CN102700532B - Braking device adopting magnet brake to realize vehicle locking prevention function and control method - Google Patents

Braking device adopting magnet brake to realize vehicle locking prevention function and control method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102700532B
CN102700532B CN201210182242.8A CN201210182242A CN102700532B CN 102700532 B CN102700532 B CN 102700532B CN 201210182242 A CN201210182242 A CN 201210182242A CN 102700532 B CN102700532 B CN 102700532B
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brake
braking
electromagnetic
friction
control unit
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CN201210182242.8A
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CN102700532A (en
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何仁
刘学军
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Tianhe automotive parts (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.
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Jiangsu University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a braking device adopting a magnet brake to realize a vehicle locking prevention function and a control method. An oil return solenoid valve, an oil inlet solenoid valve, a braking pipeline pressure sensor, a wheel speed sensor and a braking pedal position sensor are connected with an integrated control unit through wire harnesses respectively; the integrated control unit collects the signals of the braking pipeline pressure sensor and the braking pedal position sensor to determine a target braking torque, distributes friction braking torque and electromagnetic braking torque reasonably, realizes a wheel locking prevention function through torque regulation of a magnet brake, and achieves the vehicle locking prevention function by utilizing the magnet brake; and the magnet brake participates in shunting of vehicle braking energy in the whole braking process, so that the braking is rapider and more stable, the braking noise is lower, poisonous friction dust produced by friction braking can be greatly reduced, the safety and the thermal failure prevention performance of a braking system are improved, the service life of the braking system is prolonged, and the maintenance cost of the braking system is reduced.

