CN102698505A - 一种净化饮用水的13x分子筛滤芯的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种净化饮用水的13x分子筛滤芯的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种净化饮用水的13x分子筛滤芯的制备方法,由包括以下重量份数的原料制备而成;活性炭粉10-200,13x分子筛粉5-200,150万-700万分子量的聚乙烯粉100-300,发孔剂10-200,制备方法包括以下步骤;1)按配方量称取各原料,混合搅拌均匀之后,置入模具中,在高温下经烧结后成型,晾至常温后脱模,制成多孔的具有规定壁厚、高度的管状构造裸滤芯;2)把裸滤芯内衬两层无纺布,外包两层无纺布,置入壳体内,该壳体壁上设有透水孔;3)配置上下端盖。本发明的滤芯适用于饮用水的深度净化处理,结构和制作工艺简单,对饮用水净化效果非常好。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于一种水净化技术,具体是一种利用13X分子筛制作滤水装置的滤芯的制备方法,该滤芯用于滤除饮用水中的重金属、氨、氮、污物,对饮用水进行深度净化处理。
技术背景
随着工、农业的迅速发展,我国的不少水资源受到了较为严重的污染。越来越多的工业废水排放到江河、湖泊中,污染了水源,破坏了我们的生态环境。其中重金属污染造成的危害巨大,而且影响深远。如:电镀、采矿、冶炼、燃料、电池和化学工业等排放的废水中含有毒性很大的镉离子(Cd2+),它能够取代骨中钙,使骨骼严重软化,引起骨痛病,还会引起胃脏功能失调,导致高血压症上升;汽车废气和工业排放物含有有毒的铅离子(Pb2+),家庭管道的腐蚀也容易导致饮用水含铅量增加,它一旦进入人体将很难排除,能直接伤害人的脑细胞,特别是胎儿的神经系统,可造成先天智力低下,临床表现为贫血、末梢神经炎,出现运动和感觉异常;另外,化妆品原料、皮革制剂、金属部件镀铬部分、工业颜料以及鞣革、橡胶和陶瓷原料等会造成铬离子(Cr6+)污染,铬的过量摄入可致腹部不适及腹泻等中毒症状,引起过敏性皮炎或湿疹,呼吸进入,对呼吸道有刺激和腐蚀作用,引起咽炎、支气管炎等。这些重金属对饮用水的污染会严重地影响人们的身体健康。
目前,工业上处理污水中重金属的方法主要通过化学沉淀法和离子交换法来去除废水中的重金属污染。但是,采用这种工艺连污水处理的排放标准都难以达到,并且运行成本非常高。如采用化学沉淀法作为含重金属废水的一级处理,去除大部分重金属离子,采用絮凝沉淀和过滤法对含重金属废水进行二级深度处理。这种方法工艺复杂,处理成本高,处理效果不够理想,也不适用于饮用水的处理。
13X分子筛是一种具有立方晶格的硅铝酸盐化合物。它具有均匀的微孔结构,它的孔穴直径大小均匀,这些孔穴能把比其直径小的分子吸附到孔腔的内部,并对极性分子和不饱和分子具有优先吸附能力,因而能把极性程度不同,饱和程度不同,分子大小不同及沸点不同的分子分离开来,即具有“筛分”分子的作用,故称分子筛。由于分子筛具有吸附能力高,热稳定性强等其它吸附剂所没有的优点,使得分子筛获得广泛的应用。目前,分子筛在冶金,化工,电子,石油化工,天然气等工业中,特别是在气体行业广泛应用。而13X分子筛中国专利02137109.1公开了一种利用13X分子筛处理含氮氨废水的方法。利用13X分子筛制作滤芯,对饮用水进行深度处理的技术还很少,因此,非常需要提出一种用13X分子筛制作滤水装置的滤芯,对饮用水进行深度净化处理的技术。
发明内容
本发明的目的是为了解决上述技术问题,提出一种净化饮用水的13x分子筛滤芯的制备方法,该方法操作简单,成本低,所制作的滤芯处理水量大,成本低,对饮用水中的重金属净化程度高。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案实现:
一种净化饮用水的13x分子筛滤芯的制备方法,由包括以下重量份数的原料制备而成;
13x分子筛粉 5-200 活性炭粉 10-200
150万-700万分子量的聚乙烯粉 100-300 发孔剂 10-200
滤芯的制备方法包括以下步骤;
1)按配方量称取各原料,混合搅拌均匀之后,置入模具中,在高温下经烧结后成型,晾至常温后脱模,即成为多孔的具有规定壁厚、高度的管状构造裸滤芯;
2)把裸滤芯内衬两层无纺布,外包两层无纺布,置入壳体内,该壳体壁上设有透水孔。
3)配置上、下端盖。
优选:一种净化饮用水的13x分子筛滤芯的制备方法,由包括以下重量份数的原料制备而成;
13x分子筛粉 50-80 活性炭粉 80-150
150万-700万分子量的聚乙烯粉 180-250 发孔剂 50-150
更优选,一种净化饮用水的13x分子筛滤芯的制备方法,由包括以下重量份数的原料制备而成;
13x分子筛粉 70 活性炭粉 90
150万-700万分子量的聚乙烯粉 200 发孔剂 50
所述的活性炭粉是净水用活性炭粉,其目数为40-200目;
所述聚乙烯粉,分子量是250万-400万,其目数为20-160目;
所述的13x分子筛粉为处理过的目数为40-200目;
所述发孔剂是食品级碳酸氢铵或偶氮二甲酰胺或草酸,其目数为150-250目。
