CN102677695B - Mutually-embedded ecological building block retaining wall and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Mutually-embedded ecological building block retaining wall and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102677695B CN102677695B CN201210157707.4A CN201210157707A CN102677695B CN 102677695 B CN102677695 B CN 102677695B CN 201210157707 A CN201210157707 A CN 201210157707A CN 102677695 B CN102677695 B CN 102677695B
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Abstract
The invention provides a mutually-embedded ecological building block retaining wall and a construction method thereof, and belongs to the field of buildings. The mutually-embedded ecological building block retaining wall is formed by two or more than two layers of mutually embedded ecological building blocks which are arranged transversely side by side and stacked upwards; each of the mutually embedded ecological building blocks has a front surface of the building block and a back surface of the building block which are parallel to each other; a hole is formed in the middle part of the building block; a groove is formed on the top part of the building block; the front surface of the groove and the back surface of the groove are respectively parallel to the front surface of the building block and the back surface of the building block; a bump is arranged on the bottom part of the building block; the groove is matched with the bump in size; and the bump of the building block on the upper layer is embedded into the groove of the building block on the lower layer. The construction method comprises the following steps of: placing a building block on a construction foundation to serve as a first layer; placing a building block on the first layer building block to serve as a second layer, wherein the bump on the bottom part of the second layer building block is completely embedded into the groove of the first layer building block; and repeatedly placing the building blocks to a designed height. Grass-like vegetation and vine-like plants can be grown in openings of the building blocks and gaps among the building blocks, so that a good ecological effect is achieved.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of inter-embedding type ecological block retaining wall and construction method thereof, belongs to building field.
Background technology
Retaining wall refers to the sustaining retaining structure of supporting Roadbed Soil, natural slope, bay, navigation channel revetment, feature wall and the hillside soil body etc., prevents from banketing or the structure of soil deformation unstability, and wherein gravity retaining wall is the most frequently used at present retaining wall structure of China.Traditional gravity retaining wall (as stone masonry barricade, concrete guard wall etc.) relies on dead load and the frictional force overturning or slip resistance analysis between retaining wall bottom surface and basis and resist soil pressure and is used for stablizing of holding structure.Because gravity retaining wall maintains balance and stability by deadweight, therefore, volume, weight are all large, and soft foundation is built the restriction being often subject to bearing capacity.Meanwhile, gravity retaining wall construction and excavation side amount is large, and material therefor is many, and operating expenses is high, time-consuming, and does not have function that is ecological and view, there is larger restriction in soft foundation construction and the engineering such as navigation channel, view retaining wall.
Interlaid type building block retaining wall is the novel soil-baffling structure of one just grown up the nearly more than ten years, and the apparent density due to building block is 16.8 ~ 17.3kN/m
3, substantially identical with density of banketing, lower to ground requirement for bearing capacity; Compared with gravity retaining wall, Retaining Walls of Hollow Concrete Blocks wall health amasss little, can reduce cuts into a mountain dig stone side amount; Block profile is succinctly attractive in appearance, has ecology and landscape function.Tradition Retaining Walls of Hollow Concrete Blocks generally adopts the method for grouting, and construction is comparatively complicated; Existing inter-embedding type masonry form inlay positions multidigit is in edge, be combined to form complete inlay and groove by former and later two building blocks, and need between building block, by reinforcing bar, rivet tandem overlap joint, to form the side slope of certain slope, construction is comparatively complicated, application exists certain restriction.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of inter-embedding type ecological block retaining wall and construction method thereof.By changing the relative position of inter-embedding type ecological block end face groove part, the inclination angle size of obtained retaining wall alien invasion can be changed, make alien invasion inclination angle from vertically to vertical line angle 15 ° within the scope of change arbitrarily, expand the range of application of inter-embedding type retaining wall, thus the practicality of this type barricade is greatly enhanced, ecoscape retaining wall can be applied to.
The technical scheme adopted is:
A kind of inter-embedding type ecological block retaining wall, it is characterized in that: by two-layer above inter-embedding type ecological block laterally side by side and upwards stackingly to form, described inter-embedding type ecological block has before the building block that is parallel to each other and after building block, and there is perforate at the middle part of building block, has groove at block tops; Before groove with after groove respectively with before described building block with building block after parallel; Projection is provided with, the dimensional fits of groove and projection at building block bottom position.Projection due to last layer building block embeds in the groove of lower one deck building block, reach mutual embedding effect, pin or armature wire can not be used, owing to defining the interlocking being similar to gear, can ensure that levels building block can not produce rigidity and slide, add stability and the compatibility of deformation ability of body of wall, avoid the crack problem grouting structure and produce due to inhomogeneous deformation.Perforate in the middle part of building block, can reduce the apparent density of building block, and when using conventional material, apparent density is at 16.8 ~ 17.3kN/m
3, substantially identical with density of banketing, low to ground requirement for bearing capacity, structure durability is good.
