶剂,加入酰化试剂,在0~40℃的温度下反应3~24h,生成具有通式2的化合物; 
(2)将通式2的化合物在惰性溶剂中,在无机或有机碱存在下,与N,N′-羰基二咪唑(CDI)于0~110℃反应2~96h,生成具有通式3的化合物,通式2的化合物与CDI的摩尔比为1:1~1:6; 
(3)将得到的通式3的化合物与水合肼在适量溶剂下于0~65℃反应0~6h,生成通式4的化合物; 
(4)将反式R2-β-芳基烯丙酸加少量催化剂在四氢呋喃(反应物与四氢呋喃的用量比为1mmol:6mL~1mmol:10mL)中于-30~15℃逐滴加入适量草酰氯,滴加完毕后继续反应10~150min,生成相应的酰氯; 
(5)将通式4的化合物和适量的无机碱用适量溶剂溶解后,于-40~45℃逐滴加入用四氢呋喃溶解(酰氯与四氢呋喃的用量比为1mmol:3.5mL~1mmol:7mL)的酰氯;滴加完毕后继续在相同温度下反应1~8h,通过蒸出溶剂、碱洗、萃取并分离有机层处理反应;将处理后得到的无色至淡黄色残留固体用低级醇溶解,于20~75℃反应4~25h得通式I的衍生物,通过硅胶柱层析可对其进行纯化。 
上述步骤(1)中,无机或有机碱选自碳酸氢钠、碳酸钠、碳酸钾、三乙胺、吡啶或4-二甲氨基吡啶,优选三乙胺;无机或有机碱与阿奇霉素的摩尔比优选4:1。 
上述步骤(1)中,优选的溶剂是二氯甲烷,阿奇霉素与溶剂的摩尔体积比例优选1mmol:10mL。 
上述步骤(1)中,酰化试剂选自醋酐、醋酸,乙酰氯,苯甲酸酐、苯甲酸或苯甲酰氯,优选醋酐,酰化试剂与阿奇霉素的摩尔比为1:1~5:1,优选2:1。 
上述步骤(1)中,优选在室温条件下反应24h。 
上述步骤(1)中,反应结束之后,对反应体系进行如下处理:在碱介质(如无机碱水溶液)中,在pH8.0~10.0下萃取,通过分离有机层并蒸干溶剂来分离得到产物;或者萃取之后,再通过丙酮-水(丙酮和水的体积比为2:1)重结晶或使用体积比为15:1的二氯甲烷-甲醇系统的硅胶柱层析进行纯化,可产生纯度达95%以上的具有Rf值为0.40(二氯甲烷:甲醇=10:1)的通式2的化合物。 
上述步骤(2)中,惰性溶剂优选甲苯。 
上述步骤(2)中,无机或有机碱选自碳酸氢钠、碳酸钠、碳酸钾、三乙胺、吡啶或4-二甲氨基吡啶,优选三乙胺;无机或有机碱与通式2的化合物的摩尔比优选4:1。 
上述步骤(2)中,通式2的化合物与N,N′-羰基二咪唑(CDI)的摩尔比优选1:4。 
上述步骤(2)中,优选在55℃条件下反应72h,可产生90%以上的通式3的化合物。 
上述步骤(2)中,反应结束之后,对反应体系进行如下处理:通过丙酮-水(丙酮和水的体积比为2:1)重结晶或使用体积比为15:1的二氯甲烷-甲醇系统的硅胶柱层析进行纯化,可以产生纯度90%以上的Rf值为0.70(二氯甲烷:甲醇=10:1)的通式3的化合物。 
上述步骤(3)中,溶剂为N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)、四氢呋喃、乙腈、或乙腈-水,优选DMF;通式3的化合物与水合肼的摩尔比优选1:1.5;通式3的化合物与反应溶剂DMF的用量比优选1mmol:6mL;优选在室温条件下反应0.5h。 
上述步骤(4)中,催化剂优选DMF;反式R2-β-芳基烯丙酸与草酰氯的摩尔比优选1:3;该反应优选在0℃下进行0.5h。 
上述步骤(4)中,R2代表苯基、取代苯基或芳杂环,优选:苯基、2-呋喃基、2-噻吩基、4-氟苯基、2-氟苯基、4-氯苯基、4-溴苯基、4-氰基苯基、4-硝基苯基、2-甲氧基苯基、3,4-二甲氧基苯基或3,4,5-三甲氧基苯基。 
上述步骤(5)中,无机碱优选碳酸氢钠,通式4的化合物优选在0℃下与酰氯反应2h;处理反应后得到的无色至淡黄色残留固体优选用甲醇溶解,优选在55℃下搅拌反应12h;优选的硅胶柱层析的洗脱剂为体积比为30:1的二氯甲烷-甲醇系统。 
所述的具有通式II的4"-O-(反式-β-芳基烯丙酰胺)氨基甲酰基-11-O-芳基氨甲酰基阿奇霉素衍生物的制备方法(合成路线见图2),步骤如下: 
将上述制备得到的具有通式I的衍生物采用适量相应的芳香伯胺溶解,在有机碱的催化作用下在0~60℃的温度下反应24~120h,生成具有通式II的衍生物。 
上述步骤中,具有通式I的衍生物与芳香伯胺的用量比优选1mmol:4mL;反应催化剂有机碱优选吡啶盐酸盐,具有通式I的衍生物与吡啶盐酸盐的摩尔用量比优选1:3。 
上述步骤中,所述芳香伯胺的结构式为:R3-NH2,其中,R3代表苄基、取代苄基、β-苯乙基或取代β-苯乙基,优选:苄基、4-甲氧基苄基、β-苯乙基或4-甲氧基。 
进一步地,上述步骤反应之后进行如下处理:分别向反应体系中加入10~50mLEtOAc、饱和NaH2PO4溶液,通过分离有机层并蒸干溶剂得到粗产品,再进行硅胶柱层析,得到纯化的具有通式II的衍生物。 
优选的,通式I的衍生物与饱和NaH2PO4溶液的用量比为1mmol:20mL。 
优选的,硅胶柱层析的洗脱剂为体积比为20:1的二氯甲烷-甲醇系统。 
本发明涉及的4"-O-(反式-β-芳基烯丙酰胺)氨基甲酰基阿奇霉素衍生物的C-4"氧原子至C-4"侧链末端芳香基团之间的原子数目为6,含有两个酰胺基团,且C-4"侧链为相对刚性的结构片段。与国内外报道的4"-芳烷基氨甲酸酯衍生物,尤其是C-4"侧链仅含有单酰胺键的衍生物相比,这些结构特征均有利于增强其与耐药菌核糖体PTC区域结合。其中,两个酰胺基团可通过氢键作用与PTC区域结合,末端的芳香基团可通过π-π和疏水堆积作用与PTC区域结合。为了探索不同的C-4"侧链末端芳香基团和C-11侧链结构对抗菌活性的影响,我们所引入的芳香基团包括含有吸电子基团取代的苯环、含有供电子基团取代的苯环和芳杂环,所引入的C-11侧链结构包括苄基氨基甲酸酯、对甲氧基苄基氨基甲酸酯、(β-苯乙基)氨基甲酸酯和4-甲氧基(β-苯乙基)氨基甲酸酯。抗菌活性的测定结果表明:C-4"侧链末端分别为2-呋喃基团和2-噻吩基团时对于化合物的抗敏感化脓性链球菌和mefA型耐药肺炎链球菌的活性最为有利;C-11侧链为对甲氧基苄基氨基甲酸酯时对于化合物的抗耐药菌活性最为有利;具有三级抗菌机制的4"-O-(反式-β-芳基烯丙酰胺)氨基甲酰基-11-O-芳基氨甲酰基阿奇霉素衍生物的抗菌活性优于相应的具有二级抗菌机制的4"-O-(反式-β-芳基烯丙酰胺)氨基甲酰基-阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯衍生物。 
1)对于ermB型耐药肺炎链球菌活性最好的化合物(MIC=0.25μg/mL)是对照药物EMA和AZM抗菌活性的512倍; 
2)对于mefA型耐药肺炎链球菌活性最好的化合物(MIC=0.015μg/mL)分别是对照药物EMA和AZM抗菌活性的的512、256倍; 
3)对于erm+mef型耐药肺炎链球菌活性最好的化合物(MIC=1μg/mL)是对照药物EMA和AZM抗菌活性的256倍。 
4"-O-(反式-β-芳基烯丙酰胺)氨基甲酰基阿奇霉素衍生物的抗菌活性 
4"-O-(反式-β-芳基烯丙酰胺)氨基甲酰基阿奇霉素衍生物主要用于细菌感染性疾病的治疗。 
采用试管二倍稀释法测定了这些衍生物对敏感金黄色葡萄球菌(S.aureusATCC25923)、青霉素耐药金黄色葡萄球菌(S.aureus)、耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(S.aureusATCC29213)、敏感肺炎链球菌(S.pneumoniae ATCC49619)、ermB型耐药肺炎链球菌(S.pneumoniaeB1)、mefA型耐药肺炎链球菌(S.pneumoniae A22072)、ermB+mefA型耐药肺炎链球菌(S.pneumoniae AB11)、敏感化脓性链球菌(S.pyogenes S2)及耐药化脓性链球菌(S.pyogenes R2)的体外抗菌活性。测定结果见表1–2: 
表1  4"-O-(反式-β-芳基烯丙酰胺)氨基甲酰基阿奇霉素衍生物与对照大环内酯抗生素的抗敏感菌的MIC 
Figure BDA00001873309500061
Figure BDA00001873309500071
Figure BDA00001873309500081
表2  4"-O-(反式-β-芳基烯丙酰胺)氨基甲酰基阿奇霉素衍生物与对照大环内酯抗生素的抗耐药菌的MIC值 
Figure BDA00001873309500082
Figure BDA00001873309500091
其中,A1–A12、B1–B9、C1–C8、D1–D8和E1–E9依次代表的化合物: 
A1)4"-O-(反式-β-苯基烯丙酰胺)氨基甲酰基阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯; 
A2)4"-O-[反式-β-(2-呋喃)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯; 
A3)4"-O-[反式-β-(2-噻吩)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯; 
A4)4"-O-[反式-β-(4-氟苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯; 
A5)4"-O-[反式-β-(2-氟苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯; 
A6)4"-O-[反式-β-(4-氯苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯; 
A7)4"-O-[反式-β-(4-溴苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯; 
A8)4"-O-[反式-β-(4-氰基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯; 
A9)4"-O-[反式-β-(4-硝基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯; 
A10)4"-O-[反式-β-(2-甲氧基苯基)烯丙酰胺]氨基甲酰基-阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯; 
A11)4"-O-[反式-β-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)烯丙酰胺]氨基甲酰基-阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯; 
A12)4"-O-[反式-β-(3,4,5-三甲氧基苯基)烯丙酰胺]氨基甲酰基-阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯; 
B1)4"-O-(反式-β-苯基烯丙酰胺氨甲酰基)-11-O-苄基氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
B2)4"-O-[反式-β-(2-呋喃)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-苄基氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
B3)4"-O-[反式-β-(2-噻吩)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-苄基氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
B4)4"-O-[反式-β-(4-氯苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-苄基氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
B5)4"-O-[反式-β-(4-溴苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-苄基氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
B6)4"-O-[反式-β-(4-硝基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-苄基氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
B7)4"-O-[反式-β-(2-甲氧基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-苄基氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
B8)4"-O-[反式-β-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-苄基氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
B9)4"-O-[反式-β-(3,4,5-三甲氧基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-苄基氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
C1)4"-O-(反式-β-苯基烯丙酰胺氨甲酰基)-11-O-(β-苯乙基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
C2)4"-O-[反式-β-(2-呋喃)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(β-苯乙基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
C3)4"-O-[反式-β-(2-噻吩)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(β-苯乙基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
C4)4"-O-[反式-β-(4-氯苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(β-苯乙基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
C5)4"-O-[反式-β-(4-溴苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(β-苯乙基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
C6)4"-O-[反式-β-(4-硝基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(β-苯乙基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