Description

Magnet stopper is adopted to realize brake equipment and the control method of anti-lock vehicle
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of car brakeing anti-lock device, be related specifically to by friction braking and electromagnetic braking combined action, eventually through the brake equipment and the control method that regulate electromagnetic braking moment size to realize car brakeing anti-lock function.
Background technology
The braking anti-lock function of current vehicle is by regulating the lock torque of friction brake to realize.Although this technology comparative maturity, in this brake system, also there are some shortcomings, as: friction braking noise is comparatively large, brakes not steady; In brake piping, the mass inertia of liquids and gases can cause braking response to slow; The continuous wearing and tearing of friction lining produce a large amount of poisonous friction dust, and brake wear improves maintenance cost frequently; In the occasion of braking continuously, the temperature of drg can sharply raise, and reduces the brake efficiency of vehicle, if now run into emergency braking or racing to road conditions time, often cause serious impact to brake system, serious threat is to pedestrian and the driving safety of self.These shortcomings are all that traditional abs braking antiblock device is unescapable.
In order to overcome the shortcoming of Conventional braking systems, the deceleration and stopping performance of vehicle is improved by increasing auxiliary braking system, comparative maturity on vehicle, increase the energy that current vortex retarder or hydrodynamic retarder carry out distributed vehicle primary brake system exactly, but this technology is only used on lorry or operating passenger car at present, and also cannot be applied on the car that recoverable amount is maximum.Meanwhile, this auxiliary braking system can close its auxiliary brake function when vehicle ABS (anti-lock) system works.When vehicle ABS system works, namely braking energy is when increasing instantaneously, and auxiliary braking system loses shunting action on the contrary, and this has buried serious hidden danger to the brake safe of vehicle.
Application number is 200810020499.7, name is called that " united controller of current vortex retarder and automotive friction drg and control method " and application number are 200710022250.5, name is called controller disclosed in " a kind of automobile primary drg and retarder united controller and control method ", be in the out-of-action situation of ABS, auxiliary braking and primary brake system carry out synergy; Not mentioned when ABS works, how primary brake system and auxiliary braking system realize braking energy shunting.
Summary of the invention
In view of problems of the prior art, the present invention propose a kind of adopt magnet stopper to realize wheel anti-lock function brake equipment and control method, this device is on the basis retaining the original basic hydraulic pressure of vehicle or air pressure assisted friction braking mechanism, at automobile brake disc side design and installation magnet stopper, original ABS electronic control unit is substituted with integrating control unit, in braking procedure, by the control policy optimized, reasonable distribution is carried out to friction braking moment and electromagnetic braking moment, and when vehicle is close to critical locking state, car brakeing anti-lock function is realized by adjustment electromagnetic braking moment, ensure the effect that magnet stopper moment in the whole braking procedure of vehicle keeps braking energy to shunt.
The technical scheme that the brake equipment that the present invention adopts magnet stopper to realize anti-lock vehicle adopts is: have wheel speed sensors, vacuum booster and master brake cylinder, brake pedal, friction brake and magnet stopper, the brake pedal position sensor that dual signal exports is provided with below brake pedal, friction brake is located on friction brake brake disc, vacuum booster and master brake cylinder connect oil return solenoid valve and oil-feed electromagnetic valve respectively by brake piping, oil return solenoid valve and oil-feed electromagnetic valve are connected the brake wheel cylinder in friction brake respectively by pipeline, the pipeline on brake wheel cylinder side is provided with brake-pipe pressure sensor, described oil return solenoid valve, oil-feed electromagnetic valve, brake-pipe pressure sensor, wheel speed sensors, brake pedal position sensor connects integrating control unit respectively by wire harness, and integrating control unit is by microcomputer, signal conditioning circuit and connected the signal transformation circuit of microcomputer by different ports respectively, mu balanced circuit, power amplification circuit, current control circuit, analog to digital conversion circuit and warning circuit composition, signal conditioning circuit connects analog to digital conversion circuit, electromagnetic brake coil in magnet stopper connects current control circuit, oil return solenoid valve, oil-feed electromagnetic valve connect power amplification circuit, brake pedal position sensor and brake-pipe pressure sensor connection signal modulate circuit, wheel speed sensors and brake pedal position sensor connection signal shaping circuit.
further,magnet stopper is made up of stator assembly and armature, stator assembly comprises coil stator support and the electromagnetic brake coil be located on coil stator support and iron core, armature comprises front and back rotor disk adapter shaft and lays respectively at front rotor disk, the rear rotor disk of front and rear sides of electromagnetic brake coil and iron core, before and after rotor disk adapter shaft be connected front rotor disk and rear rotor disk through electromagnetic brake coil and iron core with coil stator support, front rotor disk to be rigidly connected friction brake brake disc by brake disc and magnet stopper adapter shaft.
