CN102699553B - Method for manufacturing underwater flexible cutting material - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing underwater flexible cutting material Download PDFInfo
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- CN102699553B CN102699553B CN201210008963.7A CN201210008963A CN102699553B CN 102699553 B CN102699553 B CN 102699553B CN 201210008963 A CN201210008963 A CN 201210008963A CN 102699553 B CN102699553 B CN 102699553B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for manufacturing an underwater flexible cutting material. The method includes a step one, manufacturing Al powder, Fe powder, Cu2O powder, CuO powder and rare-earth cerium into a powder core material by a mixing stirrer; a step two, manufacturing a plurality of cutting wires by a multi-roll continuous rolling and multi-pass continuous wire drawing and reducing method by the aid of a multifunctional powder core wire forming machine; a step three, manufacturing an iron-copper-iron composite metal strap with the thickness of 0.8mm by a forging technology; and a step four, winding the composite metal strap on the cutting wires to manufacture a cutting material with a hollow structure, and winding a polyethylene tape on the outer side of a cutting pipe to form an insulating layer on the outer side of the cutting pipe. The material is used for quickly cutting and detaching steel structures and reinforced concrete in underwater environments, does not need cutting gas or a cutting power source, and is high in cutting efficiency, wide in cut object range, convenient and safe to carry, simple in operation and low in cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the metal material cutting technique field for flexible cutting under water, relate to one flexible cutting material and preparation method thereof under water.
Background technology
21 century is century of ocean, and along with the exploitation of ocean, a large amount of off-shore structures is built, and meanwhile, the submerged structures such as a large amount of waste and old harbours, Discarded Drilling Materials platform also will be caused to need to be removed, and are navigation removing obstacles.And the difficult point of these submerged structure barrier-breakings is that underwater portion structure can only be removed under water, and these submerged structures have reinforced concrete structure, too increase the difficulty of dismounting.
Now, remove metal structure and reinforced concrete structure under water and mainly adopt subsea cutting technology, subsea cutting technology aerobic conventional at present-combustible gas cutting, under water oxygen-arc cutting, metal-electric arc cutting, submarine mechanical cutting, water jet cutting, underwater plasma cutting, blast cutting etc.Oxygen-combustible gas cutting is unwell to cutting corrosion resisting steel, stainless steel, cast iron and non-ferrous metal than titanium, oxygen under water-arc cutting, metal-electric arc cutting, submarine mechanical cutting, water jet cutting, underwater plasma cutting all need livewire work, there is potential safety hazard, and water jet cutting, equipment required for underwater plasma cutting are comparatively complicated, equipment manufacturing cost is expensive, huge not easily portable, and blast cutting danger is larger.
Patent application CN201010536018.5 discloses a kind of material for fast hand cutting, a kind of material for fast hand cutting, it is characterized in that: the hollow tubular structure be made up of incising pipes and the many inner cutting wire materials of outside, wherein said incising pipes is the steel pipe adopting Forging Technology to be prepared from, and the inside and outside electroplating technology that adopts of steel pipe is respectively coated with the thick copper plate of 0.1mm; Described cutting wire material length is identical with incising pipes, be made up of crust and powder core, described crust is mild steel 08F steel band, and its chemical composition is: by weight percentage, C 0.05% ~ 0.11%, Si≤0.03%, Mn 0.25% ~ 0.50%, P≤0.035%, S≤0.035%, Ni≤0.25%, Cr≤0.10%, all the other are iron and inevitable impurity; Described powder core by weight percentage, consists of CuO powder 2 ~ 8%, cerium 0.4 ~ 2%, and surplus is iron powder.But, the powder core component of this material for fast hand cutting and constituent content are only suitable for cutting in atmosphere, its heat release alloy CuO and Fe liberated heat that burns in oxygen is nowhere near and supports cutting material continual burning in water, thus cannot meet it and cut under water.
