CN102717161A - Process for realizing soldering adjustability through surface porous structure - Google Patents
Process for realizing soldering adjustability through surface porous structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN102717161A CN102717161A CN2011101191939A CN201110119193A CN102717161A CN 102717161 A CN102717161 A CN 102717161A CN 2011101191939 A CN2011101191939 A CN 2011101191939A CN 201110119193 A CN201110119193 A CN 201110119193A CN 102717161 A CN102717161 A CN 102717161A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of soldering, and in particular relates to a process for realizing soldering adjustability through a surface porous structure, which is applicable to welding so as to meet the demand of soldering technology development. Blocky or thin-film state two-phase alloy, such as copper-ferrum alloy or copper-cobalt alloy is obtained by smelting or other methods, wherein the mass percentage of ferrum or cobalt element ranges from 20-80 percent. A three-dimensional through hole structure of copper can be obtained on the surface of alloy after being corroded for proper time, and excellent solderability to pure tin and tin alloy can be shown. The solderability of the surface porous structure can control process parameters of the thickness of a porous layer, temperature and the like by changing the microstructure of the alloy and adjusting the corrosion time, thus realizing regulation. The method can be applied to improvement and regulation on the solderability of a great deal of copper-based alloy, ferrum-based alloy, cobalt-based alloy and the like used in the electronic, electric and mechanical industries, thus achieving the effect of optimizing the process performances.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the soldering field, be specially and a kind ofly be applicable to welding and realize the adjustable technology of braze ability through the porous surface structure.
Background technology
Material will solve the problem of problem, the especially soldering of material connection usually in practical application.Soldering is a kind of ancient technology, is widely used in the connection between the mother metal; It requires mother metal for solder good brazing manufacturability will be arranged.The process of soldering is exactly to be higher than the solder fusing point, to be lower than under the temperature of mother metal fusing point, and liquid solder is filled the mother metal gap, dissolves each other and spreads with mother metal, solidifies the back and realizes the connection between part.So the key of brazing manufacturability quality is the wetability of solder on mother metal, concrete available liquid solder is sprawled speed, spreading area or contact angle in the mother metal wetting of surfaces and is waited and characterize.The wetting and spreading of liquid solder is fast more, and spreading area is big more, and contact angle is more little, and then mother metal is good more for the wetability of solder.Copper and alloy thereof, iron and alloy thereof and cobalt and alloy thereof are one of contemporary most important industrial materials owing to have good mechanics and physical property.For example, copper and acid bronze alloy are still wiring material and heat sink material in the most important integrated circuit so far because of its good electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity.And ferrous alloy is the maximum structural material of consumption in the industry, is widely used in manufacturing engineering structural member, machine components and various instruments etc.Cobalt-base alloys then is the high temperature alloy of a large amount of uses of aircraft industry.So find method to improve and regulate and control the braze ability of copper and acid bronze alloy, iron and ferrous alloy and cobalt and cobalt-base alloys, can improve its soldering processes performance, will have important industrial application value.
The wetability of material is except determining its soldering processes performance, or the basis of the stability of weld interface and bond strength, and can connect with adhesion work.Improve the wetability of material to solder, just can increase adhesion work, promptly the bond strength at interface will be improved between solder and mother metal.In general, improve the wetability of material, can improve the mechanical property of welding point.
In principle, free of contamination metal mother metal surface can both be wetting by liquid solder institute.And the regulation and control wetability can be through changing realizations such as surface energy of liquid, change surface of solids characteristic.For example, use under different solder flux or the reducing atmosphere, liquid metal can show different wetabilitys in substrate, and increases the roughness of substrate or add the wetability that the second different phase of wetability also can change system at the surface of solids.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide and a kind ofly be applicable to welding and realize the adjustable technology of braze ability through the porous surface structure; To improve and to regulate and control the braze ability of the materials of widely applying in the industry such as acid bronze alloy, ferrous alloy or cobalt-base alloys, satisfy the requirement of soldering tech development.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, technical scheme provided by the invention is following:
A kind of through the adjustable technology of porous surface structure realization braze ability, have three-dimensional through-hole structure through two-phase alloys being corroded the acquisition surface, solder is shown excellent and adjustable wetability.Can be like: liquid pure tin contact angle above that from being decreased to 0 ° about 23 ° of polish copper surface.
