CN102694270B - Meta-material device for changing width of electromagnetic wave - Google Patents

Meta-material device for changing width of electromagnetic wave Download PDF

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CN102694270B
CN102694270B CN201210128184.0A CN201210128184A CN102694270B CN 102694270 B CN102694270 B CN 102694270B CN 201210128184 A CN201210128184 A CN 201210128184A CN 102694270 B CN102694270 B CN 102694270B
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metamaterial
sheet
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metal
meta
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CN102694270A (en
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刘若鹏
赵治亚
寇超锋
李云龙
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Kuang Chi Institute of Advanced Technology
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Kuang Chi Innovative Technology Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a meta-material device for changing width of electromagnetic wave. The meta-material device comprises a first meta-material plate and a second meta-material plate which are arranged on a same central shaft, wherein the length of the first meta-material plate is shorter than that of the second meta-material plate; the first meta-material plate is used for diverging electromagnetic wave radiated by a feed source; and the second meta-material plate is used for converting the diverged electromagnetic wave to be plane wave for transmission. The meta-material device has a simple structure, and with the adoption of the meta-material device, the width of the electromagnetic wave can be increased, and transmission distance of the electromagnetic wave is enlarged.

Description

A kind of meta-material device changing width of electromagnetic wave
Technical field
The present invention relates to Meta Materials technical field, particularly relate to a kind of meta-material device changing width of electromagnetic wave.
Background technology
Electromagnetic width refers to electromagnetic radiation scope, and in existing communication system, the width of electromagenetic wave radiation is larger, then its quorum sensing inhibitor face is wider.Plane wave is a kind of mode of electromagnetic transmission, adopts plane wave transmission electromagnetic wave phase to expand electromagnetic transmission range greatly than sphere wave energy, and when adopting plane wave transmission electromagnetic wave, its width of electromagnetic wave is restricted, not as the transmission width of spherical wave.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention is, provides a kind of meta-material principle that utilizes to design, and electromagnetic wave can be changed again simultaneously the meta-material device of plane electromagnetic wave width with plane wave transmission.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves the employing of its technical problem is, a kind of meta-material device changing width of electromagnetic wave is proposed, it comprises the first metamaterial board and second metamaterial board of the setting of concentricity axle, and described first metamaterial board length is less than the second metamaterial board length; Described first metamaterial board comprises the first identical function metamaterial sheet of multi-disc refraction index profile, and described second metamaterial board comprises the second identical function metamaterial sheet of multi-disc refraction index profile; The refractive index of described first function metamaterial sheet is with the central point of the first function metamaterial sheet for the rounded distribution in the center of circle, and the refractive index at same radius r place is identical, and to be the refraction index profile rule at r place be radius:
n ( r ) = n min + mod [ 1 D ( r 2 + ss 1 2 - ss 1 ) , n max - n min ] ;
The refractive index of described second function metamaterial sheet is with the central point of the second function metamaterial sheet for the rounded distribution in the center of circle, and the refractive index at same radius R place is identical, and to be the refraction index profile rule at R place be radius:
n ( R ) = n max - mod [ 1 D ( R 2 + ss 2 2 - ss 2 ) , n max - n min ] ;
Wherein, ss 1for feed is apart from the vertical range of the first metamaterial board, ss 2for feed is apart from the vertical range of the second metamaterial board, n maxbe the largest refractive index value in the first metamaterial board and the second metamaterial board, n minbe the minimum refractive index value in the first metamaterial board and the second metamaterial board, mod is for asking modular arithmetic function, and λ is the electromagnetic wavelength of feed radiation, and D is the first metamaterial board and the second metamaterial board thickness.
Further, described first metamaterial board also comprises the first different gradual change metamaterial sheet of M sheet refraction index profile, and wherein the refractive index of ground floor first gradual change metamaterial sheet is n min, except ground floor first gradual change metamaterial sheet, in M layer first gradual change metamaterial sheet, the corresponding relation of the refraction index profile of jth layer first gradual change metamaterial sheet and the refraction index profile n (r) of the first function metamaterial sheet is:
n j ( r ) = n min + j M [ n ( r ) - n min ] .