C7)4"-O-[反式-β-(2-甲氧基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(β-苯乙基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
C8)4"-O-[反式-β-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(β-苯乙基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
D1)4"-O-(反式-β-苯基烯丙酰胺氨甲酰基)-11-O-(4-甲氧基苄基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
D2)4"-O-[反式-β-(2-呋喃)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(4-甲氧基苄基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
D3)4"-O-[反式-β-(2-噻吩)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(4-甲氧基苄基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
D4)4"-O-[反式-β-(4-氯苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(4-甲氧基苄基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
D5)4"-O-[反式-β-(4-溴苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(4-甲氧基苄基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
D6)4"-O-[反式-β-(4-硝基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(4-甲氧基苄基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
D7)4"-O-[反式-β-(2-甲氧基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(4-甲氧基苄基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素 
D8)4"-O-[反式-β-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(4-甲氧基苄基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
E1)4"-O-(反式-β-苯基烯丙酰胺氨甲酰基)-11-O-[4-甲氧基(β-苯乙基)]氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
E2)4"-O-[反式-β-(2-呋喃)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-[4-甲氧基(β-苯乙基)]氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
E3)4"-O-[反式-β-(2-噻吩)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-[4-甲氧基(β-苯乙基)]氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
E4)4"-O-[反式-β-(4-氯苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-[4-甲氧基(β-苯乙基)]氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
E5)4"-O-[反式-β-(4-溴苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-[4-甲氧基(β-苯乙基)]氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
E6)4"-O-[反式-β-(4-硝基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-[4-甲氧基(β-苯乙基)]氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
E7)4"-O-[反式-β-(2-甲氧基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-[4-甲氧基(β-苯乙基)]氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
E8)4"-O-[反式-β-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-[4-甲氧基(β-苯乙 基)]氨甲酰基阿奇霉素; 
E9)4"-O-[反式-β-(3,4,5-三甲氧基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-[4-甲氧基(β-苯乙基)]氨甲酰基阿奇霉素。 
由表1–2可知:总体上,与相应具有二级抗菌机制的4"-O-(反式-β-芳基烯丙酰胺)氨基甲酰基-阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯衍生物相比,具有三级抗菌机制的4"-O-(反式-β-芳基烯丙酰胺)氨基甲酰基-11-O-芳基氨甲酰基阿奇霉素衍生物对敏感菌和耐药菌表现出较强的抗菌活性;与对照药物EMA和AZM相比,目标化合物对各种类型的耐药菌均表现出明显增强的活性。 
附图说明
图1:本发明的通式I的I4"-O-(反式-β-芳基烯丙酰胺)氨基甲酰基阿奇霉素衍生物的合成路线图。 
图2:本发明的通式II的4"-O-(反式-β-芳基烯丙酰胺)氨基甲酰基阿奇霉素衍生物的合成路线图。 
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步的说明。 
术语解释: 
EMA:红霉素。 
AZM:阿奇霉素。 
CDI:N,N′-羰基二咪唑。 
DMF:N,N-二甲基甲酰胺。 
THF:四氢呋喃。 
MIC:最小抑菌浓度。 
MLSB:大环内酯-林可酰胺-链阳菌素B。 
PTC:肽酰转移酶活性中心。 
实施例1. 
2'-O-乙酰基-阿奇霉素2的制备 
将AZI(3.0g,4.01mmol)溶解于无水CH2Cl2(30mL),加入Ac2O(0.75mL,8.01mmol)和无水Et3N(2.22mL,16.02mmol),室温搅拌24h。反应完毕后,加入适量饱和NaHCO3溶液,CH2Cl2(25mL×2)萃取。合并有机层,饱和食盐水洗涤,无水Na2SO4干燥,过滤、减压旋干,得白色泡沫状固体,Me2CO–H2O(2:1)重结晶得白色目标产物2.88g,收率96.0%。mp167–170°C,Rf=0.40(CH2Cl2:MeOH=10:1)。 
实施例2. 
4"-O-(1-H-咪唑-1-羰基)-2′-O-乙酰基-阿奇霉素3的制备 
将2(3.0g,3.80mmol)溶解于无水甲苯(40mL),加入Et3N(1.20mL,8.66mmol)和N,N′-二羰基咪唑(CDI)(2.46g,15.2mmol),55°C下搅拌72h。反应完毕后,减压旋去溶剂,加入适量饱和NaHCO3溶液,CH2Cl2(20mL×2)萃取。合并有机层,饱和食盐水洗涤、无水Na2SO4干燥、过滤、减压旋干,得白色泡沫状固体3.21g,收率92.9%。mp117–120°C,Rf=0.70(CH2Cl2:MeOH=10:1)。 
实施例3. 
4"-O-氨基氨基甲酰基-2'-O-乙酰基-阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯4的制备 
将3(3.0g,3.30mmol)溶解于DMF(20mL)中,加入85%水合肼(0.29g,4.95mmol),室温搅拌0.5h。反应完毕后,水洗(30mL×2)、EtOAc(15mL×2)萃取。合并有机层,适量饱和食盐水洗涤、无水Na2SO4干燥、过滤、减压旋干,得白色泡沫固体2.76g,收率95.6%。mp110–114°C,Rf=0.62(CH2Cl2:MeOH=10:1)。 
实施例4. 
反式-β-苯基烯丙酰氯(反式肉桂酸氯)的制备 
将反式肉桂酸(0.41g,2.74mmol)溶解于适量无水THF中,冰浴条件下逐滴加入草酰氯(1.03g,8.22mmol)、DMF三滴(按20滴1ml计),继续冰浴搅拌0.5h。反应完毕后,减压蒸干,得淡黄色具刺激性气味的残留物。 
实施例5. 
4"-O-(反式-β-苯基烯丙酰胺)氨基甲酰基-阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯衍生物(A1)的制备 
将4(3g,3.43mmol)溶解于适量无水THF中,加入NaHCO3(0.23g,2.74mmol)。用适量无水THF溶解实施例4得到的残留物,冰浴条件下缓慢、逐滴加入到反应体系中,继续冰浴搅拌2h。 
反应完毕后,减压旋去THF,加入适量饱和NaHCO3溶液,EtOAc(25mL×2)提取。合并有机层,适量饱和食盐水洗涤、无水Na2SO4干燥、过滤、减压旋干,得残留固体。 
残留物适量MeOH溶解,55°C搅拌12h,减压旋去MeOH,得淡黄色固体。硅胶柱层析,洗脱剂为CH2Cl2:MeOH=30:1,得白色固体(2.34g,2.43mmol),收率70.8%。 
化合物A2–A12按此法制备。 
A系列化合物的结构确证: 
4"-O-(反式-β-苯基烯丙酰胺)氨基甲酰基阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯(A1),白色固体,收率:70.8%,mp158–160°C,TLC Rf=0.38(CH2Cl2:MeOH=10:1);IR(KBr):3596,3466,2975,2939,2879,2832,2788,1815,1741,1685,1635,1579,1461,1383,1276,1219,1168,1112,1045,1014cm-1;1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):7.69(d,1H,J=15.6Hz),7.46–7.45(m,2H),7.36-7.35(m,3H),6.46(d,1H,J=15.6Hz),5.07(s,1H),4.89-4.87(m,1H),4.62-4.61(m,1H),4.47–4.41(m,4H),3.68(s,1H),3.60–3.59(m,1H),3.31(s,4H),2.86–2.84(m,2H),2.71(s,1H),2.44–2.32(m,8H),2.21(s,3H),2.07–1.99(m,2H),1.92(s,1H),1.85–1.81(m,2H),1.65–1.55(m,3H),1.44–1.40(m,4H),1.32–1.19(m,18H),1.07–1.04(m,7H),0.99–0.91(m,7H);MS(ESI)m/zcalcd.forC49H78N4O15962.5;found(M+H+)963.9. 
4"-O-[反式-β-(2-呋喃)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯(A2),白色固体,收率:69.2%,mp143–146°C,TLC Rf=0.41(CH2Cl2:MeOH=10:1);IR(KBr):3598,3469,2973,2937,2873,2789,1815,1741,1681,1624,1461,1382,1276,1217,1167,1112,1044cm-11H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):7.95(d,1H,J=15.6Hz),7.46-7.45(m,1H),7.34-7.32(m,1H),6.95-6.93(m,1H),6.61(d,1H,J=15.6Hz),5.05(s,1H),4.89-4.87(m,1H),4.62-4.60(m,1H),4.51(d,1H,J=5.4Hz),4.34-4.31(m,3H),3.72(s,1H),3.60(d,1H,J=5.4Hz),3.38-3.36(m,1H),3.28-3.23(m,3H),2.86–2.85(m,2H),2.81(s,1H),2.64-2.57(m,5H),2.44–2.36(m,3H),2.20(s,3H),2.06–2.01(m,2H),1.91(s,1H),1.85-1.81(m,2H),1.66-1.57(m,3H),1.45-1.43(m,4H),1.32-1.17(m,18H),1.08-1.03(m,7H),0.96-0.88(m,7H);MS(ESI)m/z calcd.forC47H76N4O16952.5;found(M+H+)953.9. 
4"-O-[反式-β-(2-噻吩)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯(A3),白色固体,收率:71.2%,mp149–151°C,TLC Rf=0.43(CH2Cl2:MeOH=10:1);IR(KBr):3597,3468,2974,2937,2875,2833,2788,1816,1741,1682,1625,1461,1383,1276,1217,1168,1112,1045,1014cm-1;1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):7.79(d,1H,J=15.6Hz),7.35–7.33(m,1H),7.20-7.19(m,1H),7.03-7.01(m,1H),6.26(d,1H,J=15.6Hz),5.07(s,1H),4.89-4.88(m,1H),4.62-4.60(m,1H),4.48-4.39(m,4H),3.68(s,1H),3.60-3.59(m,1H),3.31(s,4H),2.89–2.86(m,2H),2.73(s,1H),2.44-2.36(m,8H),2.20(s,3H),2.06–2.00(m,2H),1.91(s,1H),1.85-1.80(m,2H),1.66-1.60(m,3H),1.44-1.37(m,4H),1.33-1.19(m,18H),1.07-1.06(m,7H),0.94-0.86(m,7H);MS(ESI)m/z calcd.for C47H76N4O15S968.5;found(M+H+)969.8. 