Further, equal with the width of the distance after building block, projection with after the distance before building block, projection before the projection of the building block of above-mentioned inter-embedding type ecological block retaining wall.The stability of retaining wall can be made better, and easy construction.
Further, the angle of the groove center of above-mentioned inter-embedding type ecological block and the line at projection center and vertical direction is 0 ° ~ 15 °, thus make its more effective adaptation site operation to the requirement of retaining wall alien invasion change of pitch angle, thus the retaining wall at different metope inclination angle can be constructed into.
Further, the groove corner of above-mentioned inter-embedding type ecological block and/or projection corner are arc, can reduce the problem of stress concentration with reinforcing body in building block in building block, improve the intensity of building block soil-baffling structure; When reinforced geo-grid installed by needs in building block, the tensile property of reinforced geo-grid can be given full play to.
Further, the perforate in above-mentioned building block is arc limit square hole, and the left side of perforate and the right side are arc.
Further, the building block left side and the building block right side are arcwall face.Minitype aquatic animal after barricade has been built by laying bricks or stones, in building block perforate and building block gap, careless class vegetation, climing vine plant can be grown, if when barricade is used for River Embankment, can find the institute of perching in hole, has good ecological effect.When arcwall face effectively can ensure that retaining wall turns to, the front and back of blockhouse overlap and smooth transition.
Further, above-mentioned inter-embedding type ecological block retaining wall at least comprises one deck reinforced geo-grid, and described reinforced geo-grid one end is clipped in two-layer building block division surface and stretches out the wall front of retaining wall, and the other end stretches out the wall back side of retaining wall.
Present invention also offers a kind of construction method of above-mentioned inter-embedding type ecological block retaining wall, comprise the following steps:
(1) building block is placed on construction basis, as first floor.
(2) in the building block of above-mentioned first floor, place building block, as the second layer, the projection bottom the building block of the second layer is embedded in the groove of first floor building block completely.
(3) step 2 is repeated, by retaining wall construction to design height.
Further, also comprise in above-mentioned step 2: in adjacent two layers building block, lay reinforced geo-grid, reinforced geo-grid one end is clipped in two-layer building block division surface and stretches out the wall front of retaining wall, the other end stretches out the wall back side of retaining wall, after inserting and banketing, can stay in banketing.The technique effect reached is: to increase snap-in force between aspect reinforced geo-grid being pressed into concave-convex clutch.
In sum, inter-embedding type ecological block retaining wall provided by the invention and construction method thereof have following technique effect:
1. inter-embedding type ecological block retaining wall use building block in the middle part of perforate, the apparent density of building block can be reduced, reduce the requirement of ground soil bearing capacity.
2., when building block being used for building up retaining wall, the projection of last layer building block embeds in the groove of lower one deck building block, to reach mutual embedding effect, can not use pin or armature wire.
3. minitype aquatic animal can grow careless class vegetation, climing vine plant in building block perforate and building block gap, if when barricade is used for River Embankment, can find the institute of perching in hole, has good ecological effect.
4. the groove corner of building block and/or projection corner are arc, can to reduce in building block and the problem of stress concentration of reinforcing body in building block, improve the intensity of building block soil-baffling structure; When needs install reinforced geo-grid in building block, the tensile property of reinforcement material can be given full play to.
5., when the groove center of building block and the line at projection center and the angle of vertical direction change in 0 ° ~ 15 °, its more effective adaptation site operation can be made the requirement of retaining wall alien invasion change of pitch angle.
6. three-dimensional inter-embedding type ecological block retaining wall easy construction, quick, flexibly.Three-dimensional inter-embedding type ecological block stability of retaining wall is good.By laying reinforced geo-grid in the soil body after wall, soil pressure is born primarily of reinforced geo-grid, thus reduces soil pressure to the effect of retaining wall.Employing laid dry is constructed, and saves slurry material.
7. three-dimensional inter-embedding type ecological block retaining wall grouts than tradition or placed rockfill retaining walls health amasss little, and can reduce cuts into a mountain digs side's amount of stone, reduces engineering cost.Three-dimensional inter-embedding type ecological block retaining wall is widely used in, in the native slope protection works of gear such as highway, railway, dyke, having ecology and landscape function concurrently.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the embodiment of the present invention 1 building block top view used.
