CN102681017A - Amplitude-frequency electric perspective detection method - Google Patents

Amplitude-frequency electric perspective detection method Download PDF

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CN102681017A
CN102681017A CN2012101756977A CN201210175697A CN102681017A CN 102681017 A CN102681017 A CN 102681017A CN 2012101756977 A CN2012101756977 A CN 2012101756977A CN 201210175697 A CN201210175697 A CN 201210175697A CN 102681017 A CN102681017 A CN 102681017A
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tunnel
receiving
detectable signal
launching
amplitude
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CN102681017B (en
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李玉宝
孙吉益
李智文
崔焕玉
赵立松
王玺瑞
武延辉
李全明
赵广淼
周杰民
郭培鹏
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Hebei Coal Science Research Institute Co.,Ltd.
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Hebei Coal Science Research Institute
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Abstract

The invention discloses an amplitude-frequency electric perspective detection method and belongs to a bottom plate detection technology of the working surface. A plurality of launching points and receiving points corresponding to the launching points are arranged in a launching laneway and a receiving laneway respectively, and the aquosity of a bottom plate of the working surface is detected by adopting a point-by-point launching and group-by-group receiving mode in an area composed of the launching points and the corresponding receiving points. A launching device and a receiving device are in independent split type, a timing and constant-current power supply working method is adopted, the number of detection devices and required detection workers is reduced, the labor intensity of the detection workers is reduced, the working efficiency and the quality of data obtained by detection are greatly improved, the technical effect in the aspect of evaluation of the whole aquosity of the bottom plate of the working surface is extremely obvious. Besides, two detection signals which are a high-frequency signal and a low-frequency signal can be adopted in the method simultaneously, contrast detection is performed according to the detecting environment conditions, optimal working parameters are selected preferably, and the detecting working effect is guaranteed.

Description

Amplitude-frequency electricity perspective detection method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of workplace base plate Detection Techniques, belong to the geophysical survey field, particularly a kind of amplitude-frequency electricity perspective detection method.
Background technology
Gushing water is the second largest killer who threatens China's coal-mine safety, and its extent of injury is only second to gas accident.1995~2006 years, 1424 of all kinds of gushing water accidents took place in the whole nation, dead 5432 people, and economic loss is above 20,000,000,000 yuan.Three first quarter moon times of on May 29 to September 16th, 2011, nearly 12 of the colliery water leak accidents of national security supervision general bureau circular, are flooded 1 in well, 5 of the above accidents of dead 10 people at 11 of fatal accidents.
Except that the driving gushing water, the economic loss that the working face extraction gushing water causes is the hugest.
China is usually used in the detection method that gushing water is constructed under the coal mine now has: probing, ground physical prospecting and down-hole physical prospecting.Probing mainly refers to down hole drill, is used for the tunnel forward probe of meeting head on, and directly perceived, clear and definite, it is very clear that whether there is water or not.But its shortcoming is also very outstanding, and does not consider factors such as duration, cost, and its detection, range of control are little, only are " a peephole views ", hole sometimes apart from water body and have only several meters far also can't lean out, and missing gushing water hidden danger easily is its fatal weakness.And, exist high pressure underground water to give prominence to, lead to the risk of secondary accident along boring near water because the down-hole construction surface is pressed greatly.
The ground physical prospecting comprises 3-D seismics, transient electromagnetic, electrical method etc., because method self limitation and receive that landform changes, the objective body buried depth waits greatly and influences, not only resolution can't satisfy the production needs, Effect on Detecting is undesirable, sometimes even can't carry out the work.
Mine electrical method, radiowave tunnel perspective, slot wave earthquake, R wave, geological radar, TSP etc.; Visit water in the down-hole, visit aspect the structure, respectively have superiority, certain effect is also arranged; But be used for entire working surface base plate property of water-bearing detection aspect, then all have all deficiencies or defective.Radiowave tunnel perspective, slot wave earthquake can be visited and construct but can not visit water; R wave, geological radar directionality are good, but it is little, insensitive to water to find range; Amplitude-frequency electricity perspective is to water sensitive, and aspect the whole property of water-bearing of detection operations face base plate, effect is obvious.
