CN102686477A - Mechanically driven, hubless, high-efficiency ship propulsor - Google Patents

Mechanically driven, hubless, high-efficiency ship propulsor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102686477A
CN102686477A CN2010800396206A CN201080039620A CN102686477A CN 102686477 A CN102686477 A CN 102686477A CN 2010800396206 A CN2010800396206 A CN 2010800396206A CN 201080039620 A CN201080039620 A CN 201080039620A CN 102686477 A CN102686477 A CN 102686477A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
propelling unit
rotor
angle
blade
ship
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Granted
Application number
CN2010800396206A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN102686477B (en
Inventor
M·阿布戴尔-马克苏德
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Technische Universitaet Hamburg TUHH
Tutech Innovation GmbH
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Technische Universitaet Hamburg TUHH
Tutech Innovation GmbH
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Publication of CN102686477A publication Critical patent/CN102686477A/en
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Publication of CN102686477B publication Critical patent/CN102686477B/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H3/00—Propeller-blade pitch changing
    • B63H3/002—Propeller-blade pitch changing with individually adjustable blades
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H1/00—Propulsive elements directly acting on water
    • B63H1/02—Propulsive elements directly acting on water of rotary type
    • B63H1/12—Propulsive elements directly acting on water of rotary type with rotation axis substantially in propulsive direction
    • B63H1/14—Propellers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H23/00—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements
    • B63H23/02—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements with mechanical gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H3/00—Propeller-blade pitch changing
    • B63H3/10—Propeller-blade pitch changing characterised by having pitch control conjoint with propulsion plant control
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H5/00—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water
    • B63H5/07—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers
    • B63H5/14—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers characterised by being mounted in non-rotating ducts or rings, e.g. adjustable for steering purpose
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H1/00—Propulsive elements directly acting on water
    • B63H1/02—Propulsive elements directly acting on water of rotary type
    • B63H1/12—Propulsive elements directly acting on water of rotary type with rotation axis substantially in propulsive direction
    • B63H1/14—Propellers
    • B63H1/16—Propellers having a shrouding ring attached to blades
    • B63H2001/165—Hubless propellers, e.g. peripherally driven shrouds with blades projecting from the shrouds' inside surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H23/00—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements
    • B63H2023/005—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements using a drive acting on the periphery of a rotating propulsive element, e.g. on a dented circumferential ring on a propeller, or a propeller acting as rotor of an electric motor

Abstract

The invention relates to a mechanically driven, hubless, high-efficiency ship propulsor comprising at least one rotor having blades (10) in a ring, wherein the rotor fitted with a gear rim is joined to the engine of a ship via a shaft (1) having pinions (2) for transferring a torque, and wherein the rotor is arranged in an orifice (8) and wherein rotating blades (10) of the rotor are constructed to be individually adjustable in angle and upon each rotation allow a continuous adaptation of the angular position thereof to the local flow conditions, in particular to the inflow conditions in the orifice (8).