The technical scheme that the control method of above-mentioned brake equipment adopts comprises the steps: 1) when integrating control unit monitors braking maneuver generation by brake-pipe pressure sensor and brake pedal position sensor, analytical calculation obtains target braking force square and distributes friction braking moment and electromagnetic braking moment; Oil return solenoid valve is placed in closed condition, the brake fluid flow of adjustment oil-feed electromagnetic valve progressively increases friction braking moment, integrating control unit progressively increases the electrical current of electromagnetic brake coil according to wheel speed sensors information simultaneously, progressively increases electromagnetic braking moment; In moment adjustment process, the proportionality coefficient of friction braking moment and electromagnetic braking moment is made to keep constant; When actual braking force square is consistent with target braking force square, integrating control unit constantly adjusts the size of electromagnetic braking moment to ensure that total lock torque is in steady state; 2) brake in adjustment process, when integrating control unit by wheel speed sensors monitor wheel have a tendency of locking time, oil return solenoid valve and oil-feed electromagnetic valve are all placed in closed condition, locking friction braking moment, electromagnetic braking moment size is constantly adjusted by gathering wheel speed sensor information, make wheel progressively close to optimal slip ratio state, realize the braking anti-lock function of vehicle; 3) in braking procedure, if when electromagnetic braking moment cannot realize car brakeing anti-lock function in its setting range, integrating control unit controls oil return solenoid valve decontrols locked friction braking moment, re-start calculating and the adjustment of lock torque, again increase or reduce electromagnetic braking moment and friction braking moment according to the proportionality coefficient in step 1), till there is new best braking anti-lock state.
The present invention retains the original basic hydraulic pressure of vehicle or air pressure assisted friction braking mechanism, four identical magnet stoppers are installed in the inner side of four wheel brake, electromagnetic brake system and former car friction braking system are integrated, original hydraulic pressure or air pressure ABS electronic control unit is replaced with friction braking and electromagnetic braking integrating control unit, by Associated brake control policy reasonable disposition friction braking moment and electromagnetic braking moment, eventually through the braking anti-lock function regulating electromagnetic braking moment to realize vehicle.Advantage of the present invention is: 1, when ABS is inoperative, two common Split flow brake energy of brake system, whole braking procedure magnet stopper all participates in the shunting of vehicle braking energy, make braking more steady, significantly reduce poisonous friction dust, the safety improving brake system and heat resistanceheat resistant failure performance that friction braking brings, extend brake system service life and reduce its maintenance cost.2, when ABS works, now wheel arrives critical locking state, needs a large amount of braking energys, electromagnetic brake system produces brake action equally, this ensures that there friction braking system wearing and tearing more even, brake oil reduces, and avoids moment sharply heat condition.3, the size ratio by changing electromagnetic braking moment changes the ABS anti-lock function that friction braking moment size realizes vehicle, and the reaction of system is sensitiveer, and execution speed is faster.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the present invention adopts magnet stopper to realize the constructional drawing of the brake equipment of anti-lock vehicle;
Fig. 2 is the johning knot composition of friction brake 9 and association part thereof in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the anatomical connectivity figure of magnet stopper 10 in Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the broken away view of Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is the anatomical connectivity figure of integrating control unit 11 in Fig. 1;
Fig. 6 is the control flow chart of brake equipment shown in Fig. 1;
In figure: 1, wheel; 2, oil return solenoid valve; 3, pressure accumulator; 4, backwash pump; 5, damper; 6, vacuum booster and master brake cylinder; 7, brake pedal; 8, brake pedal position sensor; 9, friction brake; 10, magnet stopper; 11, integrating control unit; 12, brake-pipe pressure sensor; 13, brake piping; 14, wheel speed sensors; 15, oil-feed electromagnetic valve; 16, wheel hub; 17, friction brake brake disc; 18, brake disc and magnet stopper adapter shaft; 19, transmission shaft; 20, front rotor disk; 21, front and back rotor disk adapter shaft; 22, rear rotor disk; 23, electromagnetic brake coil and iron core; 24, coil stator support; 25, brake wheel cylinder; 26, piston; 27, friction lining.
Detailed description of the invention
