CN102713067A

CN102713067A - Rail fasteners

Info

Publication number: CN102713067A
Application number: CN2010800605875A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李光泽; 王东华
Original assignee: Lord Corp
Current assignee: Lord Corp
Priority date: 2010-01-08
Filing date: 2010-01-08
Publication date: 2012-10-03
Anticipated expiration: 2030-01-08
Also published as: CN102713067B; WO2011082540A1; CN107366202A; JP2013516559A; CN107366202B; KR20120112771A

Abstract

A rail fasteners (10) for mounting a rail to a support foundation are provided. The rail fastener includes a bottom plate (30) for engaging the support foundation, and a top plate (20) with a rail-mounting member for engaging the rail. A first elastomeric body (40) between the top plate and the bottom plate supports the top plate on the bottom plate. The rail fastener further includes at least one pressing member (50) for pressing the top plate towards the bottom plate or pressing the bottom plate towards the top plate. The rail fastener has a relatively low overall spring rate while maintaining a reasonable deflection range. The rail fastener also has a relatively small overall size and a simple structure, while has triple effective spring rates.

Description

The rail securing member

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of rail is fixed on the rail securing member on the railway roadbed, relate in particular at the rail securing member that has the resilience elastic layer up and down between two backing plates.

Goal of the invention

Therefore, the objective of the invention is to solve at least one problem or a plurality of problem that proposes in the prior art.Especially, the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of rail securing member that between last lower bolster, has the resilience elastic layer, have multistage effective stiffness factor (spring rate).Bottom line, the present invention provides a kind of selection of practicality for the public.

Summary of the invention

Correspondingly, the invention provides a kind of rail securing member, in order to rail to be installed on railway roadbed.Rail extends along first direction.The rail securing member comprises the upper padding plate that is used for the lower bolster that agrees with railway roadbed and has the rail installation component that is used for agreeing with rail.First cushion is between upper padding plate and lower bolster, in order on lower bolster, to support upper padding plate.This rail securing member also comprises at least one pressing element, in order to upper padding plate is pressed to lower bolster, perhaps lower bolster is pressed to upper padding plate.

Preferably, pressing element is pressed to upper padding plate lower bolster or lower bolster is pressed to upper padding plate through second cushion.Second cushion is between upper padding plate and pressing element, perhaps between lower bolster and pressing element.

Alternatively, pressing element is pressed to lower bolster with upper padding plate.

Advantageously, it is terminal that upper padding plate has two opposite upper padding plates, and two opposite upper padding plates are terminal along the second direction layout perpendicular to first direction, and in corresponding two opposite upper padding plate ends, pressing element is pressed to lower bolster with upper padding plate.

Preferably, two opposite upper padding plate ends are about being parallel to the straight line biasing of second direction.More preferably, lower bolster has two opposite lower bolsters ends arranging along second direction, and said two opposite lower bolster ends are about being parallel to the straight line biasing of second direction.More preferably, lower bolster is configured as and can holds upper padding plate.

Replacedly, two opposite upper padding plate ends are arranged on the straight line parallel with second direction.

Advantageously, pressing element and two opposite lower bolster ends agree with respectively.More preferably, the lower bolster end that pressing element is opposite with each is by bolt.

Preferably, two opposite upper padding plates are terminal respectively rectangular naturally, and its length is on first direction, and second cushion covers above-mentioned length fully.

Alternatively, two opposite upper padding plates are terminal respectively rectangular naturally, and its width is on second direction, and second cushion covers the part of above-mentioned width.

Preferably, two opposite upper padding plate ends all are circular separately, and have side face, and second cushion covers above-mentioned side face fully.

Preferably, upper padding plate has the upper padding plate bottom surface of the backing plate that faces down, and whole described upper padding plate bottom surface is provided with first cushion.Interchangeable, a part of said upper padding plate bottom surface is provided with first cushion, and perhaps, whole said upper padding plate bottom surface all is not provided with first cushion.