13X分子筛比表面大,具有优良的吸附性能,分子式为Na2O·Al2O3·(2.8±0.2)SiO2·(6-7)H2O。13X分子筛的孔径10A,吸附小于10A任何分子,可用于催化剂协载体、水和二氧化碳共吸附、水和硫化氢气体共吸附,13X分子筛主要应用于医药和空气压缩系统的干燥,根据不同的应用有不同的专业品种。本次运用在净水处理上属于新的应用。13X型分子筛对阳离子的选择顺序为Pb2+、Cu2+、Ba2+、Sr2+、Hg2+、Cd2+、Zn2+、Ni2+、Ca2+、NH、K+、Au2+、Na+、Mg2+、Li+。所以不受水中常见的钙镁钠等的干扰,优先选择重金属Pb2+、Hg2+、Cd2+等。同时一些研究表明,用13X分子筛处理含铅、镉、汞等微污染水时,出水浓度、处理时间处理量及吸附量方面,效果基本由于其他的净化材料,效率高。13X分子筛之所以能够有效的去除重金属离子,根本原因是其具有特殊的警惕机构,13X分子筛具有很大的比表面积,表面可以吸附大量的重金属离子,尤其是其晶体结果中部分四价跪为三价硅所取代,而至负荷过剩,因此,在结构中有一价或而价阳离子如钠钾钙等补偿过剩电荷,这些阳离子存在与分子筛的大空洞(0.9nm)中,可与别的离子进行交换反应,导致13X分子筛具有大的交换容量。当分子筛与重金属离子接触时,分子筛孔洞的这些阳离子就与重金属离子发生离子交换。吸附了重金属的13X分子筛是优良的无机抗菌剂,安全,广谱,无二次污染环境等优点。13X分子筛在吸附氨氮、硬度等方面也有一定的作用。
本发明的一种净化饮用水的13x分子筛滤芯的制备方法,操作简单,成本低,所制作的净化饮用水的13x分子筛滤芯具有较强的机械强度和抗压性,通透性好,具有13X分子筛的强有力的滤除重金属、氨、氮和软化饮用水的功能,同时能有效地滤除饮用水中的各种污物、杂质,对饮用水进行深度净化处理,净化程度非常高,而且使用方便,成本低,非常适合家庭终端饮用水处理。
附图说明
图1是本发明的结构示意图。
图中:1-上端盖,2-外壳,3-裸滤芯,4-内置无纺布,5-外置无纺布,6-下端盖
本发明产品的外形并不受此图的限制,仅外形改变也属于本发明专利的保护范围。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明做进一步说明,实施例1:参见附图,一种净化饮用水的13x分子筛滤芯的制备方法,由包括以下重量份数的原料制备而成;
200目13x分子筛粉 70g 60目净水活性炭粉 90g
120目400万分子量的聚乙烯粉 200g 100目发孔剂 50g
制备方法包括以下步骤;
1)按配方量称取各原料,混合搅拌均匀之后,置入模具中,在高温下经烧结后成型,晾至常温后脱模,即成为多孔的具有规定壁厚、高度的管状构造裸滤芯3;
2)把裸滤芯内衬两层无纺布4,外包两层无纺布5,置入壳体2内,该壳体壁上设有透水孔;
3)配置上、下端盖。
实施例2一种净化饮用水的13x分子筛滤芯的制备方法,由包括以下重量份数的原料制备而成;
13x分子筛粉 5 活性炭粉 10
150万-700万分子量的聚乙烯粉 100 发孔剂 10
制备方法同实施例1。
实施例3一种净化饮用水的13x分子筛滤芯的制备方法,由包括以下重量份数的原料制备而成;
13x分子筛粉 100 活性炭粉 200
150万-700万分子量的聚乙烯粉 300 发孔剂 200
制备方法同实施例1。
应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和改变,这些改进和改变也应视为本发明专利的保护范围。
Claims (4)
1.一种净化饮用水的13x分子筛滤芯的制备方法,由包括以下重量份数的原料制备而成;
活性炭粉 10-200 13x 分子筛粉 5-200
150万-700万分子量的聚乙烯粉 100-300 发孔剂 10-200
制备方法包括以下步骤;
1)按配方量称取各原料,混合搅拌均匀之后,置入模具中,在200-300度高温下烧结后成型,晾至常温后脱模,制成多孔的具有规定壁厚、高度的管状构造裸滤芯(3);
2)把裸滤芯内衬两层无纺布(4),外包两层无纺布(5),置入壳体(2)内,该壳体壁上设有透水孔(21);
3)配置上下端盖(1、6)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种净化饮用水的13x分子筛滤芯的制备方法,由包括以下重量份数的原料制备而成;
活性炭粉 80-150 13x 分子筛粉 50-80
150万-700万分子量的聚乙烯粉 180-250 发孔剂 50-150。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种净化饮用水的13x分子筛滤芯的制备方法,由包括以下重量份数的原料制备而成;
活性炭粉 90 13x分子筛粉 70
150万-700万分子量的聚乙烯粉 200 发孔剂 50。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种净化饮用水的13x分子筛滤芯的制备方法,所述的活性炭粉是净水用活性炭粉,其目数为40-200目;所述的聚乙烯粉,分子量是250万-400万,其目数为20-160目;所述的13x分子筛粉为40-200目;所述的发孔剂是食品级碳酸氢铵或偶氮二甲酰胺或草酸,其目数为150-250目。
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