As shown in Figure 1, the original hydraulic pressure of vehicle or air pressure assisted brake system have vacuum booster and master brake cylinder 6, brake pedal 7, friction brake 9 and magnet stopper 10.Friction brake 9 is arranged on friction brake brake disc 17, vacuum booster and master brake cylinder 6 connect oil return solenoid valve 2 and oil-feed electromagnetic valve 15 respectively by brake piping 13, simultaneously, oil return solenoid valve 2 is connected friction brake 9 with oil-feed electromagnetic valve 15 respectively by pipeline 13, oil return solenoid valve 2 is connected integrating control unit 11 with oil-feed electromagnetic valve 15 respectively by wire harness, and the pipeline of oil return solenoid valve 2 and vacuum booster and master brake cylinder 6 is connected in series pressure accumulator 3, backwash pump 4 and damper 5.
As Fig. 2, friction brake 9 comprises brake wheel cylinder 25, piston 26 and friction lining 27, oil return solenoid valve 2 is connected brake wheel cylinder 25 with oil-feed electromagnetic valve 15 respectively by pipeline 13, piston 26 is provided with in brake wheel cylinder 25, piston 26 connects friction lining 27, in braking procedure, the piston 26 in brake wheel cylinder 25 can produce pressuring action by friction lining 27 pairs of brake discs 17 under the effect of oil pressure, thus produces brake action to brake disc 17.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the pipeline 13 on brake wheel cylinder 25 side increases pressure sensor 12, with brake monitoring pressure, this pressure sensor 12 is arranged on can any position in the brake piping of brake monitoring wheel cylinder 25 pressure, and connect integrating control unit 11 by wire harness, pressure sensor 12 moment provides brake pressure signal to integrating control unit 11.Wheel speed sensors 14 is arranged on wheel 1 by form conventional in present vehicle, and wheel speed sensors 14 connects integrating control unit 11 by wire harness.The brake pedal position sensor 8 that dual signal exports is installed below brake pedal 7, to monitor the braking intention of chaufeur; Brake pedal position sensor 8 connects integrating control unit 11 by wire harness, brake pedal position sensor 8 can export the brake pedal position signal of two-way equivalence, with the system works mal preventing Signal Fail in frequent braking procedure from causing, the position signal of integrating control unit 11 moment brake monitoring pedal, when brake pedal position sensor 8 one road signal breaks down, system can be reported to the police and startup separator handler, is maintained the normal operation of system by another road signal.
As Fig. 1, Fig. 3, shown in Fig. 4, brake disc wheel hub 16 connects friction brake brake disc 17, magnet stopper 10 is installed inside friction brake brake disc 17, magnet stopper 10 is made up of stator assembly and armature, stator assembly comprises electromagnetic brake coil and iron core 23 and coil stator support 24, armature comprises front rotor disk 20, rear rotor disk 22 and front and back rotor disk adapter shaft 21, front rotor disk 20, rear rotor disk 22 is all made with the ferromagnetic material that magnetic property is good, electromagnetic brake coil and iron core 23 are arranged on coil stator support 24, before front rotor disk 20 and rear rotor disk 22 lay respectively at electromagnetic brake coil and iron core 23, rear both sides, front and back rotor disk adapter shaft 21 is also connected front rotor disk 20 and rear rotor disk 22 through electromagnetic brake coil and iron core 23 with coil stator support 24, front rotor disk 20 to be rigidly connected friction brake brake disc 17 by brake disc and magnet stopper adapter shaft 18.The input and output flange of armature links together with transmission shaft 19 and brake disc wheel hub 16 respectively, freely can rotate with transmission shaft 19.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 5, integrating control unit 11 is made up of microcomputer, signal transformation circuit, mu balanced circuit, signal conditioning circuit, power amplification circuit, current control circuit, analog to digital conversion circuit and warning circuit, microcomputer adopts ARM, DSP, CPLD or FPGA etc., microcomputer is by different ports connection signal shaping circuit, mu balanced circuit, power amplification circuit, current control circuit, analog to digital conversion circuit and warning circuit respectively, and signal conditioning circuit connects microcomputer by analog to digital conversion circuit.The connection terminal of integrating control unit 11 is made up of sensor input, control output end connection terminal that is sub and other necessity.Electromagnetic brake coil in electromagnetic brake coil and iron core 23 connects current control circuit, hydraulic pressure or air pressure oil return solenoid valve 2, oil-feed electromagnetic valve 15 connect power amplification circuit, brake pedal position sensor 8 and pressure sensor 12 connection signal modulate circuit, wheel speed sensors 14, brake pedal switch and brake pedal position sensor 8 connection signal shaping circuit, storage battery power supply circuit connects mu balanced circuit.Process brake-pipe pressure signal, brake pedal position signal, wheel speed signal etc. are accepted by integrating control unit 11, by controlling the mode of the electric current of oil return solenoid valve 2, oil-feed electromagnetic valve 15 and electromagnetic brake coil and iron core 23 coil, realize to the step-less adjustment of friction braking moment and electromagnetic braking moment with keep function.