Further, described second metamaterial board also comprises the second different gradual change metamaterial sheet of N sheet refraction index profile, and wherein the refractive index of ground floor second gradual change metamaterial sheet is for being n min, except ground floor second gradual change metamaterial sheet, in N layer second gradual change metamaterial sheet, the corresponding relation of the refraction index profile of kth layer second gradual change metamaterial sheet and the refraction index profile n (R) of the second function metamaterial sheet is:
n k ( R ) = n min + k N [ n ( R ) - n min ] .
Further, in described first function metamaterial sheet, the second function metamaterial sheet, the first gradual change metamaterial sheet and the second gradual change metamaterial sheet, the equal cycle is placed with the refractive index value that multiple man-made microstructure often puts to change the first function metamaterial sheet, the second function metamaterial sheet, the first gradual change metamaterial sheet and the second gradual change metamaterial sheet.
Further, described man-made microstructure is artificial metal micro structure, and described artificial metal's micro-structural topology pattern is isotropism.
Further, described artificial metal's micro-structural is plane flakes, it has the first metal wire and the second metal wire mutually vertically divided equally, described first metal wire is identical with the length of the second metal wire, described first metal wire two ends are connected with two the first metal branch of equal length, described first metal wire two ends are connected on the mid point of two the first metal branch, described second metal wire two ends are connected with two the second metal branch of equal length, described second metal wire two ends are connected on the mid point of two the second metal branch, described first metal branch is equal with the length of the second metal branch.
Further, each first metal branch of described plane alabastrine artificial metal micro-structural and the two ends of each second metal branch are also connected with identical 3rd metal branch, and the mid point of corresponding 3rd metal branch is connected with the end points of the first metal branch and the second metal branch respectively.
Further, first metal wire of the alabastrine metal micro structure of described plane and the second metal wire are provided with two kinks, and the alabastrine metal micro structure of described plane all overlaps with former figure to the figure of any direction 90-degree rotation around the axis perpendicular to the first metal wire and the second metal wire intersection point.
Further, described first metamaterial board length is 0.2 to 0.4 meter, and described second metamaterial board length is 0.6 to 0.8 meter, and the spacing between described first metamaterial board and the second metamaterial board is 0.2 meter.
Further, the minimum refractive index value n in described first metamaterial board and the second metamaterial board minbe 1.28, described first metamaterial board is made up of 2 layer of first function metamaterial sheet and 5 layer of first gradual change metamaterial sheet, and described second metamaterial board is made up of 2 layer of second function metamaterial sheet and 5 layer of second gradual change metamaterial sheet.
The present invention, by utilizing meta-material principle, designs the refraction index profile of the first metamaterial board and the second metamaterial board, realizes electromagnetic width to expand also to make electromagnetic wave to be suitable for the plane electromagnetic wave form transmission of long range propagation simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the perspective view of the elementary cell forming Meta Materials in an embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the end view that the present invention changes in meta-material device one embodiment of width of electromagnetic wave;
Fig. 3 is the topological pattern of the man-made microstructure in one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is a kind of derived structure of pattern topological shown in Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is a kind of distressed structure of pattern topological shown in Fig. 3;
Fig. 6 is the first stage that the topology of the alabastrine metal micro structure of plane develops;
Fig. 7 is the second stage that the topology of the alabastrine metal micro structure of plane develops;
When Fig. 8 is not for arranging meta-material device, the electromagnetic profile diagram of feed radiation;
When Fig. 9 is not for arranging meta-material device, the electromagnetic far-field pattern of feed radiation;
Figure 10 is the electromagnetic profile diagram of the size of meta-material device of the present invention when adopting the first scheme;
Figure 11 is the electromagnetic far-field pattern of the size of meta-material device of the present invention when adopting the first scheme;
Electromagnetic profile diagram when Figure 12 is the size employing first scheme of meta-material device of the present invention;
Electromagnetic far-field pattern when Figure 13 is the size employing first scheme of meta-material device of the present invention.
