CN102676228A - Dry powder gasification furnace - Google Patents

Dry powder gasification furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102676228A
CN102676228A CN2012101395288A CN201210139528A CN102676228A CN 102676228 A CN102676228 A CN 102676228A CN 2012101395288 A CN2012101395288 A CN 2012101395288A CN 201210139528 A CN201210139528 A CN 201210139528A CN 102676228 A CN102676228 A CN 102676228A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
oxygen
dry powder
nozzle
sidepiece
vapourizing furnace
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Pending
Application number
CN2012101395288A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
孙永才
张建胜
张滋生
马宏波
周怀祖
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BEIJING YINGDE QINGDA Tech CO Ltd
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BEIJING YINGDE QINGDA Tech CO Ltd
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Priority to CN2012101395288A priority Critical patent/CN102676228A/en
Publication of CN102676228A publication Critical patent/CN102676228A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Abstract

The invention discloses a dry powder gasification furnace which comprises a furnace body, a top nozzle and a side nozzle, wherein the furnace body is internally provided with a vaporizing chamber; the top nozzle is arranged at the top of the furnace body, and is used for injecting pulverized coal, oxygen, steam and fuel gas into the vaporizing chamber from the top of the vaporizing chamber; the top nozzle is internally provided with an ignition rod; and the side nozzle is arranged at the side of the furnace body, and is used for injecting pulverized coal, oxygen and steam into the vaporizing chamber from the side of the vaporizing chamber. According to the dry powder gasification furnace, the carbon conversion rate is higher than 99%, and the decomposition rate of water vapor is higher than 80%; therefore, the dry powder gasification furnace has remarkable gasification efficiency and can be widely applied to the field of the existing coal gasification technology.

Description

The dry powder vapourizing furnace
Technical field
The present invention relates to Coal Gasification Technology, especially relate to a kind of dry powder vapourizing furnace.
Background technology
The vapourizing furnace of traditional multi-nozzle structure has two types: one type is to be provided with four to spraying nozzle in the bottom of the straight length of vapourizing furnace, and gas is up, lime-ash is descending, and another kind of type is that the top from the straight length of vapourizing furnace is provided with four to spraying nozzle.But the problem that exists in above-mentioned traditional vapourizing furnace is prone to cinder notch when being the coal fluctuation and stops up.And the body of heater of traditional vapourizing furnace is a firebrick structure, and coal adaptability is poor, the coal of the high ash melting point that can not gasify, and gas is descending, lime-ash is descending along the furnace wall, but when coal fluctuates, also is prone to cinder notch and stops up.In addition, the gasification efficiency of traditional vapourizing furnace is low, and the rate of decomposition of efficiency of carbon conversion and water vapour is low.
Summary of the invention
The present invention one of is intended to solve the problems of the technologies described above at least to a certain extent or provides a kind of useful commerce to select at least.For this reason, one object of the present invention is to propose a kind of dry powder vapourizing furnace, and the gasification efficiency of said dry powder vapourizing furnace and efficiency of carbon conversion are high.
Dry powder vapourizing furnace according to the embodiment of the invention comprises: body of heater has vaporizer in the said body of heater; Top jet nozzle, said top jet nozzle is located at the top of said body of heater, and said top jet nozzle is used in said vaporizer, spraying fine coal, oxygen, steam or fuel gas and oxygen from the top of said vaporizer, is provided with priming bar in the said top jet nozzle; With the sidepiece nozzle, said sidepiece nozzle is located at the sidepiece of said body of heater, is used in said vaporizer, spraying fine coal, oxygen and steam from the sidepiece of said vaporizer.
According to the dry powder vapourizing furnace of the embodiment of the invention, top jet nozzle is set and the sidepiece nozzle is set through top at the sidepiece of body of heater at body of heater, constituted the mixed jet mould formula of top spray plus side spray; Improved the percussion flow in the vaporizer thus; Atomizing and disperse that fluid behavior that is produced by percussion flow and flow field structure help fine coal have strengthened the mixed effect of fine coal and oxygen, steam, have improved the caloic transfer rate; Prolonged the mean residence time of pulverized coal particle; Thereby improved the transformation efficiency of powder carbon content in coal greatly, reduced the combustible content in the lime-ash, increased the rate of decomposition of the gas forming amount of unit mass fine coal, effective pneumatolytic branch and steam.
