CN102679371A - Sludge drying and incineration device and method - Google Patents
Sludge drying and incineration device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102679371A CN102679371A CN2012101899627A CN201210189962A CN102679371A CN 102679371 A CN102679371 A CN 102679371A CN 2012101899627 A CN2012101899627 A CN 2012101899627A CN 201210189962 A CN201210189962 A CN 201210189962A CN 102679371 A CN102679371 A CN 102679371A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sludge drying and incineration device and a sludge drying and incineration method. A sludge inlet and a flue gas outlet are formed at the upper end of a device body, a drying chamber, an upper-bed air distribution plate, a combustion chamber, a lower-bed air distribution plate and a slag discharge opening are sequentially arranged in the device body from top to bottom, replenished air inlets are formed on a side wall of the device body on the upper part of the upper-bed air distribution plate, an auxiliary fuel inlet is formed on the side wall of the device body above the lower-bed air distribution plate, a primary air opening is formed on the side wall of the device body below the lower-bed air distribution plate, and the upper part of the drying chamber is connected with the bottom of the combustion chamber through a discharge opening, an upper-bed discharge tube, a feeder, a high-pressure air opening, a lower-bed return tube and a return opening. The quantity of drying equipment outside a furnace is decreased, thermal loss due to low heat exchange efficiency of the drying equipment in sludge drying and incineration technology is reduced, the investment and running cost of the drying equipment outside the furnace are lowered, the complexity of a system is reduced, and sludge can be combusted stably in a single fluidized bed furnace.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to incinerator and method thereof, relate in particular to a kind of sludge anhydration burning devices and methods therefor.
Background technology
China's Treatment of Sludge technology is main with agricultural and landfill at present.But mud is used for the agricultural problem safe in utilization that the most important thing is.Owing to contain a large amount of malignant bacterias in the mud, enrichment heavy metal, and in dehydration, added chemical agent again, so the effect property of sludge manure and innocuousness wait further research.For landfill,, also have shortcomings such as water content height, easy obstruction landfill yard percolating pipe, so that forbidden admitting sewage sludge as the landfill yard on ground such as Hangzhou, Shenzhen owing to contain a large amount of harmful substances in the mud.Recent years, the domestic research that the sludge building material utilization also occurs, but treating capacity is less, and because the difficult quality identification of building material product, market becomes restraining factors.We can say that the harmless treatment of mud has become governments at all levels in China must solution, instant significant problem.Therefore, press for and seek a kind of technological means that can stablize, clean, handle on a large scale mud, with an effective difficult problem of handling a large amount of sewage sludge harmlessness recycling treatment that China faces.
The processing method that with the burning is core is a processing method the most completely, and this is because burning method is compared with other method and had outstanding advantage:
(1) burn the volume to make excess sludge and reduce to and minimize, thereby the material that finally needs to dispose seldom, burns ash and can be made into useful product, is relatively safe sludge treatment mode.
(2) the burning and processing sludge processing speed is fast, does not need long term storage.
(3) but the mud on-site incineration does not need long-distance transportation.
(4) can recover energy, be used for the mummification and the power generation and heat supply of mud self.
(5) can make whole carbonizations of organic matter and burning fully, pathogen kill, the environmental contaminants discharging is controlled.
Sludge incineration is burned two kinds after being divided into direct burning and mummification.The direct burning of mud is that high humidity (moisture content is more than 80%) mud is directly burned in incinerator under the situation as thermal source of auxiliary fuel.Burning high humidity (moisture content is more than 80%) after the mummification of mud is to burn after mud is cured to certain moisture content in advance again.The direct burning of mud is because sludge moisture content is big, calorific value is low, and burning can't keep the siege temperature in the stove, needs to consume a large amount of auxiliary fuels and just can keep stable burning.From aspects such as operating cost and equipment investments, the direct burning of mud is replaced by burning after the mummification just gradually.