4"-O-[反式-β-(4-氟苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯(A4),白色固体,收率:70.3%,mp162–165°C,TLC Rf=0.37(CH2Cl2:MeOH=10:1);IR(KBr):3600,3530,3273,2972,2933,2857,2787,1816,1740,1679,1635,1601,1461,1382,1230,1166,1111,1045cm-1;1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):7.62(d,1H,J=15.6Hz),7.44–7.43(m,2H),7.04–7.02(m,2H),6.41(d,1H,J=15.6Hz),5.06(s,1H),4.88-4.87(m,1H),4.61-4.60(m,1H),4.41–4.37(m,4H),3.70–3.67(m,1H),3.59(s,1H),3.35–3.31(m,4H),2.87–2.84(m,2H),2.83(s,1H),2.58–2.35(m,8H),2.21(s,3H),2.03–1.78(m,5H),1.66–1.56(m,3H),1.47–1.41(m,4H),1.34–1.22(m,18H),1.08–1.05(m,7H),0.95–0.91(m,7H);MS(ESI)m/zcalcd.for C49H77FN4O15980.5;found(M+H+)982.1. 
4"-O-[反式-β-(2-氟苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯(A5),白色固体,收率:65.7%,mp159–163°C,TLC Rf=0.44(CH2Cl2:MeOH=10:1);IR(KBr):3599,3524,3294,2975,2940,2879,2832,2789,1816,1741,1689,1636,1579,1460,1383,1230,1168,1111,1045,1015cm-1;1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):7.78(d,1H,J=15.6Hz),7.46–7.45(m,1H),7.33–7.32(m,1H),7.14–7.12(m,1H),7.07–7.04(m,1H),6.59(d,1H,J=15.6Hz),5.08(s,1H),4.89-4.88(m,1H),4.62-4.61(m,1H),4.47-4.42(m,4H),3.67(s,1H),3.60–3.59(m,1H),3.35–3.25(m,4H),2.86–2.85(m,2H),2.65(s,1H),2.44–2.37(m,8H),2.20(s,3H),2.07–1.99(m,2H),1.91(s,1H),1.85–1.80(m,2H),1.66–1.56(m,3H),1.48–1.40(m,4H),1.33–1.19(m,18H),1.07–1.05(m,7H),0.93–0.90(m,7H);MS(ESI)m/z calcd.for C49H77FN4O15980.5;found(M+H+)981.9. 
4"-O-[反式-β-(4-氯苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯(A6),白色固体,收率:71.1%,mp161–163°C,TLC Rf=0.43(CH2Cl2:MeOH=10:1);IR(KBr):3596,3524,3271,2975,2939,2879,2832,2788,1815,1741,1678,1634,1593,1461,1383,1220,1168,1111,1045cm-1;1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):7.56(d,1H,J=15.6Hz),7.35–7.34(m,2H),7.32–7.30(m,2H),6.48(d,1H,J=15.6Hz),5.07(s,1H),4.89-4.86(m,1H),4.62-4.60(m,1H),4.49-4.35(m,4H),3.68(s,1H),3.59(s,1H),3.31–3.26(m,4H),2.89–2.83(m,2H),2.73(s,1H),2.44–2.34(m,8H),2.23–2.21(m,3H),2.07–1.99(m,2H),1.92(s,1H),1.85–1.80(m,2H),1.65–1.56(m,3H),1.46–1.39(m,4H),1.36–1.18(m,18H),1.12–1.05(m,7H),0.98–0.90(m,7H);MS(ESI)m/z calcd.for C49H77ClN4O15996.5;found(M+H+)998.0. 
4"-O-[反式-β-(4-溴苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯(A7),白色固体,收率:73.2%,mp162–165°C,TLC Rf=0.36(CH2Cl2:MeOH=10:1);IR(KBr):3595,3525,2974,2938,2879,2831,2788,1815,1740,1685,1634,1588,1461,1383,1264,1220,1168,1111,1072,1045cm-1;1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):7.57(d,1H,J=15.6Hz),7.47–7.45(m,2H),7.28-7.27(m,2H),6.46(d,1H,J=15.6Hz),5.08(s,1H),4.89-4.87(m,1H),4.62-4.60(m,1H),4.48-4.43(m,4H),3.68-3.66(m,1H),3.61-3.59(m,1H),3.33-3.31(m,4H),2.88–2.83(m,2H),2.65(s,1H),2.40–2.31(m,8H),2.21(s,3H),2.07-1.99(m,2H),1.92(s,1H),1.85-1.81(m,2H),1.66-1.54(m,3H),1.45-1.39(m,4H),1.33-1.19(m,18H),1.07-1.03(m,7H),0.99-0.90(m,7H);MS(ESI)m/z calcd.for C49H77BrN4O15 1040.5;found(M+H+)1043.7. 
4"-O-[反式-β-(4-氰基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯(A8),白色固体,收率:67.9%,mp164–166°C,TLC Rf=0.42(CH2Cl2:MeOH=10:1);IR(KBr):3596,3525,2975,2939,2880,2832,2788,2229,1814,1740,1685,1637,1605,1461,1384,1274,1223,1169,1112,1044cm-1;1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):7.65-7.62(m,2H),7.60-7.58(m,2H),7.54-7.52(m,1H),6.63-6.61(m,1H),5.05-5.04(m,1H),4.89-4.86(m,1H),4.60-4.56(m,2H),4.43-4.30(m,3H),3.74-3.71(m,1H),3.59-3.57(m,1H),3.48-3.44(m,1H),3.33(s,3H),3.30(s,1H),2.96(s,1H),2.89–2.77(m,8H),2.47–2.44(m,1H),2.39–2.36(m,1H),2.22(s,3H),2.15-1.80(m,6H),1.64-1.56(m,3H),1.51-0.82(m,34H);MS(ESI)m/z calcd.for C50H77N5O15 987.5;found(M+H+)988.9. 
4"-O-[反式-β-(4-硝基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯(A9),淡黄色固体,收率:68.5%,mp138–140°C,TLC Rf=0.45(CH2Cl2:MeOH=10:1);IR(KBr):3598,3526,2975,2939,2878,2832,2788,1815,1741,1689,1637,1599,1461,1383,1275,1220,1168,1111,1045,1014cm-1;1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):8.21–8.19(m,2H),7.67–7.64(m,1H),7.59–7.57(m,2H),6.65–6.63(m,1H),5.09(s,1H),4.89(d,1H,J=9.6Hz),4.63(d,1H,J=9.6Hz),4.46-4.41(m,4H),3.66(s,1H),3.60–3.58(m,1H),3.34–3.28(m,4H),2.89–2.85(m,2H),2.66(s,1H),2.45–2.35(m,8H),2.21(s,3H),2.08–2.00(m,2H),1.93(m,1H),1.85–1.80(m,2H),1.67–1.55(m,3H),1.47–1.37(m,4H),1.33–1.15(m,18H),1.09–0.90(m,14H);MS(ESI)m/zcalcd.for C49H77N5O171007.5;found(M+H+)1008.9. 
4"-O-[反式-β-(2-甲氧基苯基)烯丙酰胺]氨基甲酰基-阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯(A10),白色固体,收率:72.3%,mp156–159°C,TLC Rf=0.43(CH2Cl2:MeOH=10:1);IR(KBr):3598,3524,2973,2937,2877,2788,1815,1741,1685,1629,1578,1463,1383,1220,1167,1111,1046cm-1;1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):7.47–7.45(m,2H),6.82–6.78(m,1H),6.57–6.55(m,1H),6.46–6.43(m,1H),6.38–6.34(m,1H),5.07(s,1H),4.89-4.87(m,1H),4.62-4.59(m,1H),4.48-4.41(m,4H),3.83(s,3H),3.67(s,1H),3.60–3.58(m,1H),3.34–3.31(m,4H),2.89–2.85(m,2H),2.69(s,1H),2.54–2.27(m,8H),2.22(s,3H),2.08–1.96(m,2H),1.91(s,1H),1.85–1.80(m,2H),1.68–1.51(m,3H),1.48–1.35(m,4H),1.34–0.80(m,32H);MS(ESI)m/z calcd.forC50H80N4O16992.6;found(M+H+)993.9. 
4"-O-[反式-β-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)烯丙酰胺]氨基甲酰基-阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯(A11),白色固体,收率:69.5%,mp155–159°C,TLC Rf=0.41(CH2Cl2:MeOH=10:1);IR(KBr):3598,3525,3341,2972,2921,2850,2788,1815,1741,1685,1631,1464,1383,1263,1219,1167,1112,1045cm-1;1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):7.57(d,1H,J=15.6Hz),7.00(d,1H,J=9.0Hz),6.93(s,1H),6.81(d,1H,J=9.0Hz),6.46(d,1H,J=15.6Hz),5.10(s,1H),4.91-4.87(m,1H),4.62-4.60(m,1H),4.48-4.40(m,4H),3.93–3.76(m,6H),3.67(s,1H),3.63–3.55(m,1H),3.36–3.27(m,4H),2.87–2.85(m,2H),2.67(s,1H),2.44–2.32(m,8H),2.21–2.17(m,3H),2.08–1.96(m,2H),1.92(s,1H),1.85–1.80(m,2H),1.65–1.55(m,3H),1.45–1.39(m,4H),1.34–1.16(m,18H),1.13–0.82(m,14H);MS(ESI)m/z calcd.for C51H82N4O171022.6;found(M+H+)1024.1. 
4"-O-[反式-β-(3,4,5-三甲氧基苯基)烯丙酰胺]氨基甲酰基-阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯(A12),白色固体,收率:71.6%,mp154–157°C,TLC Rf=0.43(CH2Cl2:MeOH=10:1);IR(KBr):3598,3525,3306,2973,2939,2876,2836,2788,1815,1741,1678,1633,1583,1461,1383,1268,1219,1168,1045,1013cm-1;1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):7.45(d,1H,J=15.6Hz),6.57(s,2H),6.34(d,1H,J=15.6Hz),5.09(s,1H),4.88-4.86(m,1H),4.62-4.60(m,1H),4.49-4.45(m,4H),3.86-3.83(m,9H),3.62(s,1H),3.60-3.58(m,1H),3.35-3.27(m,4H),2.88–2.85(m,2H),2.64(s,1H),2.44–2.33(m,8H),2.21(s,3H),2.08–2.00(m,2H),1.92(s,1H),1.84-1.76(m,2H),1.68-1.58(m,3H),1.48-1.38(m,4H),1.33-1.19(m,18H),1.08-0.90(m,14H);MS(ESI)m/zcalcd.for C52H84N4O181052.6;found(M+H+)1054.0. 