According to the dry powder vapourizing furnace of the embodiment of the invention, the transformation efficiency of charcoal can reach more than 99%, and the rate of decomposition of water vapour can have significant gasification efficiency up to more than 80%, can be widely used in the existing Coal Gasification Technology field.
In addition, the dry powder vapourizing furnace according to the embodiment of the invention also has following additional technical feature:
In one embodiment of the invention; Said top jet nozzle has multilayer first sleeve structure; Said multilayer first sleeve structure limits the first Pulverized coal injecting passage that is used to spray said fine coal, is used to spray first oxygen and the vapo(u)r blasting passage of said oxygen and steam and the jet channel that is used for burner oil gas/carbonic acid gas.
In one embodiment of the invention, said dry powder vapourizing furnace also comprises first mixing tank, and said first mixing tank links to each other with said top jet nozzle, is used for supplying to said first oxygen and vapo(u)r blasting passage after said oxygen and the steam.Thus, before getting into the dry powder vapourizing furnace, oxygen and steam thorough mixing are even; Behind the vaporizer that feeds the dry powder vapourizing furnace can with the abundant contact reacts of fine coal; Improve the caloic transfer rate, prolonged the mean residence time of pulverized coal particle, thereby significantly improved efficiency of carbon conversion.
In one embodiment of the invention, said first oxygen and vapo(u)r blasting passage also are used for spraying the oxygen that goes into operation.
In one embodiment of the invention; Said sidepiece nozzle has multilayer second sleeve structure; Said multilayer second sleeve structure limits the second Pulverized coal injecting passage that is used to spray said fine coal, is used to spray second oxygen and the vapo(u)r blasting passage of said oxygen and steam.
In one embodiment of the invention, said dry powder vapourizing furnace also comprises second mixing tank, and said second mixing tank links to each other with said sidepiece nozzle, is used for supplying to said second oxygen and vapo(u)r blasting passage after said oxygen and the steam.
Thus; Top and sidepiece through at body of heater are provided with top jet nozzle and sidepiece nozzle respectively, have improved the percussion flow in the vaporizer greatly, thereby have strengthened the mixed effect of fine coal and vaporized chemical; Effectively reduce the content of combustiblematerials in the lime-ash, improve the rate of decomposition of efficiency of carbon conversion and water vapor.
In one embodiment of the invention, said sidepiece nozzle is a plurality of, and said a plurality of sidepiece nozzles are provided with along the circumferential interval of said body of heater, and saidly how rightly is divided into from a plurality of sidepiece nozzles, and every counter-lateral quadrents nozzle in the footpath of said body of heater upwards against each other.Many counter-lateral quadrentses nozzle adopts can also further improve the mixed effect of fine coal and vaporized chemical along the mode of body of heater radial symmetry setting, thereby improves the production capacity efficient of dry powder vapourizing furnace to greatest extent, improves the quality of output makings.In addition, through a plurality of sidepiece nozzles are set, thereby but make dry powder vapourizing furnace operational load have very strong amplitude modulation ability, improve the throughput of single stove greatly.
In one embodiment of the invention, said body of heater comprises furnace shell and the water wall that is located in the said furnace shell, and said water wall is a membrane wall.When dry powder vapourizing furnace works better, the water wall inwall can form the flux shielding layer thus, and this layer resist can protect water wall not weather; Avoid Yin Gaowen, slag corrosion and start-stop car to produce stress and the destruction of water wall has been caused the dry powder vapourizing furnace can't long-play, improved production efficiency, simultaneously; The dry powder vapourizing furnace adopts this water wall structure can also improve the flexibility to coal greatly; The coal of gasifiable high ash melting point, and in gasification, gas is descending, lime-ash is descending along the center of vaporizer; When coal fluctuates; The situation that the slag notch of vaporizer bottom also can not occur stopping up, thus the practicality and the working efficiency of dry powder vapourizing furnace improved greatly, avoiding frequent the parking to clean out cinder notch.