Another aspect of the present invention provides a kind of rail securing member, and in order to rail is installed on the railway roadbed, rail extends along first direction, and above-mentioned rail securing member comprises:

Be used for the lower bolster that agrees with railway roadbed;

Upper padding plate; It has and is used for the rail installation component that agrees with rail; It is terminal that said upper padding plate has two opposite upper padding plates; Two opposite upper padding plates are terminal along the second direction layout perpendicular to first direction, and two opposite upper padding plate ends are about being parallel to the straight line biasing of second direction;

First cushion is between upper padding plate and lower bolster, in order on lower bolster, to support upper padding plate;

It is characterized in that: said lower bolster has two opposite lower bolsters ends arranging along second direction, and said two opposite lower bolster ends are about the straight line biasing parallel with second direction.

Another aspect of the present invention provides a kind of rail system that comprises above-mentioned rail securing member.

Another aspect of the present invention provides a kind of rail is installed in the method on the railway roadbed.Rail extends along first direction.A kind of rail securing member is provided, and this rail securing member comprises:

Lower bolster is in order to agree with railway roadbed;

Upper padding plate, it has the rail installation component in order to agree with rail;

First cushion is between upper padding plate and lower bolster, in order on lower bolster, to support upper padding plate.

At least one pressing element is in order to press to upper padding plate lower bolster or lower bolster is pressed to upper padding plate.

Rail is agreed with on upper padding plate.

Another aspect of the present invention provides a kind of method of making the rail securing member, and this rail securing member is in order to be installed in rail on the railway roadbed.Rail extends along first direction.Lower bolster is provided, in order to agreeing with railway roadbed, and, first cushion is set on lower bolster.Then upper padding plate is installed on the lower bolster, the cushion of winning is between upper padding plate and the lower bolster, play the effect of on lower bolster, supporting upper padding plate.Upper padding plate has the rail installation component, in order to agree with rail.Provide at least one pressing element that upper padding plate is pressed to lower bolster then, perhaps lower bolster is pressed to upper padding plate.

Description of drawings

Below, through with illustrative mode the preferred embodiments of the present invention being described with reference to accompanying drawing,

Wherein:

Fig. 1 is the various views of the first example rail securing member;

Fig. 2 is the axonometric drawing of (not containing rail) of the rail securing member shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is another example rail securing member with different upper padding plate designs;

Fig. 4 is the process that pressing element is installed on the rail securing member shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is the replaceable design that another kind is used for the pressing element and the lower bolster of rail securing member;

Fig. 6 is that cushion is at the upper padding plate of rail securing member and the diagrammatic sketch between the lower bolster;

Fig. 7 illustrates through the performance data of modeling/prediction being carried out the vertical rigidity (vertical stiffness) of the rail securing member of the present invention that finite element analysis draws, and this rail securing member has effective multistage sectional stiffness factor;

Fig. 8 is the another kind of alternative design that is used for the upper padding plate and the lower bolster of rail securing member;

Fig. 9 is the rail securing member of another example;

Figure 10 is the rail securing member of another example;

Figure 11 is a kind of alternative rail securing member, and wherein pressing element is pressed to lower bolster

Upper padding plate.

The specific embodiment

Below, with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described with the mode of example.Following table 1 is component

Name list is so that easily with reference to the drawing reference numeral in the accompanying drawing.

Drawing reference numeral	Describe
		10	The rail securing member
12	Rail
		20	Upper padding plate
22	Rail agrees with member
		24	Upper padding plate is terminal
30	Lower bolster
		32	Railway roadbed agrees with member
34	Lower bolster is terminal
		40	First cushion
42	First cushion is terminal
		44	The first cushion sidepiece
50	Pressing element
		60	Second cushion
70	Pressing element keep part

Table 1

The object of the invention, characteristics and object all are contained in the following description or are obvious.Concerning those of ordinary skills, the discussion of this part should be understood that it only is a kind of description to embodiment, the content that can not be defined as the scope of aspect involved in the present invention among the embodiment to be mentioned.