Among the present invention, the two-phase alloys surface obtains three-dimensional through-hole structure, and the thickness of three-dimensional through-hole structure is regulated according to etching time, can reach the 10-100 micron; Aperture and porosity by the composition of two-phase alloys with organize tiny degree to decide, the aperture is in micro-meter scale, porosity ranges 30-80%.
Among the present invention, two-phase alloys can prepare through electric arc melting, vacuum induction melting or other common method of smelting, also can obtain through methods such as plating or vapour depositions.
Among the present invention, alloy has very big composition range, and for example, the mass fraction of ferro element can be between 20-80% in the copper-iron alloy; The mass percent of cobalt element can be between 20-80% in the copper-cobalt alloy.
Among the present invention, two-phase alloys is the line and staff control with two phase compositions, like copper-iron alloy or copper-cobalt alloy etc.
Among the present invention, the porous surface structure is passed through alloy is corroded acquisition in acid solution, as uses volumetric concentration can obtain the porous surface layer of 10-100 micron thick in 5-40 minute as the methanol solution corrosion of the nitric acid of 5-15%.
Among the present invention, the porous surface structure all has good braze ability to solders such as pure tin or kamash alloys, can directly soldering on the porous surface structure.
Among the present invention,, further change corrosion depth and change brazing temperature through changing methods such as alloying component and setting rate to change microstructure, to change corrosive liquid concentration and etching time, thus the braze ability of controlled material.
The present invention has the following advantages:
1, technology provided by the present invention can improve and regulate and control the braze ability to solders such as pure tin and kamash alloys such as copper base and ferrous alloy, can show than the better braze ability in polishing fine copper surface.
2, technology provided by the present invention can be through changing the braze ability that alloy microscopic structure, corrosion depth and technological parameter come controlled material.
3, technology provided by the present invention does not relate to valuable element, and raw material sources are abundant, and are with low cost.
4, the alloy preparation that the present invention relates to is not high to equipment requirements, can under low-cost condition, produce high performance product.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the 67Cu33Fe alloy microscopic structure figure with the preparation of vacuum induction melting method.
Fig. 2 is the loose structure pattern of the copper on 67Cu33Fe surface after the selective corrosion.
Fig. 3 is the 50Cu50Co alloy microscopic structure figure with the preparation of vacuum induction melting method.
Fig. 4 is the loose structure pattern of the copper on 50Cu50Co surface after the selective corrosion.
Fig. 5 is the 31Cu69Fe alloy microscopic structure figure with the preparation of vacuum induction melting method.
Fig. 6 is the loose structure pattern of the copper on 31Cu69Fe surface after the selective corrosion.
Fig. 7 is liquid pure tin final spreading area 400 ℃ time the on 67Cu33Fe porous surface steel structure in high vacuum environment.
Fig. 8 is liquid pure tin final spreading area 400 ℃ time the on fine copper in high vacuum environment.
Fig. 9 is liquid pure tin final spreading area 360 ℃ time the on 67Cu33Fe porous surface steel structure in high vacuum environment.
Figure 10 is liquid pure tin final spreading area 360 ℃ time the on 31Cu69Fe porous surface steel structure in high vacuum environment.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
Prepare 67Cu33Fe alloy (weight percentage of Cu is 67%) with the vacuum induction melting method, with its rubbing down, with drying up after distilled water and the acetone, microscopic structure is seen Fig. 1.67Cu33Fe is put into the methanol solution that volumetric concentration is 10% nitric acid, as shown in Figure 2 in the loose structure of room temperature corrosion surface C u after 10 minutes.
