CN102705433A - Intelligent vibration absorption device combining passive damping with active damping - Google Patents
Intelligent vibration absorption device combining passive damping with active damping Download PDFInfo
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- CN102705433A CN102705433A CN2012101873754A CN201210187375A CN102705433A CN 102705433 A CN102705433 A CN 102705433A CN 2012101873754 A CN2012101873754 A CN 2012101873754A CN 201210187375 A CN201210187375 A CN 201210187375A CN 102705433 A CN102705433 A CN 102705433A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an intelligent vibration absorption device combining passive damping with active damping, preparation and application thereof. In the device, part of mechanical energy is absorbed by utilizing a damping material in the passive damping; an active damping intelligent structure which is based on a piezoelectric effect and consists of a sensor, a driver, a collection card, a controller, a driving power supply and a real-time control system is utilized in the active damping; the effective control on vibration is realized, wherein the sensor and the driver are adhered onto the surface of a passive damping material and are connected with the controller; the sensor is connected with the collection card; the driver is connected with the driving power supply; and the collection card, the driving power supply and the controller are connected with the real-time control system. The device comprises the following preparation steps of: preparing in a prior period, manufacturing a molded passive damping material, adhering and constructing the active damping intelligent structure, and adhering the side of the passive damping material, which is not adhered to a piezoelectric ceramic, to a position which needs vibration absorption. By using the intelligent vibration absorption device, the intelligent control on the vibration generated when various machines run can be realized, and the vibration absorption effect is enhanced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to material subject with electronics, communicate by letter and the automatic control technology field, be specifically related to a kind of passive damping and the active damping intelligent vibration damping device that combines.
Background technique
Owing to the loosening or infringement of part, revolving meber is uneven, produces reasons such as resonance when operation for all kinds of machineries, has inevitably caused the generation of vibrating.The vibration meeting brings decline, generation of noise of destruction, the running precision of huge harm such as internal structure etc. to machinery, so day by day important of the vibration damping problem during mechanical movement.
Damping material be a kind of can absorbed oscillation mechanical energy, and it is converted into the energy of heat energy, electric energy, magnetic energy or other form and a kind of functional material of losing.According to the difference of matrix, damping material can be divided into four kinds of polymer as damping material, the high temperature resistant damping material of ceramic-like, high damping alloy material, intelligent damping material, and wherein, the effectiveness in vibration suppression of polymer as damping material is best, uses the most extensive.
Piezoelectric effect is that some dielectrics is when being out of shape in the effect that on certain orientation, receives external force; Its inner meeting produces polarization phenomena; Positive and negative opposite electric charge appears on its two apparent surfaces simultaneously; On the contrary, when on the polarization of dielectric direction, applying electric field, these dielectricss also can deform.Based on direct piezoelectric effect, can oscillating signal be converted into voltage signal, use as sensor.Based on inverse piezoelectric effect, can produce certain mechanical force through piezoelectric material being applied voltage, use as driver.
Active damping is the intelligence structure of utilizing based on piezoelectric effect; Utilize sensor that oscillating signal is converted into voltage signal; Through capture card signal is input to controller, calculated signals is handled, export signal to driving power through controller; Through driving power controlling and driving device, realize intelligent control to control.
Yet the shortcoming of active damping intelligence structure is: be through to active control in structural vibration or add mechanical force and realize basically; Inhibition for structural vibration needs extraneous enough energy that provides; And the complex structure of system, the misoperation of control system hardware (perhaps fault) makes system completely lose the active damping effect sometimes.And passive damping is the character that relies on damping material self, so damping capacity has certain narrow limitation.In order to remedy defective separately, active damping and passive damping material are combined, have higher reliability, wideer control frequency band, and the control little energy that needs, the control that also can remove uncertainty is overflowed.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: a kind of passive damping and the active damping intelligent vibration damping device that combines is provided, so that can reduce vibration effectively.