Fig. 1 to Fig. 3 shows a kind of rail securing member 10 of example.Rail securing member 10 has upper padding plate 20, and upper padding plate 20 comprises that rail agrees with member (fastener) 22, and rail 12 agrees with member 22 with this rail and agrees with.It can be various well known devices that rail agrees with member 22, includes but not limited to railway clamp, stacking (mound) and Pan Deluoer fastener.Among Fig. 1, upper padding plate 20 is formed by solid piece, and in Fig. 3, upper padding plate 20 is hollow.Rail securing member 10 has lower bolster 30, and in order to engage with railway roadbed (can be ground), joint can use multiple known mechanical device, includes but not limited to lug pin and screw.Upper padding plate 20 can be formed by the material of any appropriate with lower bolster 30, comprises cast iron or steel, ductile iron (spheroidal graphite iron).

First cushion 40 is between upper padding plate 20 and lower bolster 30; It can be cured in upper padding plate 20 and lower bolster 30; Perhaps can as described in the WO 2005/108675A1, suitably be configured as and be similar to cover (boot); Make upper padding plate 20, lower bolster 30 and first cushion 40 not through over cure or utilize under the situation of conventional brace and keep together, the content about this shaping in this patent documentation is incorporated this paper into way of reference.First cushion 40 can be processed with any suitable natural elastomer or synthetic elastomer.As shown in Figure 6, first cushion 40 can surround the whole side of upper padding plate 20 through the first cushion sidepiece 44, and perhaps, if necessary, the first cushion sidepiece 44 among Fig. 6 can omit.Preferably, cushion and backing plate solidify bonding, and backing plate and elastic body preferably can combine through the sulfuration curing molding in mould.Preferably, elastic body and metal caul is bonding with elastic body to the adhesive of metal.

To shown in Figure 5, at least one pressing element 50 is set like Fig. 1 in order to upper padding plate is pressed to lower bolster.Shown in figure 11, another kind of optional scheme is to utilize pressing element 50 that lower bolster 30 is pressed to upper padding plate.Unexpected discovery, through the pressurization of pressing element 50, rail securing member of the present invention has effective multistage sectional stiffness factor, and is as shown in Figure 7.Therefore, rail securing member of the present invention can provide additional cushioning effect minimum so that its influence is reduced to the nuisance vibration of different frequency, and, be applicable to various operating modes, for example deflection control, normal operation and extreme case.

Shown in the H-H cross section of the A-A cross section of Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, upper padding plate 20 has two opposite upper padding plates of arranging along second direction terminal 24.Second direction is substantially perpendicular to first direction, promptly perpendicular to the bearing of trend of rail 12.At two terminal 24 places of opposite upper padding plate, be provided with corresponding pressing element 50, in order to through second cushion 60 upper padding plate 20 is pushed to lower bolster 30, second cushion 60 is between upper padding plate and each pressing element.To shown in Figure 5, second cushion 60 can be integral with first cushion 40 like Fig. 3; Perhaps, second cushion 60 can be opened with first cushion in 40 minutes, like Fig. 1, Fig. 9 and shown in Figure 10.Under the situation of a kind of (two cushions separately) of back, as required, the formation material of second cushion 60 can be different with the material of first cushion 40, to obtain the different effective stiffness factor.Second cushion is optional, but for better electrical separation (electric isolation), recommends to use this bed course.

Fig. 4 illustrates pressing element 50 is installed in the detailed process above the upper padding plate terminal 24.(in the step 1), before applying pressing element 50, upper padding plate 20 can have height g together with first cushion 40 and second cushion 60, and as shown in Figure 4, above-mentioned height g is higher than the height a of lower bolster 30 in the 1st step.In the 2nd step (step 2), pressing element 50 is arranged on second cushion 60, exerts pressure then, make upper padding plate 20 equal the height of lower bolster together with the height of first cushion 40 and second cushion 60.Yet; It should be noted that; As long as upper padding plate 20 is pressed to lower bolster 30 across second cushion 60; That is, after pushing upper padding plate 20 through pressing element 50, make upper padding plate 20 should be the value less than g together with the height of first cushion 40 and second cushion 60, rail securing member 10 of the present invention just can use.