实施例6. 
4"-O-(反式-β-苯基烯丙酰胺氨甲酰基)-11-O-苄基氨甲酰基阿奇霉素(B1)的制备 
将4"-O-(反式-β-苯基烯丙酰胺)氨基甲酰基阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯A1(0.50g,0.52mmol)溶解于苄胺(2.22mL),加入吡啶盐酸盐(0.17g,1.47mmol),室温搅拌72h。反应完毕后,分别加入EtOAc(15mL×2)、饱和NaH2PO4(10mL),充分振摇,饱和食盐水洗涤。有机层无水Na2SO4干燥、过滤、减压旋干,得白色固体。硅胶柱层析,洗脱剂为CH2Cl2:MeOH=20:1,得白色固体(0.41g,0.38mmol),收率73.1%。 
化合物B2–B9、C1–C8、D1–D8、E1–E9按此法制备。 
B–E系列化合物的结构确证: 
4"-O-(反式-β-苯基烯丙酰胺氨甲酰基)-11-O-苄基氨甲酰基阿奇霉素(B1),白色固体,收率:73.1%,mp155–157°C,TLC Rf=0.20(CH2Cl2:MeOH=5:1);IR(KBr):3459,3311,2974,2937,2875,2789,1732,1635,1528,1456,1382,1170,1112,1045,1015cm-1;1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):7.75–7.70(m,1H),7.55–7.50(m,2H),7.42–7.40(m,2H),7.35–7.33(m,3H),7.24–7.22(m,3H),6.52–6.50(m,1H),5.07–5.05(m,1H),4.97(s,1H),4.85(s,1H),4.51-4.43(m,3H),4.33–4.31(m,1H),3.73–3.72(m,2H),3.67(s,2H),3.36–3.27(m,4H),3.25(s,2H),2.63–2.55(m,3H),2.36–2.33(m,6H),2.29(s,3H),2.17–2.15(m,2H),2.03(s,2H),1.97–1.88(m,3H),1.76–1.75(m,1H),1.63(s,2H),1.58–1.55(m,2H),1.47(s,1H),1.33–0.87(m,33H);MS(ESI)m/zcalcd.for C56H87N5O151069.6;found(M+H+)1070.9. 
4"-O-[反式-β-(2-呋喃)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-苄基氨甲酰基阿奇霉素(B2),白色固体,收率:65.4%,mp141–144°C,TLC Rf=0.23(CH2Cl2:MeOH=5:1);IR(KBr):3311,2974,2936,1812,1731,1639,1529,1456,1382,1168,1110,1074,1043,1015cm-1;1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):7.80–7.76(m,1H),7.45–7.39(m,2H),7.37–7.30(m,5H),6.46–6.42(m,1H),6.38–6.35(m,1H),5.09(s,1H),4.99-4.97(m,1H),4.82(s,1H),4.53-4.47(m,3H),4.31-4.28(m,1H),3.70–3.69(m,2H),3.63(s,2H),3.30–3.21(m,4H),3.18(s,2H),2.61–2.57(m,3H),2.37–2.34(m,6H),2.30(s,3H),2.18–2.16(m,2H),1.98(s,2H),1.94-1.86(m,3H),1.74–1.73(m,1H),1.61(s,2H),1.56–1.53(m,2H),1.43(s,1H),1.35–0.90(m,33H);MS(ESI)m/z calcd.forC54H85N5O161059.6;found(M+H+)1061.4. 
4"-O-[反式-β-(2-噻吩)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-苄基氨甲酰基阿奇霉素(B3),白色固体,收率:70.5%,mp146–150°C,TLC Rf=0.18(CH2Cl2:MeOH=5:1);IR(KBr):3322,2973,2936,1814,1733,1624,1521,1458,1380,1168,1112,1045cm-1;1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):7.85–7.83(m,1H),7.77–7.75(m,1H),7.57–7.55(m,1H),7.53–7.51(m,1H),7.32–7.30(m,2H),7.26–7.24(m,3H),6.89–6.86(m,1H),5.05(s,1H),4.95-4.93(m,1H),4.79(s,1H),4.48-4.43(m,3H),4.27-4.25(m,1H),3.65–3.64(m,2H),3.58(s,2H),3.25–3.19(m,4H),3.16(s,2H),2.58–2.55(m,3H),2.34–2.31(m,6H),2.28(s,3H),2.16–2.13(m,2H),1.96(s,2H),1.91–1.83(m,3H),1.76–1.73(m,1H),1.58(s,2H),1.53–1.51(m,2H),1.41(s,1H),1.37–0.89(m,33H);MS(ESI)m/z calcd.for C54H85N5O15S1075.6;found(M+H+)1077.2. 
4"-O-[反式-β-(4-氯苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-苄基氨甲酰基阿奇霉素(B4),白色固体,收率:71.4%,mp156–158°C,TLC Rf=0.22(CH2Cl2:MeOH=5:1);IR(KBr):3461,3316,2975,2937,2876,2832,2788,1815,1733,1635,1592,1458,1382,1169,1112,1045,1014cm-1;1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):7.65–7.63(m,1H),7.60–7.58(m,2H),7.43–7.41(m,2H),7.31-7.30(m,2H),7.26-7.23(m,3H),6.53-6.38(m,1H),5.02-5.00(m,1H),4.94(s,1H),4.83(s,1H),4.50-4.40(m,3H),4.30-4.28(m,1H),3.73-3.72(m,2H),3.63(s,2H),3.35-3.25(m,4H),3.21(s,2H),2.61–2.52(m,3H),2.35–2.31(m,6H),2.25(s,3H),2.18–2.16(m,2H),2.01(s,2H),1.95-1.85(m,3H),1.74-1.72(m,1H),1.60(s,2H),1.52-1.50(m,2H),1.44(s,1H),1.30-0.90(m,33H);MS(ESI)m/z calcd.for C56H86ClN5O151103.6;found(M+H+)1105.4. 
4"-O-[反式-β-(4-溴苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-苄基氨甲酰基阿奇霉素(B5),白色固体,收率:70.6%,mp158–160°C,TLC Rf=0.22(CH2Cl2:MeOH=5:1);IR(KBr):3455,2973,2933,1814,1732,1635,1587,1458,1381,1169,1112,1045cm-1;1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):7.65-7.62(m,2H),7.51-7.48(m,2H),7.39-7.37(m,1H),7.33-7.31(m,2H),7.24-7.21(m,3H),6.79-6.77(m,1H),5.08(s,1H),4.95(s,1H),4.79(s,1H),4.52-4.43(m,3H),4.25-4.23(m,1H),3.68-3.66(m,2H),3.64(s,2H),3.38-3.31(m,4H),3.22(s,2H),2.59–2.53(m,3H),2.35–2.31(m,6H),2.26(s,3H),2.18–2.16(m,2H),2.04(s,2H),1.99-1.89(m,3H),1.73-1.72(m, 1H),1.56(s,2H),1.53–1.51(m,2H),1.42(s,1H),1.21–0.91(m,33H);MS(ESI)m/zcalcd.forC56H86BrN5O151147.5;found(M+H+)1148.8. 
4"-O-[反式-β-(4-硝基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-苄基氨甲酰基阿奇霉素(B6),淡黄色固体,收率:69.8%,mp143–145°C,TLC Rf=0.20(CH2Cl2:MeOH=5:1);IR(KBr):3323,2974,1813,1731,1637,1599,1522,1458,1381,1344,1169,1111,1043cm-1;1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):8.24-8.21(m,3H),7.76–7.72(m,2H),7.31–7.30(m,2H),7.23–7.20(m,3H),7.11–7.09(m,1H),5.08(s,1H),4.96(s,1H),4.82(s,1H),4.52-4.46(m,3H),4.28-4.26(m,1H),3.70–3.68(m,2H),3.66(s,2H),3.40–3.34(m,4H),3.24(s,2H),2.61–2.55(m,3H),2.33–2.30(m,6H),2.24(s,3H),2.15–2.13(m,2H),2.00(s,2H),1.98–1.87(m,3H),1.71–1.70(m,1H),1.57(s,2H),1.55–1.53(m,2H),1.43(s,1H),1.28–0.93(m,33H);MS(ESI)m/zcalcd.for C56H86N6O171114.6;found(M+H+)1116.2. 
4"-O-[反式-β-(2-甲氧基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-苄基氨甲酰基阿奇霉素(B7),白色固体,收率:70.3%,mp153–155°C,TLC Rf=0.19(CH2Cl2:MeOH=5:1);IR(KBr):3309,2975,2937,2836,1812,1730,1642,1578,1517,1455,1382,1344,1168,1123,1045cm-1;1HNMR(600MHz,CDCl3):7.95(d,1H,J=15.6Hz),7.78–7.76(m,1H),7.38–7.34(m,3H),7.22–7.16(m,2H),7.02–6.76(m,3H),6.60(d,1H,J=15.6Hz),5.06(s,1H),4.99(s,1H),4.85(s,1H),4.53-4.48(m,3H),4.30-4.28(m,1H),3.83–3.80(m,3H),3.71–3.69(m,2H),3.63(s,2H),3.37–3.34(m,4H),3.20(s,2H),2.57–2.54(m,3H),2.30–2.27(m,6H),2.23(s,3H),2.11–2.09(m,2H),1.99(s,2H),1.96–1.89(m,3H),1.70–1.68(m,1H),1.55(s,2H),1.53–1.51(m,2H),1.45(s,1H),1.27–0.98(m,33H);MS(ESI)m/zcalcd.for C57H89N5O161099.6;found(M+H+)1101.1. 
4"-O-[反式-β-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-苄基氨甲酰基阿奇霉素(B8),白色固体,收率:72.4%,mp152–154°C,TLC Rf=0.20(CH2Cl2:MeOH=5:1);IR(KBr):3463,2973,2936,1815,1734,1632,1600,1516,1459,1383,1343,1167,1112,1046cm-1;1HNMR(600MHz,CDCl3):7.36–7.33(m,3H),7.26–7.23(m,4H),7.18–7.16(m,1H),6.88–6.87(m,2H),5.09–5.07(m,1H),4.95(s,1H),4.87(s,1H),4.55-4.50(m,3H),4.33-4.31(m,1H),3.82–3.81(m,6H),3.73–3.71(m,2H),3.66(s,2H),3.39–3.36(m,4H),3.22(s,2H),2.55–2.53(m,3H),2.31–2.29(m,6H),2.25(s,3H),2.10–2.07(m,2H),1.98(s,2H),1.93–1.83(m,3H),1.72–1.71(m,1H),1.57(s,2H),1.55–1.53(m,2H),1.49(s,1H),1.25–0.99(m,33H);MS(ESI)m/zcalcd.forC58H91N5O171129.6;found(M+H+)1131.4. 
