CN102714945B - Method for quickly improving germination speed of coarse rice - Google Patents
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- CN102714945B CN102714945B CN201210223684.2A CN201210223684A CN102714945B CN 102714945 B CN102714945 B CN 102714945B CN 201210223684 A CN201210223684 A CN 201210223684A CN 102714945 B CN102714945 B CN 102714945B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for quickly improving the germination speed of coarse rice. The method comprises the following steps: centrifuging a rice raw material; and performing soaking-free alternating temperature germination on the coarse rice which is unshelled and separated through impact, wherein the coarse rice to be germinated is kept at the temperature of between 38 and 46 DEG C for 2 to 5 hours and is germinated at the temperature of between 28 and 36 DEG C. The method can obviously improve the germination speed of the coarse rice and shorten the germination time. Moreover, the method is easy to control and favorable for popularizing germinated coarse rice. When the method is used for producing the coarse rice, the production efficiency is greatly improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method that can improve brown rice germination speed.
Background technology
Rice is the main food of East Asia, Southeast Asia and South Asia region, and the world's average paddy gross annual output amount is at 5～600,000,000 tons.China is largest production and the country of consumption of rice, produces rice per year and is stabilized in 1.95 hundred million tons of left and right.But China's rice fabricated product is single for a long time, in addition people excessively pursue rice " essence " and " in vain " and make rice in fine finishining process, remove kind of a skin, aleurone layer and meter embryo, only retained endosperm part, this has just caused the waste of edible grain resource up to 10%～20%, is equivalent to discard every year 9600000 t high nutrients.If made the best use of everything, the increment of China's existing paddy resource only this item just will be over 1,000 hundred million yuan.Brown rice is comprised of kind of a skin, endosperm and plumule, and it not only contains rich in protein, fat, vitamin and mineral matter, but also the rare longevity factors such as glutathione peroxidase in very high vitamin E, linoleic acid and the food of enrichment physiologically active.So brown rice can reduce the wasting of resources of highed milled rice, yet the direct cooking of brown rice is edible fine and smooth, good to eat unlike rice, has the drawback that is difficult to cooking and bradymassesis.Brown rice after germinateing, organization softening, cooking is convenient, rice mouthfeel and rice that after being mixed with highed milled rice, cooking forms are as good as, and the nutritive value of sprouted unpolished rice is over sprouted unpolished rice not.Therefore, sprouted unpolished rice has huge development prospect, also can be increasing to the demand of sprouted unpolished rice on market, and to the research of sprouted unpolished rice technique, be the prerequisite that sprouted unpolished rice is promoted.
The brown rice germination time is the most critical factor that affects sprouted unpolished rice High-efficient Production and popularization thereof, and traditional brown rice production technology length consuming time, is difficult for controlling, and is unfavorable for the universal of sprouted unpolished rice.Use the present invention to produce brown rice, production efficiency improves greatly.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind ofly can significantly improve brown rice germination speed, shorten the method for germinating time.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: after paddy raw material is centrifugal, then by the brown rice after husking by impact separation, carry out nothing and soak alternating temperature and germinate; It is to make to keep 2-5h at 38～46 ℃, brown rice to be germinateed that described alternating temperature germinates, then germinates at 28～36 ℃.
Inventor finds by research, if in rice huller paddy process, deviates from the brown rice of husk after paddy raw material is carried out clashing into after centrifugal again, can effectively promote to shorten the germinating time of brown rice.In addition, if adopt again alternating temperature germination treatment, obtain the sprouted unpolished rice time used that germination rate reaches more than 90% and only need to reach 8-11h, greatly shortened the brown rice germination time.
The equipment of deviating from husk after paddy raw material is carried out clashing into after centrifugal again can adopt existing centrifugal husker, and certainly, inventor thinks simultaneously, and other equipment and devices that can reach centrifugal husking by impact separation are also same applicable.
Brown rice of the present invention, can be first after sterilization treatment after shelling separation, then carries out nothing and soak alternating temperature germination, to avoid brown rice to produce the situation of going mouldy in germination process.
Described sterilization treatment can be ozone sterilization, is about to brown rice to be germinateed and puts into the beaker that pure water is housed, and passes into ozone 5-30min.
