CN102705433A - Intelligent vibration absorption device combining passive damping with active damping - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及被动阻尼和主动阻尼相结合智能减振装置及其制备和应用。该装置中，被动阻尼是利用阻尼材料吸收部分机械能，主动阻尼是利用基于压电效应的由传感器、驱动器、采集卡、控制器、驱动电源以及实时控制系统组成的主动阻尼智能结构，实现对振动的有效控制，其中：传感器与驱动器粘接到被动阻尼材料的表面，并与控制器相连接；传感器与采集卡相连接，驱动器与驱动电源连接，采集卡、驱动电源和控制器与实时控制系统相连接。该装置的制备步骤包括前期准备、制作成型的被动阻尼材料、粘贴、组建主动阻尼智能结构和将被动阻尼材料未粘贴压电陶瓷的一侧粘接到需减振的部位。本发明可对各类机械运行时产生的振动实现智能控制，增强了减振效果。
The invention relates to an intelligent damping device combining passive damping and active damping and its preparation and application. In this device, passive damping is to use damping material to absorb part of the mechanical energy, and active damping is to use the active damping intelligent structure composed of sensors, drivers, acquisition cards, controllers, driving power supplies and real-time control systems based on the piezoelectric effect to realize vibration control. Effective control, wherein: the sensor and the driver are bonded to the surface of the passive damping material and connected to the controller; the sensor is connected to the acquisition card, the driver is connected to the driving power supply, and the acquisition card, driving power supply and controller are connected to the real-time control system connected. The preparation steps of the device include preliminary preparation, making shaped passive damping material, sticking, building an active damping intelligent structure, and bonding the side of the passive damping material not pasted with piezoelectric ceramics to the part to be damped. The invention can realize intelligent control of the vibration generated during the operation of various machines, and enhances the vibration reduction effect.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及到材料学科和电子、通信与自动控制技术领域，具体涉及一种被动阻尼和主动阻尼相结合智能减振装置。 The invention relates to the technical fields of material science and electronics, communication and automatic control, in particular to an intelligent damping device combining passive damping and active damping.
背景技术 Background technique
各类机械在运行时由于部分零件的松动或损害，回转件不平衡，产生共振等原因，不可避免的导致了振动的发生。振动会给机械带来巨大的危害如内部结构的破坏、运行精度的下降、噪音的产生等，所以机械运行时的减振问题日益的重要。 When all kinds of machinery are running, due to the looseness or damage of some parts, the unbalance of the rotating parts, the resonance and other reasons, it will inevitably lead to the occurrence of vibration. Vibration will bring great harm to the machinery, such as the destruction of the internal structure, the decrease of the operation accuracy, the generation of noise, etc., so the problem of vibration reduction during the operation of the machinery is becoming more and more important.
阻尼材料是一种能吸收振动机械能，并将它转化为热能、电能、磁能或其它形式的能量而损耗掉的一种功能材料。根据基体的不同，阻尼材料可分为聚合物阻尼材料、陶瓷类耐高温阻尼材料、高阻尼合金材料、智能型阻尼材料四种，其中，聚合物阻尼材料的减振效果最好，应用最为广泛。 Damping material is a functional material that can absorb vibration mechanical energy and convert it into heat energy, electric energy, magnetic energy or other forms of energy and lose it. According to different substrates, damping materials can be divided into four types: polymer damping materials, ceramic high-temperature-resistant damping materials, high-damping alloy materials, and intelligent damping materials. Among them, polymer damping materials have the best vibration reduction effect and are the most widely used. .
压电效应是某些电介质在沿一定方向上受到外力的作用而变形时，其内部会产生极化现象，同时在它的两个相对表面上出现正负相反的电荷，相反，当在电介质的极化方向上施加电场，这些电介质也会发生变形。基于正压电效应，可将振动信号转化为电压信号，作为传感器使用。基于逆压电效应，可通过对压电材料施加电压产生一定的机械力，作为驱动器使用。 The piezoelectric effect is that when some dielectrics are deformed by external forces in a certain direction, polarization will occur inside them, and at the same time, positive and negative charges will appear on its two opposite surfaces. On the contrary, when the dielectric These dielectrics also deform when an electric field is applied in the direction of polarization. Based on the positive piezoelectric effect, the vibration signal can be converted into a voltage signal and used as a sensor. Based on the inverse piezoelectric effect, a certain mechanical force can be generated by applying a voltage to the piezoelectric material, which can be used as a driver.