Fig. 2 is the embodiment of the present invention 1 building block lateral view used.
Fig. 3 is the embodiment of the present invention 1 building block assembling used schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 1 Retaining Walls of Hollow Concrete Blocks.
Fig. 5 is the embodiment of the present invention 2 building block top view used.
Fig. 6 is the embodiment of the present invention 2 building block lateral view used.
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 2 Retaining Walls of Hollow Concrete Blocks.
Fig. 8 is the embodiment of the present invention 3 building block top view used.
Fig. 9 is the embodiment of the present invention 3 building block lateral view used.
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 3 Retaining Walls of Hollow Concrete Blocks.
Figure 11 is the embodiment of the present invention 4 building block top view.
Figure 12 is the embodiment of the present invention 4 building block lateral view.
Figure 13 is the schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 4 Retaining Walls of Hollow Concrete Blocks.
Figure 14 is the retaining wall of the present invention prefabricated schematic diagram of building block used.
1 is building block; 2 is perforates; 3 is grooves; 4 is projections; 5 is before projection; 6 is after projection; 7 is before groove; 8 is after groove; 9 is before building block; 10 is after building block; 11 is groove corners; 12 is projection corners; 13 is building block left sides; 14 is building block right sides; 15 is retaining walls; 16 is banket; 17 is reinforced geo-grids.
Detailed description of the invention
In following examples, a represents the width of projection 4, and b to represent before groove the distance of before 7 to building block 9, and c to represent after groove the distance of after 8 to building block 10, and h represents the height of building block.
By reference to the accompanying drawings inter-embedding type ecological block retaining wall and construction method thereof are described further.
Embodiment 1: a kind of Retaining Walls of Hollow Concrete Blocks and construction method thereof
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the building block 1 that a kind of Retaining Walls of Hollow Concrete Blocks that the present embodiment provides is used, to comprise before the building block that is parallel to each other after 9 and building block 10, there is perforate 2 at the middle part of building block 1, at the groove 3 that building block 1 top has; Before groove 7 with after groove 8 respectively with before above-mentioned building block 9 with building block after 10 parallel; Projection 4 is provided with, the dimensional fits of groove 3 and projection 4 at building block 1 bottom position; Projection 4 is positioned at building block 1 bottom center, before the width of projection 4, projection before 5 to building block after 9 distances, projection after 6 to building block 10 distances all equal; Groove corner 11 and projection corner 12 are arc; Above-mentioned perforate 2 is arc limit square hole, and the left side of perforate 2 and the right side are cambered surface; The building block left side 13 and the building block right side 14 are arcwall face.In the present embodiment, a=100mm, b=140.3mm, c=59.7mm, h=150mm, b/c=2.35, the line at above-mentioned groove 3 center and projection 4 center and the angle of vertical direction are 15 °.
The method of above-mentioned inter-embedding type ecological block construction retaining wall, for eleventh floor building block.
Shown in accompanying drawing 3 and Fig. 4, in order to reach the object becoming inclination angle, due to b/c ≠ 1, thus the retaining wall at different metope inclination angle can be constructed into.
First first floor four pieces of A, B, C, D building blocks are positioned on basis, then second layer A ', B ', C ' building block 1 are positioned on first floor A, B, C, D building block.During placement, the A ' building block 1 bottom right side projection 4 of the second layer is embedded in the groove 3 of end face on the left of first floor B building block completely; Again B ' building block 1 bottom right side the projection 4 of the second layer is embedded in the groove 3 of end face on the left of first floor C building block completely; Finally C ' building block 1 bottom right side the projection 4 of the second layer is embedded in the groove 3 of end face on the left of first floor D building block completely, finally carry out fill construction, so far complete first floor fill construction.After first floor fill construction terminates, in second layer A ', B ', C ' building block ... on place third layer, the 4th layer of building block; Between third layer, the 4th layer of building block, lay geo-grid 17, reinforced geo-grid 17 should extend into from two-layer building block division surface and build wall locations by laying bricks or stones, to increase snap-in force between aspect reinforced geo-grid 17 being pressed into concave-convex clutch.The rest may be inferred, until fill construction is to design height.As shown in Figure 4, wall face inclination angle is 15 ° to obtained retaining wall.