Therefore, need badly and produce on the basis of high-energy principle at research arc ignition heat release alloy material, exploitation is a kind of without the need to cutting combustion gas and cutting power supply, cutting speed is fast, safety, easy to carry, the simple to operate and imderwater cutting material that cost is low, for fly-cutting and the dismounting of underwater environment steel construction and armored concrete.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the defect of existing various subsea cutting technology, utilize the combustion characteristics of exothermic material in oxygen, there is provided a kind of without the need to cutting combustion gas and cutting power supply, cutting efficiency is high, cutting object scope is wide, easy to carry, safety, flexible under water cutting material that simple to operate and cost is low and preparation method thereof, for metal and armored concrete under water fly-cutting and crack.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of preparation method of flexible cutting material under water, is characterized in that:
Step 1, batch mixing mixer are by Al powder, Fe powder, Cu
2o powder, CuO powder and cerium, by by weight percentage, consist of Cu
2o powder 3 ~ 20%, CuO powder 5 ~ 25%, Al powder 2 ~ 10%, cerium 1 ~ 7%, surplus is that the proportioning of Fe powder mixes, and getting out SPCC-SD type cold-rolled strip, its chemical composition is: by weight percentage, C≤0.15%, Mn≤0.60%, P≤0.1%, S≤0.025%, all the other are iron and inevitable impurity;
Step 2, by multi-functional powder cored filament material forming machine, adopt multiple roll continuous rolling and the continuous hot candied tube reducing method of multiple tracks to manufacture, through cutting out band, roll band, fill out powder, sealing, wire drawing, alignment and cutting operation, obtain cutting wire material;
Step 3, prepare composite metal belt, namely Forging Technology is adopted to be prepared into the composite metal belt that thickness is the iron/copper-iron of 0.8mm, carry out copper facing again, copper facing flow process is acetone oil removing-washing-7% watery hydrochloric acid rust cleaning-washing-electronickelling bottoming-washing-copper facing-wash-dry up;
Step 4, again composite metal belt is wrapped in the incising pipes many cutting wire materials being formed cutting material outside, described cutting wire material incising pipes inner wall even distribution externally, and forms hollow structure in incising pipes center; Outside incising pipes, have a layer insulating, be wrapped in outside incising pipes by a kind of polyethylene tape to be formed.
Further, in step 3, sheet iron strip, copper strips, sheet iron strip are stacked in order, its thickness proportion be 3: 2: 3 then adopt forging method be prepared from.
Further, the composite metal belt in step 3 is the structure that mid portion is thick, marginal portion is thin; In composite metal belt winding process, edge is overlapped, the consistency of thickness of the thickness after imbricate and composite metal belt mid portion, thus the outer surface smoother of the incising pipes formed after making to be wound around cutting wire material.
Further, it is characterized in that: in step 3, copper plating bath composition is: CuSO
440g/L, H
2sO4 30ml/L, copper facing thickness is 0.1mm.
Further, incising pipes can be made straight tube or make bend pipe.
Further, the speed preparing silk material is 40-120m/min, and Aligning speed is about 5-22m/min.
Further, in step 4, in order to form hollow structure in incising pipes center, first can insert a unnecessary cutting wire material at center position, after the outside composite metal belt of winding, more unnecessary for center cutting wire material being extracted out.
Further, SPCC-SD type cold-rolled strip is replaced with F08 steel band in step 1, mild steel F08 steel band chemical composition is: by weight percentage, C 0.05% ~ 0.11%, Si≤0.03%, Mn 0.25% ~ 0.50%, P≤0.035%, S≤0.035%, Ni≤0.25%, Cr≤0.10%, all the other are iron and inevitable impurity.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1) portability, whole system mainly contains striking power supply, industrial oxygen cylinder, cutting gun etc., in cutting process, battery striking power supply, industrial oxygen cylinder are in more than the water surface, operating personnel only need to carry cutting gun and cutting material works under water, singlely just can to carry, complicated heavy equipment need not be needed as machine cuts, plasma cut etc.;
2) cutting power supply and cutting combustion gas is not needed, the cutting material that only needs to ignite under water just can disconnect striking power supply, by comburant oxygen effect, under utilizing self liberated heat held water of cutting material burning, the further sustained combustion of flexible cutting material is cut workpiece, does not need cutting power supply and cutting combustion gas;
3) security is high, and the method does not need cutting power supply in cutting process, and striking power supply used is also the battery of 24V, and can not work the mischief to operating personnel under water, security is high;
4) because incising pipes is that composite metal belt coiling forms, it can coil as bundle shape, and length easily extensible is several meters or tens meters, under water when operation, the cutting material of coiling can be sent constantly into cutting gun, thus avoid the frequent inconvenience changed cutting material and bring.