Embodiment
Light, as electromagnetic one, it is when passing glass, because the wavelength of light is much larger than the size of atom, therefore we can use the univers parameter of glass, such as refractive index, instead of the details parameter of the atom of composition glass describes the response of glass to light.Accordingly, when research material is to other electromagnetic responses, in material, any yardstick also can with the univers parameter of material to electromagnetic response much smaller than the structure of electromagnetic wavelength, and such as DIELECTRIC CONSTANT ε and magnetic permeability μ describe.The structure often put by designing material is made the dielectric constant of material each point and magnetic permeability all identical or different thus makes the dielectric constant of material monolithic and magnetic permeability be certain rule arrangement, magnetic permeability and the dielectric constant of rule arrangement can make material have response macroscopically to electromagnetic wave, such as, converge electromagnetic wave, divergent electromagnetic ripple, transmitted electromagnetic wave, electromagnetic wave absorption etc.The material of such magnetic permeability and dielectric constant with rule arrangement is referred to as Meta Materials.
As shown in Figure 1, Fig. 1 is the perspective view of the elementary cell forming Meta Materials in an embodiment.The elementary cell of Meta Materials comprises the first substrate 1 of man-made microstructure 2 and the attachment of this man-made microstructure.In the present embodiment, man-made microstructure is artificial metal micro structure, artificial metal's micro-structural has and can produce the plane of response or three-dimensional topological structure to incident electromagnetic wave electric field and/or magnetic field, and the pattern and/or the size that change the artificial metal's micro-structural in each Meta Materials elementary cell can change each Meta Materials elementary cell to the response of incident electromagnetic wave.In the present embodiment, man-made microstructure 2 is also coated with second substrate 3, second substrate 3, man-made microstructure 2 and first substrate 1 form the elementary cell of Meta Materials.Multiple Meta Materials elementary cell arranges according to certain rules and Meta Materials can be made to have the response of macroscopic view to electromagnetic wave.Due to Meta Materials overall need to incident electromagnetic wave have macroscopical electromagnetic response therefore each Meta Materials elementary cell need form continuous response to the response of incident electromagnetic wave, this requires that the size of each Meta Materials elementary cell is less than 1/5th of incident electromagnetic wave wavelength, is preferably 1/10th of incident electromagnetic wave wavelength.During this section describes, Meta Materials entirety is divided into multiple Meta Materials elementary cell by virtual, but should know that this kind of division methods is only for convenience of description, should not regard Meta Materials as spliced by multiple Meta Materials elementary cell or assemble, in practical application, Meta Materials is arranged on substrate in artificial metal's micro-structural cycle and can forms, and technique is simple and with low cost.Namely cycle arrangement refers to that the artificial metal's micro-structural in each Meta Materials elementary cell of above-mentioned artificial division can produce continuous print electromagnetic response to incident electromagnetic wave.
The present invention utilizes above-mentioned meta-material principle to design a kind of meta-material device changing width of electromagnetic wave.As shown in Figure 2, Fig. 2 is the end view in meta-material device one embodiment of the present invention.Meta-material device comprises the first metamaterial board 10 and the second metamaterial board 20, first metamaterial board 10 length is less than the second metamaterial board 20 and the two concentrically axis setting.First metamaterial board 10 is for the electromagnetic wave divergent by feed 1000 radiation, and the second metamaterial board 20 is for being converted to plane wave transmission by the electromagnetic wave after dispersing, and the width of electromagnetic wave of the plane wave simultaneously after conversion is different from the initial electromagnetic ripple width of feed radiation.First metamaterial board 10 length is designated as L 1, the second metamaterial board 20 length is designated as L 2.The first function metamaterial sheet that first metamaterial board 10 is identical with multi-disc refraction index profile by the first gradual change metamaterial sheet that multi-disc refraction index profile is different is formed; The second function metamaterial sheet that second metamaterial board 20 is identical with multi-disc refraction index profile by the second gradual change metamaterial sheet that multi-disc refraction index profile is different is formed.
First metamaterial board 10 and thickness identical with the second metamaterial board 20 thickness is fixed, and its thickness is D, and the first metamaterial board 10 and the second metamaterial board 20 have identical largest refractive index value n simultaneously maxwith identical minimum refractive index value n min.In the present invention, minimum refractive index value n minspecify, largest refractive index value n maxdo not specify, but according to formula: try to achieve.Wherein λ is the electromagnetic wavelength of feed 1000 radiation.