4"-O-[反式-β-(3,4,5-三甲氧基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-苄基氨甲酰基阿奇霉素(B9),白色固体,收率:70.2%,mp151–154°C,TLC Rf=0.18(CH2Cl2:MeOH=5:1);IR(KBr):3501,3308,2975,2937,2835,1812,1731,1641,1583,1504,1456,1382,1328,1168,1043,1011cm-1;1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):7.42–7.40(m,3H),7.32–7.29(m,3H),6.90–6.88(m,1H),6.80(s,2H),5.06(s,1H),4.97-4.95(m,1H),4.85(s,1H),4.53-4.50(m,3H),4.30-4.29(m,1H),3.80(m,9H),3.73-3.71(m,2H),3.64(s,2H),3.37-3.35(m,4H),3.26(s,2H),2.57–2.55(m,3H),2.30–2.28(m,6H),2.25(s,3H),2.09–2.06(m,2H),1.95(s,2H),1.90-1.80(m,3H),1.73-1.72(m,1H),1.55(s,2H),1.51-1.49(m,2H),1.45(s,1H),1.33-1.00(m,33H);MS(ESI)m/z calcd.forC59H93N5O181159.7;found(M+H+)1161.0. 
4"-O-(反式-β-苯基烯丙酰胺氨甲酰基)-11-O-(β-苯乙基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素(C1),白色固体,收率:63.5%,mp153–156°C,TLC Rf=0.24(CH2Cl2:MeOH=5:1);IR(KBr):3458,2975,2938,2876,2832,2788,1814,1731,1635,1520,1457,1382,1169,1113,1046,1015cm-11H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):7.69-7.67(m,1H),7.51-7.50(m,2H),7.35-7.34(m,3H),7.30-7.28(m,2H),7.19-7.18(m,1H),7.09-7.08(m,2H),6.70-6.50(m,1H),5.02-5.00(m,2H),4.69-4.68(m,1H),4.61-4.57(m,1H),4.50(s,1H),4.44-4.42(m,1H),4.28(s,1H),3.75(s,1H),3.62(s,1H),3.51-3.47(m,3H),3.41(s,3H),3.25-3.24(m,1H),2.83–2.77(m,4H),2.64(s,2H),2.47(s,4H), 2.40–2.36(m,3H),2.23(s,3H),2.17(s,1H),2.06–2.05(m,1H),1.89–1.85(m,3H),1.63–1.59(m,2H),1.50–1.48(m,1H),1.43–1.39(m,2H),1.30–0.83(m,35H);MS(ESI)m/z calcd.forC57H89N5O151083.6;found(M+H+)1085.3. 
4"-O-[反式-β-(2-呋喃)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(β-苯乙基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素(C2),白色固体,收率:63.8%,mp138–142°C,TLC Rf=0.25(CH2Cl2:MeOH=5:1);IR(KBr):3515,2976,2938,2878,1732,1633,1528,1459,1382,1169,1111,1046,1015cm-1;1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):7.46–7.44(m,1H),7.36–7.34(m,1H),7.30(d,1H,J=7.8Hz),7.25(d,1H,J=7.2Hz),7.23–7.22(m,1H),7.19(d,1H,J=7.2Hz),7.14(d,1H,J=7.8Hz),6.57–6.56(m,1H),6.48–6.44(m,1H),6.32–6.28(m,1H),4.99(s,2H),4.70-4.69(m,1H),4.63-4.60(m,1H),4.51(s,1H),4.45-4.44(m,1H),4.26(s,1H),3.71(s,1H),3.60(s,1H),3.52–3.49(m,3H),3.42(s,3H),3.27–3.25(m,1H),2.85–2.79(m,4H),2.66(s,2H),2.45(s,4H),2.38–2.34(m,3H),2.21(s,3H),2.18(s,1H),2.05–2.04(m,1H),1.93–1.90(m,3H),1.61–1.59(m,2H),1.51–1.49(m,1H),1.41–1.38(m,2H),1.32–0.84(m,35H);found(M+H+)1075.1. 
4"-O-[反式-β-(2-噻吩)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(β-苯乙基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素(C3),白色固体,收率:65.8%,mp144–147°C,TLC Rf=0.24(CH2Cl2:MeOH=5:1);IR(KBr):3322,2974,2936,1731,1621,1533,1457,1382,1244,1169,1122,1045cm-1;1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):7.60–7.25(m,6H),7.10–6.70(m,3H),6.34–6.08(m,1H),5.01-4.98(m,2H),4.72-4.69(m,1H),4.62-4.60(m,1H),4.48(s,1H),4.43-4.41(m,1H),4.28(s,1H),3.74(s,1H),3.63(s,1H),3.51–3.48(m,3H),3.40(s,3H),3.26–3.24(m,1H),2.86–2.82(m,4H),2.68(s,2H),2.47(s,4H),2.37–2.34(m,3H),2.24(s,3H),2.17(s,1H),2.04–2.03(m,1H),1.92–1.88(m,3H),1.63–1.60(m,2H),1.50–1.48(m,1H),1.40–1.36(m,2H),1.28–0.79(m,35H);MS(ESI)m/zcalcd.forC55H87N5O15S1089.6;found(M+H+)1091.2. 
4"-O-[反式-β-(4-氯苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(β-苯乙基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素(C4),白色固体,收率:63.9%,mp152–154°C,TLC Rf=0.20(CH2Cl2:MeOH=5:1);IR(KBr):3499,2974,2932,2874,2856,2787,1814,1732,1634,1495,1460,1381,1169,1112,1045,1014cm-1;1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):7.63(d,1H,J=15.6Hz),7.41–7.40(m,2H),7.33–7.32(m,2H),7.30–7.29(m,2H),7.23–7.19(m,3H),6.49(d,1H,J=15.6Hz),4.99-4.97(m,2H),4.68(s,1H),4.60-4.56(m,1H),4.48(s,1H),4.43-4.41(m,1H),4.25(s,1H),3.73(s,1H),3.59(s,1H),3.49-3.44(m,3H),3.39(s,3H),3.23-3.21(m,1H),2.85–2.75(m,4H),2.62(s,2H),2.49(s,4H),2.39–2.33(m,3H),2.21(s,3H),2.15(s,1H),2.05–2.04(m,1H),1.87-1.81(m,3H),1.62-1.57(m,2H),1.51-1.49(m,1H),1.44-1.38(m,2H),1.33-0.80(m,35H);MS(ESI)m/z calcd.forC57H88ClN5O151117.6;found(M+H+)1119.3. 
4"-O-[反式-β-(4-溴苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(β-苯乙基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素(C5),白色固体,收率:62.7%,mp155–157°C,TLC Rf=0.24(CH2Cl2:MeOH=5:1);IR(KBr):3452,2974,2936,2876,2788,1815,1732,1634,1489,1458,1383,1218,1169,1111,1046cm-1;1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):7.73-7.71(m,1H),7.61-7.58(m,1H),7.55-7.52(m,1H),7.48-7.47(m,2H),7.40-7.38(m,2H),7.20-7.17(m,3H),7.09-7.08(m,1H),4.97-4.96(m,2H),4.70(s,1H),4.62-4.59(m,1H),4.51(s,1H),4.45-4.43(m,1H),4.28(s,1H),3.75(s,1H),3.60(s,1H),3.50-3.47(m,3H),3.40(s,3H),3.25-3.23(m,1H),2.84–2.77(m,4H),2.64(s,2H),2.51(s,4H),2.41–2.36(m,3H),2.23–2.21(m,3H),2.17(s,1H),2.06–2.03(m,1H),1.88-1.83(m,3H),1.64-1.59(m,2H),1.52-1.51(m,1H),1.44–1.38(m,2H),1.35-0.77(m,35H);MS(ESI)m/z calcd.for C57H88BrN5O151161.5;found(M+H+)1164.9. 
4"-O-[反式-β-(4-硝基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(β-苯乙基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素(C6),淡黄色固体,收率:66.5%,mp140–142°C,TLC Rf=0.21(CH2Cl2:MeOH=5:1);IR(KBr):3452,2975,2938,2876,2832,2788,1813,1732,1637,1522,1458,1381,1169,1112,1045, 1015cm-1;1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):8.21–8.16(m,1H),8.04–8.02(m,1H),7.70–7.67(m,1H),7.62–7.61(m,1H),7.28–7.24(m,2H),7.23–7.19(m,4H),6.70–6.68(m,1H),5.00-4.95(m,2H),4.77-4.75(m,1H),4.63-4.61(m,1H),4.55(s,1H),4.47-4.45(m,1H),4.31(s,1H),3.77(s,1H),3.63(s,1H),3.53–3.51(m,3H),3.42(s,3H),3.27–3.26(m,1H),2.86–2.79(m,4H),2.68–2.66(m,2H),2.52(s,4H),2.43–2.39(m,3H),2.25–2.23(m,3H),2.20(s,1H),2.09–2.07(m,1H),1.89–1.85(m,3H),1.66–1.62(m,2H),1.55–1.54(m,1H),1.47–1.42(m,2H),1.33–0.84(m,35H);MS(ESI)m/z calcd.for C57H88N6O171128.6;found(M+H+)1130.4. 
4"-O-[反式-β-(2-甲氧基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(β-苯乙基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素(C7),白色固体,收率:62.6%,mp152–154°C,TLC Rf=0.24(CH2Cl2:MeOH=5:1);IR(KBr):3455,2974,2938,2876,2834,2788,1814,1731,1630,1459,1381,1168,1111,1048,1015cm-1;1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):7.97(d,1H,J=15.6Hz),7.46–7.45(m,2H),7.14–7.13(m,1H),7.12–7.10(m,1H),7.04–7.02(m,1H),6.90–6.89(m,1H),6.84–6.82(m,3H),6.61(d,1H,J=15.6Hz),5.07–5.05(m,2H),4.79-4.77(m,1H),4.65-4.63(m,1H),4.56(s,1H),4.49-4.47(m,1H),4.35(s,1H),3.84-3.81(m,4H),3.63–3.61(m,1H),3.52–3.49(m,3H),3.41–3.39(m,3H),3.25–3.23(m,1H),2.88–2.82(m,4H),2.69–2.67(m,2H),2.54(s,4H),2.44–2.40(m,3H),2.27–2.24(m,3H),2.21(s,1H),2.11–2.08(m,1H),1.90–1.87(m,3H),1.67–1.64(m,2H),1.56–1.53(m,1H),1.48–1.44(m,2H),1.29–0.78(m,35H);MS(ESI)m/z calcd.for C58H91N5O161113.6;found(M+H+)1115.5. 