Description

The efficient ship propeller of mechanically operated no hub
The present invention relates to the efficient ship propeller of a kind of mechanically operated no hub.
The trailer coupling peculiar to vessel of known various design plans, for example marine propeller form.The shortcoming of conventional fixed pitch propeller is that a slurry hub that blade is installed need be arranged in the centre.So-called adjustable pitch propeller, that is, the position, angle (pitch angle) of propeller blade slurry hub of transformable screw propeller in operation process is big especially.
In addition, the marine propeller of known twin screw type also needs bearing seat and axle drive shaft, and these all can produce eddy current and resistance, must this resistance be remained on as far as possible little degree.
Realize that good propulsion coefficient is a task for a long time.But do not make successfully that up to now the efficient of screw propeller-boat system reaches more than 75%, because also must the influence of the blade tip convolution cavitation effect in the blade rotary course be taken in.
Except imperfect above-mentioned screw propeller, known also have ring to drive the formula propelling unit.Related is fourth finger to the inside the outer rotor of its blade from outer side drive.Modern ring type actuator is generally electricity and drives, and has the ring type electrical motor.So just produced a kind of very compact design pattern, this structural shape especially can be with this type of device as bow maneuvering device (Bugstrahlruder).The outward appearance of known electronic ring type actuator is very attractive, but relatively poor relatively efficient but arranged, because produce electric energy and the component efficiency that electric energy changes energy of rotation into can be produced relatively poor net effciency.
Task of the present invention is to provide a kind of propelling unit, and said angle of rake efficient obviously is better than electronic ring type actuator widespread use, that have non-adjustable blade.The website Http:// www.marinelog.comIn " marinelog (maritime affairs record) " journal of writings of delivering just introduced a kind of embodiment of Rools-Royce.
Use the ring type actuator can save hull appendages, thereby reduce the resistance of ships.But energy of rotation changed into electric energy and transform back into the required machinery of energy of rotation still have inefficient problem.Therefore, the present invention advises a kind of mechanical drive with traditional gear ring/pinion arrangement is used for ship propeller.Compare with the propeller drive of traditional type, can obviously raise the efficiency, and obviously improve the resistance of ships.
If the blade structure in the propelling unit is angled adjustable, and make the position, angle of blade be adapted to the local flow condition in the propelling unit constantly, just can significantly improve efficient.According to leaf position along the circumferential direction, make the position, angle (pitch) of each independent blade be adapted to the local flow condition individually.That is to say that leaf position continues to change in rotary course.Can utilize its shape guide runner relevant and guide rail to realize this operation with the stern flow field.That adopts this novelty of the present invention can significantly improve angle of rake efficient with creative embodiment quickly, and this is because can consider flow conditions different in the propelling unit.Can be independent of the condition of becoming a mandarin and optimize the acceleration/accel of water in propelling unit.This will play positive effect to the thrust that is produced.If adjust the flow direction that angle of rake inclination angle makes it to be adapted to the water that around ship, flows through, equally also can produce positive effect.
Regulation in embodiments of the present invention, especially mechanically, particularly make the position, angle of blade be adapted to the local flow condition through guide rail, slide rail and guide runner.Use guide runner and guide rail can obtain a kind of firmly and failure-free, be used for the mechanical type scheme of position, angle, for example from the known higher functional reliability of mechanical device realization of utilizing of Fu Yite-Shi Naide (Voith-Schneider) actuating device.The shape of guide rail depends on the tail flow field of ship, can design according to the local flow situation, so that realize higher propeller efficiency and very little cavitation effect.
If the angle through each blade of eccentric drive mechanism adjustment also can realize higher functional reliability.These eccentric drive mechanisms are firm especially, and in the machine of many types, obtained checking, for example have the press of adjustable height setting device.
In another embodiment of the invention, stipulate, make the position, angle be adapted to the local flow condition through servomotor.Especially the servomotor that is implemented as permanent magnetism ring type electrical motor has higher functional reliability equally, and has the advantage that can adjust its swing speed according to the position, angle.