主动阻尼是利用基于压电效应的智能结构，利用传感器将振动信号转化为电压信号，通过采集卡将信号输入到控制器，经过控制器对信号计算处理，将信号输出至驱动电源，通过驱动电源控制驱动器，实现对控制的智能控制。 Active damping is to use the intelligent structure based on the piezoelectric effect, use the sensor to convert the vibration signal into a voltage signal, input the signal to the controller through the acquisition card, calculate and process the signal by the controller, and output the signal to the driving power supply, through the driving power supply Control the driver to realize the intelligent control of the control.
然而主动阻尼智能结构的缺点是：基本上是通过对结构振动主动控制或外加机械力实现的，对于结构振动的抑制需要外界提供足够的能量，而且系统的结构复杂，控制系统硬件的误操作（或者故障）有时会使系统完全丧失主动阻尼作用。而被动阻尼是依托于阻尼材料自身的性质，所以阻尼性能有一定的局限性。为了弥补各自的缺陷，将主动阻尼和被动阻尼材料相结合，具有更高的可靠性、更宽的控制频带，且需要的控制能量少，还可消除不确定性控制溢出。 However, the disadvantages of active damping smart structures are: basically, it is realized through active control of structural vibration or external mechanical force. The suppression of structural vibration requires sufficient energy from the outside, and the structure of the system is complex, and the misoperation of the control system hardware ( or malfunction) sometimes completely deprives the system of active damping. Passive damping relies on the properties of the damping material itself, so the damping performance has certain limitations. In order to make up for their respective defects, the combination of active damping and passive damping materials has higher reliability, wider control frequency band, and requires less control energy, and can also eliminate uncertainty control overflow.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明所要解决的技术问题是：提供一种被动阻尼和主动阻尼相结合智能减振装置，以便能够有效地降低振动。 The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an intelligent damping device combining passive damping and active damping so as to effectively reduce vibration.
本发明解决其技术问题采用以下的技术方案： The present invention solves its technical problem and adopts the following technical solutions:
本发明提供的智能减振装置，是一种被动阻尼和主动阻尼相结合智能减振装置，该装置中，被动阻尼是利用阻尼材料吸收部分机械能，主动阻尼是利用基于压电效应的主动阻尼智能结构，实现对振动的有效控制，所述主动阻尼智能结构由传感器、驱动器、采集卡、控制器、驱动电源以及实时控制系统组成，其中：传感器与驱动器粘接到被动阻尼材料的表面，并与控制器相连接；传感器与采集卡相连接，驱动器与驱动电源连接，采集卡、驱动电源和控制器与实时控制系统相连接。 The intelligent damping device provided by the present invention is an intelligent damping device combining passive damping and active damping. In this device, passive damping uses damping materials to absorb part of structure to achieve effective control of vibration. The active damping smart structure is composed of sensors, drivers, acquisition cards, controllers, driving power supplies and real-time control systems, wherein: the sensors and drivers are bonded to the surface of the passive damping material, and are connected with the The controller is connected; the sensor is connected with the acquisition card, the driver is connected with the driving power supply, and the acquisition card, the driving power supply and the controller are connected with the real-time control system.
所述被动阻尼材料可以采用聚合物基阻尼材料或高阻尼合金材料。 The passive damping material can be a polymer-based damping material or a high damping alloy material.
所述传感器与驱动器均可以采用压电陶瓷片。 Both the sensor and the driver can use piezoelectric ceramic sheets.
所述控制器采用PID模糊算法，其控制参数可以根据振动的振幅进行设定，使减振效果达到最佳。 The controller adopts a PID fuzzy algorithm, and its control parameters can be set according to the vibration amplitude, so that the vibration reduction effect can be optimized.