Because the first metamaterial board 10 needs electromagnetic wave divergent, and the first metamaterial board 10 thickness is identical everywhere, therefore refractive index is inevitable entirely not identical everywhere for the first metamaterial board 10, according to electromagnetic wave to refractive index comparatively general orientation reflect this basic electromagnetic principle, refraction index profile in first metamaterial board 10 presents middle minimum, refractive index becomes the large regularity of distribution gradually from the middle to both ends, more accurately, refractive index in first metamaterial board 10 in first function metamaterial sheet with the central point of the first function metamaterial sheet for the rounded distribution in the center of circle, the refractive index at same radius r place is identical, the refraction index profile rule at radius r place is:
n ( r ) = n min + mod [ 1 D ( r 2 + ss 1 2 - ss 1 ) , n max - n min ] ;
Wherein, ss 1for feed is apart from the vertical range of the first metamaterial board 10, n maxbe the largest refractive index value in the first metamaterial board 10, n minbe the minimum refractive index value in the first metamaterial board 10, mod is for asking modular arithmetic function, and D is the first metamaterial board 10 thickness.
The electromagnetic wave that the acting as of the first gradual change metamaterial sheet that multi-disc refraction index profile is different reduces to be incident to the first function metamaterial sheet is reflected the gain loss brought because of refractive index sudden change, can imagine ground, the first gradual change metamaterial sheet arranging multi-disc refractive index different is preferred version.In the present embodiment, the first gradual change metamaterial sheet has M layer, and wherein the refraction index profile of ground floor first gradual change metamaterial sheet also namely farthest away from the first gradual change metamaterial sheet of the first function metamaterial sheet is even, and its refractive index is n min.Except ground floor first gradual change metamaterial sheet, in M layer first gradual change metamaterial sheet, the corresponding relation of the refraction index profile of jth layer and the refraction index profile n (r) of the first function metamaterial sheet is:
n j ( r ) = n min + j M [ n ( r ) - n min ] .
Second metamaterial board 20 needs the electromagnetic wave after the first metamaterial board 10 being dispersed to be converted to plane electromagnetic wave to radiate, be convenient to long range propagation.Simultaneously, second metamaterial board 20 is the same with the first metamaterial board 10, also be the slab construction that thickness is identical everywhere, therefore refractive index is inevitable entirely not identical yet everywhere for the second metamaterial board 20, according to electromagnetic wave to refractive index comparatively general orientation reflect this basic electromagnetic principle, refraction index profile in second metamaterial board 20 presents middle maximum, the regularity of distribution that diminishes gradually of refractive index from the middle to both ends, more accurately, refractive index in second metamaterial board 20 in second function metamaterial sheet with the central point of the second function metamaterial sheet for the rounded distribution in the center of circle, the refractive index at same radius R place is identical, the refraction index profile rule at radius R place is:
n ( R ) = n max - mod [ 1 D ( R 2 + ss 2 2 - ss 2 ) , n max - n min ] ;
Wherein, ss 2for feed is apart from the vertical range of the second metamaterial board 20, n maxbe the largest refractive index value in the second metamaterial board 20, n minbe the minimum refractive index value in the second metamaterial board 20, mod is for asking modular arithmetic function, and D is the thickness of the second metamaterial board 20.
The electromagnetic wave that the acting as of the second gradual change metamaterial sheet that multi-disc refraction index profile is different reduces to be incident to the second function metamaterial sheet is reflected the gain loss brought because of refractive index sudden change, can imagine ground, the second gradual change metamaterial sheet arranging multi-disc refractive index different is preferred version.In the present embodiment, the second gradual change metamaterial sheet has N layer, and wherein the refraction index profile of ground floor second gradual change metamaterial sheet also namely farthest away from the second gradual change metamaterial sheet of the second function metamaterial sheet is even, and its refractive index is n min.Except ground floor second gradual change metamaterial sheet, in N layer second gradual change metamaterial sheet, the corresponding relation of the refraction index profile of kth layer and the refraction index profile n (R) of the second function metamaterial sheet is:
n k ( R ) = n min + k N [ n ( R ) - n min ] .