Burning disposal adopts the mode that desiccation machine and incinerator are provided with respectively usually behind traditional sludge drying, outside stove, moisture content could be guaranteed smooth combustion after up to 80% above wet sludge anhydration, but the outer mummification of stove is burned and had following shortcoming:
(1) general mummification equipment thermal efficiency has only 80%, produces extra thermal loss with directly burning ratio in the stove, therefore usually need drop into extra auxiliary fuel.
(2) mummification equipment power consumption is higher.
(3) the mummification equipment price is high, and it is bigger in system's investment, to account for share.
(4) in the stove heating surface is arranged, the boiler consumptive material is bigger.
(5) systematic comparison is complicated, and year running time is low.
This shows, for the processing cost and the energy consumption of mud, though burning disposal improves to some extent than the direct burning of mud behind traditional sludge drying, but still be quite high, demands urgently reducing.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome deficiency of the prior art, a kind of sludge anhydration burning devices and methods therefor is provided.
The device of sludge anhydration burning comprises mummification chamber, mud inlet, exhanst gas outlet, discharge gate, replenishes wind inlet, the air distribution plate of going to bed, combustion chamber, auxiliary fuel inlet, feedback outlet, the air distribution plate of leaving the bed, slag-drip opening, primary air nozzle, the drainage conduit of going to bed, batcher, high pressure air port, the feed back pipe of leaving the bed; The device body upper end is provided with mud inlet, exhanst gas outlet; Be provided with mummification chamber, the air distribution plate of going to bed, combustion chamber, the air distribution plate of leaving the bed, slag-drip opening in the device body from top to bottom in order; The device body sidewall of air distribution plate top of going to bed is provided with and replenishes the wind inlet; The device body sidewall of air distribution plate top of leaving the bed is provided with the auxiliary fuel inlet; The device body sidewall of air distribution plate below of leaving the bed is provided with primary air nozzle, and top, mummification chamber links to each other with the bottom, combustion chamber through discharge gate, the drainage conduit of going to bed, batcher, high pressure air port, the feed back pipe of leaving the bed, feedback outlet.
Described discharge gate is arranged on 0.65～0.67 place of mummification chamber height.
Totally 4 of described additional wind inlets lay respectively at four jiaos of the device body sidewalls of the air distribution plate top of going to bed.
Described mummification chamber volume is 4.9～5.1:1 with the ratio of combustion chamber volume, and the long-pending ratio with chamber cross section of mummification chamber cross-section is 2.9～3.1:1, and mummification chamber height is 1.58～1.75:1 with the ratio of combustion chamber height
The sludge anhydration burning method: the gas flow rate of combustion chamber is 1.5～2.5 times of combustion chamber critical fludization velocities; Combustion chamber fluidisation excess air coefficient is 1.38～1.42, and moisture content is that the high-moisture mud of 75%-85% drops on the air distribution plate of going to bed after furnace roof mud inlet feeds, intensification mummification under from the heating of leave the bed combustion chamber high temperature flue gas and high hotbed material; Move to discharge gate on bed surface owing to fluidization simultaneously; The mud of removing moisture content behind the part moisture and be 38%-42% through discharge gate, gets into the combustion chamber with the bed material under the control of batcher, on the combustion chamber, continue mummification and burn; Burning can be kept in the assurance combustion chamber; And ignition temperature reaches 800～900 ℃, and gas residence time >=2 second are when mud butt calorific value is crossed when low; It is combustion-supporting to add the auxiliary fuel coal through the auxiliary fuel inlet; The flying dust that burning produces, flue gas get into the bed material heat exchange on mummification chamber and the mummification chamber through the blast cap on the air distribution plate of going to bed, and become temperature after high-temperature flue gas, flying dust and the wet mud heat exchange and be 250～350 ℃ middle temperature flue gas and flying dust, because the indoor mud of mummification and bed expect that granularity is bigger; So mud, a bed material that flue gas carries can fall along the burner hearth wall; And middle temperature flue gas and flying dust get into air preheater through exhanst gas outlet and are used to heat fresh air to 120～150 ℃, and fresh air gets into the combustion chamber through primary air nozzle and high pressure air port, through replenishing wind inlet entering mummification chamber; Replenish wind inlet air quantity should be primary air nozzle and high pressure tuyere air volume and 2.1～2.3 times, with the realization of assurance combustion chamber and mummification chamber 1 fluidisation.