In the present embodiment, copper iron two-phase alloys surface obtains three-dimensional through-hole structure, and the thickness of three-dimensional through-hole structure is 20 microns, and the aperture is in micro-meter scale, and porosity is 37%.
Embodiment 2:
Prepare 50Cu50Co alloy (weight percentage of Cu is 50%) with the vacuum induction melting method, with its rubbing down, with drying up after distilled water and the acetone, microscopic structure is seen Fig. 3.50Cu50Co is put into the methanol solution that volumetric concentration is 10% nitric acid, as shown in Figure 4 in the loose structure of room temperature corrosion surface C u after 10 minutes.
In the present embodiment, the three-dimensional through-hole structure of the same acquisition in copper cobalt two-phase alloys surface, the thickness of three-dimensional through-hole structure is about 20 microns, and the aperture is in micro-meter scale, and porosity is 54%.
Embodiment 3:
Prepare 31Cu69Fe alloy (weight percentage of Cu is 31%) with the vacuum induction melting method, with its rubbing down, with drying up after distilled water and the acetone, microscopic structure is seen Fig. 5.67Cu33Fe is put into the methanol solution that volumetric concentration is 10% nitric acid, as shown in Figure 6 in the loose structure of room temperature corrosion surface C u after 10 minutes.
In the present embodiment, copper iron two-phase alloys surface obtains three-dimensional through-hole structure, and the thickness of three-dimensional through-hole structure is 20 microns, and the aperture is in micro-meter scale, and porosity is 76%.
Embodiment 4
In ultravacuum (10
-5Pa) in the wetability tester, test liquid pure tin in the structural wetability of the 67Cu33Fe of embodiment 1 porous surface with sessile drop method.Experimental selection is heated to 400 ℃ of insulations 10 minutes with 5 ℃/minute from room temperature, and the wetting and spreading situation of the visible pure tin in cooling back is as shown in Figure 7.Can know that from Fig. 7 pure tin can very well wetting this loose structure, spreading area is big, and can obtain 0 ° apparent contact angle.
Comparative example 1:
Method with embodiment 4 is measured the wetability of pure tin on fine copper, sees Fig. 8.Can know that from Fig. 8 the spreading area of liquid pure tin on loose structure on the 67Cu33Fe is than big many of fine copper.
Embodiment 5:
Measure pure tin braze ability of 360 ℃ on the 67Cu33Fe of embodiment 1 porous surface structure with the method for embodiment 4, see Fig. 9.Can know that from Fig. 9 braze ability can be regulated and control according to experimental temperature.
Embodiment 6:
Measure pure tin braze ability of 360 ℃ on the 31Cu69Fe of embodiment 3 porous surface structure with the method for embodiment 4, see Figure 10.Can know that from Figure 10 braze ability can be regulated and control according to the loose structure microstructure.
The result shows; The present invention realizes that through the porous surface structure the adjustable technology of braze ability is applicable to welding; Obtain block or film attitude two-phase alloys through melting or additive method, like copper-iron alloy and copper-cobalt alloy, wherein the mass percent of ferro element or cobalt is between 20-80%.Such alloy can obtain the three-dimensional through-hole structure of certain thickness copper on the surface behind the excessive erosion appropriate time, and solders such as pure tin and ashbury metal are all shown good braze ability, and braze ability can be regulated and control according to temperature and loose structure microstructure.This technology can be applicable to improve and regulates and control the braze ability of a large amount of acid bronze alloy, ferrous alloy and cobalt-base alloys etc. that use in electric, electronics industry and mechanical industry, thereby reaches the effect of optimizing processing performance.