After determining the refraction index profile of the second function metamaterial sheet in the first function metamaterial sheet in the first metamaterial board 10 and the first gradual change metamaterial sheet and the second metamaterial board 20 and the second gradual change metamaterial sheet, cycle arrangement man-made microstructure in the Meta Materials elementary cell needing virtual grate in each metamaterial sheet, to change refractive index value that each metamaterial sheet often puts thus to obtain the refraction index profile of above-mentioned each metamaterial sheet.The topology of man-made microstructure and size can affect the refractive index value of the Meta Materials elementary cell of its attachment, in this step, can adopt mass computing mode from database, choose topology and the size of suitable man-made microstructure.The requirement of the man-made microstructure one side demand fulfillment each point refraction index profile value chosen, the also largest refractive index of demand fulfillment first metamaterial board and the second Meta Materials and the requirement of minimum refractive index value on the other hand.As shown in Figure 3, it is the topological pattern of the man-made microstructure in one embodiment of the invention.This man-made microstructure topological structure is for being isotropic plane snowflake type.Isotropism refers to along micro-structural central point by micro-structural in micro-structural institute in the plane, all overlaps with original pattern by the new pattern obtained after any direction half-twist.Adopt isotropic micro-structural energy simplified design, it all has identical electromagnetic response to the electromagnetic wave of all directions of vertical micro-structural place plane incidence, has good consistency.
The micro-structural of plane snowflake type has the first metal wire J1 and the second metal wire J2 that mutually vertically divide equally, described first metal wire J1 is identical with the length of the second metal wire J2, described first metal wire J1 two ends are connected with two the first metal branch F1 of equal length, described first metal wire J1 two ends are connected on the mid point of two the first metal branch F1, described second metal wire J2 two ends are connected with two the second metal branch F2 of equal length, described second metal wire J2 two ends are connected on the mid point of two the second metal branch F2, described first metal branch F1 is equal with the length of the second metal branch F2.
Fig. 4 is a kind of derived structure of the alabastrine metal micro structure of plane shown in Fig. 3.It is all connected with identical 3rd metal branch F3 at the two ends of each first metal branch F1 and each second metal branch F2, and the mid point of corresponding 3rd metal branch F3 is connected with the end points of the first metal branch F1 and the second metal branch F2 respectively.The rest may be inferred, and the present invention can also derive the metal micro structure of other form.
Fig. 5 is a kind of distressed structure of the alabastrine metal micro structure of plane shown in Fig. 3, the metal micro structure of this kind of structure, first metal wire J1 and the second metal wire J2 is not straight line, but folding line, first metal wire J1 and the second metal wire J2 is provided with two kink WZ, but the first metal wire J1 remains vertical with the second metal wire J2 to be divided equally, by arrange kink towards with the relative position of kink on the first metal wire and the second metal wire, metal micro structure shown in Fig. 7 is all overlapped with former figure to the figure of any direction 90-degree rotation around the axis perpendicular to the first metal wire and the second metal wire intersection point.In addition, other can also be had to be out of shape, such as, the first metal wire J1 and the second metal wire J2 all arranges multiple kink WZ.
After obtaining the concrete topological pattern of micro-structural, mode by micro-structural proportionally being reduced, amplifying obtains the refraction index profile of whole metamaterial sheet, also by with concrete micro structured pattern for fundamental figure, to obtain by developing the refraction index profile that the mode of fundamental figure obtains whole metamaterial sheet.
Detailed introduction is with plane snowflake type for fundamental figure below, is obtained the concrete steps of metamaterial sheet refraction index profile by differentiation mode:
(1) the attachment base material of micro-structural is determined.When Meta Materials elementary cell also comprises cover layer, tectal material is identical with base material material.Base material material can choose FR-4, F4B or PS material, no matter chooses which kind of material, all can determine the refractive index value of base material.
(2) size of metamaterial unit is determined.The center frequency point of the electromagnetic wave frequency range that the size of metamaterial unit is responded by it obtains, and utilizes this center frequency point to obtain its wavelength, then get be less than wavelength 1/5th a numerical value as the length CD of metamaterial unit and width KD.