所述实时控制系统为由XPC target制作而成或直接购买。 The real-time control system is made by XPC target or purchased directly.
本发明提供的上述智能减振装置的制备方法，具体是采用以下步骤的制备方法： The preparation method of the above-mentioned intelligent damping device provided by the present invention is specifically the preparation method adopting the following steps:
（1）前期准备：根据外界振动的频率和振幅，确定所需被动阻尼材料的种类、压电陶瓷的数目以及控制器的控制参数； (1) Preliminary preparation: According to the frequency and amplitude of external vibration, determine the type of passive damping material, the number of piezoelectric ceramics and the control parameters of the controller;
（2）制作成型的被动阻尼材料：将被动阻尼材料粘贴到需振动控制部位的表面，或直接作为结构件使用； (2) Formed passive damping material: Paste the passive damping material on the surface of the part requiring vibration control, or use it directly as a structural part;
（3）粘贴：将多个压电陶瓷片分别作为传感器或驱动器，然后将压电陶瓷片根据外界振动分布情况粘贴到已成型的被动阻尼材料的表面； (3) Sticking: multiple piezoelectric ceramic sheets are used as sensors or drivers respectively, and then the piezoelectric ceramic sheets are pasted to the surface of the formed passive damping material according to the external vibration distribution;
（4）组建主动阻尼智能结构：在压电陶瓷片表面焊接出引线，其中作为传感器的压电陶瓷片的引线与采集卡相连接，作为驱动器的压电陶瓷片的引线与驱动电源连接，然后采集卡、驱动电源和控制器与实时控制系统相连接，组建主动阻尼智能结构； (4) Build an active damping intelligent structure: weld the lead wires on the surface of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet, the lead wire of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet as the sensor is connected to the acquisition card, and the lead wire of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet as the driver is connected to the drive power supply, and then The acquisition card, drive power supply and controller are connected with the real-time control system to form an active damping intelligent structure;
（5）将被动阻尼材料未粘贴压电陶瓷的一侧粘接到需减振的部位。 (5) Bond the side of the passive damping material that is not pasted with piezoelectric ceramics to the part to be damped.
上述步骤（2）中，利用粘合剂或焊接的方式将被动阻尼材料粘贴到需振动控制部位的表面。所述粘合剂可以采用环氧树脂强力胶、101胶、XY401胶等。（粘合剂种类可不用设定，只要使用即可） In the above step (2), the passive damping material is pasted to the surface of the part requiring vibration control by means of adhesive or welding. The adhesive can be epoxy resin super glue, 101 glue, XY401 glue and the like. (The type of adhesive does not need to be set, as long as it is used)
上述步骤（4）中，采集卡、驱动电源和控制器可以通过网线与XPC target实时控制系统相连接或通过卡槽与直接购买的实时控制系统连接。 In the above step (4), the acquisition card, drive power supply and controller can be connected to the XPC target real-time control system through a network cable or connected to a directly purchased real-time control system through a card slot.
本发明提供的上述智能减振装置，其在各类机械减振中的应用，该智能减振装置置于机械运行时振动较剧烈的部位，通过调节控制器PID控制参数，使机械减振达到控制效果。 The application of the above-mentioned intelligent vibration damping device provided by the present invention in various types of mechanical vibration damping, the intelligent vibration damping device is placed in the part where the vibration is more severe during mechanical operation, and the mechanical vibration reduction can reach Control effect.
本发明与现有技术相比，具有以下主要的优点： Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following main advantages:
其一. 将被动阻尼和主动阻尼相结合，利用被动阻尼材料吸收部分机械能，可减少主动阻尼实现智能控制所需要的能量，同时弥补了主动阻尼智能结构容易破坏的缺点。 Firstly, the combination of passive damping and active damping, and the use of passive damping materials to absorb part of the mechanical energy can reduce the energy required for active damping to achieve intelligent control, and at the same time make up for the shortcomings of active damping smart structures that are easily damaged. the
其二. 根据实际应用环境，可制备成不同的形状和尺寸，应用灵活。 Second, according to the actual application environment, it can be prepared into different shapes and sizes, and the application is flexible.