4"-O-[反式-β-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(β-苯乙基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素(C8),白色固体,收率:65.3%,mp151–153°C,TLC Rf=0.25(CH2Cl2:MeOH=5:1);IR(KBr):3503,3326,2974,2937,2876,2835,2787,1815,1733,1631,1515,1461,1382,1167,1138,1016cm-1;1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):7.62(d,1H,J=15.6Hz),7.31–7.28(m,2H),7.23–7.19(m,3H),7.06–7.04(m,1H),6.98(s,1H),6.82–6.80(m,1H),6.34(d,1H,J=15.6Hz),5.00-4.97(m,2H),4.76-4.74(m,1H),4.62-4.61(m,1H),4.53(s,1H),4.46-4.45(m,1H),4.32(s,1H),3.83–3.80(m,7H),3.58(s,1H),3.50–3.47(m,3H),3.40–3.37(m,3H),3.24–3.22(m,1H),2.86–2.81(m,4H),2.65–2.63(m,2H),2.55(s,4H),2.46–2.42(m,3H),2.29–2.27(m,3H),2.23(s,1H),2.14–2.11(m,1H),1.92–1.89(m,3H),1.68–1.66(m,2H),1.55–1.52(m,1H),1.46–1.43(m,2H),1.31–0.86(m,35H);MS(ESI)m/z calcd.for C59H93N5O171143.7;found(M+H+)1145.3. 
4"-O-(反式-β-苯基烯丙酰胺氨甲酰基)-11-O-(4-甲氧基苄基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素(D1),白色固体,收率:71.2%,mp146–149°C,TLC Rf=0.25(CH2Cl2:MeOH=5:1);IR(KBr):3321,2974,2835,1812,1731,1638,1608,1580,1513,1461,1381,1340,1170,1110,1036cm-1;1HNMR(600MHz,CDCl3):7.72-7.67(m,2H),7.48-7.44(m,2H),7.37-7.32(m,2H),7.28-7.22(m,2H),6.89-6.80(m,3H),5.02-5.00(m,1H),4.93-4.92(m,1H),4.65(s,1H),4.43-4.34(m,3H),4.24-4.22(m,1H),3.84-3.82(m,3H),3.67-3.65(m,2H),3.57(s,2H),3.29-3.21(m,4H),3.17-3.15(m,2H),2.55–2.50(m,3H),2.29–2.23(m,6H),2.19(s,3H),2.12–2.10(m,2H),2.01(s,2H),1.89-1.82(m,3H),1.68-1.66(m,1H),1.58(s,2H),1.49-1.47(m,2H),1.40(s,1H),1.33-0.88(m,33H);MS(ESI)m/z calcd.for C57H89N5O161099.6;found(M+H+)1101.3. 
4"-O-[反式-β-(2-呋喃)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(4-甲氧基苄基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素(D2),白色固体,收率:68.4%,mp133–137°C,TLC Rf=0.25(CH2Cl2:MeOH=5:1);IR(KBr):3321,2973,2937,2836,1811,1730,1637,1608,1579,1513,1462,1382,1338,1168,1110,1035cm-1;1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):7.47-7.45(m,2H),7.24-7.22(m,3H),6.89-6.87(m,2H),6.59-6.57(m,1H),6.47-6.45(m,1H),5.04-5.02(m,1H),4.96-4.94(m,1H),4.68(s,1H),4.45-4.38(m,3H),4.25-4.22(m,1H),3.86-3.84(m,3H),3.68-3.66(m,2H),3.59(s,2H),3.28-3.23(m,4H),3.18-3.15(m,2H),2.54-2.51(m,3H),2.31–2.25(m,6H),2.21(s,3H),2.11–2.08(m,2H),2.03(s,2H),1.87-1.83(m,3H),1.67-1.65(m,1H),1.56(s,2H),1.48-1.45(m, 2H),1.38(s,1H),1.30–0.85(m,33H);MS(ESI)m/z calcd.for C55H87N5O171089.6;found(M+H+)1091.4. 
4"-O-[反式-β-(2-噻吩)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(4-甲氧基苄基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素(D3),白色固体,收率:71.5%,mp142–144°C,TLC Rf=0.22(CH2Cl2:MeOH=5:1);IR(KBr):3323,2974,2835,1814,1733,1618,1586,1514,1461,1381,1246,1171,1111,1042cm-11H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):7.36–7.34(m,1H),7.25–7.23(m,2H),7.21–7.18(m,1H),7.05–7.03(m,1H),6.99–6.97(m,1H),6.88–6.83(m,3H),5.06–5.04(m,1H),4.93(s,1H),4.68-4.67(m,1H),4.47-4.42(m,3H),4.27-4.24(m,1H),3.88–3.85(m,3H),3.67–3.65(m,2H),3.59–3.57(m,2H),3.26–3.21(m,4H),3.16–3.13(m,2H),2.52–2.49(m,3H),2.30–2.24(m,6H),2.20(s,3H),2.10–2.08(m,2H),1.99(s,2H),1.85–1.81(m,3H),1.66–1.64(m,1H),1.55–1.53(m,2H),1.47–1.44(m,2H),1.39–1.37(m,1H),1.33–0.88(m,33H);MS(ESI)m/z calcd.for C55H87N5O16S1105.6;found(M+H+)1107.1. 
4"-O-[反式-β-(4-氯苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(4-甲氧基苄基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素(D4),白色固体,收率:69.5%,mp148–152°C,TLC Rf=0.24(CH2Cl2:MeOH=5:1);IR(KBr):3319,2937,1813,1732,1634,1590,1514,1461,1380,1172,1092,1040cm-1;1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):7.66–7.63(m,1H),7.41–7.33(m,5H),7.27–7.25(m,2H),7.24–7.23(m,2H),5.02–5.00(m,1H),4.93-4.92(m,1H),4.65(s,1H),4.43-4.34(m,3H),4.24-4.22(m,1H),3.84–3.82(m,3H),3.67–3.65(m,2H),3.57(s,2H),3.29–3.21(m,4H),3.17–3.15(m,2H),2.55–2.50(m,3H),2.29–2.23(m,6H),2.19(s,3H),2.12–2.10(m,2H),2.01(s,2H),1.89–1.82(m,3H),1.68–1.66(m,1H),1.58(s,2H),1.49–1.47(m,2H),1.40(s,1H),1.33–0.88(m,33H);MS(ESI)m/zcalcd.for C57H88ClN5O161133.6;found(M+H+)1135.2. 
4"-O-[反式-β-(4-溴苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(4-甲氧基苄基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素(D5),白色固体,收率:72.1%,mp149–152°C,TLC Rf=0.20(CH2Cl2:MeOH=5:1);IR(KBr):3459,2973,2936,1814,1730,1636,1610,1585,1514,1461,1380,1170,1111,1042cm-11H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):7.65–7.62(m,1H),7.51–7.48(m,2H),7.36–7.34(m,2H),7.26–7.22(m,5H),5.03–5.01(m,1H),4.95(s,1H),4.70-4.67(m,1H),4.45-4.43(m,3H),4.28-4.25(m,1H),3.87–3.84(m,3H),3.69–3.67(m,2H),3.61–3.59(m,2H),3.28–3.24(m,4H),3.18–3.15(m,2H),2.54–2.52(m,3H),2.31–2.26(m,6H),2.23(s,3H),2.12–2.10(m,2H),1.98(s,2H),1.87–1.83(m,3H),1.67-1.65(m,1H),1.57-1.54(m,2H),1.49-1.47(m,2H),1.37-1.35(m,1H),1.32-0.93(m,33H);MS(ESI)m/z calcd.for C57H88BrN5O161177.5;found(M+H+)1180.9. 
4"-O-[反式-β-(4-硝基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(4-甲氧基苄基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素(D6),淡黄色固体,收率:67.6%,mp134–138°C,TLC Rf=0.20(CH2Cl2:MeOH=5:1);IR(KBr):3341,2974,2938,1731,1635,1612,1517,1461,1382,1345,1172,1111,1039cm-1;1HNMR(600MHz,CDCl3):8.20-8.18(m,1H),7.76-7.71(m,1H),7.66(d,1H,J=7.8Hz),7.27-7.24(m,4H),7.23(d,1H,J=7.8Hz),6.89-6.87(m,2H),5.05-5.03(m,1H),4.96(s,1H),4.73-4.71(m,1H),4.50-4.47(m,3H),4.31-4.28(m,1H),3.89-3.86(m,3H),3.72-3.70(m,2H),3.59-3.57(m,2H),3.27-3.23(m,4H),3.19-3.17(m,2H),2.55–2.51(m,3H),2.32–2.24(m,6H),2.20(s,3H),2.15–2.13(m,2H),1.97(s,2H),1.85-1.82(m,3H),1.69-1.67(m,1H),1.59-1.56(m,2H),1.50-1.48(m,2H),1.39-1.38(m,1H),1.29-0.79(m,33H);MS(ESI)m/zcalcd.forC57H88N6O181144.6;found(M+H+)1146.1. 
4"-O-[反式-β-(2-甲氧基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(4-甲氧基苄基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素(D7),白色固体,收率:70.4%,mp143–147°C,TLC Rf=0.22(CH2Cl2:MeOH=5:1);IR(KBr):3463,2973,2836,1815,1732,1614,1514,1462,1381,1171,1110,1046cm-1;1HNMR(600MHz,CDCl3):7.97(d,1H,J=15.6Hz),7.47(d,2H,J=7.2Hz),7.36-7.33(m,2H),7.24(d,2H,J=7.2Hz),6.87-6.85(m,2H),6.59(d,1H,J=15.6Hz),5.07-5.05(m,1H),4.99(s,1H), 4.76-4.74(m,1H),4.55-4.52(m,3H),4.33-4.30(m,1H),3.87–3.85(m,6H),3.71–3.69(m,2H),3.57–3.55(m,2H),3.28–3.25(m,4H),3.21–3.18(m,2H),2.53–2.49(m,3H),2.31–2.25(m,6H),2.18(s,3H),2.14–2.11(m,2H),2.03(s,2H),1.87–1.85(m,3H),1.71–1.68(m,1H),1.57–1.55(m,2H),1.52–1.50(m,2H),1.41–1.39(m,1H),1.36–0.86(m,33H);MS(ESI)m/z calcd.forC58H91N5O171129.6;found(M+H+)1131.2. 
4"-O-[反式-β-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(4-甲氧基苄基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素(D8),白色固体,收率:66.2%,mp142–146°C,TLC Rf=0.25(CH2Cl2:MeOH=5:1);IR(KBr):3501,2974,2836,1813,1733,1630,1514,1463,1381,1168,1110,1040cm-1;1HNMR(600MHz,CDCl3):7.65–7.63(m,1H),7.22–7.16(m,3H),7.07–7.05(m,1H),6.88–6.83(m,4H),5.08–5.05(m,1H),4.96(s,1H),4.73-4.71(m,1H),4.52-4.48(m,3H),4.32-4.31(m,1H),3.83–3.81(m,9H),3.70–3.68(m,2H),3.55–3.53(m,2H),3.30–3.27(m,4H),3.22–3.20(m,2H),2.54–2.52(m,3H),2.32–2.26(m,6H),2.20–2.18(m,3H),2.13–2.09(m,2H),2.01–1.99(m,2H),1.85–1.83(m,3H),1.71–1.69(m,1H),1.58–1.56(m,2H),1.53–1.51(m,2H),1.42–1.40(m,1H),1.43–0.94(m,33H);MS(ESI)m/z calcd.for C59H93N5O181159.7;found(M+H+)1161.3. 