(3) material and the topological structure of micro-structural is determined.In the present embodiment, the material of micro-structural is copper, and the topological structure of micro-structural is the alabastrine metal micro structure of the plane shown in Fig. 3, and its live width W is consistent everywhere; Topological structure herein, refers to the fundamental figure that topology develops.
(4) the topology parameter of metal micro structure is determined.As shown in Figure 3, in the present invention, the topology parameter of the alabastrine metal micro structure of plane comprises the live width W of metal micro structure, the length a of the first metal wire J1, the length b of the first metal branch F1.
(5) the differentiation restrictive condition of the topology of metal micro structure is determined.In the present invention, the differentiation restrictive condition of the topology of metal micro structure has, the minimum spacing WL (namely as shown in Figure 3, the long limit of metal micro structure and metamaterial unit or the distance of broadside are WL/2) between metal micro structure, the live width W of metal micro structure, the size of metamaterial unit; Due to processing technology restriction, WL generally should be more than or equal to 0.1mm, and equally, live width W is greater than to equal 0.1mm.After the size of restriction live width and metamaterial unit, the topology parameter of metal micro structure only has a and b Two Variables.The differentiation mode passed through as shown in Figure 6 to 7 of the topology of metal micro structure, corresponding to a certain characteristic frequency (such as 10GHZ), can obtain a continuous print variations in refractive index scope.
Particularly, the differentiation of the topology of described metal micro structure comprises two stages (fundamental figure that topology develops is the metal micro structure shown in Fig. 3):
First stage: according to differentiation restrictive condition, when b value remains unchanged, a value is changed to maximum from minimum value, the metal micro structure in this evolution process is " ten " font when minimum value (a get except).In the first phase, as shown in Figure 6, it is the square JX1 of W from the length of side in the differentiation of the topology of metal micro structure, develops into maximum " ten " font topology JD1 gradually.In the first phase, along with the differentiation of the topology of metal micro structure, the refractive index of the metamaterial unit corresponding with it increases continuously.In the first phase, the minimum refractive index value in the first metamaterial board and the second metamaterial board can be determined, the refractive index value also namely when metal micro structure shape be the length of side is the square JX1 of W.
Second stage: according to differentiation restrictive condition, when a is increased to maximum, a remains unchanged; Now, b is increased continuously maximum from minimum value, the metal micro structure in this evolution process is plane flakes.In second stage, the differentiation of the topology of metal micro structure as shown in Figure 7, namely from maximum " ten " font topology JD1, develop into the alabastrine topology JD2 of maximum plane gradually, the alabastrine topology JD2 of maximum plane herein refers to, the length b of the first metal branch J1 and the second metal branch J2 can not extend again, otherwise the first metal branch is crossing by generation with the second metal branch.In second stage, along with the differentiation of the topology of metal micro structure, the refractive index of the metamaterial unit corresponding with it increases continuously.In second stage, the largest refractive index value in the first metamaterial board and the second metamaterial board can be determined, the refractive index value also namely when metal micro structure shape is maximum plane flakes topology JD2.
In the evolution process of above-mentioned first stage and second stage, the topological pattern all needing the micro-structural ensured in evolution process is isotropic topological pattern.
The variations in refractive index scope being obtained metamaterial unit by above-mentioned differentiation need meet design needs.If the variations in refractive index scope that above-mentioned differentiation obtains metamaterial unit does not meet design needs, such as maximum is too little, then change WL and W, again emulate, until obtain the variations in refractive index scope of our needs.
After obtaining the first metamaterial board and the second metamaterial board by said method, test the first metamaterial board 10 and get different length L 1, the second metamaterial board 20 gets different length L 2and first when getting different spacing between metamaterial board 10 and the second metamaterial board 20, meta-material device to the change situation of the width of electromagnetic wave of feed radiation to obtain preferably parameters.In the present embodiment, during test, the electromagnetic wave center frequency point of feed radiation is 10GHZ, the minimum refractive index value n of the first metamaterial board 10 and the second metamaterial board 20 minvalue 1.28.First metamaterial board 10 has two-layer first function metamaterial sheet and five layer of first gradual change metamaterial sheet; Second metamaterial board 20 has two-layer second function metamaterial sheet and five layer of second gradual change metamaterial sheet, the thickness of each above-mentioned metamaterial sheet is all equal, be 8.18 millimeters, therefore the thickness of the first metamaterial board 10 and the second metamaterial board 20 is 8.18 × 7=57.26 millimeter.From above thickness, meta-material device also has takes up an area the advantage that space is little, be convenient to storage and transport.