Fig. 5 has shown another kind of optional pressing element 50, and it presss from both sides form for the U type and lower bolster agrees with.Be different from the example among Fig. 4, before applying pressing element 50, upper padding plate 20 has height g together with first cushion 40 and second cushion 60, and this highly is lower than the height of lower bolster 30.Yet the pressing element 50 among Fig. 5 still can be pressed to lower bolster 30 with upper padding plate 20 through compensating this difference in height.

Pressing element 50 preferably can be kept part 70 by pressing element and remain in the position of exerting pressure, and for example, utilization can be installed in the bolt on the rail securing member 10 expediently.Yet, can keep under the situation of relative position on the rail securing member at pressing element 50, this pressing element is kept part 70 and can be omitted.For example, have the bolt that increases bolt head and can realize dual-use function, both can push upper padding plate, can keep again from the position on the rail securing member.As optional scheme, the U-shaped folder among Fig. 5 also can be realized such purpose.

Among Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, two upper padding plates terminal 24 shape separately all is a rectangle roughly, and second cushion 60 has covered whole length of rectangle upper padding plate terminal 24 fully along the rail bearing of trend.Yet second cushion 60 also can only cover a part of above-mentioned length.Fig. 9 illustrates optional embodiment, and wherein second elastic layer 60 has only covered the upper padding plate end along the horizontal a part of width of rail.Figure 10 is an another embodiment of the present invention, and wherein upper padding plate terminal 24 is circular and has side face, and second cushion 60 has covered whole peripheral surface.

To shown in Figure 3, pressing element 50 does not need to cover fully second cushion 60 like Fig. 1, and in some special embodiment such as Fig. 9 and Figure 10, it is preferred covering second elastic layer 60 fully.

Should be noted that and only upper padding plate 20 to be pressed to lower bolster 30, perhaps lower bolster 30 is pressed to upper padding plate 20 with a pressing element 50.As required, pressing element 50 also can be pushed the middle part of upper padding plate 20 for example or lower bolster 30.For pressing element 50, at upper padding plate terminal 24 or upper padding plate 20 is pushed at terminal 34 places of lower bolster or lower bolster 30 is not to be necessary.Further, as required, pressing element 50 can only be pushed one of them of upper padding plate terminal 24, and perhaps one of them of lower bolster terminal 34 perhaps pushed what its suitable position in office.Pressing element 50 can directly be pushed upper padding plate 20 or lower bolster 30 (being that pressing element 50 directly caters to upper padding plate 20 or lower bolster 30); Perhaps; Push upper padding plate 20 or lower bolster 30 (through second cushion 60 or any other suitable ingredient, for example rail agrees with member 22) indirectly.

To embodiment shown in Figure 3, lower bolster 30 has the recess of band inclined side at Fig. 1, terminal 24 complementations of this recess and upper padding plate.This characteristic is optional, and is as shown in Figure 4, and above-mentioned side can be vertical, and this is preferred alternate embodiments.

Fig. 1 to embodiment illustrated in fig. 3 and Fig. 9 to embodiment shown in Figure 10 in, two opposite upper padding plates terminal 24 of upper padding plate 20 are about the straight line biasing laterally parallel with rail.Because rail transversely has a bigger projected area, so have the deflection that the terminal rail securing member of biasing upper padding plate can be resisted side direction better, this helps to keep gauge.Similarly, two opposite lower bolsters terminal 34 also can be about the straight line biasing laterally parallel with rail in the lower bolster.One of benefit of this arrangement is that the rail securing member can agree with still less lug pin and ground, has for example used 2 shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 3 among the embodiment, can reduce the overall dimensions of rail securing member like this.Preferably, lower bolster 30 is configured as and can holds upper padding plate 20, and it is terminal that wherein both have corresponding biasing.Yet, also can sacrifice the size advantage and adopt terminal upper padding plate of biasing and the terminal lower bolster of biasing.