The setting range of blade is designed to and can advances from pushing ahead to switch to backward.
Select to have the rotor of the gear ring that is positioned at the outside for actuating device itself, and the number of teeth of external toothing and miniature gears is chosen between propelling unit and ship's machinery, need not use speed-changing mechanism highly beneficially.Adopt this measure also can improve drive efficiency greatly, thereby produce the high efficiency that ship propeller never reached up to now.
In another embodiment of the invention, stipulate, propeller design is become twin screw, just adopt two and the propelling unit put.Be very beneficial for improving the outflow characteristic of ship like this, this is because current can be adjacent to stern.
The inclination angle of axle drive shaft can be adapted to into flow path direction.So just can driving engine be hanged down and put, thereby make the barycenter of ship move down, help the stability of ship.
Stipulate that in another embodiment of the invention propelling unit has the rotor of the antiport of two streamwise arranged in succession.So just can produce very favorable result, the water Shu Buzai that flows out from propelling unit rotates, thereby also can the energy of rotation of water bundle be used for advancing.In a kind of simple especially embodiment, stipulate, do not adopt second rotor of the jet that is arranged in previous rotor, use a non-rotary rim of the guide blading (Leitschaufelkranz) (stator) but replace.Its blade can allow to make the position, angle generally to be adapted to the flow direction variation that the ground effect in for example direction of propulsion change or the shallow water causes.
The professional person does not recommend to have the ship propeller of counter rotating propeller leaf usually, and this is because estimate the risk of higher cavitation effect.But because this cavitation effect is not to be that the blade tip whirlpool is empty, and propelling unit of the present invention do not have corresponding propeller tip (blade tip) in outside radius, so can not expect that the risk of cavitation effect is arranged.Therefore, can adopt the structure of the contrarotation that makes the element that water is quickened no problemly, thereby improve efficient.Also can use the non-rotary rim of the guide blading.The non-rotary rim of the guide blading surely not produces and the same good efficient of rotor rotated.The connecting portion that root of blade is connected on the external toothing is designed to sphere, forms the gap and produces cavitation effect thus when avoiding the angle of attack (Anstellwinkel) at blade to change.
In order to obtain, spout to be at least partially integrated among the hull bottom, and also axle drive shaft to be arranged among the Double bottom of ship at least in part than the better hydrodynamic characteristics of common marine propeller.So just can make that the resistance of the hull bottom side structure in the stern area is especially little, thereby help further to improve the efficient of ship-ship propeller system.
In order further to improve propelling unit-boat system; Can optimize angle of rake rotating speed and leaf position to the influence of ship resistance with reference to angle of rake becoming a mandarin; Can consider balance position and loading condition and other influence factor, the for example situation of (vegetation) and underwater hull of ship in the lump for this reason.Also can consider to influence equally outside the propelling unit factor of efficient in the lump.Control apparatus has a nonvolatile memory aptly, can comparison condition especially balance position and loading condition be kept among the memory device, and can be with the foundation of memory contents as ship propeller work.
Below will carry out illustrated in detail to the present invention, from these accompanying drawings, also can find out other details of the present invention according to accompanying drawing.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Accompanying drawing 1 is the example of stern arrangement structure;
Accompanying drawing 2 is the lateral plans to the torque transfer of rotor;
Accompanying drawing 3 is that blade is connected to epitrochanterian connecting portion, is lateral plan equally;
Accompanying drawing 4 is front elevations of blade incidence control setup; And
Accompanying drawing 5 is amplification plan views of the control setup of direction of propulsion.
Accompanying drawing 1 is depicted as a kind of mobile stern arrangement structure that is particularly conducive to, 21 expression hull bottom, the external toothing of 20 expression rotors.The blade of 10 expression rotors, the spout that 8 expression rotors turn round therein.Between two rotors, hull bottom elongated portion (being commonly called as deadwood) can be to extending below.
The not shown washing equipment that is used for miniature gears and external toothing, high pressure cleaning jet pipe for example, this jet pipe especially can be used for cleaning miniature gears and gear ring after the long period is berthed at the harbour.