The present invention solves its technical problem and adopts following technological scheme:
Intelligent vibration damping device provided by the invention; It is a kind of passive damping and the active damping intelligent vibration damping device that combines; In this device, passive damping is to utilize damping material absorption portion mechanical energy, and active damping is the active damping intelligence structure of utilizing based on piezoelectric effect; Realization is to effective control of vibration; Said active damping intelligence structure is made up of sensor, driver, capture card, controller, driving power and real-time control system, and wherein: sensor and driver bond to the surface of passive damping material, and are connected with controller; Sensor is connected with capture card, and driver is connected with driving power, and capture card, driving power and controller are connected with real-time control system.
Said passive damping material can adopt polymer-based damping material or high damping alloy material.
Said sensor and driver all can adopt piezoelectric ceramic.
Said controller adopts the PID fuzzy algorithmic approach, and its Control Parameter can be set according to the amplitude of vibration, makes effectiveness in vibration suppression reach best.
Said real-time control system is for being made by XPC target or directly buying.
The preparation method of above-mentioned intelligent vibration damping device provided by the invention specifically is the preparation method who adopts following steps:
(1) early-stage preparations:, confirm the kind of required passive damping material, the number of piezoelectric constant and the Control Parameter of controller according to the frequency and the amplitude of extraneous vibration;
(2) the passive damping material of making moulding: the passive damping material is pasted the surface that needs the vibration control position, or directly use as structural member;
(3) paste: a plurality of piezoelectric ceramics respectively as sensor or driver, are pasted piezoelectric ceramic the surface of in type passive damping material then according to the extraneous vibration distribution situation;
(4) set up the active damping intelligence structure: go out lead-in wire in the piezoelectric ceramic surface soldered; Wherein the lead-in wire as the piezoelectric ceramic of sensor is connected with capture card; Lead-in wire as the piezoelectric ceramic of driver is connected with driving power; Capture card, driving power and controller are connected with real-time control system then, set up the active damping intelligence structure;
(5) the passive damping material is not pasted the position of a side bonds of piezoelectric constant to the need vibration damping.
In the above-mentioned steps (2), utilize the mode of tackiness agent or welding the passive damping material to be pasted the surface that needs the vibration control position.Said tackiness agent can adopt epoxy resin mighty bond, 101 glue, XY401 glue etc.(the tackiness agent kind can be set, as long as use)
In the above-mentioned steps (4), capture card, driving power and controller can be connected with XPC target real-time control system or are connected with the real-time control system of directly buying through draw-in groove through netting twine.
Above-mentioned intelligent vibration damping device provided by the invention, its application in all kinds of mechanical vibration dampings, the more violent position of vibration through the adjusting color controls pid control parameter, made mechanical vibration damping reach the control effect when this intelligent vibration damping device placed mechanical movement.
The present invention compared with prior art has following main advantage:
One of which. passive damping and active damping are combined, utilize passive damping material absorption part mechanical energy, can reduce active damping and realize the intelligent control energy needed, remedied the shortcoming that the active damping intelligence structure is destroyed easily simultaneously.
They are two years old. according to actual application environment, can be prepared into different shape and size, applying flexible.
They are three years old. and the active damping control system adopts control in real time, has eliminated the influence of time lag to signal processing, makes effectiveness in vibration suppression more obvious.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of intelligent vibration damping device.
Embodiment
The present invention is a kind of intelligent vibration damping device that passive damping and active damping are combined, and it is made up of passive damping material, sensor, driver and control system, and wherein control system comprises capture card, driving power, controller and real-time control system.The passive damping material can be chosen different materials according to practical application, sets its shape and size simultaneously.Adopt piezoelectric ceramic as sensor and driver, its shape and quantity can be confirmed according to practical application.Active damping is based on the piezoelectric effect intelligence structure, by the closed flow process of collection-computing-output, realizes the intelligent control of vibration.Control system adopts the PID fuzzy control, can obtain different effectiveness in vibration suppression through regulating Control Parameter.The advantage of this device is through passive damping and active damping are combined; Can be to the vibration realizing intelligent control; Strengthened effectiveness in vibration suppression; Through passive damping absorption portion mechanical energy, remedied active damping and realized that the vibration control consumed energy is many to external world, the shortcoming that control system wrecks easily simultaneously.