Intensity of illumination in brown rice germination process of the present invention is preferably: brown rice is placed in not to i.e. 0～4000LX higher than 4000LX() germinate under light intensity.
Germination humidity of the present invention is controlled at 95-100%RH.
In germination process, in order to make germination condition there is controllability, brown rice is placed in to enclosure space, on the basis of controlled humidity, adopt and regularly take a breath every 1-3h, the duration of each ventilation is 5-15min.
Inventor finds that by research paddy raw material is in the process of shelling, if the brown rice germination speed that adopts centrifugal rice huller paddy to obtain obviously improves.
Implementation step of the present invention comprises:
(1) rice huller paddy, screening, selected: adopt centrifugal husker that paddy husking is separated, then through sub-sieve screening, the artificial selected refining brown rice of full embryo that obtains;
(2) ozone sterilization: brown rice to be germinateed is put into the beaker that pure water is housed, passed into ozone 5-30min(ozone amount: 200mg/ hour).
(3) adopt without soaking directly and germinate.
(4) alternating temperature germinates: simulating nature circle varying temperature environment, choose low temperature after first high temperature 2-5h (high temperature: 40-45 ℃, low temperature: 30-35 ℃) more than 90% stop germination until germination rate reaches, temperature accuracy is controlled at ± 1 ℃;
(5) humidity: germination humidity is controlled at 95-100%.
(6) intensity of illumination: brown rice is placed under 0～4000LX light intensity and germinates.
(7) regularly ventilation: adopt and regularly take a breath every 1-3h in germination process, 5-15min/ time.
(8) calculating of germinating time: after brown rice germination 6h, the terminal (bud reaches 0.5-1mm) of the brown rice germination providing according to Japanese agricultural province Food Research Inst., calculating germination rate per hour, until germination rate reaches more than 90% and record germinating time now.
Through said method, obtaining the sprouted unpolished rice time used that germination rate reaches more than 90% is 8-11h, than relevant references, reports
[1-3]shifted to an earlier date 16-40h.
List of references ［ 1-3 ］
[1] Ma Tao, Liu Lina, Sun Ping Xin. germinating process of brown rice optimization research [J]. food research and development, 2010, (06): 10-13.
[2] room Triprolidine Hydrochloride. the Study of optimization of sprouted unpolished rice [D]. China Agricultural University, 2006.
[3] Zheng Lianji, Zhou Lingguo, Feng Can, etc. the Study on Preparation Technology of brown rice germination [J]. grain processing, 2011,36 (1): 21-25.
In sum, the present invention a kind ofly can significantly improve brown rice germination speed, shortens the method for germinating time.And method of the present invention is easily controlled, be conducive to the universal of sprouted unpolished rice.Use the present invention to produce brown rice, production efficiency improves greatly.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of centrifugal husker.
Number in the figure: 1-centrifugal device, the outlet of 2-husk, 3-blower fan, the outlet of 4-brown rice, 5-mixture of paddy and husked rice, 6-dispersion device, 7-dividing plate (have another name called and impact circle).Detailed process is: rice clashes into dividing plate after the centrifugal device 1 of centrifugal husker is centrifugal, obtains the mixture of paddy and husked rice of husk initial gross separation, and enters fan house by dispersion device 6, by blower fan, husk is drawn to husk outlet 2, and brown rice by brown rice outlet 4 out.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described.Following examples are intended to illustrate the present invention rather than limitation of the invention further.
Embodiment 1
(1) rice variety: choose accurate two excellent 608 as experimental cultivar;
(2) rice huller paddy, screening, selected: employing be centrifugal husker, paddy kernel clashes into dividing plate and shells, then through sub-sieve screening, the artificial selected refining brown rice of full embryo that obtains;
(3) ozone sterilization: brown rice to be germinateed is put into the beaker that pure water is housed, passed into ozone 5min(ozone amount: 200mg/ hour).
(4) brown rice that paddy obtains after shelling, without immersion, is placed directly on germination paper and germinates.