4"-O-(反式-β-苯基烯丙酰胺氨甲酰基)-11-O-[4-甲氧基(β-苯乙基)]氨甲酰基阿奇霉素(E1),白色固体,收率:65.4%,mp148–150°C,TLC Rf=0.24(CH2Cl2:MeOH=5:1);IR(KBr):3458,2937,1732,1635,1580,1513,1461,1380,1173,1040cm-1;1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):7.70(d,1H,J=15.6Hz),7.48–7.46(m,2H),7.36–7.35(m,3H),7.10(d,2H,J=8.4Hz),6.83(d,2H,J=8.4Hz),6.47(d,1H,J=15.6Hz),5.05–5.03(m,1H),4.97-4.95(m,1H),4.68(s,1H),4.46-4.40(m,3H),4.27-4.25(m,1H),3.83–3.81(m,3H),3.65–3.62(m,2H),3.55(s,2H),3.31–3.25(m,4H),3.19–3.16(m,2H),2.53–2.48(m,3H),2.27–2.21(m,6H),2.16–2.14(m,3H),2.09–2.07(m,2H),2.03(s,2H),1.87–1.81(m,3H),1.69–1.68(m,1H),1.55(s,2H),1.46–1.43(m,2H),1.39(s,1H),1.25–0.87(m,35H);MS(ESI)m/zcalcd.for C58H91N5O161113.6;found(M+H+)1115.0. 
4"-O-[反式-β-(2-呋喃)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-[4-甲氧基(β-苯乙基)]氨甲酰基阿奇霉素(E2),白色固体,收率:63.6%,mp136–139°C,TLC Rf=0.25(CH2Cl2:MeOH=5:1);IR(KBr):3337,2937,1813,1733,1635,1513,1462,1382,1337,1173,1111,1015cm-1;1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):7.47–7.45(m,2H),7.17–7.05(m,3H),6.89–6.81(m,4H),5.01-4.99(m,1H),4.90-4.88(m,1H),4.63-4.60(s,1H),4.42-4.36(m,3H),4.21-4.19(m,1H),3.85-3.82(m,3H),3.64-3.62(m,2H),3.57(s,2H),3.29-3.23(m,4H),3.17-3.15(m,2H),2.50–2.45(m,3H),2.25–2.19(m,6H),2.13–2.10(m,3H),2.05–2.03(m,2H),2.02-1.99(m,2H),1.85-1.80(m,3H),1.65-1.63(m,1H),1.53(s,2H),1.45-1.42(m,2H),1.37(s,1H),1.32-0.95(m,35H);MS(ESI)m/zcalcd.for C56H89N5O171103.6;found(M+H+)1105.5. 
4"-O-[反式-β-(2-噻吩)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-[4-甲氧基(β-苯乙基)]氨甲酰基阿奇霉素(E3),白色固体,收率:70.6%,mp143–145°C,TLC Rf=0.22(CH2Cl2:MeOH=5:1);IR(KBr):3336,2930,1810,1732,1611,1512,1462,1383,1175,1119,1035cm-1;1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):7.85-7.82(m,1H),7.66-7.65(m,1H),7.44-7.42(m,2H),7.29-7.26(m,2H),6.92-6.86(m,3H),5.03-5.01(m,1H),4.93-4.90(m,1H),4.66-4.64(m,1H),4.43-4.38(m,3H),4.23-4.21(m,1H),3.84-3.83(m,3H),3.62-3.60(m,2H),3.55(s,2H),3.27-3.22(m,4H),3.15-3.12(m,2H),2.53–2.49(m,3H),2.27–2.21(m,6H),2.11–2.08(m,3H),2.03–2.01(m,2H),1.99-1.96(m,2H),1.87-1.82(m,3H),1.66-1.64(m,1H),1.56(s,2H),1.47-1.44(m,2H),1.35(s,1H),1.27-0.90(m,35H);MS(ESI)m/z calcd.for C56H89N5O16S1119.6;found(M+H+)1121.0. 
4"-O-[反式-β-(4-氯苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-[4-甲氧基(β-苯乙基)]氨甲酰基阿奇霉素(E4),白色固体,收率:67.8%,mp149–151°C,TLC Rf=0.24(CH2Cl2:MeOH=5:1);IR(KBr):3323,2937,2835,1813,1732,1635,1612,1513,1461,1380,1340,1173,1111,1039 cm-1;1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):7.62(d,1H,J=15.6Hz),7.38(d,2H,J=9.0Hz),7.31(d,2H,J=9.0Hz),7.12(d,2H,J=8.4Hz),6.83(d,2H,J=8.4Hz),6.44(d,1H,J=15.6Hz),5.05–5.03(m,1H),4.97-4.95(m,1H),4.68(s,1H),4.46-4.40(m,3H),4.27-4.25(m,1H),3.83–3.81(m,3H),3.65–3.62(m,2H),3.55(s,2H),3.31–3.25(m,4H),3.19–3.16(m,2H),2.53–2.48(m,3H),2.27–2.21(m,6H),2.16–2.14(m,3H),2.09–2.07(m,2H),2.03(s,2H),1.87–1.81(m,3H),1.69–1.68(m,1H),1.55(s,2H),1.46–1.43(m,2H),1.39(s,1H),1.25–0.87(m,35H);MS(ESI)m/z calcd.for C58H90ClN5O161147.6;found(M+H+)1149.0. 
4"-O-[反式-β-(4-溴苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-[4-甲氧基(β-苯乙基)]氨甲酰基阿奇霉素(E5),白色固体,收率:71.3%,mp148–151°C,TLC Rf=0.24(CH2Cl2:MeOH=5:1);IR(KBr):3451,2965,1813,1728,1634,1613,1584,1513,1463,1381,1171,1121,1039,1013cm-1;1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):7.65–7.62(m,1H),7.49(d,2H,J=8.4Hz),7.45–7.42(m,2H),7.10(d,2H,J=8.4Hz),6.86–6.82(m,2H),6.47–6.44(m,1H),5.07–5.05(m,1H),4.91-4.89(m,1H),4.64-4.62(m,1H),4.41-4.36(m,3H),4.21-4.19(m,1H),3.84-3.83(m,3H),3.60–3.58(m,2H),3.54(s,2H),3.26–3.21(m,4H),3.14–3.11(m,2H),2.50–2.46(m,3H),2.25–2.19(m,6H),2.09–2.06(m,3H),2.01–1.97(m,2H),1.95–1.92(m,2H),1.85–1.80(m,3H),1.64-1.62(m,1H),1.53(s,2H),1.45–1.42(m,2H),1.36(s,1H),1.29–0.94(m,35H);MS(ESI)m/z calcd.forC58H90BrN5O161191.6;found(M+H+)1195.3. 
4"-O-[反式-β-(4-硝基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-[4-甲氧基(β-苯乙基)]氨甲酰基阿奇霉素(E6),淡黄色固体,收率:68.8%,mp139–141°C,TLC Rf=0.20(CH2Cl2:MeOH=5:1);IR(KBr):3338,2937,1812,1729,1637,1610,1582,1515,1462,1379,1345,1174,1113,1038cm-1;1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):8.23–8.21(m,2H),7.73–7.70(m,2H),7.64–7.62(m,2H),7.10(d,2H,J=8.4Hz),6.83(d,2H,J=8.4Hz),5.05–5.04(m,1H),4.93-4.90(m,1H),4.63-4.61(m,1H),4.43-4.39(m,3H),4.23-4.21(m,1H),3.83–3.80(m,3H),3.61–3.59(m,2H),3.55(s,2H),3.25–3.20(m,4H),3.15–3.13(m,2H),2.52–2.49(m,3H),2.27–2.20(m,6H),2.11–2.08(m,3H),2.02–1.99(m,2H),1.93–1.90(m,2H),1.84-1.81(m,3H),1.62–1.60(m,1H),1.50(s,2H),1.43–1.40(m,2H),1.37(s,1H),1.33–0.98(m,35H);MS(ESI)m/z calcd.for C58H90N6O181158.6;found(M+H+)1160.2. 
4"-O-[反式-β-(2-甲氧基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-[4-甲氧基(β-苯乙基)]氨甲酰基阿奇霉素(E7),白色固体,收率:61.4%,mp143–145°C,TLC Rf=0.28(CH2Cl2:MeOH=5:1);IR(KBr):3501,2975,2938,2837,1732,1615,1579,1513,1463,1398,1345,1175,1122,1025cm-1;1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):7.97(d,1H,J=15.6Hz),7.47–7.45(m,1H),7.16–7.13(m,3H),6.956.87(m,4H),6.61(d,1H,J=15.6Hz),5.03(s,1H),4.93(s,1H),4.60-4.58(m,1H),4.41-4.37(m,3H),4.21-4.19(m,1H),3.83-3.80(m,6H),3.59-3.57(m,2H),3.53(s,2H),3.23-3.19(m,4H),3.14-3.11(m,2H),2.50–2.47(m,3H),2.25–2.17(m,6H),2.09–2.06(m,3H),2.00-1.97(m,2H),1.91-1.88(m,2H),1.82-1.79(m,3H),1.60-1.59(m,1H),1.53-1.50(m,2H),1.45-1.43(m,2H),1.38(s,1H),1.31-0.91(m,35H);MS(ESI)m/z calcd.for C59H93N5O171143.7;found(M+H+)1145.2. 
4"-O-[反式-β-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-[4-甲氧基(β-苯乙基)]氨甲酰基阿奇霉素(E8),白色固体,收率:63.7%,mp141–143°C,TLC Rf=0.24(CH2Cl2:MeOH=5:1);IR(KBr):3343,2937,2835,1813,1732,1631,1584,1514,1462,1380,1339,1171,1113,1034cm-1;1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):7.66-7.62(m,1H),7.07-7.02(m,4H),6.86-6.81(m,4H),4.99-4.97(m,2H),4.58-4.56(m,1H),4.39-4.35(m,3H),4.19-4.17(m,1H),3.83-3.80(m,9H),3.57-3.55(m,2H),3.51(s,2H),3.26-3.22(m,4H),3.15-3.12(m,2H),2.52–2.49(m,3H),2.27–2.19(m,6H),2.11–2.08(m,3H),2.01-1.99(m,2H),1.91-1.89(m,2H),1.83-1.80(m,3H),1.61-1.60(m,1H),1.55-1.53(m,2H),1.47-1.44(m,2H),1.35-1.33(m,1H), 1.25–0.89(m,35H);MS(ESI)m/z calcd.for C60H95N5O181173.7;found(M+H+)1175.1. 