Accompanying drawing 2 is depicted as to the details of the power conveying system of rotor, and 1 expression is used for the axle drive shaft of two rotors, and these rotors have miniature gears 2, and this miniature gears is used to transmit the power of first rotor, and 3 expressions are used to change the gear of hand of rotation.4 first rotors of expression, second rotor of 5 expressions.6 expressions are used to the miniature gears of second rotor transferring power, the spout that 8 expression rotors turn round therein.The bearing of 7 expression rotors is with the hand of rotation of 17 and 18 expression rotors.The gear ring of the back rotor of 20 expressions, the gear ring of 19 previous rotors of expression.If do not select arrangement structure for use, and be to use stator, then can save the gear ring of a back rotor to changeing.
Accompanying drawing 3 is depicted as the lateral plan that blade is connected to epitrochanterian connecting portion, 10 each blades of expression.From this figure, also can find out the slurry hub in the middle of not needing, this can improve mobility status, and allows in the middle of spout, directly to flow through.Through guide runner control leaf position.These guide runners all are fixed on the rotor, therefore can follow rotation.The guide rail (referring to accompanying drawing 5) of 13 and 15 expression guide runner 11b preferably makes each rotor only need a guide rail.The shape of guide rail depends on the tail flow field of ship.17, the hand of rotation of 18 expression rotors if not the arrangement structure of contrarotation, and is to use a stator, then can save the hand of rotation of a back rotor.The gear ring of the previous rotor of 19 expressions, the gear ring of the back rotor of 20 expressions.If do not use the arrangement structure of contrarotation certainly, then can it be saved.
Accompanying drawing 4 is depicted as the amplification front elevation of the angle of attack control setup of each blade.Can in bearing 7, rotate through gear 12 drive vane 10.
Accompanying drawing 5 is depicted as the details of the control setup of blade, and 11b representes the guide runner that can on slide rail 11a, move back and forth.4/5 first rotor of expression or second rotor.13 or 15 expressions are used to control the guide rail of blade incidence, and are as described before.16 expressions are used for guide runner is positioned at the roller on the guide rail.
Angle of rake advantage according to the invention especially can infinitely be controlled direction of propulsion.With the inflow direction of 0 expression water, 17 represent the hand of rotation of previous rotor in birds-eye view, the hand of rotation of the back rotor of 18 expressions.
Accompanying drawing 5 is depicted as two guide track systems 13 and 15, and these guide track systems move in opposite directions vertically or are separated from each other by actr 14.This causes the variation of the position, angle of gear 12, and this gear links to each other with the root of respective vanes, and this can change blade pitch.Just can infinitely control direction of propulsion thus, just actuating device can change direction of propulsion into and retreating from advancing, and need not to change the hand of rotation of axle drive shaft.Therefore, the operation point of respective rotor can be adapted to the best operating point of main frame.
Generally speaking, example shown in the drawings compared with prior art has the following advantages:
Be adapted to the local flow situation accurately, continuously through the angle of attack that in rotary course, makes blade and reduce cavitation effect.
Driving power is assigned to two rotors, just divides the propelling degree of loading equally, so efficient is very high.
Through use inverted running principle (contrarotation) and utilize the vortex of first rotor can produce more more than through the thrusts of second rotor, and do not have the shortcoming of common counter rotating propeller, so efficient is very high.
With the angle of attack of simple mechanical system control rotor blade, compare with traditional adjustable pitch propeller and to have saved the slurry hub.
Can in rotary course, adjust the angle of attack of blade continuously, therefore need not use the blade plan form of distortion (Skew-Verlauf), thereby can reduce the manufacturing cost of blade geometric shape.
Through accurately controlling direction of propulsion, ship can be handling higher.
Because each actuating device uses two rotors, so redundancy is higher.
Axle drive shaft is positioned among the hull, and the safety of therefore resisting the axle drive shaft damage is higher.Rotor also is so, and this is because rotor is arranged in the spout that is integrated into hull.
Can understand, this actuating device is more complicated more than the propeller driving device with fixed pitch propeller, but the mechanical system of actuating device according to the invention has and the same controllability of Fu Yite-Shi Naide (Voith-Schneider) actuating device.Efficient is then apparently higher than Fu Yite-Shi Naide (Voith-Schneider) actuating device; And in having two angle of rake first-selected embodiments arranged side by side; Also can make gear that good line navigation performance is arranged, and can come auxiliary rotatablely moving through two angle of rake different thrust adjustment.