Embodiment 2: a kind of Retaining Walls of Hollow Concrete Blocks and construction method thereof
As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, the building block 1 that a kind of Retaining Walls of Hollow Concrete Blocks that the present embodiment provides is used, to comprise before the building block that is parallel to each other after 9 and building block 10, there is perforate 2 at the middle part of building block 1, at the groove 3 that building block 1 top has; Before groove 7 with after groove 8 respectively with before above-mentioned building block 9 with building block after 10 parallel; Projection 4 is provided with, the dimensional fits of groove 3 and projection 4 at building block 1 bottom position; Projection 4 is positioned at building block 1 bottom center, before the width of projection 4, projection before 5 to building block after 9 distances, projection after 6 to building block 10 distances all equal; Groove corner 11 and projection corner 12 are arc; Above-mentioned perforate 2 is arc limit square hole, and the left side of perforate 2 and the right side are cambered surface; The building block left side 13 and the building block right side 14 are arcwall face.In the present embodiment, a=100mm, b=130mm, c=70mm, h=150mm, b/c=1.86, the line at above-mentioned groove 3 center and projection 4 center and the angle of vertical direction are 11.3 °.
Adopt the method for above-mentioned inter-embedding type ecological block construction retaining wall, for eleventh floor building block.
Shown in accompanying drawing 7, in order to reach the object becoming inclination angle, due to b/c ≠ 1, thus the retaining wall at different metope inclination angle can be constructed into.When building by laying bricks or stones, first first floor building block is positioned on basis, when then second layer building block being positioned in first floor building block, mainly the projection 4 bottom second layer building block is embedded in the groove 3 of first floor building block completely, then banket after barricade, complete the construction of first floor.According to second layer construction method, carry out third layer, the 4th layer ... construction; Reinforced geo-grid 17 is laid between third layer, the 4th layer of building block, when laying reinforced geo-grid 17, reinforced geo-grid 17 should extend into from two-layer building block division surface and build wall locations by laying bricks or stones, to increase snap-in force between aspect reinforced geo-grid 17 being pressed into concave-convex clutch.The rest may be inferred, until fill construction is to design height.The wall face inclination angle of obtained retaining wall is 11.3 °.
Embodiment 3: a kind of Retaining Walls of Hollow Concrete Blocks and construction method thereof
Shown in Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, the building block 1 that a kind of Retaining Walls of Hollow Concrete Blocks that the present embodiment provides is used, to comprise before the building block that is parallel to each other after 9 and building block 10, there is perforate 2 at the middle part of building block 1, at the groove 3 that building block 1 top has; Before groove 7 with after groove 8 respectively with before above-mentioned building block 9 with building block after 10 parallel; Projection 4 is provided with, the dimensional fits of groove 3 and projection 4 at building block 1 bottom position; Projection 4 is positioned at building block 1 bottom center, before the width of projection 4, projection before 5 to building block after 9 distances, projection after 6 to building block 10 distances all equal; Groove corner 11 and projection corner 12 are arc; Above-mentioned perforate 2 is arc limit square hole, and the left side of perforate 2 and the right side are cambered surface; The building block left side 13 and the building block right side 14 are arcwall face.In the present embodiment, a=100mm, b=120mm, c=80mm, h=150mm, b/c=1.5, the line at above-mentioned groove 3 center and projection 4 center and the angle of vertical direction are 7.6 °.
Adopt the method for above-mentioned inter-embedding type ecological block construction retaining wall, for eleventh floor building block.
Shown in accompanying drawing 10, in order to reach the object becoming inclination angle, due to b/c ≠ 1, thus the retaining wall at different metope inclination angle can be constructed into.When building by laying bricks or stones, first first floor building block is positioned on basis, when then second layer building block being positioned in first floor building block, mainly the projection 4 bottom second layer building block is embedded in the groove 3 of first floor building block completely, then banket after barricade, complete the construction of first floor.According to second layer construction method, carry out third layer, the 4th layer ... construction; Reinforced geo-grid 17 is laid between third layer, the 4th layer of building block, when laying reinforced geo-grid 17, reinforced geo-grid 17 should extend into from two-layer building block division surface and build wall locations by laying bricks or stones, to increase snap-in force between aspect reinforced geo-grid 17 being pressed into concave-convex clutch.The rest may be inferred, until fill construction is to design height, the wall face inclination angle of obtained retaining wall is 7.6 °.
Embodiment 4: a kind of Retaining Walls of Hollow Concrete Blocks and construction method thereof
As is illustrated by figs. 11 and 12, the building block 1 that a kind of Retaining Walls of Hollow Concrete Blocks that the present embodiment provides is used, to comprise before the building block that is parallel to each other after 9 and building block 10, there is perforate 2 at the middle part of building block 1, at the groove 3 that building block 1 top has; Before groove 7 with after groove 8 respectively with before building block 9 with building block after 10 parallel; Projection 4 is provided with, the dimensional fits of groove 3 and projection 4 at building block 1 bottom position; Projection 4 is positioned at building block 1 bottom center, before the width of projection 4, projection before 5 to building block after 9 distances, projection after 6 to building block 10 distances all equal; As building block size a=b=c, the line at groove 3 center and projection 4 center and the angle of vertical direction are 0 °.