In order to understand the present invention better, further illustrate content of the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, but content of the present invention not only is confined to following embodiment.
Embodiment 1: passive damping and the active damping intelligent vibration damping device that combines
Referring to Fig. 1; In this device, passive damping material 1 (abbreviation passive damping) is to utilize damping material absorption portion mechanical energy, and active damping is the active damping intelligence structure of utilizing based on piezoelectric effect; Realization is to effective control of vibration; Said active damping intelligence structure is made up of sensor, driver, capture card, controller, driving power and real-time control system, and wherein: sensor and driver bond to the surface of passive damping material, and are connected with controller; Sensor is connected with capture card, and driver is connected with driving power, and capture card, driving power and controller are connected with real-time control system.
Said passive damping material can adopt polymer-based damping material or high damping alloy material.
Said sensor and driver all can adopt piezoelectric ceramic.
Said controller adopts the PID fuzzy algorithmic approach, and its Control Parameter can be set according to the amplitude of vibration, makes effectiveness in vibration suppression reach best.
Said real-time control system is for to be made by XPC target.
Embodiment 2: the preparation method of intelligent vibration damping device
This intelligent vibration damping device is embodiment's 1 said passive damping and the active damping intelligent vibration damping device that combines, and it prepares the method that adopts following steps:
(1) early-stage preparations:, confirm the kind of required passive damping material, the number of piezoelectric constant and the Control Parameter of controller according to the frequency and the amplitude of extraneous vibration.
(2) the passive damping material of making moulding: utilize the mode of tackiness agent or welding that passive damping material 1 is pasted the surface that needs the vibration control position, said tackiness agent can adopt epoxy resin mighty bond, 101 glue, XY401 glue etc.(can not limit the tackiness agent kind, suitable getting final product)
(3) paste: a plurality of piezoelectric ceramics 2 respectively as sensor or driver, are pasted piezoelectric ceramic the surface of in type passive damping material then according to the extraneous vibration distribution situation.
(4) set up the active damping intelligence structure: go out lead-in wire in piezoelectric ceramic 2 surface soldered; Wherein the lead-in wire as the piezoelectric ceramic of sensor is connected with capture card; Lead-in wire as the piezoelectric ceramic of driver is connected with driving power; Capture card, driving power and controller can be connected with the real-time control system of utilizing XPC target to be made through netting twine then, or are connected with the real-time control system of directly buying through draw-in groove, set up the active damping intelligence structure.
(5) the passive damping material is not pasted the position of a side bonds of piezoelectric constant to the need vibration damping.
Through above-mentioned steps, prepare said intelligent vibration damping device.
Embodiment 3: a kind of purposes of intelligent vibration damping device in mechanical vibration damping
This device is embodiment's 1 said passive damping and the active damping intelligent vibration damping device that combines, its application in vehicle vibration damping.During application, this intelligent vibration damping device places the motor both sides, through the adjusting color controls pid control parameter, makes vehicle vibration damping reach the control effect.
In the car running process, faster its vibration frequency of speed is high more, and when speed reached certain value, automobile will produce tangible vibration.The oscillating signal that produces when moving according to popular Passat motor, the rigid foam that selection cenosphere filling epoxy resin makes is as the passive damping material, and the cenosphere volume fraction is 40%.Utilize mould that this passive damping material is processed the cube of 300 * 30 * 4 (mm), 6 piezoelectric constant rectangular sheets (PZT-5) that are of a size of 50 * 30 * 0.2 (mm) are pasted uniformly the surface of rigid foam plate with the epoxy resin mighty bond.Mode with welding is received lead-in wire on the piezoelectric ceramic, and the piezoelectric ceramic at two ends is connected to capture card, uses as sensor; Other ceramic plates are connected to driving power, use as driver.Capture card, driving power and controller are connected with the real-time control system of utilizing XPC target to be made through netting twine, are built into the active damping intelligent control system.This device is pasted through the powerful binding agent of epoxy resin and is put the motor both sides.Through the adjusting color controls pid control parameter, obtain the appropriate control effect.