5) cutting material is made as the structure of hollow, the combustion gas passed into can be made evenly to supply cutting wire material, ensure that the stability of combustion process, prevent local silk material to burn the adverse effect excessively brought.
6) cutting efficiency is high, and flexible cutting material burning can reach the high temperature of more than 5000 DEG C, and cutting efficiency is 8-20 times of oxygen-fuel gas cutting, and have higher cutting speed, cutting efficiency is high.
7) cutting object scope is wide, flexible cutting material utilizes the liberated heat of material combustion own to support the further sustained combustion of cutting material under water, therefore, by the restriction of institute's cutting object material composition unlike oxy-acetylene flame, all metal materials can be cut, also can the nonmetallic materials such as Concrete Cutting, brick or rock, cutting object scope is wide.
8) cost is low, this under water flexible cutting material do not need complicated equipment, material composition used is mainly iron, and therefore, manufacturing cost is lower.
9) composite metal belt adopts the structure that mid portion is thick, marginal portion is thin, makes cutting material smooth in appearance, and is not easy gas leakage.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing 1 is flexible cutting material schematic diagram under water;
Accompanying drawing 2 is cross sectional representation of flexible cutting material under water;
Accompanying drawing 3 is schematic diagrames of flexible diced system under water;
Accompanying drawing 4 is cross sectional representation of the flexible under water cutting material of specification 1;
Accompanying drawing 5 is cross sectional representation of the flexible under water cutting material of specification 2;
Accompanying drawing 6 is cross sectional representation of the flexible under water cutting material of specification 3;
Accompanying drawing 7 is floor map of composite metal belt.
Wherein, 1-incising pipes; 2-cutting wire material; 3-silk material crust; 4-insulating barrier; 5-knife switch; 6-24V battery striking power supply; 7-wire; 8-copper run-on tab; 9-carbon fiber fire-fighting oxygen cylinder; 10-cut workpiece; 11-is flexible cutting material under water; 12-cutting gun; 13-oxygen gas circuit;
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described:
Test finds, in the preparation process of the cutting wire material of flexible cutting material under water, the speed preparing silk material is 10-30m/min, if throwing speed is slow, efficiency is low, and throwing speed is fast, easily breaks a material.The alignment of silk material is carried out on silk material straightener, and Aligning speed is about 5-22m/min; If Aligning speed is slow, alignment efficiency is low, and Aligning speed is fast, and the alignment of silk material does not reach requirement, the assembling of impact and incising pipes.
In addition, Cu in cutting wire material in the present invention
2adding of O powder and CuO powder is to utilize Cu
2o powder and CuO powder and aluminium, iron react releases amount of heat, is supported in carrying out smoothly of imderwater cutting.Work as Cu
2o powder percentage by weight is less than 3%, CuO powder percentage by weight when being less than 5%, and liberated heat is few, and cutting speed is less, and works as Cu
2o powder percentage by weight is greater than 20%, CuO powder percentage by weight when being greater than 25%, and reaction is violent, and burning velocity is too fast, is not easy to control.Cu
2add while O powder and CuO powder can make course of reaction steadily, continue, imderwater cutting process is also more steady.Adding of Al powder is because aluminium and Cu
2amount of heat is released in O powder and the reaction of CuO powder, and its content range is by Cu
2the content of O powder and CuO powder determines.
Cerium add the efficiency of combustion that can improve cutting material, promote cutting material Thorough combustion in oxygen.When cerium percentage by weight is less than 1%, very little to the raising effect of efficiency of combustion, in 1 ~ 7% scope, along with the increase of cerium weight ratio, also increasing to the raising of efficiency of combustion, but more than 7%, change not quite compared with 7% to the raising of efficiency of combustion, and cerium price is higher, in order to cost-saving, elect 1 ~ 7% as.
Incising pipes and cutting wire material be equipped with dimensional fits requirement, that incising pipes and cutting wire material not so can be caused to burn is asynchronous, the rule that we draw be the ratio scope of the diameter of cutting wire material and the wall thickness of incising pipes between 2.1 ~ 3, combustion synchronicity is better.Like this, adopt the tubing of different size, the different cutting wire material of in-built diameter, radical, can be assembled into the flexible cutting material of different size, cut.Here is the dimensions of concrete several flexible cutting material:
Specification 1: prepare the composite pipe with copper-iron/copper three-decker.The total wall thickness of tubing is about 0.9mm; Internal diameter 5.2mm, external diameter 7mm, the incising pipes of preparation is about as 600mm.