At present, domestic more employing VOICE FREQUENCY ELECTRIC PERSPECTIVE TECHNIQUE technology, but this technology can not realize long-time constant current power supply; Can not form constant supply current field, influence the quality of data, and transmitting party and take over party will be through the wire telephony contacts; Parameters such as pointwise agreement Measuring Time, pointwise report, pointwise record transmitter current, potential difference (PD); Number of devices is many, and job step is loaded down with trivial details, and work efficiency is low.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention provide a kind of be used for working face extraction before, guarantee in the workplace base plate certain limit that geologic anomaly situation such as (1/2 adopt wide) base plate property of water-bearing surveys new, efficiently, geophysical prospecting method accurately.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is: a kind of amplitude-frequency electricity perspective detection method may further comprise the steps:
One, erecting equipment
A, calibration equipment: confirm the emission tunnel and receive the tunnel according to the workplace actual conditions; The timer that will transmit is checked with reception signal timer synchronously, and transmitter and receiving equipment are debugged;
The installation of b, transmitter: in the emission tunnel along tunnel trend, according to predetermined space be provided with the individual launching site Ai of n (n>1) (i=1,2 ..., n), with producing detectable signal and being arranged on the launching site Ai to the transmitter that receives tunnel transmission detectable signal;
The installation of c, receiving equipment: in receiving the tunnel, move towards, be provided with the acceptance point that receives detectable signal in the precalculated position along the tunnel; For each the launching site Ai in the emission tunnel; The individual corresponding acceptance point of m (m>2) is set, with receiving detectable signal and the receiving equipment that detectable signal is stored being arranged on the acceptance point;
Two, measure
At first, start transmit timer and received signal timer simultaneously, meanwhile start transmitter and receiving equipment;
In the emission tunnel; Transmitter is with reference to transmitting timer; At predetermined launching site Ai, predetermined launch time, by scheduled unit power-on time, transmission interval and prearranged signals frequency emission detectable signal and write down this detectable signal; Meanwhile, in receiving the tunnel, receiving the detection information that detectable signal and recorder are arrived one by one with the corresponding m of a launching site Ai acceptance point through receiving equipment;
In receiving the tunnel to the signal from launching site Ai receive finish after, the position of launching site and the position that receives corresponding acceptance point in the tunnel are surveyed according to aforesaid way in the emission tunnel of synchronous change;
When all launching site in the emission tunnel and after receiving the detectable signal end of transmission (EOT) of corresponding acceptance point in the tunnel, will launch the tunnel and exchange with receiving the tunnel, survey again according to aforesaid way;
After surveying end, data recorded is handled in the time of will surveying, and obtains the geologic anomaly situation of search coverage.
Distance between the said launching site Ai is greater than 50m.
Distance between the said acceptance point is greater than 5m.
Transmitter in the said emission tunnel comprises the transmitter that produces detectable signal, the emitting electrode that detectable signal is launched and the remote electrode that is used for ground connection, and said transmitter, remote electrode and one of them emitting electrode form the launching circuit that constant supply current can be provided.
The unit power-on time of launching circuit is 10-15 minute in the said emission tunnel, and supply current is greater than 100mA, and is the constant current power supply.
Said remote electrode is at least 3 times face width apart from the distance of each launching site Ai.
The receiver that receiving equipment in the said reception tunnel comprises the storage detection signal and the receiving electrode group that is used to receive detectable signal (Mn, Nn); Said receiver and receiving electrode group form receiving loop.
Said receiving electrode group (Mn, Nn) in Mn, Nn two electrodes move towards layout and spacing greater than 1m perpendicular to the tunnel.
(Mn is 10m along the spacing of tunnel trend between Nn) to each receiving electrode group.
The beneficial effect that adopts technique scheme to obtain is following:
Transmitter and receiving equipment are independent split type in the measuring process of the present invention; Preengage the measurement of regularly fixing a point to cross; Significantly reduced number of devices and required staff's quantity; Alleviated staff's labour intensity; Improved detection operations efficient and detection data quality, fairly obvious at technique effect aspect the whole property of water-bearing evaluation of working face base plate; Wherein transmitter constant current power supply can produce continual and steady current field in the stratum, improved the quality of surveying the gained data; And the present invention can adopt two kinds of detectable signals of high and low frequency simultaneously, and compares detection according to the acquisition environment condition, and preferred optimum working parameter has been guaranteed the detection operations effect.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a metering system synoptic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the detection synoptic diagram of the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Describe the present invention below in conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.