Adopt the method for above-mentioned inter-embedding type ecological block construction retaining wall, for eleventh floor building block.
Shown in accompanying drawing 13, as building block size a=b=c, can alien invasion be built into by laying bricks or stones vertical form.When building by laying bricks or stones, first first floor building block is positioned on basis, when then second layer building block being positioned in first floor building block, mainly the projection 4 bottom second layer building block is embedded in the groove 3 of first floor building block completely, then banket after barricade, complete the construction of first floor.According to second layer construction method, carry out third layer, the 4th layer ... construction; Reinforced geo-grid 17 is laid between third layer, the 4th layer of building block, when laying reinforced geo-grid 17, reinforced geo-grid 17 should extend into from two-layer building block division surface and build wall locations by laying bricks or stones, to increase snap-in force between aspect reinforced geo-grid 17 being pressed into concave-convex clutch.The rest may be inferred, until fill construction is to design height, the wall face inclination angle of obtained retaining wall is 0 °.
The prefabricated schematic diagram of the building block that embodiment 5 inter-embedding type provided by the invention ecological block retaining wall uses
As Figure 14, the prefabrication process of building block 1 is as follows: insert in ready made mould by the C25 fine concrete be stirred, building block is released by compacting that machine vibrates to the density that meets the requirements from mould, form the building block form with perforate 2 and groove 3 and projection 4 as shown in Figure 14, then by the I ' line in accompanying drawing 14, building block splitting is formed the building block form being directly used in site operation with splitting machine.This cleaving process to make before building block after 9 and building block 10 to form coarse granite face form, makes building block soil-baffling structure have good landscape effect.
Claims (1)
1. an inter-embedding type ecological block retaining wall, it is characterized in that: by two-layer above inter-embedding type ecological block laterally side by side and upwards stackingly to form, described inter-embedding type ecological block to have before the building block that is parallel to each other after (9) and building block (10), there is perforate (2) at the middle part of building block (1), has groove (3) at block tops; Before groove, (7) and (8) after groove are parallel with (10) after (9) before described building block and building block respectively; Projection (4) is provided with, the dimensional fits of groove (3) and projection (4) at building block bottom position; The line at described groove (3) center and projection (4) center and the angle of vertical direction are 0 ° ~ 15 °; The building block left side (13) and the building block right side (14) are arcwall face; Groove corner (11) in described building block and/or projection corner (12) are arc; Before the projection of described inter-embedding type ecological block, after the distance of (5) and (9) before building block, projection, the width of the distance of (6) and (10) after building block, projection (4) is equal; Groove corner (11) in described building block and/or projection corner (12) are arc; Perforate (2) in described building block is arc limit square hole, and the face, left and right of perforate (2) is cambered surface; At least comprise one deck reinforced geo-grid (17), described reinforced geo-grid (17) one end is clipped in two-layer building block division surface and stretches out the wall front of retaining wall (15), and the other end stretches out the wall back side of retaining wall (15); The construction method of described inter-embedding type ecological block retaining wall comprises the steps: that building block is placed on construction basis by a., as first floor; B. in the building block of described first floor, place building block, as the second layer, the projection (4) bottom the building block of the second layer is embedded in the groove (3) of first floor building block completely; C. step b is repeated, by retaining wall (15) construction to design height; Also be included in described step b in adjacent two layers building block, lay reinforced geo-grid (17), reinforced geo-grid (17) one end is clipped in two-layer building block division surface and stretches out in the wall front of retaining wall (15), and the other end stretches out the wall back side of retaining wall (15).
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006070689A (en) * | 2004-09-02 | 2006-03-16 | Hee Jung Moon | Construction method of retaining wall block structure |
| CN1752354A (en) * | 2005-10-31 | 2006-03-29 | 程卫国 | Methd for building retaining wall and retaining block therefor |
| KR100676375B1 (en) * | 2006-06-09 | 2007-01-30 | 대영산업(주) | Retaining wall construction method used by building block |
| CN101122154A (en) * | 2007-08-31 | 2008-02-13 | 何荣灿 | Positioning embedded bricklaying |
| CN101372833A (en) * | 2008-09-10 | 2009-02-25 | 程卫国 | Soil block and method for building retaining wall using the same |
| CN201411813Y (en) * | 2009-06-22 | 2010-02-24 | 邓长龙 | Segmental retaining wall block |
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