As shown in figures 1 to 6, the present invention's friction braking and electromagnetic braking integrating control unit 11 replace the ECU in original hydraulic pressure or air pressure ABS system, adopt Associated brake control policy and control method, concured by hydraulic pressure or air pressure assisted friction braking and electromagnetic braking, realize wheel anti-lock function primarily of electromagnetic braking.The function of car brakeing anti-lock is realized by the method for the lock torque regulating magnet stopper.Integrating control unit 11 calculates target braking force square according to sensor signal, and it is distributed to friction brake and magnet stopper by the proportionate relationship optimized, in braking procedure, integrating control unit 11 passes through oil return solenoid valve 2, the control of oil-feed electromagnetic valve 15, rapidly by friction braking pressure adjusting to the due target braking force square of friction brake, meanwhile, integrating control unit 11 regulates according to the electric current of wheel speed sensors 14 signal to electromagnetic brake coil and iron core 23 coil, rapidly electromagnetic system power is adjusted to the due target braking force square of magnet stopper, if by the process of fixing proportionality coefficient adjustment, two lock torques occur that wheel lockup is inclined to, integrating control unit 11 will lock friction braking moment, and according to the information of wheel speed sensors 14, ABS is adopted to control conventional logic threshold self aligning control method, continuous adjustment electromagnetic braking moment, make wheel progressively close to optimal slip ratio state.After opening ignition lock, integrating control unit 11 is energized and completes initial work, the change of moment brake monitoring pedal position sensor 8, brake-pipe pressure sensor 12 and wheel speed sensors 14 in vehicle operation.After integrating control unit 11 confirms the braking intention of chaufeur, it will calculate the target rate of braking of chaufeur applying according to the information of each sensor, and calculates the target total braking force square of corresponding system.Concrete control method is as follows:
1, when integrating control unit 11 is monitored by brake-pipe pressure sensor 12 and brake pedal position sensor 8 and collect braking maneuver occur time, integrating control unit 11 is by carrying out analytical calculation determination target braking force square to the information of brake-pipe pressure sensor 12, brake pedal position sensor 8, target braking force square adds target electromagnetic lock torque by target friction braking force square, then, integrating control unit 11 pairs of friction braking moments and electromagnetic braking moment carry out reasonable distribution, and increase friction and electromagnetic braking moment rapidly.Friction braking moment is realized by the pressure of adjustment hydraulic pressure or pneumatic circuit, oil return solenoid valve 2 is placed in closed condition by integrating control unit, by the brake fluid flow of PWM mode adjustment oil-feed electromagnetic valve 15, progressively increase the brake-pressure of brake wheel cylinder 25, namely progressively increase friction braking moment.Meanwhile, electromagnetic braking moment is realized by the size adjusting electric current according to the speed of a motor vehicle, and integrating control unit 11 progressively increases the electrical current of electromagnetic brake coil according to speed information, namely progressively increases electromagnetic braking moment.In moment adjustment process, the proportionality coefficient of friction braking moment and electromagnetic braking moment keeps constant.Make actual braking force square progressively close to target braking force square.
2, when actual braking force square is consistent with target braking force square, namely integrating control unit 11 realize target lock torque time, integrating control unit 11 is according to former car wheel speed signal, by constantly adjusting the size of electromagnetic braking moment to ensure that total lock torque is in steady state, namely vehicle slows down with constant lock torque.
3, in braking adjustment process, when integrating control unit 11 by wheel speed sensors 14 monitor wheel have a tendency of locking time, oil return solenoid valve 2 and oil-feed electromagnetic valve 15 are all placed in closed condition by integrating control unit 11, the now maintain constant pressure of brake wheel cylinder 25, locking friction braking moment, namely friction braking moment keeps constant.Integrating control unit 11 is now by gathering wheel speed sensors 14 information, adopt the logic threshold self aligning control method that traditional braking antiblock device adopts, the size mode of continuous adjustment electromagnetic braking moment, make wheel 1 progressively close to optimal slip ratio state, and remain on the best slip state of 20%, realize the braking anti-lock function of vehicle.
4, in braking procedure, if changed because of coefficient of road adhesion or the external condition such as other reasons changes, wheel is in optimal slip ratio state to cause integrating control unit 11 cannot ensure in electromagnetic torque setting range, when i.e. electromagnetic braking moment cannot realize car brakeing anti-lock function in its setting range, control oil inlet and oil return electromagnetic valve 2 is laid down friction braking moment by integrating control unit 11, integrating control unit 11 will decontrol rapidly the friction braking moment locked, re-start calculating and the adjustment of lock torque, control electromagnetic braking moment and friction braking moment again increase according to the proportionality coefficient in the 1st step or reduce, by finding new wheel lockup transformation point, reach new anti-lock state processed, till there is new best braking anti-lock state, wheel anti-lock function is realized to ensure that vehicle can be regulated by electromagnetic torque under any road conditions condition.