Use this device porpoise situation to draw through contrast: setting pid control parameter wherein scaling factor is 6, and integral coefficient is 5, and differential coefficient is-5 o'clock, and amplitude can reduce by 30%; Setting pid control parameter wherein scaling factor is 15, and integral coefficient is 5, and differential coefficient is-5 o'clock, and amplitude can descend 60%.
Embodiment 4: a kind of purposes of intelligent vibration damping device in mechanical vibration damping
This device is embodiment's 1 said passive damping and the active damping intelligent vibration damping device that combines, its application in the lathe for machining vibration damping.During application, this intelligent vibration damping device places the lathe bottom, through the adjusting color controls pid control parameter, makes the lathe vibration damping reach the control effect.
The metal parts lathe for machining can produce stronger vibration when operation, possibly cause the decline of machining accuracy.Select nitrile butadiene rubber as the passive damping material; Be processed into the sheet material of 500 * 100 * 5 (mm); The piezoelectric ceramic (PMNG) of choosing 10 50 * 30 * 0.2 (mm) utilizes 101 glue to paste the surface of nitrile butadiene rubber uniformly; Go out lead-in wire in the piezoelectric constant surface soldered, choose one of them piezoelectric ceramic and link to each other with capture card as the sensor use, all the other piezoelectric ceramics are connected as driver with driving power and use; Capture card, driving power and controller can be connected with the real-time control system of utilizing XPC target to be made through netting twine then, build the active damping intelligent control system.This device is through 101 glues to lathe bottom.The adjusting color controls pid control parameter reaches satisfactory effectiveness in vibration suppression.
Use this device porpoise situation to draw through contrast: setting pid control parameter wherein scaling factor is 5, and integral coefficient is 5, and differential coefficient is-5 o'clock, and amplitude descends 15%; Setting pid control parameter wherein scaling factor is 15, and integral coefficient is 5, and differential coefficient is-5 o'clock, and amplitude descends 25%.
Embodiment 5: a kind of purposes of intelligent vibration damping device in mechanical vibration damping
This device is embodiment's 1 said passive damping and the active damping intelligent vibration damping device that combines, its application in the stirrer vibration and noise reducing.During application, the violent position of vibration that this intelligent vibration damping device places stirrer through the adjusting color controls pid control parameter, makes the stirrer vibration damping reach the control effect.
Vibration during the stirrer operation can produce bigger noise, has brought environmental pollution.Choose polyurethane foam as the passive damping material, be processed into the sheet material of 300 * 50 * 10 (mm), the piezoelectric ceramic (PMNG) of choosing 4 50 * 30 * 0.2 (mm) pastes the surface of polyurethane foam uniformly with 101 glue.Go out lead-in wire in the piezoelectric constant surface soldered; Choosing one of them piezoelectric ceramic links to each other with capture card and uses as sensor; All the other piezoelectric ceramics are connected as driver with driving power and use; Build the active damping intelligent control system, capture card, driving power and controller can be connected with the real-time control system of utilizing XPC target to be made through netting twine then.This device is with around 101 glues to the bearing connecting vessels.The adjusting color controls pid control parameter reaches the effectiveness in vibration suppression that meets.
Use this device porpoise situation to draw through contrast: setting pid control parameter wherein scaling factor is 5, and integral coefficient is 5, and differential coefficient is-5 o'clock; Amplitude descends 20%, and setting pid control parameter wherein scaling factor is 15, and integral coefficient is 5; Differential coefficient is-5 o'clock, and amplitude descends 30%.