Cutting wire material diameter is 2.4mm, is about as 600mm, and totally 3 are assemblied in incising pipes.
Specification 2: prepare the composite pipe with copper-iron/copper three-decker.The total wall thickness of tubing is about 1mm; Internal diameter 6.6mm, external diameter 8.6mm, the incising pipes of preparation is about as 600mm.
Cutting wire material diameter is 2.4mm, is about as 600mm, and totally 5 are assemblied in incising pipes.
Specification 3: prepare the composite pipe with copper-iron/copper three-decker.The total wall thickness of tubing is about 1mm; Internal diameter 8mm, external diameter 10mm, the incising pipes of preparation is about as 600mm.
Cutting wire material diameter is 2.4mm, is about as 600mm, and totally 7 are assemblied in incising pipes.
Find through experimental study, the ratio scope of the described diameter of cutting wire material and the wall thickness of incising pipes, 2.1 ~ 3, can reach good combustion efficiency.
According to the different demands of engineer applied, different percentage by weight powder core processing cutting materials can be adopted, such as:
Embodiment 1
Step 1, batch mixing mixer are by Al powder, Fe powder, Cu
2o powder, CuO powder and cerium, by by weight percentage, consist of Cu
2o powder 3 ~ 20%, CuO powder 5 ~ 25%, Al powder 2 ~ 10%, cerium 1 ~ 7%, surplus is that the proportioning of Fe powder mixes, and getting out SPCC-SD type cold-rolled strip, its chemical composition is: by weight percentage, C≤0.15%, Mn≤0.60%, P≤0.1%, S≤0.025%, all the other are iron and inevitable impurity;
Step 2, by multi-functional powder cored filament material forming machine, adopt multiple roll continuous rolling and the continuous hot candied tube reducing method of multiple tracks to manufacture, through cutting out band, roll band, fill out powder, sealing, wire drawing, alignment and cutting operation, obtain cutting wire material;
Step 3, prepare composite metal belt, namely Forging Technology is adopted to be prepared into the composite metal belt that thickness is the iron/copper-iron of 0.8mm, carry out copper facing again, copper facing flow process is acetone oil removing-washing-7% watery hydrochloric acid rust cleaning-washing-electronickelling bottoming-washing-copper facing-wash-dry up;
Step 4, again composite metal belt is wrapped in the incising pipes many cutting wire materials being formed cutting material outside, described cutting wire material incising pipes inner wall even distribution externally, and forms hollow structure in incising pipes center.
Wherein, when preparing composite metal belt, sheet iron strip, copper strips, sheet iron strip are stacked in order, its thickness proportion be 3:2: 3 then adopt forging method be prepared from; Composite metal belt is the structure that mid portion is thick, marginal portion is thin; In composite metal belt winding process, edge is overlapped, the consistency of thickness of the thickness after imbricate and composite metal belt mid portion, thus the outer surface smoother of the incising pipes formed after making to be wound around cutting wire material.
Copper plating bath composition is: CuSO4 40g/L, H2SO4 30ml/L, and thickness of coated copper layer is 0.1mm.Straight tube can be made by the incising pipes of the method or make bend pipe.
In addition, in step 1, can replace SPCC-SD type cold-rolled strip with F08 steel band, mild steel F08 steel band chemical composition is: by weight percentage, C 0.05% ~ 0.11%, Si≤0.03%, Mn 0.25% ~ 0.50%, P≤0.035%, S≤0.035%, Ni≤0.25%, Cr≤0.10%, all the other are iron and inevitable impurity.
In step 4, in order to form hollow structure in incising pipes center, first can insert a unnecessary cutting wire material at center position, after the outside composite metal belt of winding, more unnecessary for center cutting wire material being extracted out.
Table 1
| Powder core composition | Percentage by weight % |
| Cu 2O powder | 3％ |
| CuO powder | 5％ |
| Aluminium powder | 10％ |
| Cerium | 1％ |
| Iron powder | Surplus |
Adopt the flexible cutting material that said method is prepared under water, carry out cutting test to the 45# steel plate at the depth of water 1 meter of thick 20mm in, cutting speed is 0.6mm/s.