Utilizing before amplitude-frequency electricity perspective detection method surveys, the equipment cleaning that influences result of detection in the tunnel that needs are surveyed is clean; Workplace tunnel is up and down stopped work, is had a power failure, and in the tunnel big vibration and sound can not be arranged; Gas does not exceed standard; The tunnel free space is wanted enough big (vertical working direction base plate free space is not less than 1.0m), and ponding and metal object accumulation on a large scale can not be arranged in the investigative range; Roadway floor is clean, does not have a large amount of float coal, scum silica frost.
After putting the tunnel environment in order, just begin to survey, mainly may further comprise the steps:
One, erecting equipment
A, calibration equipment: the emission of detectable signal is carried out in the upper and lower tunnel of working face respectively with reception; Moving towards of upper and lower tunnel is identical, according to the actual detection needs, confirms the emission tunnel and receives the tunnel; If last lane is the emission tunnel, descend the lane so just for receiving the tunnel; The firing operation personnel with receive operating personnel need appoint detectable signal life's work begins before launch time, unit power-on time, transmission interval, equipment operating frequency (signal frequency) etc., therefore need used timer and the received signal timer of transmitting separately checked synchronously; To debug good transmitter and receiving equipment then is transported to the emission tunnel and receives the tunnel.
The installation of b, transmitter: said transmitter comprises the transmitter that produces detectable signal, the emitting electrode that detectable signal is launched and the remote electrode that is used for ground connection; Remote electrode is arranged in apart from 3~5 times of workplaces of each launching site Ai adopts wide position at least, guarantees that remote electrode and emitting electrode ground connection are good; In the emission tunnel along tunnel trend, according to predetermined space be provided with the individual launching site Ai of n (n>1) (i=1,2 ..., n), the spacing between the adjacent transmission point is generally 50m-70m generally greater than 50m; Emitting electrode is arranged on the launching site Ai, and the emitting electrode on transmitter, remote electrode and certain the launching site Ai correctly is connected to form launching circuit through supply lines;
When arranging emitting electrode and remote electrode, should guarantee that electrode is away from ferrous material equipment such as track, scraper conveyer and beyond the local ponding 1m.
The installation of c, receiving equipment: the receiver that said receiving equipment comprises the storage detection signal and the receiving electrode group that is used to receive detectable signal (Mn, Nn), Mn, Nn are two continuous receiving electrodes; In receiving the tunnel, move towards, be provided with in the precalculated position acceptance point that receives detectable signal according to predetermined space along the tunnel; Distance between the acceptance point is greater than 5m; For emission each launching site Ai in the tunnel, the individual corresponding acceptance point of m (m>2) is set according to predetermined space; The receiving electrode group is arranged on the acceptance point, and (Mn Nn) correctly is connected to form receiving loop to receiver with being positioned at receiving electrode group on the acceptance point; Each receiving electrode group (Mn, Nn) in Mn, Nn two electrodes move towards layout and spacing greater than 1m perpendicular to the tunnel; (Mn is 10m along the spacing of tunnel trend between Nn) to each receiving electrode group.
Two, measure
At first,, need to start simultaneously transmit timer and received signal timer, meanwhile start transmitter and receiver for synchronism and the accuracy that guarantees to survey;
In the emission tunnel; The staff is with reference to transmitting timer; At predetermined launching site Ai, in predetermined launch time, utilize transmitter emission detection signal and send, note the parameters such as constant current value and detectable signal frequency in the position, signal transmission time, sigtnal interval, launching circuit of launching site Ai simultaneously through the emitting electrode that is positioned on the launching site Ai by predetermined unit power-on time, transmission interval and signal frequency etc.For example; The morning 8:00 to begin in first launching site A1 transmission frequency be the detectable signal of 45Hz; The duration of detectable signal is 10 minutes on each launching site, during detectable signal sends, receives the detectable signal reception work that needs completion and corresponding all acceptance points of A1 in the tunnel.Free time is 5 minutes between the adjacent transmission point; Be that detectable signal stops after a last launching site continues 10 minutes; In ensuing 5 minutes; Need the emitting electrode on transmitter and the next launching site be formed launching circuit, begin to continue 10 minutes detectable signal of emission then at the 15th minute.In whole detectable signal emission process, the supply current in the launching circuit is a steady state value.