Fig. 8 is the design scheme of what is called of the present invention " conllinear (in-line) ", and in this scheme, two opposite ends 24 of upper padding plate 20 and two opposite ends 34 of lower bolster 30 are arranged on the straight line that crosses rail.

The whole bottom of upper padding plate 20 can be furnished with first cushion.Perhaps in the upper padding plate 20 only a part be furnished with first cushion.If any requiring, the whole bottom of upper padding plate 20 also can not be provided with first cushion.

Pressing element 50 is set upper padding plate 20 is pressed to lower bolster 30 or lower bolster 30 is pressed under the situation of upper padding plate 20, can makes the rail securing member have less relatively stiffness factor and have improved vibration attenuation effect.Total stiffness factor of rail securing member can be lower than 15kN/mm, is preferably in 3 ~ 15kN/mm scope, and better scope is 3 ~ 10kN/mm, and still can keep rational rail buckle scope.

Further, utilize the present invention that the rail securing member that overall dimension is less relatively, have multistage effective stiffness coefficient can be provided, and do not use other biasing member such as additional springs.Simultaneously, the general structure of above-mentioned rail securing member is also simple relatively.For the rail securing member, except that additional cushioning effect was provided, littler volume also was desired.This is because the installation of this securing member often is restricted because free space is not enough.The volume of rail securing member of the present invention can be through upper padding plate 20 biasing terminal with lower bolster 30 the biasing end and laterally further reduce along rail.

Though described the preferred embodiments of the present invention in detail, clearly for a person skilled in the art, can make amendment and adjust to the present invention through example.In addition, embodiments of the invention should not be construed as and only are defined as above example of mentioning or accompanying drawing.Yet must be appreciated that clearly that these adjustment and modification all are in the scope of the invention that accompanying claims limits.For example, describe or the characteristic of explanation can be used for other embodiment as the part of an embodiment, to implement another one embodiment.Therefore, modification and change and the equivalent replacement thereof in the claim scope contained in the present invention.

Claims

1. a rail securing member is used on railway roadbed, installing rail, and said rail extends along first direction, and said rail securing member comprises:

-lower bolster is in order to agree with said railway roadbed;

-upper padding plate, it comprises the rail installation component, in order to agree with said rail;

-the first cushion, it is between said upper padding plate and said lower bolster, in order on said lower bolster, to support said upper padding plate;

It is characterized in that said rail securing member also comprises:

-at least one pressing element is used for said upper padding plate is pressed to said lower bolster, or said lower bolster is pressed to said upper padding plate.

2. rail securing member according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said pressing element is pressed to said lower bolster through second cushion with said upper padding plate; Perhaps said lower bolster is pressed to said upper padding plate; Said second cushion is between said upper padding plate and said pressing element, perhaps between said lower bolster and said pressing element.

3. according to claim 1 or the described rail securing member of claim 2, it is characterized in that: said pressing element is pressed to said lower bolster with said upper padding plate.

4. according to the described rail securing member of arbitrary claim in claim 1 to the claim 3; It is characterized in that: it is terminal that said upper padding plate has two opposite upper padding plates; The terminal edge of said two opposite upper padding plates is arranged with the perpendicular second direction of said first direction; And in corresponding two opposite upper padding plate ends, said pressing element is pressed to said lower bolster with said upper padding plate.

5. rail securing member according to claim 4 is characterized in that: said two opposite upper padding plate ends are about being parallel to the straight line biasing of said second direction.

6. rail securing member according to claim 5 is characterized in that: said lower bolster has two opposite lower bolsters ends arranging along said second direction, and said two opposite lower bolster ends are about being parallel to the straight line biasing of said second direction.