其三. 主动阻尼控制系统采用实时控制，消除了时间延迟对信号处理的影响，使减振效果更加明显。 Third. The active damping control system adopts real-time control, which eliminates the influence of time delay on signal processing and makes the vibration reduction effect more obvious.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1是智能减振装置的结构示意图。 Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an intelligent damping device.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
本发明是一种将被动阻尼和主动阻尼相结合的智能减振装置，其由被动阻尼材料、传感器、驱动器和控制系统组成，其中控制系统包括采集卡、驱动电源、控制器以及实时控制系统。被动阻尼材料可根据实际应用选取不同材料，同时设定其形状与尺寸。采用压电陶瓷片作为传感器和驱动器，其形状和数量可依据实际应用确定。主动阻尼是基于压电效应智能结构，按采集—运算—输出的闭合流程，实现振动的智能控制。控制系统采用PID模糊控制，可通过调节控制参数，获得不同减振效果。该装置的优点是通过将被动阻尼和主动阻尼相结合，可对振动实现智能控制，增强了减振效果，同时通过被动阻尼吸收部分机械能，弥补了主动阻尼实现对外界振动控制消耗能量多，控制系统容易遭受破坏的缺点。 The invention is an intelligent damping device combining passive damping and active damping, which is composed of passive damping materials, sensors, drivers and a control system, wherein the control system includes an acquisition card, a driving power supply, a controller and a real-time control system. The passive damping material can be selected according to the actual application, and its shape and size can be set at the same time. Piezoelectric ceramic sheets are used as sensors and drivers, and their shape and quantity can be determined according to actual applications. Active damping is based on the intelligent structure of the piezoelectric effect, and realizes the intelligent control of vibration according to the closed process of acquisition-computation-output. The control system adopts PID fuzzy control, and different vibration reduction effects can be obtained by adjusting the control parameters. The advantage of this device is that through the combination of passive damping and active damping, it can realize intelligent control of vibration and enhance the effect of vibration reduction. The disadvantage that the system is vulnerable to damage.
为了更好地理解本发明，下面结合实施例及附图进一步阐明本发明的内容，但本发明的内容不仅仅局限于下面的实施例。 In order to better understand the present invention, the content of the present invention will be further explained below in conjunction with the examples and accompanying drawings, but the content of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
实施例1：被动阻尼和主动阻尼相结合智能减振装置 Example 1: Intelligent damping device combining passive damping and active damping
参见图1，该装置中，被动阻尼材料1（简称被动阻尼）是利用阻尼材料吸收部分机械能，主动阻尼是利用基于压电效应的主动阻尼智能结构，实现对振动的有效控制，所述主动阻尼智能结构由传感器、驱动器、采集卡、控制器、驱动电源以及实时控制系统组成，其中：传感器与驱动器粘接到被动阻尼材料的表面，并与控制器相连接；传感器与采集卡相连接，驱动器与驱动电源连接，采集卡、驱动电源和控制器与实时控制系统相连接。 Referring to Figure 1, in this device, the passive damping material 1 (referred to as passive damping) is to use the damping material to absorb part of the mechanical energy, and the active damping is to use the active damping intelligent structure based on the piezoelectric effect to achieve effective control of vibration. The active damping The intelligent structure is composed of sensors, drivers, acquisition cards, controllers, driving power supplies and real-time control systems, in which: the sensors and drivers are bonded to the surface of the passive damping material and connected to the controller; the sensors are connected to the acquisition card, and the drivers It is connected with the driving power supply, and the acquisition card, the driving power supply and the controller are connected with the real-time control system.
所述被动阻尼材料可以采用聚合物基阻尼材料或高阻尼合金材料。 The passive damping material can be a polymer-based damping material or a high damping alloy material.
所述传感器与驱动器均可以采用压电陶瓷片。 Both the sensor and the driver can use piezoelectric ceramic sheets.
所述控制器采用PID模糊算法，其控制参数可以根据振动的振幅进行设定，使减振效果达到最佳。 The controller adopts a PID fuzzy algorithm, and its control parameters can be set according to the vibration amplitude, so that the vibration reduction effect can be optimized.