Claims (9)
1. intelligent vibration damping device; It is characterized in that a kind of passive damping and the active damping intelligent vibration damping device that combines; In this device, passive damping is to utilize damping material absorption portion mechanical energy, and active damping is the active damping intelligence structure of utilizing based on piezoelectric effect; Realization is to effective control of vibration; Said active damping intelligence structure is made up of sensor, driver, capture card, controller, driving power and real-time control system, and wherein: sensor and driver bond to the surface of passive damping material, and are connected with controller; Sensor is connected with capture card, and driver is connected with driving power, and capture card, driving power and controller are connected with real-time control system.
2. intelligent vibration damping device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that said passive damping material adopts polymer-based damping material or high damping alloy material.
3. intelligent vibration damping device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that said sensor and driver all adopt piezoelectric ceramic.
4. intelligent vibration damping device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that said controller adopts the PID fuzzy algorithmic approach, and its Control Parameter is set according to the amplitude of vibration, makes effectiveness in vibration suppression reach best.
5. intelligent vibration damping device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that said real-time control system is for being made by XPC target or directly buying finished product.
6. the preparation method of the said intelligent vibration damping device of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 5 is characterized in that adopting the preparation method of following steps:
(1) early-stage preparations:, confirm the kind of required passive damping material, the number of piezoelectric constant and the Control Parameter of controller according to the frequency and the amplitude of extraneous vibration;
(2) the passive damping material of making moulding: the passive damping material is pasted the surface that needs the vibration control position, or directly use as structural member;
(3) paste: a plurality of piezoelectric ceramics respectively as sensor or driver, are pasted piezoelectric ceramic the surface of in type passive damping material then according to the extraneous vibration distribution situation;
(4) set up the active damping intelligence structure: go out lead-in wire in the piezoelectric ceramic surface soldered; Wherein the lead-in wire as the piezoelectric ceramic of sensor is connected with capture card; Lead-in wire as the piezoelectric ceramic of driver is connected with driving power; Capture card, driving power and controller are connected with real-time control system then, set up the active damping intelligence structure;
(5) the passive damping material is not pasted the position of a side bonds of piezoelectric constant to the need vibration damping.
7. like the preparation method of the said intelligent vibration damping device of claim 5, it is characterized in that in the step (2), utilize tackiness agent mode bonding or welding the passive damping material to be pasted the surface that needs the vibration control position.
8. like the preparation method of the said intelligent vibration damping device of claim 5; It is characterized in that in the step (4); Capture card, driving power and controller are connected through netting twine and the XPC target real-time control system that is made, or are connected with the real-time control system of directly buying through draw-in groove.
9. the purposes of the said intelligent vibration damping device of arbitrary claim in the claim 1 to 5; The more violent position of vibration when it is characterized in that said intelligent vibration damping device places all kinds of mechanical movement; Through the adjusting color controls pid control parameter, make mechanical vibration damping reach the control effect.