The present invention has reduced the outer mummification equipment of stove; Reduced the sludge anhydration burning technology because the heat loss that mummification equipment heat exchange efficiency produces; Reduce outer mummification investment of devices of stove and operating cost, reduced the complexity of system, in single fluidised bed stove, can realize the smooth combustion of mud.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a sludge anhydration burning apparatus structure sketch map;
Among the figure, mummification chamber 1, mud inlet 2, exhanst gas outlet 3, discharge gate 4, additional wind inlet 5, the air distribution plate 6 of going to bed, combustion chamber 7, auxiliary fuel inlet 8, feedback outlet 9, the air distribution plate 10 of leaving the bed, slag-drip opening 11, primary air nozzle 12, the drainage conduit of going to bed 13, batcher 14, high pressure air port 15, the feed back pipe 16 of leaving the bed.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the device of sludge anhydration burning comprises mummification chamber 1, mud inlet 2, exhanst gas outlet 3, discharge gate 4, replenishes wind inlet 5, the air distribution plate 6 of going to bed, combustion chamber 7, auxiliary fuel inlet 8, feedback outlet 9, the air distribution plate 10 of leaving the bed, slag-drip opening 11, primary air nozzle 12, the drainage conduit of going to bed 13, batcher 14, high pressure air port 15, the feed back pipe 16 of leaving the bed; The device body upper end is provided with mud inlet 2, exhanst gas outlet 3; Be provided with mummification chamber 1, the air distribution plate 6 of going to bed, combustion chamber 7, the air distribution plate 10 of leaving the bed, slag-drip opening 11 in the device body from top to bottom in order; The device body sidewall of air distribution plate 6 tops of going to bed is provided with and replenishes wind inlet 5; The device body sidewall of air distribution plate 10 tops of leaving the bed is provided with auxiliary fuel inlet 8; The device body sidewall of air distribution plate 10 belows of leaving the bed is provided with primary air nozzle 12, and 1 top, mummification chamber links to each other with 7 bottoms, combustion chamber through discharge gate 4, the drainage conduit of going to bed 13, batcher 14, high pressure air port 15, the feed back pipe 16 of leaving the bed, feedback outlet 9.
Described discharge gate (4) is arranged on 0.65～0.67 place of mummification chamber (1) height.Described additional wind inlet 5 totally 4 lays respectively at four jiaos of the device body sidewalls of air distribution plate 6 tops of going to bed.Described mummification chamber 1 volume is 4.9～5.1:1 with the ratio of combustion chamber 7 volumes, and mummification chamber 1 cross-sectional area is 2.9～3.1:1 with the ratio of combustion chamber 7 cross-sectional areas, and mummification chamber 1 height is 1.58～1.75:1 with the ratio of combustion chamber 7 height.
The sludge anhydration burning method: the gas flow rate of combustion chamber 7 is 1.5～2.5 times of combustion chamber 7 critical fludization velocities; Combustion chamber 7 fluidisation excess air coefficients are 1.38～1.42, and moisture content is that the high-moisture mud of 75%-85% drops on the air distribution plate 6 of going to bed after furnace roof mud inlet 2 feeds, intensification mummification under from the heating of bed combustor 7 high-temperature flue gas and high hotbed material down; Simultaneously owing to fluidization is moved to discharge gate 4 on bed surface; The mud of removing moisture content behind the part moisture and be 38%-42% through discharge gate 4, gets into combustion chamber 7 with the bed material under the control of batcher 14, on combustion chamber 7, continue mummification and burn; Burning can be kept in assurance combustion chamber 7; And ignition temperature reaches 800～900 ℃, and gas residence time >=2 second are when mud butt calorific value is crossed when low; It is combustion-supporting to add the auxiliary fuel coal through auxiliary fuel inlet 8; The flying dust that burning produces, flue gas get into the bed material heat exchange on mummification chamber 1 and the mummification chamber 1 through the blast cap on the air distribution plate 6 of going to bed, and become temperature after high-temperature flue gas, flying dust and the wet mud heat exchange and be 250～350 ℃ middle temperature flue gas and flying dust, because mud and bed expect that granularity is bigger in the mummification chamber 1; So mud, a bed material that flue gas carries can fall along the burner hearth wall; And middle temperature flue gas and flying dust get into air preheaters through exhanst gas outlet 3 and are used to heat fresh air to 120～150 ℃, and fresh air gets into mummification chambers 1 through primary air nozzle 12 and 15 entering combustion chambers 7, high pressure air port through replenishing wind inlet 5; Additional wind enter the mouth 5 air quantity should be primary air nozzle 12 and high pressure air port 15 air quantity and 2.1～2.3 times, to guarantee the realization of combustion chamber 7 and mummification chamber 1 fluidisation.