Claims (8)
1. one kind is passed through the adjustable technology of porous surface structure realization braze ability, it is characterized in that: have three-dimensional through-hole structure through two-phase alloys being corroded the acquisition surface; Two-phase alloys is copper-iron alloy or copper-cobalt alloy, and the mass fraction of ferro element is between 20-80% in the copper-iron alloy; The mass percent of cobalt element is between 20-80% in the copper-cobalt alloy.
2. realize the adjustable technology of braze ability according to claim 1 is described through the porous surface structure, it is characterized in that: the two-phase alloys surface obtains three-dimensional through-hole structure, and the thickness of three-dimensional through-hole structure is regulated according to etching time, thickness range 10-100 micron; Aperture and porosity by the composition of two-phase alloys with organize tiny degree to decide, the aperture is in micro-meter scale, porosity ranges 30-80%.
3. realize the adjustable technology of braze ability according to claim 1 is described through the porous surface structure, it is characterized in that: two-phase alloys prepares through electric arc melting, vacuum induction melting or common method of smelting; Perhaps, two-phase alloys is through electroplating or vapour deposition.
4. realize the adjustable technology of braze ability according to claim 1 is described through the porous surface structure, it is characterized in that: the porous surface structure is through corroding acquisition with alloy in acid solution.
5. realize the adjustable technology of braze ability according to claim 4 is described through the porous surface structure, it is characterized in that: use volumetric concentration can obtain the porous surface layer of 10-100 micron thick in 5-40 minute as the methanol solution corrosion of the nitric acid of 5-15%.
6. realize the adjustable technology of braze ability according to claim 1 is described through the porous surface structure; It is characterized in that: the porous surface structure shows excellent and adjustable wetability to solder, and liquid pure tin contact angle above that is from being decreased to 0 ° 23 ° of polish copper surface.
7. realize the adjustable technology of braze ability according to claim 1 is described through the porous surface structure; It is characterized in that: the porous surface structure has good braze ability to pure tin or kamash alloy solder, and pure tin or kamash alloy solder be directly soldering on the porous surface structure.
8. realize the adjustable technology of braze ability according to claim 7 is described through the porous surface structure; It is characterized in that: through changing alloying component and setting rate to change microstructure, to change corrosive liquid concentration and etching time; Further change corrosion depth and change brazing temperature, thus the braze ability of controlled material.
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| CN201110119193.9A CN102717161B (en) | 2011-05-10 | 2011-05-10 | Process for realizing soldering adjustability through surface porous structure |
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| CN201110119193.9A CN102717161B (en) | 2011-05-10 | 2011-05-10 | Process for realizing soldering adjustability through surface porous structure |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111014869A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-04-17 | 西安瑞福莱钨钼有限公司 | Vacuum welding method of molybdenum-based graphite |
| CN115106678A (en) * | 2022-07-13 | 2022-09-27 | 哈尔滨工业大学（深圳） | High-temperature composite brazing filler metal and preparation method and application thereof |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5178965A (en) * | 1992-02-14 | 1993-01-12 | Rockwell International Corporation | Uniform solder coating on roughened substrate |
| CN1053233C (en) * | 1993-04-05 | 2000-06-07 | 美克株式会社 | Agent for surface processing of copper and copper alloy |
-
2011
- 2011-05-10 CN CN201110119193.9A patent/CN102717161B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5178965A (en) * | 1992-02-14 | 1993-01-12 | Rockwell International Corporation | Uniform solder coating on roughened substrate |
| CN1053233C (en) * | 1993-04-05 | 2000-06-07 | 美克株式会社 | Agent for surface processing of copper and copper alloy |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111014869A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-04-17 | 西安瑞福莱钨钼有限公司 | Vacuum welding method of molybdenum-based graphite |
| CN111014869B (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2021-05-07 | 西安瑞福莱钨钼有限公司 | Vacuum welding method of molybdenum-based graphite |
| CN115106678A (en) * | 2022-07-13 | 2022-09-27 | 哈尔滨工业大学（深圳） | High-temperature composite brazing filler metal and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN102717161B (en) | 2014-09-03 |
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