Meanwhile; In receiving the tunnel, predetermined launch time, according to transmission interval, signal frequency through with the corresponding m of a launching site A1 acceptance point on the receiving electrode group (Mn Nn) receives detectable signal one by one; Receiving electrode group (Mn; Nn) detectable signal that receives is sent to receiver, receiver is noted the detection information that receives, and notes the pole span and actual measurement potential difference (PD) of each group of received electrode group.Corresponding with the operation in the above-mentioned emission tunnel; At first; With the first group of received electrode group (M1 N1) forms receiving loop with receiver, receiver the morning 8:00 begin to receive the detectable signal of 45Hz; After noting desired data; With receiver and the first group of received electrode group (M1 N1) breaks off, and with the second group of received electrode group (M2; N2) form receiving loop, will pass through the collecting electrode group of received detectable signal on accordingly all acceptance points within 10 minutes; Since the 10th minute, the position of adjustment collecting electrode group in ensuing 5 minutes, with its be set to the corresponding acceptance point of next launch point on, since the 15th minute, reception was from the detection information of next launch point on the new acceptance point of arranging.By this rule, up to corresponding each acceptance point of all launching site on detectable signal all receive and finish.
In receiving the tunnel to the signal from launching site Ai receive finish after, the position of launching site and the position that receives corresponding acceptance point in the tunnel in the emission tunnel of synchronous change are proceeded to survey according to aforesaid way; Promptly; When launching site A1 and with corresponding each acceptance point of A1 between communicate by letter finish after; The emitting electrode and the transmitter that will be positioned on the launching site A1 break off, and the emitting electrode and the transmitter that will be positioned on the launching site A2 form launching circuit, simultaneously; Also will receive emitting electrode group in the tunnel (Mn, Nn) be set to the corresponding acceptance point of A2 on receive.
When all launching site in the emission tunnel and after receiving the detectable signal end of transmission (EOT) of corresponding acceptance point in the tunnel, will launch the tunnel and exchange with receiving the tunnel, survey again according to aforesaid way.For the integrality that guarantees search coverage and the accuracy of detecting structure, need two tunnels exchanges be about to original emission tunnel as receiving the tunnel, reception tunnel is originally surveyed according to above-mentioned steps as the emission tunnel again.
After whole detection process finishes; Data recorded is handled in the time of will surveying; Thereby obtain the geologic anomaly situation of search coverage (being workplace). these data are handled accordingly; Make various equivalent sectional drawings as required, thereby obtain various analysis of abnormal figure in the search coverage geology.
In detection process, launching site A1, A2 ... An can be positioned on the same straight line of parallel roadways trend.
In detection process; In order to guarantee detection accuracy, each launching site Ai wants corresponding m winding sink, and m should be 3 at least; Promptly a launching site is answered corresponding 3 acceptance points at least; The optimal way of the position of acceptance point and launching site relation is: with the launching site is reference point, and the line that is positioned at acceptance point and the launching site at center should be parallel to the plane of meeting head on, tunnel, and remaining acceptance point should lay respectively at the left and right sides of this acceptance point.
In detection process, as need adjust the position of launching site the time, should in time write down concrete adjustment content because of the local ponding in tunnel.In receiving the tunnel, along the vertical working trend, by predetermined spacing successively acceptance point be arranged to right receiving electrode group (M1, N1), (M2; N2) ..., (Mn; Nn), in the delta-shaped region that with the launching site is summit, all acceptance points formation, receiver is at the signal transmission time of arranging in advance, by the detectable signal of group of received from launching circuit; And write down receiving electrode group on each acceptance point (Mn, pole span Nn), the actual measurement potential difference (PD).If causing the potential difference (PD) of the receiving electrode group on the corresponding acceptance point with other of the potential difference (PD) of the receiving electrode group on certain acceptance point when in measuring process, running into catastrophe point compares when having than mistake; Must make the best use of time to carry out repetition measurement; If the error of the result of repetition measurement and former measurement result is greater than 5%; Carry out repeatedly repetition measurement or after work comes to an end, mend survey, the error up between the survey result is less than 5%, and this measurement result just is valid data.