(5) alternating temperature germinates: simulating nature circle varying temperature environment, and to choose low temperature after first high temperature 2h (high temperature: 40 ℃, low temperature: 30 ℃) until germination rate reaches and more than 90% stop germination, temperature accuracy is controlled at ± and 1 ℃;
(6) humidity: germination humidity is controlled at 95-100%.
(7) intensity of illumination: brown rice is placed under 1600LX light intensity and germinates.
(8) regularly ventilation: adopt and regularly take a breath every 1h in germination process, 5min/ time.
(9) calculating of germinating time: after brown rice germination 6h, the terminal of the brown rice germination providing according to Japanese agricultural province Food Research Inst., calculating germination rate per hour, until germination rate reaches more than 90% and record germinating time now.
Through said method, obtaining the sprouted unpolished rice time used that germination rate reaches more than 90% is 8h.
(1) rice variety: choose No. 2, star as experimental cultivar;
(2) rice huller paddy, screening, selected: employing be centrifugal husker, paddy kernel clashes into dividing plate and shells, then through sub-sieve screening, the artificial selected refining brown rice of full embryo that obtains;
(3) ozone sterilization: brown rice to be germinateed is put into the beaker that pure water is housed, passed into ozone 15min(ozone amount: 200mg/ hour).
(4) brown rice that paddy obtains after shelling, without immersion, is placed directly on germination paper and germinates.
(5) alternating temperature germinates: simulating nature circle varying temperature environment, and to choose low temperature after first high temperature 3h until germination rate reaches and more than 90% stop germination (high temperature: 42 ℃, low temperature: 32 ℃), temperature accuracy is controlled at ± and 1 ℃;
(6) humidity: germination humidity is controlled at 95-100%.
(7) intensity of illumination: brown rice is placed under 3200LX light intensity and germinates.
(8) regularly ventilation: adopt and regularly take a breath every 2h in germination process, 10min/ time.
(9) calculating of germinating time: after brown rice germination 6h, according to the terminal of brown rice germination in GB/T18810-2002, calculating germination rate per hour, until germination rate reaches more than 90% and record germinating time now.
Through said method, obtaining the sprouted unpolished rice time used that germination rate reaches more than 90% is 11h.
(1) rice variety: choose No. 13, accurate Hunan Xian in evening as experimental cultivar;
(2) rice huller paddy, screening, selected: adopt centrifugal husker, paddy kernel clashes into dividing plate and shells, then through sub-sieve screening, the artificial selected refining brown rice of full embryo that obtains;
(3) ozone sterilization: brown rice to be germinateed is put into the beaker that pure water is housed, passed into ozone 30min(ozone amount: 200mg/ hour).
(4) brown rice that paddy obtains after shelling, without immersion, is placed directly on germination paper and germinates.
(5) alternating temperature germinates: simulating nature circle varying temperature environment, and to choose low temperature after first high temperature 4h (high temperature: 45 ℃, low temperature: 35 ℃) until germination rate reaches and more than 90% stop germination, temperature accuracy is controlled at ± and 1 ℃;
(6) humidity: germination humidity is controlled at 95-100%.
(7) intensity of illumination: brown rice is placed under 4000LX light intensity and germinates.
(8) regularly ventilation: adopt and regularly take a breath every 3h in germination process, 15min/ time.
(9) calculating of germinating time: after brown rice germination 6h, the terminal of the brown rice germination providing according to Japanese agricultural province Food Research Inst., calculating germination rate per hour, until germination rate reaches more than 90% and record germinating time now.
Through said method, obtaining the sprouted unpolished rice time used that germination rate reaches more than 90% is 9h.
(1) rice variety: choose accurate two excellent 608 as experimental cultivar;
(2) rice huller paddy, screening, selected: employing be that the Anhui bright rice machine (SN88P) that the agency of granary agricultural science and technology Co., Ltd produces all over the world (this aquatic foods rice machine is by the paddy paddy of hulling, and directly obtains fresh rice after husk rice operation) the present embodiment only need adopt the rice huller paddy part in its machine; Implementation process is: paddy enters centrifugal device from charging aperture, through centrifugation accelerates, paddy enters at a high speed and impacts circle, clash into dividing plate and shell, the rough mixture of shell is separated due to wind action in the process falling, and mixture of paddy and husked rice falls on an automatic rice screener, thereby unhulled paddy is separated with brown rice, then from machine intimate with improper taking-up brown rice, no longer through the rice milling process of this machine.Then through sub-sieve screening, the artificial selected refining brown rice of full embryo that obtains;
(3) ozone sterilization: brown rice to be germinateed is put into the beaker that pure water is housed, passed into ozone 5min(ozone amount: 200mg/ hour).