所述实时控制系统为由XPC target制作而成。 The real-time control system is made by XPC target.
实施例2：智能减振装置的制备方法 Embodiment 2: the preparation method of intelligent damping device
该智能减振装置为实施例1所述被动阻尼和主动阻尼相结合智能减振装置，其制备采用以下步骤的方法： The intelligent damping device is an intelligent damping device combining passive damping and active damping described in Example 1, and its preparation adopts the following steps:
（1）前期准备：根据外界振动的频率和振幅，确定所需被动阻尼材料的种类、压电陶瓷的数目以及控制器的控制参数。 (1) Preliminary preparation: According to the frequency and amplitude of external vibration, determine the type of passive damping material required, the number of piezoelectric ceramics, and the control parameters of the controller.
（2）制作成型的被动阻尼材料：利用粘合剂或焊接的方式将被动阻尼材料1粘贴到需振动控制部位的表面，所述粘合剂可以采用环氧树脂强力胶、101胶、XY401胶等。（可不限制粘合剂种类，适用即可） (2) Make the formed passive damping material: Paste the passive damping material 1 on the surface of the part requiring vibration control by adhesive or welding. The adhesive can be epoxy resin super glue, 101 glue, XY401 glue wait. (The type of adhesive is not limited, as long as it is applicable)
（3）粘贴：将多个压电陶瓷片2分别作为传感器或驱动器，然后将压电陶瓷片根据外界振动分布情况粘贴到已成型的被动阻尼材料的表面。 (3) Sticking: multiple piezoelectric ceramic sheets 2 are respectively used as sensors or drivers, and then the piezoelectric ceramic sheets are pasted on the surface of the formed passive damping material according to the external vibration distribution.
（4）组建主动阻尼智能结构：在压电陶瓷片2表面焊接出引线，其中作为传感器的压电陶瓷片的引线与采集卡相连接，作为驱动器的压电陶瓷片的引线与驱动电源连接，然后采集卡、驱动电源和控制器可以通过网线与利用XPC target制作而成的实时控制系统相连接，或通过卡槽与直接购买的实时控制系统相连接，组建主动阻尼智能结构。 (4) Build an active damping intelligent structure: weld the leads on the surface of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet 2, wherein the lead wire of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet as a sensor is connected to the acquisition card, and the lead wire of the piezoelectric ceramic sheet as a driver is connected to the drive power supply, Then the acquisition card, drive power supply and controller can be connected to the real-time control system made by XPC target through the network cable, or connected to the real-time control system purchased directly through the card slot to form an active damping intelligent structure.
（5）将被动阻尼材料未粘贴压电陶瓷的一侧粘接到需减振的部位。 (5) Bond the side of the passive damping material that is not pasted with piezoelectric ceramics to the part to be damped.
经过上述步骤，制备出所述智能减振装置。 Through the above steps, the intelligent damping device is prepared.
实施例3：智能减振装置在机械减振中的一种用途 Embodiment 3: A kind of application of intelligent damping device in mechanical damping
该装置为实施例1所述被动阻尼和主动阻尼相结合智能减振装置，其在汽车减振中的应用。应用时，该智能减振装置置于发动机两侧，通过调节控制器PID控制参数，使汽车减振达到控制效果。 The device is an intelligent damping device combining passive damping and active damping described in Embodiment 1, and its application in automobile damping. In application, the intelligent damping device is placed on both sides of the engine, and by adjusting the PID control parameters of the controller, the vehicle damping can achieve the control effect.