The frequency that receiver transmits should to receive the frequency of signal consistent with receiver, could guarantee the validity of data like this.
Embodiment
Fig. 2 is the achievement synoptic diagram that utilizes method of the present invention that north, huge ore deposit, energy east well 9208 workplace amplitude-frequencies in the Ji are surveyed;
Huge ore deposit, east north well 9208 fully-mechanized mining working masters adopt Carboniferous system Taiyuan group 9# coal, and the 9# coal is apart from underliing only 35m of gray area strong aquifer end face difficult to understand.On 27 days~November 30 October in 2009, Hebei Coal Mining Research Institute adopts the complex geophysical prospecting technology, and 9208 workplaces are surveyed and estimated.
This work face length 1080m, wide 70m.In the present embodiment, in the emission tunnel, move towards every 60m along the tunnel and arrange a launching site, in receiving the tunnel, an acceptance point is set along the every 10m of vertical working direction; The corresponding reception of each launching site lane segment length is 150m, and promptly corresponding about 15 acceptance points of each launching site amount to and arrange 36 emitting electrodes, about 530 group of received electrode groups.It is 5 minutes that the unit power-on time of launching circuit is made as 10 minutes, station transfer time (signal transmission interval).Do not disclose a tomography in the tunnelling, structural environment is simple.The signal frequency of transmitter and receiver is consistent, and the steady current in the launching circuit is 150mA.
Explanation curve according to amplitude-frequency electricity perspective detection method obtains can know that it is moisture unusual that entire working surface is drawn a circle to approve 2 places altogether.
On November 15th, 2010, back production 680m, entering physical prospecting 2# exceptions area generation base plate gushing water accident, water yield 1800m 3/ h, workplace is flooded.
Because early stage, the specific aim deployment has been done in work to workplace control water security, and was with effective measures, guarantees that the casualties situation does not appear in this gushing water according to the physical prospecting data.
Surveying with embodiment Middle East Pang Kuang north well 9208 workplaces is example, adopt the VOICE FREQUENCY ELECTRIC PERSPECTIVE TECHNIQUE method need be equipped with professional detection personnel 7 people, when consuming the chief engineer 280.0; Adopt amplitude-frequency of the present invention electricity perspective detection method need use detection personnel 5 people, when consuming the chief engineer 97.5.Method of the present invention is compared with conventional audio electricity scenography, and accumulative total is practiced thrift 182.5 of man-hours, and work efficiency has improved 1.87 times.
If consider because of the time that increases the wiring, the take-up that bring working day, goes into the well, operation such as gug is brought increases, work efficiency improve will 3-4 doubly more than.
Table 1 is amplitude-frequency electricity perspective detection method and VOICE FREQUENCY ELECTRIC PERSPECTIVE TECHNIQUE method construction time spent contrast table.
Among this embodiment, transmitter and receiver all adopts WDJF-1 type numeral amplitude-frequency induced polarization instrument, bifrequency emission, constant current power supply.The used receive mode of equipment that receives in the tunnel is parallel one pole-double distribution method.Therefore, this method is a tunnel emission, receives in the certain limit in another tunnel simultaneously to transmit.
The principal feature of transmitter is many (4Hz, 4/13 Hz of measuring frequency point among this embodiment; 8Hz, 8/13 Hz; 16Hz, 16/13 Hz; 32Hz, 32/13 Hz), emissive power big (800V * 1A constant current), antijamming capability be strong; Can realize that double frequency launches simultaneously, receives; Long-time constant current power supply (the unit continued power time surpasses 10min, and the power supply design can further prolong as required) can keep long-time measurement.
Transmitter and receiving equipment adopt separate split-type structural in the present embodiment, transmit and receive respectively and in two tunnels, carry out.According to making an appointment; In the emission tunnel regularly, fixed point, decide frequency, constant current is launched; In receiving the corresponding sector region in tunnel regularly, fixed point, decide frequency and receive, emission, receive both sides and need not to report and write down parameters such as supply current through mode pointwise contacts such as wire telephony, pointwise, simplified number of devices greatly; Alleviate labour intensity, improved work efficiency.