(4) brown rice that paddy obtains after shelling, without immersion, is placed directly on germination paper and germinates.
(5) alternating temperature germinates: simulating nature circle varying temperature environment, and to choose low temperature after first high temperature 2h (high temperature: 40 ℃, low temperature: 30 ℃) until germination rate reaches and more than 90% stop germination, temperature accuracy is controlled at ± and 1 ℃;
(6) humidity: germination humidity is controlled at 95-100%.
(7) intensity of illumination: brown rice is placed under 1600LX light intensity and germinates.
(8) regularly ventilation: adopt and regularly take a breath every 1h in germination process, 5min/ time.
(9) calculating of germinating time: after brown rice germination 6h, the terminal of the brown rice germination providing according to Japanese agricultural province Food Research Inst., calculating germination rate per hour, until germination rate reaches more than 90% and record germinating time now.
Through said method, obtaining the sprouted unpolished rice time used that germination rate reaches more than 90% is 8.5h, compares with embodiment 1, has differed from 0.5h, no significant difference.
(1) rice variety: choose No. 2, star as experimental cultivar;
(2) rice huller paddy, screening, selected: employing be the check type rubber roll husker that Taizhou Liang Yi factory produces, utilize the poor principle of rubber roll linear speed and shell, then through sub-sieve screening, the artificial selected refining brown rice of full embryo that obtains;
(3) ozone sterilization: brown rice to be germinateed is put into the beaker that pure water is housed, passed into ozone 15min(ozone amount: 200mg/ hour).
(4) brown rice that paddy obtains after shelling, without immersion, is placed directly on germination paper and germinates.
(5) alternating temperature germinates: simulating nature circle varying temperature environment, and to choose low temperature after first high temperature 3h until germination rate reaches and more than 90% stop germination (high temperature: 42 ℃, low temperature: 32 ℃), temperature accuracy is controlled at ± and 1 ℃;
(6) humidity: germination humidity is controlled at 95-100%.
(7) intensity of illumination: brown rice is placed under 3200LX light intensity and germinates.
(8) regularly ventilation: adopt and regularly take a breath every 2h in germination process, 10min/ time.
(9) calculating of germinating time: after brown rice germination 6h, the terminal of the brown rice germination providing according to Japanese agricultural province Food Research Inst., calculating germination rate per hour, until germination rate reaches more than 90% and record germinating time now.
Through said method, obtaining the sprouted unpolished rice time used that germination rate reaches more than 90% is 14h, than embodiment more than 2 3h.
Experimental example 6
(1) rice variety: choose No. 13, accurate Hunan Xian in evening as experimental cultivar;
(2) rice huller paddy, screening, selected: adopt centrifugal husker, paddy kernel clashes into dividing plate and shells, then through sub-sieve screening, the artificial selected refining brown rice of full embryo that obtains;
(3) ozone sterilization: brown rice to be germinateed is put into the beaker that pure water is housed, passed into ozone 30min(ozone amount: 200mg/ hour).
(4) brown rice that paddy obtains after shelling, without immersion, is placed directly on germination paper and germinates.
(5) constant temperature germinates: to choose that 35 ℃ of constant temperature germinate until germination rate reaches and more than 90% stop germination, and temperature accuracy is controlled at ± and 1 ℃;
(6) humidity: germination humidity is controlled at 95-100%.
(7) intensity of illumination: brown rice is placed under 4000LX light intensity and germinates.
(8) regularly ventilation: adopt and regularly take a breath every 3h in germination process, 15min/ time.
(9) calculating of germinating time: after brown rice germination 6h, the terminal of the brown rice germination providing according to Japanese agricultural province Food Research Inst., calculating germination rate per hour, until germination rate reaches more than 90% and record germinating time now.