Device with the sludge anhydration burning of scale 100 ton per days is an example; The moisture percentage in sewage sludge of access to plant is 75-85%, and the butt higher calorific value is 12-13 million Jiao/kilograms, and combustion chamber 7 fluidisation excess air coefficients are 1.4; Combustion chamber 7 gas flow rates are 2 times of combustion chamber 7 critical fludization velocities; Complete oxidation index≤50 milligram/cubic metre, combustion chamber 7 outlet oxygen content of smoke gas (percentage by volume) are 6-10%, deslagging, the hot burn decrement rate of flying dust≤3%; It is 40% that moisture percentage in sewage sludge is discharged in mummification chamber 1; Adjustment gets into the sludge quantity of combustion chamber 7 according to mummification chamber 1 mud liquid level; The flue gas that discharge mummification chamber 1 is sent to the deduster dedusting behind air preheater, be sent to smoke processing system (multistage flue gas washing tower) again and handle the back qualified discharge.
In above-mentioned example, with moisture content 80%, the mud of butt higher calorific value 12.5 million Jiao/kilograms is example, and said sludge anhydration burning device is calculated.Handle mud per ton and need 0.8 ton of transpiring moisture (moisture content drops to 0 by 80%), can get 0.2 ton of dewatered sludge; By 20 ℃ of water vapours that are heated to 300 ℃ of room temperature, institute's energy requirement is (3074.54-334.99) kilojoule per kilogram with 0.8 ton of water
800 kilograms=2191640 kilojoules; The thermal efficiency of dewatered sludge burning is in 88%, and the heat that sludge incineration produces is 12.5
10
3Kilojoule per kilogram
200 kilograms
The 88%=2200000 kilojoule.Hence one can see that, and to said sludge anhydration burning device, mud is can keep smooth combustion basically, only needs at moisture percentage in sewage sludge too high or sludge calorific value to cross to add auxiliary fuel when low to get final product.
Claims (5)
1. the device of a sludge anhydration burning is characterized in that comprising mummification chamber (1), mud inlet (2), exhanst gas outlet (3), discharge gate (4), replenishes wind inlet (5), the air distribution plate of going to bed (6), combustion chamber (7), auxiliary fuel inlet (8), feedback outlet (9), the air distribution plate of leaving the bed (10), slag-drip opening (11), primary air nozzle (12), the drainage conduit of going to bed (13), batcher (14), high pressure air port (15), the feed back pipe (16) of leaving the bed; The device body upper end is provided with mud inlet (2), exhanst gas outlet (3); Be provided with mummification chamber (1), the air distribution plate of going to bed (6), combustion chamber (7), the air distribution plate of leaving the bed (10), slag-drip opening (11) in the device body from top to bottom in order; The device body sidewall of air distribution plate (6) top of going to bed is provided with and replenishes wind inlet (5); The device body sidewall of air distribution plate (10) top of leaving the bed is provided with auxiliary fuel inlet (8); The device body sidewall of air distribution plate (10) below of leaving the bed is provided with primary air nozzle (12), and top, mummification chamber (1) links to each other bottom discharge gate (4), the drainage conduit of going to bed (13), batcher (14), high pressure air port (15), the feed back pipe (16) of leaving the bed, feedback outlet (9) and combustion chamber (7).