Embodiment 2
Present embodiment is as different from Example 1: just Al powder, Fe powder, Cu
2o powder, CuO powder and cerium mix by content proportioning as shown in table 2, are wound around by 5 cutting wire materials by composite metal belt, and prepare silk material speed for about 30m/min, Aligning speed is about 22m/min.
Table 2
| Powder core composition | Percentage by weight % |
| Cu 2O powder | 20％ |
| CuO powder | 5％ |
| Aluminium powder | 5％ |
| Cerium | 7％ |
| Iron powder | Surplus |
Adopt the flexible cutting material that said method is prepared under water, carry out cutting test to the 45# steel plate at the depth of water 1 meter of thick 20mm in, cutting speed is 1.4mm/s.
Embodiment 3
Present embodiment is as different from Example 1: just Al powder, Fe powder, Cu
2o powder, CuO powder and cerium are mixed by content proportioning as shown in table 3 and are wound around by composite metal belt by 5 cutting wire materials, and prepare silk material speed for about 80m/min, Aligning speed is about 18m/min.
Adopt the flexible cutting material that said method is prepared under water, carry out cutting test to the 45# steel plate at the depth of water 1 meter of thick 20mm in, cutting speed is 2.5mm/s.
Material of the present invention can be applied to the cutting of metal material or nonmetallic materials under water; Usual nonmetallic materials can be concrete, brick or rock.
In engineering practice, imderwater cutting material require utilizes diced system to complete cutting process, diced system comprises arc ignition system, air supply system, cutting gun three parts, arc ignition system is made up of knife switch 5,24V battery striking power supply 6, wire 7, copper run-on tab 8, its effect to be ignited electric arc for flexible cutting material 11 under water, just can disconnection valve knife-like switch 5 after flexible cutting material 11 smooth combustion under water, thus disconnect striking power supply 6;
Air supply system is made up of carbon fiber fire-fighting oxygen cylinder 9 and oxygen gas circuit 13, and its effect is for cutting gun 12 provides oxygen, maintains cutting material 11 sustained combustion further, and removes the slag of cut workpiece 10; Cutting gun 12 is connected with carbon fiber fire-fighting oxygen cylinder 9 by oxygen gas circuit 13, is connected with striking power supply 6 by wire 7, and clamps cutting material 11 pairs of workpiece 10 and cut.
Table 3
| Powder core composition | Percentage by weight % |
| Cu 2O powder | 10％ |
| CuO powder | 25％ |
| Aluminium powder | 2％ |
| Cerium | 7％ |
| Iron powder | Surplus |
Its course of work is, first, carry out the preparation before cutting, be connected various parts, striking power supply 6 the two poles of the earth connect cutting gun 12 and copper run-on tab 8 (positive and negative all can) respectively, knife switch 5 is in off-state, and striking power supply 6 and carbon fiber fire-fighting oxygen cylinder 9 are in more than waterline all the time; Secondly, carry out imderwater cutting, cutting gun 12, workpiece 10, copper run-on tab 8 are complete below waterline, staff on the bank closes knife switch 5, the cutting gun 12 of flexible cutting material 11 under operating personnel's hand-held clip water holding of imderwater cutting, and oxygen sent by the oxygen flux control valve on flicking cutting gun 12, cutting material 11 end is contacted with copper run-on tab 8 and paddling, ignite electric arc, after arc burning is stable, staff's disconnection valve knife-like switch 5 on the bank, and cutting material 11 end is moved on to workpiece 10 place by underwater operation personnel cuts; Finally, after having cut, dismounting all parts, is contained in tool box.