Claims (2)

1. the brake equipment adopting magnet stopper to realize anti-lock vehicle, there is wheel speed sensors (14), vacuum booster and master brake cylinder (6), brake pedal (7), friction brake (9) and magnet stopper (10), brake pedal (7) is provided with the brake pedal position sensor (8) that dual signal exports below, friction brake (9) is located on friction brake brake disc (17), vacuum booster and master brake cylinder (6) connect oil return solenoid valve (2) and oil-feed electromagnetic valve (15) respectively by brake piping, oil return solenoid valve (2) and oil-feed electromagnetic valve (15) are connected the brake wheel cylinder (25) in friction brake (9) respectively by pipeline, it is characterized in that: on the pipeline on brake wheel cylinder (25) side, be provided with brake-pipe pressure sensor (12), described oil return solenoid valve (2), oil-feed electromagnetic valve (15), brake-pipe pressure sensor (12), wheel speed sensors (14), brake pedal position sensor (8) connects integrating control unit (11) respectively by wire harness, integrating control unit (11) is by microcomputer, signal conditioning circuit and connected the signal transformation circuit of microcomputer by different ports respectively, mu balanced circuit, power amplification circuit, current control circuit, analog to digital conversion circuit and warning circuit composition, signal conditioning circuit connects analog to digital conversion circuit, electromagnetic brake coil in magnet stopper (10) connects current control circuit, oil return solenoid valve (2), oil-feed electromagnetic valve (15) connect power amplification circuit, brake pedal position sensor (8) and brake-pipe pressure sensor (12) connection signal modulate circuit, wheel speed sensors (14) and brake pedal position sensor (8) connection signal shaping circuit, described magnet stopper (10) is made up of stator assembly and armature, stator assembly comprises coil stator support (24) and the electromagnetic brake coil be located on coil stator support (24) and iron core (23), before armature comprises front and back rotor disk adapter shaft (21) and lays respectively at electromagnetic brake coil and iron core (23), the front rotor disk (20) of rear both sides, rear rotor disk (22), before and after rotor disk adapter shaft (21) be connected front rotor disk (20) and rear rotor disk (22) through electromagnetic brake coil and iron core (23) with coil stator support (24), front rotor disk (20) to be rigidly connected friction brake brake disc (17) by brake disc and magnet stopper adapter shaft (18).
2. a control method for brake equipment as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
1) when integrating control unit (11) monitors braking maneuver generation by brake-pipe pressure sensor (12) and brake pedal position sensor (8), analytical calculation obtains target braking force square and distributes friction braking moment and electromagnetic braking moment; Oil return solenoid valve (2) is placed in closed condition, the brake fluid flow of adjustment oil-feed electromagnetic valve (15) progressively increases friction braking moment, simultaneously, integrating control unit (11) progressively increases the electrical current of electromagnetic brake coil according to wheel speed sensors (14) information, progressively increases electromagnetic braking moment; In moment adjustment process, the proportionality coefficient of friction braking moment and electromagnetic braking moment is made to keep constant; When actual braking force square is consistent with target braking force square, integrating control unit (11) constantly adjusts the size of electromagnetic braking moment to ensure that total lock torque is in steady state;
2) brake in adjustment process, when integrating control unit (11) by wheel speed sensors (14) monitor wheel have a tendency of locking time, oil return solenoid valve (2) and oil-feed electromagnetic valve (15) are all placed in closed condition, locking friction braking moment, electromagnetic braking moment size is constantly adjusted by gathering wheel speed sensors (14) information, make wheel progressively close to optimal slip ratio state, realize the braking anti-lock function of vehicle;
3) in braking procedure, if when electromagnetic braking moment cannot realize car brakeing anti-lock function in its setting range, integrating control unit (11) controls oil return solenoid valve (2) and decontrols locked friction braking moment, re-start calculating and the adjustment of lock torque, again increase or reduce electromagnetic braking moment and friction braking moment according to the proportionality coefficient in step 1), till there is new best braking anti-lock state.
CN201210182242.8A 2012-06-05 2012-06-05 Braking device adopting magnet brake to realize vehicle locking prevention function and control method Expired - Fee Related CN102700532B (en)

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Effective date of registration: 20151225

Address after: 201814 Shanghai city Anting town Jiading District Bai'an Road No. 188

Patentee after: Tianhe automotive parts (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.

Address before: Zhenjiang City, Jiangsu Province, 212013 Jingkou District Road No. 301

Patentee before: Jiangsu University

CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee

Granted publication date: 20150422

Termination date: 20180605