Claims (14)

1. efficient ship propeller of mechanically operated no hub; Said ship propeller comprises have ring-shaped blade at least one rotor of (10); The rotor that is equipped with gear ring is connected with marine engine via axle (1), and said axle has the miniature gears (2) that is used for transferring rotational motion, wherein; Said rotor is arranged in the spout (8); And the rotating blade of said rotor (10) is configured to adjustable angle respectively, and in each rotary course, makes the position, angle of said blade can be adapted to the local flow condition, especially be adapted to the condition that becomes a mandarin in the said spout (8), and said angle of rake inclination angle preferably is adapted to flow direction.
2. propelling unit as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that, mechanically, particularly pass through guide rail (13,15), slide rail (11a) and guide runner (11b) and make position, said angle be adapted to said local flow condition constantly; The appearance of said guide rail (13,15) depends on that the wake flow of ship distributes.
3. according to claim 1 or claim 2 propelling unit is characterized in that, makes direction of propulsion reverse through moving guide rail.
4. propelling unit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, makes the position, said angle of each independent blade be adapted to said local flow condition constantly through eccentric stiffener.
5. propelling unit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, makes position, said angle be adapted to said local flow condition through servomotor or hydraulic actuator.
6. like each described propelling unit in the claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that said rotor has the gear ring (19 that is positioned at the outside; 20); The number of teeth of said gear ring (19,20) and miniature gears (2,6) between propelling unit and marine engine, do not need to be chosen to speed-changing mechanism.
7. like one or multinomial described propelling unit in the above-mentioned claim, it is characterized in that said propeller design becomes twin screw.
8. like one or multinomial described propelling unit in the above-mentioned claim, it is characterized in that said propelling unit has two along the tandem rotor of water (flow) direction, said rotor preferably is designed to the rotor of contrarotation.
9. like a described propelling unit in the claim 1 to 7; It is characterized in that; The non-rotary rim of the guide blading (stator) streamwise is arranged on the rotor front, and the blade of the said rim of the guide blading especially allows according to circumstances to make position, said angle to be adapted to caused the streaming of ground effect in the shallow water for example to change or direction of propulsion changes.
10. like one or multinomial described propelling unit in the above-mentioned claim, it is characterized in that said spout (8) is integrated in hull bottom (21) or the deadwood at least in part.
11. one or multinomial described propelling unit as in the above-mentioned claim is characterized in that said axle drive shaft (1) is at least partially disposed in Double bottom, cabin or the deadwood of said ship.
12. one or multinomial described propelling unit as in the above-mentioned claim is characterized in that said propelling unit has control apparatus, said control apparatus is adjusted to propeller blade the optimum operating condition that reaches marine engine.
13. as one or multinomial described propelling unit in the above-mentioned claim; It is characterized in that; Said propelling unit has control apparatus, and said control apparatus considers that balance position and loading condition and other influence factor of influence, the for example ship of tail flow field optimize said angle of rake rotating speed and leaf position.
14. a ship is characterized in that, uses and is integrated into propelling unit, the especially twin screw in the hull bottom at least in part, said propelling unit is included in the blade and the mechanical actuation device of adjustable angle in the operational process.
CN201080039620.6A 2009-09-08 2010-09-02 Mechanically operated without the efficient ship propeller of hub Expired - Fee Related CN102686477B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009040471.6A DE102009040471B4 (en) 2009-09-08 2009-09-08 Mechanically propelled ship propulsor with high efficiency
DE102009040471.6 2009-09-08
PCT/EP2010/005387 WO2011029550A1 (en) 2009-09-08 2010-09-02 Mechanically driven, hubless, high-efficiency ship propulsor

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CN102686477A true CN102686477A (en) 2012-09-19
CN102686477B CN102686477B (en) 2016-02-17

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JP (1) JP2013503784A (en)
KR (1) KR101849312B1 (en)
CN (1) CN102686477B (en)
DE (1) DE102009040471B4 (en)
WO (1) WO2011029550A1 (en)

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CN109533252A (en) * 2018-11-30 2019-03-29 王洪桥 A kind of Ship Structure and control method
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CN103192970A (en) * 2013-04-27 2013-07-10 鲍小福 Oar body and screw propeller with same
CN105209337A (en) * 2013-06-11 2015-12-30 川崎重工业株式会社 Propulsive force generation device
CN103895806A (en) * 2014-04-22 2014-07-02 曾建海 Wedge-shaped stem water spraying ship
CN103895806B (en) * 2014-04-22 2016-06-15 曾建海 One is split shape bow waterjet boat
CN107310706A (en) * 2017-07-13 2017-11-03 杨艳 Propulsion plant and ROV
CN112512918A (en) * 2018-08-03 2021-03-16 海恩思股份公司 Propulsion device for marine vehicles using outboard water jets
CN109533252A (en) * 2018-11-30 2019-03-29 王洪桥 A kind of Ship Structure and control method
CN115107974A (en) * 2021-03-23 2022-09-27 三菱重工业株式会社 Ship propulsion device and ship

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KR20120050520A (en) 2012-05-18
CN102686477B (en) 2016-02-17
WO2011029550A1 (en) 2011-03-17
DE102009040471A1 (en) 2011-03-10
JP2013503784A (en) 2013-02-04
KR101849312B1 (en) 2018-04-17

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