4"-O-[反式-β-(3,4,5-三甲氧基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-[4-甲氧基(β-苯乙基)]氨甲酰基阿奇霉素(E9),白色固体,收率:61.5%,mp141–145°C,TLC Rf=0.22(CH2Cl2:MeOH=5:1);IR(KBr):3326,2965,2934,1732,1631,1584,1513,1463,1383,1331,1171,1125,1037cm-1;1H NMR(600MHz,CDCl3):7.62–7.58(m,1H),7.12–7.10(m,2H),6.85–6.83(m,3H),6.74-6.72(m,2H),5.01-4.97(m,2H),4.57-4.55(m,1H),4.41-4.37(m,3H),4.21-4.20(m,1H),3.85–3.82(m,12H),3.59–3.57(m,2H),3.53–3.51(m,2H),3.28–3.23(m,4H),3.17–3.15(m,2H),2.54–2.51(m,3H),2.29–2.21(m,6H),2.13–2.09(m,3H),2.03–2.01(m,2H),1.93–1.91(m,2H),1.85–1.81(m,3H),1.63–1.62(m,1H),1.57–1.55(m,2H),1.49–1.46(m,2H),1.39–1.38(m,1H),1.34–0.82(m,35H);MS(ESI)m/z calcd.for C61H97N5O19 1203.7;found(M+H+)1205.2。 

Claims (10)

1.4”-O-(反式-β-芳基烯丙酰胺)氨基甲酰基阿奇霉素衍生物,具有通式(I)或(Ⅱ)的结构:
Figure FDA00001873309400011
其中,R1代表氢、乙酰基或苯甲酰基;R2代表苯基、取代苯基或芳杂环;R3代表苄基、取代苄基、β-苯乙基或取代β-苯乙基。
2.根据权利要求1所述的4"-O-(反式-β-芳基烯丙酰胺)氨基甲酰基阿奇霉素衍生物,其特征在于:所述R2代表苯基、2-呋喃基、2-噻吩基、4-氟苯基、2-氟苯基、4-氯苯基、4-溴苯基、4-氰基苯基、4-硝基苯基、2-甲氧基苯基、3,4-二甲氧基苯基或3,4,5-三甲氧基苯基;R3代表苄基、4-甲氧基苄基、β-苯乙基或4-甲氧基。
3.根据权利要求1所述的4"-O-(反式-β-芳基烯丙酰胺)氨基甲酰基阿奇霉素衍生物,其特征在于:所述具有通式(I)的结构的化合物是下列之一:
A1)4"-O-(反式-β-苯基烯丙酰胺)氨基甲酰基阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯;
A2)4"-O-[反式-β-(2-呋喃)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯;
A3)4"-O-[反式-β-(2-噻吩)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯;
A4)4"-O-[反式-β-(4-氟苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯;
A5)4"-O-[反式-β-(2-氟苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯;
A6)4"-O-[反式-β-(4-氯苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯;
A7)4"-O-[反式-β-(4-溴苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯;
A8)4"-O-[反式-β-(4-氰基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯;
A9)4"-O-[反式-β-(4-硝基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯;
A10)4"-O-[反式-β-(2-甲氧基苯基)烯丙酰胺]氨基甲酰基-阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯;
A11)4"-O-[反式-β-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)烯丙酰胺]氨基甲酰基-阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯;
A12)4"-O-[反式-β-(3,4,5-三甲氧基苯基)烯丙酰胺]氨基甲酰基-阿奇霉素11,12-环碳酸酯;
所述具有通式(Ⅱ)的结构的化合物是下列之一:
B1)4"-O-(反式-β-苯基烯丙酰胺氨甲酰基)-11-O-苄基氨甲酰基阿奇霉素;
B2)4"-O-[反式-β-(2-呋喃)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-苄基氨甲酰基阿奇霉素;
B3)4"-O-[反式-β-(2-噻吩)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-苄基氨甲酰基阿奇霉素;
B4)4"-O-[反式-β-(4-氯苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-苄基氨甲酰基阿奇霉素;
B5)4"-O-[反式-β-(4-溴苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-苄基氨甲酰基阿奇霉素;
B6)4"-O-[反式-β-(4-硝基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-苄基氨甲酰基阿奇霉素;
B7)4"-O-[反式-β-(2-甲氧基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-苄基氨甲酰基阿奇霉素;
B8)4"-O-[反式-β-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-苄基氨甲酰基阿奇霉素;
B9)4"-O-[反式-β-(3,4,5-三甲氧基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-苄基氨甲酰基阿奇霉素;
C1)4"-O-(反式-β-苯基烯丙酰胺氨甲酰基)-11-O-(β-苯乙基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素;
C2)4"-O-[反式-β-(2-呋喃)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(β-苯乙基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素;
C3)4"-O-[反式-β-(2-噻吩)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(β-苯乙基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素;
C4)4"-O-[反式-β-(4-氯苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(β-苯乙基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素;
C5)4"-O-[反式-β-(4-溴苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(β-苯乙基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素;
C6)4"-O-[反式-β-(4-硝基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(β-苯乙基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素;
C7)4"-O-[反式-β-(2-甲氧基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(β-苯乙基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素;
C8)4"-O-[反式-β-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(β-苯乙基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素;
D1)4"-O-(反式-β-苯基烯丙酰胺氨甲酰基)-11-O-(4-甲氧基苄基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素;D2)4"-O-[反式-β-(2-呋喃)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(4-甲氧基苄基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素;
D3)4"-O-[反式-β-(2-噻吩)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(4-甲氧基苄基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素;
D4)4"-O-[反式-β-(4-氯苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(4-甲氧基苄基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素;
D5)4"-O-[反式-β-(4-溴苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(4-甲氧基苄基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素;
D6)4"-O-[反式-β-(4-硝基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(4-甲氧基苄基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素;
D7)4"-O-[反式-β-(2-甲氧基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(4-甲氧基苄基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素;
D8)4"-O-[反式-β-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-(4-甲氧基苄基)氨甲酰基阿奇霉素;
E1)4"-O-(反式-β-苯基烯丙酰胺氨甲酰基)-11-O-[4-甲氧基(β-苯乙基)]氨甲酰基阿奇霉素;
E2)4"-O-[反式-β-(2-呋喃)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-[4-甲氧基(β-苯乙基)]氨甲酰基阿奇霉素;
E3)4"-O-[反式-β-(2-噻吩)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-[4-甲氧基(β-苯乙基)]氨甲酰基阿奇霉素;
E4)4"-O-[反式-β-(4-氯苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-[4-甲氧基(β-苯乙基)]氨甲酰基阿奇霉素;
E5)4"-O-[反式-β-(4-溴苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-[4-甲氧基(β-苯乙基)]氨甲酰基阿奇霉素;
E6)4"-O-[反式-β-(4-硝基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-[4-甲氧基(β-苯乙基)]氨甲酰基阿奇霉素;
E7)4"-O-[反式-β-(2-甲氧基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-[4-甲氧基(β-苯乙基)]氨甲酰基阿奇霉素;
E8)4"-O-[反式-β-(3,4-二甲氧基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-[4-甲氧基(β-苯乙基)]氨甲酰基阿奇霉素;
E9)4"-O-[反式-β-(3,4,5-三甲氧基苯基)烯丙酰胺氨基甲酰基]-11-O-[4-甲氧基(β-苯乙基)]氨甲酰基阿奇霉素。
4.权利要求1~3中任一项所述的4"-O-(反式-β-芳基烯丙酰胺)氨基甲酰基阿奇霉素衍生物的制备方法,其特征在于:
所述具有通式(I)的结构的化合物的制备方法为:步骤如下:
(1)对阿奇霉素的C-2'位上的羟基进行酰化保护:在无机或有机碱类存在下,以丙酮、乙酸乙酯、四氢呋喃或二氯甲烷作为溶剂,加入酰化试剂,在0~40℃的温度下反应3~24h,生成具有通式2的化合物;
(2)将通式2的化合物在惰性溶剂中,在无机或有机碱存在下,与N,N′-羰基二咪唑于0~110℃反应2~96h,生成具有通式3的化合物,通式2的化合物与CDI的摩尔比为1:1~1:6;
(3)将得到的通式3的化合物与水合肼在溶剂下于0~65℃反应0~6h,生成通式4的化合物;
(4)将反式R2-β-芳基烯丙酸加催化剂在四氢呋喃中于-30~15℃逐滴加入草酰氯,滴加完毕后继续反应10~150min,生成相应的酰氯;
(5)将通式4的化合物和无机碱用溶剂溶解后,于-40~45℃逐滴加入用四氢呋喃溶解的酰氯;滴加完毕后继续在相同温度下反应1~8h,通过蒸出溶剂、碱洗、萃取并分离有机层处理反应;将处理后得到的无色至淡黄色残留固体用低级醇溶解,于20~75℃反应4~25h,得通式I的衍生物;
所述具有通式(II)的结构的化合物的制备方法为:步骤如下:
将具有通式I的衍生物采用相应的芳香伯胺溶解,在有机碱的催化作用下在0~60℃的温度下反应24~120h,生成具有通式II的衍生物。
5.根据权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(1)中,反应结束之后,对反应体系进行如下处理:在碱介质中,在pH8.0~10.0下萃取,通过分离有机层并蒸干溶剂来分离得到产物;或者萃取之后,再通过丙酮-水重结晶或使用体积比为15:1的二氯甲烷-甲醇系统的硅胶柱层析进行纯化,得通式2的化合物。
6.根据权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(2)中,反应结束之后,对反应体系进行如下处理:通过丙酮-水重结晶或使用体积比为15:1的二氯甲烷-甲醇系统的硅胶柱层析进行纯化,得通式3的化合物。
7.根据权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(3)中,溶剂为N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、四氢呋喃、乙腈、或乙腈-水;通式3的化合物与水合肼的摩尔比为1:1.5;通式3的化合物与反应溶剂的用量比为1mmol:6mL;在室温条件下反应0.5h。
8.根据权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(5)中,无机碱为碳酸氢钠,通式4的化合物在0℃下与酰氯反应2h;处理反应后得到的无色至淡黄色残留固体用甲醇溶解,在55℃下搅拌反应12h。
9.根据权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述具有通式(II)的结构的化合物的制备方法中,具有通式I的衍生物与芳香伯胺的用量比为1mmol:4mL;有机碱为吡啶盐酸盐,具有通式I的衍生物与吡啶盐酸盐的摩尔用量比为1:3。
10.权利要求1~3中任一项所述的4"-O-(反式-β-芳基烯丙酰胺)氨基甲酰基阿奇霉素衍生物在制备治疗细菌感染性疾病的药物中的应用。
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