Figure 762966DEST_PATH_IMAGE002

Claims (9)

1. an amplitude-frequency electricity is had an X-rayed detection method, it is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
One, erecting equipment
A, calibration equipment: confirm the emission tunnel and receive the tunnel according to the workplace actual conditions; The timer that will transmit is checked with reception signal timer synchronously, and transmitter and receiving equipment are debugged;
The installation of b, transmitter: in the emission tunnel along tunnel trend, according to predetermined space be provided with the individual launching site Ai of n (n>1) (i=1,2 ..., n), with producing detectable signal and being arranged on the launching site Ai to the transmitter that receives tunnel transmission detectable signal;
The installation of c, receiving equipment: in receiving the tunnel, move towards, be provided with the acceptance point that receives detectable signal in the precalculated position along the tunnel; For each the launching site Ai in the emission tunnel; The individual corresponding acceptance point of m (m>2) is set, with receiving detectable signal and the receiving equipment that detectable signal is stored being arranged on the acceptance point;
Two, measure
At first, start transmit timer and received signal timer simultaneously, meanwhile start transmitter and receiving equipment;
In the emission tunnel; Transmitter is with reference to transmitting timer; At predetermined launching site Ai, predetermined launch time, by scheduled unit power-on time, transmission interval and prearranged signals frequency emission detectable signal and write down this detectable signal; Meanwhile, in receiving the tunnel, receiving the detection information that detectable signal and recorder are arrived one by one with the corresponding m of a launching site Ai acceptance point through receiving equipment;
In receiving the tunnel to the signal from launching site Ai receive finish after, the position of launching site and the position that receives corresponding acceptance point in the tunnel are surveyed according to aforesaid way in the emission tunnel of synchronous change;
When all launching site in the emission tunnel and after receiving the detectable signal end of transmission (EOT) of corresponding acceptance point in the tunnel, will launch the tunnel and exchange with receiving the tunnel, survey again according to aforesaid way;
After surveying end, data recorded is handled in the time of will surveying, and obtains the geologic anomaly situation of search coverage.
2. a kind of amplitude-frequency electricity perspective detection method according to claim 1 is characterized in that distance between the said launching site Ai is greater than 50m.
3. a kind of amplitude-frequency electricity perspective detection method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that distance between the said acceptance point is greater than 5m.
4. a kind of amplitude-frequency electricity perspective detection method according to claim 1; It is characterized in that transmitter in the said emission tunnel comprises the transmitter that produces detectable signal, the emitting electrode that detectable signal is launched and the remote electrode that is used for ground connection, said transmitter, remote electrode and one of them emitting electrode form the launching circuit that constant supply current can be provided.
5. a kind of amplitude-frequency electricity perspective detection method according to claim 4, the unit power-on time that it is characterized in that launching circuit said emission tunnel in is 10-15 minute, supply current is greater than 100mA, and is that constant current is supplied power.
6. according to claim 4 or 5 described a kind of amplitude-frequency electricity perspective detection methods, it is characterized in that said remote electrode is at least 3 times face width apart from the distance of each launching site Ai.
7. according to claim 1 or 4 described a kind of amplitude-frequencies electricity perspective detection methods, it is characterized in that receiving equipment said reception tunnel in comprise the receiver of storage detection signal and be used to receive detectable signal the receiving electrode group (Mn, Nn); Said receiver and receiving electrode group form receiving loop.
8. amplitude-frequency according to claim 7 electricity perspective detection method, it is characterized in that said receiving electrode group (Mn, Nn) in Mn, Nn two electrodes move towards layout and spacing greater than 1m perpendicular to the tunnel.
9. amplitude-frequency according to claim 7 electricity perspective detection method is characterized in that (Mn, the spacing of trend is 10m to each receiving electrode group along the tunnel between Nn).
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CN103105626A (en) * 2013-01-25 2013-05-15 湖南继善高科技有限公司 Multi-frequency induced polarization instrument system for restraining phase drift and coupled noise
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