As a comparison case, when Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 shows and does not arrange meta-material device, the electromagnetic profile of feed radiation and far-field pattern.Figure 10 and Figure 11 is for working as the first metamaterial board 10 length L 1be 0.2 meter, the second metamaterial board 20 length L 2be 0.6 meter, electromagnetic wave profile diagram when spacing is 0.2 meter between the first metamaterial board 10 and the second metamaterial board 20 and far-field pattern.As can be seen from Figure 10 and Figure 11, after adopting meta-material device, its far field, front maximum reaches 48.3004dB, half-power angle is 3.0296 °, reverse side far field maximum reaches 47.3884dB, maximum sidelobe levels is-18.0188dB, and front and back, than being 0.912dB, being compared when not having meta-material device and all improved a lot.
Figure 12 and Figure 13 is for working as the first metamaterial board 10 length L 1be 0.4 meter, the second metamaterial board 20 length L 2be 0.8 meter, electromagnetic wave profile diagram when spacing is 0.2 meter between the first metamaterial board 10 and the second metamaterial board 20 and far-field pattern.As can be seen from Figure 12 and Figure 13, after adopting meta-material device, its far field, front maximum reaches 52.7924dB, half-power angle is 2.1036 °, reverse side far field maximum reaches 53.5485dB, maximum sidelobe levels is-14.3732dB, and front and back, than being-0.7562dB, being compared when not having meta-material device and also all improved a lot.
By reference to the accompanying drawings embodiments of the invention are described above; but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment; above-mentioned embodiment is only schematic; instead of it is restrictive; those of ordinary skill in the art is under enlightenment of the present invention; do not departing under the ambit that present inventive concept and claim protect, also can make a lot of form, these all belong within protection of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. change a meta-material device for width of electromagnetic wave, it is characterized in that: the first metamaterial board and the second metamaterial board that comprise the setting of concentricity axle, described first metamaterial board length is less than the second metamaterial board length; Described first metamaterial board comprises the first identical function metamaterial sheet of multi-disc refraction index profile, and described second metamaterial board comprises the second identical function metamaterial sheet of multi-disc refraction index profile; The refractive index of described first function metamaterial sheet is with the central point of the first function metamaterial sheet for the rounded distribution in the center of circle, and the refractive index at same radius r place is identical, and to be the refraction index profile rule at r place be radius:
n ( r ) = n min + mod [ 1 D ( r 2 + ss 1 2 - ss 1 ) , n max - n min ] ;
The refractive index of described second function metamaterial sheet is with the central point of the second function metamaterial sheet for the rounded distribution in the center of circle, and the refractive index at same radius R place is identical, and to be the refraction index profile rule at R place be radius:
n ( R ) = n max - mod [ 1 D ( R 2 + ss 2 2 - ss 2 ) , n max - n min ] ;
Wherein, ss 1for feed is apart from the vertical range of the first metamaterial board, ss 2for feed is apart from the vertical range of the second metamaterial board, n maxbe the largest refractive index value in the first metamaterial board and the second metamaterial board, n minbe the minimum refractive index value in the first metamaterial board and the second metamaterial board, mod is for asking modular arithmetic function, and λ is the electromagnetic wavelength of feed radiation, and D is the first metamaterial board and the second metamaterial board thickness.
2. meta-material device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described first metamaterial board also comprises the first different gradual change metamaterial sheet of M sheet refraction index profile, and wherein the refractive index of ground floor first gradual change metamaterial sheet is n min, except ground floor first gradual change metamaterial sheet, in M layer first gradual change metamaterial sheet, the corresponding relation of the refraction index profile of jth layer first gradual change metamaterial sheet and the refraction index profile n (r) of the first function metamaterial sheet is:
n j ( r ) = n min + j M [ n ( r ) - n min ] ;
Wherein, in the first gradual change metamaterial sheet, the cycle is placed with the refractive index value that multiple man-made microstructure often puts to change the first gradual change metamaterial sheet.