2. the device of a kind of sludge anhydration burning according to claim 1 is characterized in that described discharge gate (4) is arranged on 0.65～0.67 place of mummification chamber (1) height.
3. the device of a kind of sludge anhydration burning according to claim 1 is characterized in that described additional wind inlet (5) totally 4, lays respectively at four jiaos of the device body sidewalls of the air distribution plate of going to bed (6) top.
4. the device of a kind of sludge anhydration burning according to claim 1; The ratio that it is characterized in that described mummification chamber (1) volume and combustion chamber (7) volume is 4.9～5.1:1; The ratio of mummification chamber (1) cross-sectional area and combustion chamber (7) cross-sectional area is 2.9～3.1:1, and mummification chamber (1) height is 1.58～1.75:1 with the ratio of combustion chamber (7) height.
5. sludge anhydration burning method that use is installed according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: the gas flow rate of combustion chamber (7) is 1.5～2.5 times of combustion chambers (7) critical fludization velocities; Combustion chamber (7) fluidisation excess air coefficient is 1.38～1.42, and moisture content is that the high-moisture mud of 75%-85% drops on the air distribution plate of going to bed (6) after furnace roof mud inlet (2) feeds, intensification mummification under from the heating of bed combustor (7) high-temperature flue gas and high hotbed material down; Move to discharge gate (4) on bed surface owing to fluidization simultaneously; The mud of removing moisture content behind the part moisture and be 38%-42% through discharge gate (4), gets into combustion chamber (7) with the bed material under the control of batcher (14), (7) are gone up and continued mummification and burn in the combustion chamber; Burning can be kept in assurance combustion chamber (7); And ignition temperature reaches 800～900 ℃, and gas residence time >=2 second are when mud butt calorific value is crossed when low; It is combustion-supporting to add the auxiliary fuel coal through auxiliary fuel inlet (8); The flying dust that burning produces, flue gas get into the bed material heat exchange on mummification chamber (1) and the mummification chamber (1) through the blast cap on the air distribution plate of going to bed (6), become temperature after high-temperature flue gas, flying dust and the wet mud heat exchange and be 250～350 ℃ middle temperature flue gas and flying dust, because interior the mud in mummification chamber (1) and bed expect that granularity is bigger; So mud, a bed material that flue gas carries can fall along the burner hearth wall; And middle temperature flue gas and flying dust get into air preheater through exhanst gas outlet (3) and are used to heat fresh air to 120～150 ℃, and fresh air gets into combustion chamber (7) through primary air nozzle (12) and high pressure air port (15), through replenishing wind inlet (5) entering mummification chamber (1); Replenish wind inlet (5) air quantity should be primary air nozzle (12) and high pressure air port (15) air quantity and 2.1～2.3 times, with the realization of assurance combustion chamber (7) and mummification chamber (1) fluidisation.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103175198A (en) * | 2013-04-08 | 2013-06-26 | 河北省电力勘测设计研究院 | Continuous bed material replenishing device for circulating fluidized bed boiler |
| CN104819474A (en) * | 2015-05-12 | 2015-08-05 | 周浩男 | Efficient smoke-free carbonization device |
| CN104848230A (en) * | 2015-05-31 | 2015-08-19 | 北京四维天拓技术有限公司 | Cyclone incinerator |
| CN110822452A (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-02-21 | 胡双双 | Sludge treatment equipment based on environmental protection |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104456583B (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2016-03-23 | 南京工大环境科技有限公司 | A kind of chemical engineering sludge burning process |
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| CN110822452B (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2021-05-14 | 北京能大环保科技有限公司 | Sludge treatment equipment based on environmental protection |
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Application publication date: 20120919 Assignee: Zhejiang Wuhua Tianbao Energy Environmental Protection Co., Ltd. Assignor: Zhejiang University Contract record no.: 2018330000056 Denomination of invention: Sludge drying and incineration device and method Granted publication date: 20130424 License type: Common License Record date: 20180522 |