Claims (5)
1. a preparation method for flexible cutting material under water, is characterized in that:
Step 1, batch mixing mixer are by Al powder, Fe powder, Cu
2o powder, CuO powder and cerium, by by weight percentage, consist of Cu
2o powder 3 ~ 20%, CuO powder 5 ~ 25%, Al powder 2 ~ 10%, cerium 1 ~ 7%, surplus is that the proportioning of Fe powder mixes, and getting out SPCC-SD type cold-rolled strip, its chemical composition is: by weight percentage, C≤0.15%, Mn≤0.60%, P≤0.1%, S≤0.025%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity;
Step 2, by multi-functional powder cored filament material forming machine, adopt multiple roll continuous rolling and the continuous hot candied tube reducing method of multiple tracks to manufacture, through cutting out band, roll band, fill out powder, sealing, wire drawing, alignment and cutting operation, obtain cutting wire material;
Step 3, prepare composite metal belt, namely Forging Technology is adopted to be prepared into the composite metal belt that thickness is the iron/copper-iron of 0.8mm, carry out copper facing again, copper facing flow process is acetone oil removing-washing-7% watery hydrochloric acid rust cleaning-washing-electronickelling bottoming-washing-copper facing-wash-dry up; Composite metal belt is the structure that mid portion is thick, marginal portion is thin; In composite metal belt winding process, edge is overlapped, the consistency of thickness of the thickness after imbricate and composite metal belt mid portion, thus the outer surface smoother of the incising pipes formed after making to be wound around cutting wire material;
Step 4, again composite metal belt is wrapped in the incising pipes many cutting wire materials being formed cutting material outside, described cutting wire material incising pipes inner wall even distribution externally, and forms hollow structure in incising pipes center; A layer insulating is had outside incising pipes, be wrapped in outside incising pipes by a kind of polyethylene tape to be formed, in order to form hollow structure in incising pipes center, first insert a unnecessary cutting wire material at center position, after the outside composite metal belt of winding, more unnecessary for center cutting wire material is extracted out;
Wherein, in step 3, sheet iron strip, copper strips, sheet iron strip are stacked in order, its thickness proportion is 3:2:3, then adopts forging method to be prepared from.
2. a preparation method for flexible cutting material under water as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step 3, copper plating bath composition is: CuSO
440g/L, H
2sO
430ml/L, copper facing thickness is 0.1mm.
3. a preparation method for flexible cutting material under water as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: incising pipes can be made straight tube or make bend pipe.
4. a preparation method for flexible cutting material under water as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: the speed preparing silk material is 40-120m/min, and Aligning speed is 5-22m/min.
5. the preparation method of a flexible cutting material under water as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step 1, replace SPCC-SD type cold-rolled strip with mild steel F08 steel band, mild steel F08 steel band chemical composition is: by weight percentage, C0.05% ~ 0.11%, Si≤0.03%, Mn0.25% ~ 0.50%, P≤0.035%, S≤0.035%, Ni≤0.25%, Cr≤0.10%, all the other are Fe and inevitable impurity.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210008963.7A CN102699553B (en) | 2012-01-12 | 2012-01-12 | Method for manufacturing underwater flexible cutting material |
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| US4069407A (en) * | 1975-12-10 | 1978-01-17 | Brower Jerome S | Underwater cutting rod |
| US4416444A (en) * | 1983-03-28 | 1983-11-22 | Brower Jerome S | Underwater cutting rod |
| US4654496A (en) * | 1984-04-11 | 1987-03-31 | Peter L. DeMarsh | Underwater oxy-arc cutting system using a non-thermic cutting rod |
| CN101444876A (en) * | 2008-11-20 | 2009-06-03 | 清华大学 | Manual thermit welding electrode and preparation and using methods thereof |
| CN201862929U (en) * | 2010-11-09 | 2011-06-15 | 衣衍亮 | Manually fast cutting material |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2574822Y (en) * | 2002-09-17 | 2003-09-24 | 高忠民 | Tubine main shaft flange inserted pin device |
| CN102059510B (en) * | 2010-11-09 | 2012-08-15 | 衣衍亮 | Method for preparing manual fast cutting material |
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB803721A (en) * | 1955-10-11 | 1958-10-29 | Boehler & Co Ag Geb | Coated welding-electrode |
| US4069407A (en) * | 1975-12-10 | 1978-01-17 | Brower Jerome S | Underwater cutting rod |
| US4416444A (en) * | 1983-03-28 | 1983-11-22 | Brower Jerome S | Underwater cutting rod |
| US4654496A (en) * | 1984-04-11 | 1987-03-31 | Peter L. DeMarsh | Underwater oxy-arc cutting system using a non-thermic cutting rod |
| CN101444876A (en) * | 2008-11-20 | 2009-06-03 | 清华大学 | Manual thermit welding electrode and preparation and using methods thereof |
| CN201862929U (en) * | 2010-11-09 | 2011-06-15 | 衣衍亮 | Manually fast cutting material |
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