3. meta-material device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described second metamaterial board also comprises the second different gradual change metamaterial sheet of N sheet refraction index profile, and wherein the refractive index of ground floor second gradual change metamaterial sheet is n min, except ground floor second gradual change metamaterial sheet, in N layer second gradual change metamaterial sheet, the corresponding relation of the refraction index profile of kth layer second gradual change metamaterial sheet and the refraction index profile n (R) of the second function metamaterial sheet is:
n k ( R ) = n min + k N [ n ( R ) - n min ] ;
Wherein, in the second gradual change metamaterial sheet, the cycle is placed with the refractive index value that multiple man-made microstructure often puts to change the second gradual change metamaterial sheet.
4. meta-material device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in described first function metamaterial sheet, the second function metamaterial sheet, the equal cycle is placed with multiple man-made microstructure with the refractive index value changing the first function metamaterial sheet, the second function metamaterial sheet is often put.
5. meta-material device as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that: described man-made microstructure is artificial metal micro structure, and described artificial metal's micro-structural topology pattern is isotropism.
6. meta-material device as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: described artificial metal's micro-structural is plane flakes, it has the first metal wire and the second metal wire mutually vertically divided equally, described first metal wire is identical with the length of the second metal wire, described first metal wire two ends are connected with two the first metal branch of equal length, described first metal wire two ends are connected on the mid point of two the first metal branch, described second metal wire two ends are connected with two the second metal branch of equal length, described second metal wire two ends are connected on the mid point of two the second metal branch, described first metal branch is equal with the length of the second metal branch.
7. meta-material device as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that: each first metal branch of described plane alabastrine artificial metal micro-structural and the two ends of each second metal branch are also connected with identical 3rd metal branch, and the mid point of corresponding 3rd metal branch is connected with the end points of the first metal branch and the second metal branch respectively.
8. meta-material device as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that: the first metal wire of the alabastrine metal micro structure of described plane and the second metal wire are provided with two kinks, the alabastrine metal micro structure of described plane all overlaps with former figure to the figure of any direction 90-degree rotation around the axis perpendicular to the first metal wire and the second metal wire intersection point.
9. meta-material device as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: described first metamaterial board length is 0.2 to 0.4 meter, described second metamaterial board length is 0.6 to 0.8 meter, and the spacing between described first metamaterial board and the second metamaterial board is 0.2 meter.
10. meta-material device as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that: the minimum refractive index value n in described first metamaterial board and the second metamaterial board minbe 1.28, described first metamaterial board is made up of 2 layer of first function metamaterial sheet and 5 layer of first gradual change metamaterial sheet, and described second metamaterial board is made up of 2 layer of second function metamaterial sheet and 5 layer of second gradual change metamaterial sheet.
CN201210128184.0A 2012-04-27 2012-04-27 Meta-material device for changing width of electromagnetic wave Active CN102694270B (en)

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CN101459270A (en) * 2008-12-12 2009-06-17 清华大学 Tunable full medium multi-frequency band isotrope zero-refraction flat-plate lens and preparation thereof
WO2010050666A1 (en) * 2008-10-27 2010-05-06 Electronics And Telecommunications Research Institute Planar meta-material having negative permittivity, negative permeability, and negative refractive index, planar meta-material structure including the planar meta-material, and antenna system including the planar meta-material structure

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101389998A (en) * 2004-07-23 2009-03-18 加利福尼亚大学董事会 Metamaterials
WO2008110775A1 (en) * 2007-03-09 2008-09-18 Sands, Howard Simon Security mark
WO2010050666A1 (en) * 2008-10-27 2010-05-06 Electronics And Telecommunications Research Institute Planar meta-material having negative permittivity, negative permeability, and negative refractive index, planar meta-material structure including the planar meta-material, and antenna system including the planar meta-material structure
CN101459270A (en) * 2008-12-12 2009-06-17 清华大学 Tunable full medium multi-frequency band isotrope zero-refraction flat-plate lens and preparation thereof

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