汽车运行过程中，速度越快其振动频率越高，当速度达到一定值时，汽车就会产生明显的振动。根据大众帕萨特发动机运行时产生的振动信号，选择空心微珠填充环氧树脂制得的硬质泡沫作为被动阻尼材料，空心微珠体积分数为40%。利用模具将该被动阻尼材料制成300×30×4（mm）的立方体，将6个尺寸为50×30×0.2（mm）的压电陶瓷矩形片（PZT-5）用环氧树脂强力胶均匀的粘贴到硬质泡沫板的表面。用焊接的方式将引线接到压电陶瓷片上，将两端的压电陶瓷片连接到采集卡，作为传感器使用；其他陶瓷片连接到驱动电源，作为驱动器使用。将采集卡、驱动电源和控制器通过网线与利用XPC target制作而成的实时控制系统连接，搭建成主动阻尼智能控制系统。该装置通过环氧树脂强力黏合剂粘贴置发动机两侧。通过调节控制器PID控制参数，得到合适的控制效果。 During the operation of the car, the faster the speed, the higher the vibration frequency. When the speed reaches a certain value, the car will produce obvious vibration. According to the vibration signal generated when the Volkswagen Passat engine is running, the rigid foam made of hollow microbeads filled with epoxy resin is selected as the passive damping material, and the volume fraction of hollow microbeads is 40%. Use a mold to make the passive damping material into a cube of 300×30×4 (mm), and glue six piezoelectric ceramic rectangular pieces (PZT-5) with a size of 50×30×0.2 (mm) with epoxy resin superglue Evenly stick to the surface of the rigid foam board. Connect the lead wires to the piezoelectric ceramic sheet by welding, connect the piezoelectric ceramic sheets at both ends to the acquisition card, and use it as a sensor; connect the other ceramic sheets to the driving power supply, and use it as a driver. Connect the acquisition card, drive power supply and controller to the real-time control system made with XPC target through the network cable to build an active damping intelligent control system. The device is attached to both sides of the engine with a strong epoxy resin adhesive. By adjusting the PID control parameters of the controller, the appropriate control effect can be obtained.
经对比使用该装置前后振动情况得出：设定PID控制参数其中比例系数为6，积分系数为5，微分系数为-5时，振幅可降低30%；设定PID控制参数其中比例系数为15，积分系数为5，微分系数为-5时，振幅可下降60%。 After comparing the vibration before and after using the device, it is concluded that: when setting the PID control parameters, the proportional coefficient is 6, the integral coefficient is 5, and the differential coefficient is -5, the amplitude can be reduced by 30%; when the PID control parameters are set, the proportional coefficient is 15 , when the integral coefficient is 5 and the differential coefficient is -5, the amplitude can be reduced by 60%.
实施例4：智能减振装置在机械减振中的一种用途 Embodiment 4: A kind of application of intelligent damping device in mechanical damping
该装置为实施例1所述被动阻尼和主动阻尼相结合智能减振装置，其在加工车床减振中的应用。应用时，该智能减振装置置于车床底部，通过调节控制器PID控制参数，使车床减振达到控制效果。 The device is an intelligent damping device combining passive damping and active damping described in Embodiment 1, and its application in vibration damping of a processing lathe. In application, the intelligent damping device is placed at the bottom of the lathe, and by adjusting the PID control parameters of the controller, the vibration damping of the lathe can achieve the control effect.
金属零件加工车床在运行时会产生比较强烈的振动，可能导致加工精度的下降。选择丁腈橡胶作为被动阻尼材料，将其加工成500×100×5（mm）的片材，选取10个50×30×0.2（mm）的压电陶瓷片（PMNG）利用101胶均匀的粘贴到丁腈橡胶的表面，在压电陶瓷表面焊接出引线，选取其中一个压电陶瓷片与采集卡相连作为传感器使用，其余压电陶瓷片与驱动电源连接作为驱动器使用，然后采集卡、驱动电源和控制器可以通过网线与利用XPC target制作而成的实时控制系统相连接，搭建主动阻尼智能控制系统。该装置通过101胶粘贴至车床底部。调节控制器PID控制参数，达到符合要求的减振效果。 Metal parts processing lathes will generate relatively strong vibrations during operation, which may lead to a decrease in processing accuracy. Select nitrile rubber as the passive damping material, process it into a 500×100×5 (mm) sheet, select 10 50×30×0.2 (mm) piezoelectric ceramic sheets (PMNG) and paste them evenly with 101 glue To the surface of the nitrile rubber, weld the lead wires on the surface of the piezoelectric ceramics, select one of the piezoelectric ceramics to connect to the acquisition card as a sensor, and connect the rest of the piezoelectric ceramics to the drive power as a driver, and then the acquisition card, drive power And the controller can be connected with the real-time control system made by XPC target through the network cable to build an active damping intelligent control system. The unit is attached to the bottom of the lathe with 101 glue. Adjust the PID control parameters of the controller to achieve the required vibration reduction effect.