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Cited By (13)
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| CN103195863A (en) * | 2013-02-26 | 2013-07-10 | 青岛理工大学 | Intelligent system for controlling damping of mechanical structure |
| CN103326617A (en) * | 2013-05-27 | 2013-09-25 | 武汉理工大学 | Vibration reduction and energy recovery system based on piezoelectric composites and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN104965442A (en) * | 2015-07-08 | 2015-10-07 | 吉林大学 | Method for determining bonding position of a loss factor frequency-dependent unconstrained damping layer on white car body |
| CN107165978A (en) * | 2017-06-06 | 2017-09-15 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A kind of two-dimentional vibration absorber of phonon crystal axle |
| CN107218341A (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2017-09-29 | 武汉理工大学 | Double-deck active control vibration damping device and method |
| CN107831801A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-03-23 | 北京海月星科技有限公司 | A kind of vibration absorber |
| CN108458037A (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2018-08-28 | 安徽工程大学 | A kind of passive mixing vibration controller of flexible thin master |
| CN108919648A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2018-11-30 | 太原科技大学 | Blower fan tower barrel semi-active control method based on fuzzy logic inference |
| CN110111657A (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2019-08-09 | 浙江求是科教设备有限公司 | A kind of digital power electronic experiment bed based on XPC technology |
| CN110745156A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-02-04 | 青岛理工大学 | Active and passive hybrid control system for dynamic behavior of high-speed train |
| CN112855488A (en) * | 2019-11-12 | 2021-05-28 | 宁波方太厨具有限公司 | Booster pump |
| CN113339445A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-09-03 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | Active and passive damping vibration attenuation structure based on piezoelectric ceramic piece |
| CN114683865A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2022-07-01 | 中国航天科工飞航技术研究院（中国航天海鹰机电技术研究院） | Magnetic suspension train vibration adjusting device and method and magnetic suspension train |
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Cited By (19)
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| CN103195863A (en) * | 2013-02-26 | 2013-07-10 | 青岛理工大学 | Intelligent system for controlling damping of mechanical structure |
| CN103326617A (en) * | 2013-05-27 | 2013-09-25 | 武汉理工大学 | Vibration reduction and energy recovery system based on piezoelectric composites and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN103326617B (en) * | 2013-05-27 | 2016-01-06 | 武汉理工大学 | Based on the vibration damping and energy-recuperation system and preparation method thereof of piezo-electricity composite material |
| CN104965442A (en) * | 2015-07-08 | 2015-10-07 | 吉林大学 | Method for determining bonding position of a loss factor frequency-dependent unconstrained damping layer on white car body |
| CN107218341A (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2017-09-29 | 武汉理工大学 | Double-deck active control vibration damping device and method |
| CN107165978B (en) * | 2017-06-06 | 2019-04-19 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A kind of two-dimentional vibration absorber of phonon crystal axis |
| CN107165978A (en) * | 2017-06-06 | 2017-09-15 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A kind of two-dimentional vibration absorber of phonon crystal axle |
| CN107831801A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-03-23 | 北京海月星科技有限公司 | A kind of vibration absorber |
| CN108458037A (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2018-08-28 | 安徽工程大学 | A kind of passive mixing vibration controller of flexible thin master |
| CN108919648A (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2018-11-30 | 太原科技大学 | Blower fan tower barrel semi-active control method based on fuzzy logic inference |
| CN108919648B (en) * | 2018-07-26 | 2021-10-01 | 太原科技大学 | Semi-active control method for fan tower drum based on fuzzy logic reasoning |
| CN110111657A (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2019-08-09 | 浙江求是科教设备有限公司 | A kind of digital power electronic experiment bed based on XPC technology |
| CN110745156A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-02-04 | 青岛理工大学 | Active and passive hybrid control system for dynamic behavior of high-speed train |
| CN112855488A (en) * | 2019-11-12 | 2021-05-28 | 宁波方太厨具有限公司 | Booster pump |
| CN112855488B (en) * | 2019-11-12 | 2022-04-19 | 宁波方太厨具有限公司 | Booster pump |
| CN114683865A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2022-07-01 | 中国航天科工飞航技术研究院（中国航天海鹰机电技术研究院） | Magnetic suspension train vibration adjusting device and method and magnetic suspension train |
| CN114683865B (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2023-12-05 | 中国航天科工飞航技术研究院（中国航天海鹰机电技术研究院） | Magnetic levitation train vibration adjusting device and method and magnetic levitation train |
| CN113339445A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-09-03 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | Active and passive damping vibration attenuation structure based on piezoelectric ceramic piece |
| CN113339445B (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2023-03-14 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | Active and passive damping vibration attenuation structure based on piezoelectric ceramic piece |
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