Through said method, obtaining the sprouted unpolished rice time used that germination rate reaches more than 90% is 11h, than embodiment more than 3 2h.
Experimental example 7
(1) rice variety: choose accurate yellow China sticky as experimental cultivar;
(2) rice huller paddy, screening, selected: adopt centrifugal husker, paddy kernel clashes into dividing plate and shells, then through sub-sieve screening, the artificial selected refining brown rice of full embryo that obtains;
(3) ozone sterilization: brown rice to be germinateed is put into the beaker that pure water is housed, passed into ozone 30min(ozone amount: 200mg/ hour).
(4) brown rice that paddy obtains after shelling, without immersion, is placed directly on germination paper and germinates.
(5) alternating temperature germinates: simulating nature circle varying temperature environment, and to choose low temperature after first high temperature 2h (high temperature: 45 ℃, low temperature: 35 ℃) until germination rate reaches and more than 90% stop germination, temperature accuracy is controlled at ± and 1 ℃;
(6) humidity: germination humidity is controlled at 95-100%.
(7) intensity of illumination: brown rice is placed in without luminous environment and germinates.
(8) regularly ventilation: adopt and regularly take a breath every 2h in germination process, 15min/ time.
(9) calculating of germinating time: after brown rice germination 6h, the terminal of the brown rice germination providing according to Japanese agricultural province Food Research Inst., calculating germination rate per hour, until germination rate reaches more than 90% and record germinating time now.
Through said method, obtaining the sprouted unpolished rice time used that germination rate reaches more than 90% is 12h, with the time no significant difference used that germinates under 4000LX.
Claims (5)
1. a method that improves fast brown rice germination speed: after paddy raw material is centrifugal, then carry out nothing immersion alternating temperature by the brown rice after husking by impact separation and germinate; It is to make to keep 2-5h at 38～46 ℃, brown rice to be germinateed that described alternating temperature germinates, then germinates at 28～36 ℃; In brown rice germination process, intensity of illumination is: under 0～4000LX light intensity, germinate, germination humidity is controlled at 95-100%RH; Brown rice is placed in to enclosure space, on the basis of controlled humidity, adopts and regularly take a breath every 1-3h, the duration of each ventilation is 5-15min.
2. method according to claim 1, brown rice, after shelling separation, first after sterilization treatment, then carries out nothing and soaks alternating temperature germination.
3. method according to claim 2, described sterilization treatment is ozone sterilization, is about to brown rice to be germinateed and puts into pure water is housed, and passes into ozone 5-30min.
4. method according to claim 1, comprises the following steps
(1) rice huller paddy, screening, selected: adopt centrifugal husker that paddy husking is separated, then through sub-sieve screening, the artificial selected refining brown rice of full embryo that obtains;
(2) ozone sterilization: brown rice to be germinateed is put into the beaker that pure water is housed, passed into ozone 5-30min;
(3) adopt without soaking directly and germinate;
(4) alternating temperature germinates: choose low temperature after first high temperature 2-5h; Described high temperature is 40-45 ℃, low temperature: 30-35 ℃; Until reaching more than 90%, germination rate stops germinateing, temperature accuracy is controlled at ± and 1 ℃;
(5) humidity: germination humidity is controlled at 95-100%;
(6) intensity of illumination: brown rice is placed under 0～4000LX light intensity and germinates;
(7) regularly ventilation: adopt and regularly take a breath every 1-3h in germination process, 5-15min/ time.
5. according to the method described in claim 1-4 any one, what after clashing into after centrifugal, deviate from that the equipment of husk adopts is centrifugal husker again.
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| CN103478608B (en) * | 2013-09-04 | 2014-11-12 | 中南林业科技大学 | Pretreatment method for improving germination rate of brown rice |
| CN104171978B (en) * | 2014-07-02 | 2016-08-24 | 四川谷黄金集团有限公司 | A kind of method utilizing fresh wet Oryza glutinosa to produce sprout brown rice |
| CN111938082A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2020-11-17 | 江苏鼎丰生态农业发展有限公司 | Preparation method of germinated brown rice |
| CN116420451B (en) * | 2023-05-09 | 2023-11-24 | 山东常林机械集团股份有限公司 | Multifunctional seeder |
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