经对比使用该装置前后振动情况得出：设定PID控制参数其中比例系数为5，积分系数为5，微分系数为-5时，振幅下降15%；设定PID控制参数其中比例系数为15，积分系数为5，微分系数为-5时，振幅下降25%。 After comparing the vibration before and after using the device, it is concluded that: when setting the PID control parameters, the proportional coefficient is 5, the integral coefficient is 5, and the differential coefficient is -5, the amplitude drops by 15%; when the PID control parameters are set, the proportional coefficient is 15, When the integral coefficient is 5 and the differential coefficient is -5, the amplitude drops by 25%.
实施例5：智能减振装置在机械减振中的一种用途 Embodiment 5: An application of intelligent vibration reduction device in mechanical vibration reduction
该装置为实施例1所述被动阻尼和主动阻尼相结合智能减振装置，其在搅拌机减振降噪中的应用。应用时，该智能减振装置置于搅拌机的振动剧烈部位，通过调节控制器PID控制参数，使搅拌机减振达到控制效果。 The device is an intelligent damping device combining passive damping and active damping described in Embodiment 1, and its application in vibration and noise reduction of mixers. In application, the intelligent vibration damping device is placed in the violently vibrating part of the mixer, and by adjusting the PID control parameters of the controller, the vibration reduction of the mixer can achieve the control effect.
搅拌器运行时的振动会产生较大的噪音，带来了环境污染。选取聚氨酯泡沫作为被动阻尼材料，加工成300×50×10（mm）的片材，选取4个50×30×0.2（mm）的压电陶瓷片（PMNG）用101胶均匀的粘贴到聚氨酯泡沫的表面。在压电陶瓷表面焊接出引线，选取其中一个压电陶瓷片与采集卡相连作为传感器使用，其余压电陶瓷片与驱动电源连接作为驱动器使用，搭建主动阻尼智能控制系统，然后采集卡、驱动电源和控制器可以通过网线与利用XPC target制作而成的实时控制系统相连接。该装置用101胶粘贴至轴承连通器周围。调节控制器PID控制参数，达到符合的减振效果。 The vibration during the operation of the agitator will generate a large noise and bring environmental pollution. Select polyurethane foam as the passive damping material, process it into a 300×50×10 (mm) sheet, select four 50×30×0.2 (mm) piezoelectric ceramic sheets (PMNG) and paste them evenly on the polyurethane foam with 101 glue s surface. Solder the leads on the surface of the piezoelectric ceramics, select one of the piezoelectric ceramics to connect to the acquisition card as a sensor, and connect the rest of the piezoelectric ceramics to the drive power as a driver to build an active damping intelligent control system, and then the acquisition card, drive power And the controller can be connected with the real-time control system made by XPC target through the network cable. The device is pasted around the bearing connector with 101 glue. Adjust the PID control parameters of the controller to achieve the desired vibration reduction effect.
经对比使用该装置前后振动情况得出：设定PID控制参数其中比例系数为5，积分系数为5，微分系数为-5时，振幅下降20%，设定PID控制参数其中比例系数为15，积分系数为5，微分系数为-5时，振幅下降30%。 After comparing the vibration before and after using the device, it is concluded that when the PID control parameters are set, the proportional coefficient is 5, the integral coefficient is 5, and the differential coefficient is -5, the amplitude drops by 20%. When the integral coefficient is 5 and the differential coefficient is -5, the amplitude drops by 30%.
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| CN104965442A (en) * | 2015-07-08 | 2015-10-07 | 吉林大学 | Method for determining bonding position of a loss factor frequency-dependent unconstrained damping layer on white car body |
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| CN112855488B (en) * | 2019-11-12 | 2022-04-19 | 宁波方太厨具有限公司 | Booster pump |
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