7. rail securing member according to claim 6, wherein: said lower bolster is configured as and can holds said upper padding plate.

8. rail securing member according to claim 7 is characterized in that: said two opposite upper padding plate ends are arranged on the straight line parallel with said second direction.

9. according to claim 6 or the described rail securing member of claim 7, it is characterized in that: said pressing element agrees with corresponding two opposite lower bolster ends mutually.

10. according to the described rail securing member of arbitrary claim in claim 1 to claim 5 and the claim 8; It is characterized in that: said lower bolster has two opposite lower bolsters ends arranging along said second direction; And said pressing element agrees with corresponding two opposite lower bolster ends mutually.

11. according to claim 9 or the described rail securing member of claim 10, it is characterized in that: said pressing element and said opposite lower bolster end are by bolt.

12. according to the rail securing member described in arbitrary claim in claim 4 to the claim 11; It is characterized in that: said two opposite upper padding plate ends all are rectangular separately; Its length is on said first direction, and said second cushion covers said length fully.

13. according to the rail securing member described in arbitrary claim in claim 4 to the claim 11; It is characterized in that: said two opposite upper padding plate ends all are rectangular separately; Its width is on said second direction, and said second cushion covers a part of said width.

14. according to the rail securing member described in arbitrary claim in claim 4 to the claim 11, it is characterized in that: said two opposite upper padding plate ends all are circular separately, have side face, and said second cushion covers said side face fully.

15. according to the rail securing member described in arbitrary claim in claim 1 to the claim 14, it is characterized in that: said upper padding plate has the upper padding plate bottom surface in the face of said lower bolster, and whole said upper padding plate bottom surface is provided with said first cushion.

16. according to the rail securing member described in arbitrary claim in claim 1 to the claim 14; It is characterized in that: said upper padding plate has the upper padding plate bottom surface in the face of said lower bolster; And the part of said upper padding plate bottom surface is provided with said first cushion.

17. according to the rail securing member described in arbitrary claim in claim 1 to the claim 14; It is characterized in that: said upper padding plate has the upper padding plate bottom surface in the face of said lower bolster; And whole said upper padding plate bottom surface all is not provided with said first cushion.

18. a rail securing member is used on railway roadbed fixedly rail, said rail extends along first direction, and said rail securing member comprises:

-lower bolster is in order to agree with said railway roadbed;

-upper padding plate; It comprises the rail installation component; In order to agree with said rail, it is terminal that said upper padding plate has two opposite upper padding plates, and the terminal edge of said two the opposite upper padding plates second direction vertical with said first direction arranged; And, the straight line biasing of said two opposite upper padding plate ends about paralleling with said second direction;

It is characterized in that: said lower bolster has two opposite lower bolsters ends arranging along said second direction, and said two lower bolster ends are about being parallel to the straight line biasing of said second direction.

19. rail system that has according to the said rail securing member of arbitrary claim in claim 1 to the claim 18.

20. the method that rail is installed on railway roadbed, said rail extends along first direction, and said method comprises following steps:

A kind of rail securing member is provided, and it comprises:

-lower bolster is in order to agree with said railway roadbed;

-at least one pressing element in order to said upper padding plate is pressed to said lower bolster, is perhaps pressed to said lower bolster with said upper padding plate,

Said rail is catered to said upper padding plate.

21. a method of making the rail securing member, said rail securing member is in order to be installed in rail on the railway roadbed, and said rail extends along first direction, said method comprising the steps of:

Lower bolster is provided, in order to agree with said railway roadbed;

First cushion is provided on said lower bolster;

Said upper padding plate is installed on the said lower bolster, makes said first cushion be between said upper padding plate and the said lower bolster, be used on said lower bolster, supporting said upper padding plate;

Use at least one pressing element, said upper padding plate is pressed to said lower bolster, perhaps, said lower bolster is pressed to said upper padding plate.