Dry powder vapourizing furnace according to the embodiment of the invention; Have following four advantages: 1) mix the spray structure through the multi-nozzle that adopts the spray of top spray plus side; Strengthened the mixed effect of interior fine coal of vaporizer and vaporized chemical, the caloic transfer rate is high, effectively reduces the content of combustiblematerials in the lime-ash; 2) rate of decomposition of the gas forming amount of unit mass fine coal, effective pneumatolytic branch and steam is high, and wherein efficiency of carbon conversion is up to more than 99%, and the rate of decomposition of water vapour is up to more than 80%; 3) body of heater adopts water wall structure, and coal adaptability is strong, and when coal fluctuateed, slag notch can not stop up yet; 4) stable, safety is high, and is simple in structure, and production capacity is high, therefore has the wider scope of application.
Additional aspect of the present invention and advantage part in the following description provide, and part will become obviously from the following description, or recognize through practice of the present invention.
Description of drawings
Above-mentioned and/or additional aspect of the present invention and advantage obviously with are easily understood becoming the description of embodiment from combining figs, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation according to the dry powder vapourizing furnace of the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Describe embodiments of the invention below in detail, the example of said embodiment is shown in the drawings, and wherein identical from start to finish or similar label is represented identical or similar elements or the element with identical or similar functions.Be exemplary through the embodiment that is described with reference to the drawings below, be intended to be used to explain the present invention, and can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
In description of the invention; It will be appreciated that; The orientation of indications such as term " " center ", " vertically ", " laterally ", " length ", " width ", " thickness ", " on ", D score, " preceding ", " back ", " left side ", " right side ", " vertically ", " level ", " top ", " end " " interior ", " clockwise ", " counterclockwise " or position relation are for based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relation; only be to describe with simplifying for the ease of describing the present invention; rather than the device or the element of indication or hint indication must have specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
In addition, term " first ", " second " only are used to describe purpose, and can not be interpreted as indication or hint relative importance or the implicit quantity that indicates indicated technical characterictic.Thus, one or more a plurality of these characteristics can be shown or impliedly comprised to the characteristic that is limited with " first ", " second " clearly.In description of the invention, except as otherwise noted, the implication of " a plurality of " is two or more.
In the present invention, only if clear and definite regulation and qualification are arranged in addition, broad understanding should be done in terms such as term " installation ", " linking to each other ", " connection ", " fixing ", for example, can be to be fixedly connected, and also can be to removably connect, or connect integratedly; Can be mechanical connection, also can be to be electrically connected; Can be directly to link to each other, also can link to each other indirectly through intermediary, can be the connection of two element internals.For those of ordinary skill in the art, can understand above-mentioned term concrete implication in the present invention as the case may be.
In the present invention; Only if clear and definite regulation and qualification are arranged in addition; First characteristic second characteristic it " on " or D score can comprise that first and second characteristics directly contact, can comprise that also first and second characteristics are not directly contacts but through the contact of the additional features between them.And, first characteristic second characteristic " on ", " top " and " above " comprise first characteristic directly over second characteristic and oblique upper, or only represent that the first characteristic level height is higher than second characteristic.First characteristic second characteristic " under ", " below " and " below " comprise first characteristic directly over second characteristic and oblique upper, or only represent that the first characteristic level height is less than second characteristic.
The dry powder vapourizing furnace of describing according to the embodiment of the invention with reference to figure 1 below 100.
Dry powder vapourizing furnace 100 according to the embodiment of the invention is used for coal gasifying process, realizes the pressurized gasification to fine coal (coal, coking coal).
According to the dry powder vapourizing furnace 100 of the embodiment of the invention, comprise body of heater 1, top jet nozzle 2 and sidepiece nozzle 3.
Have vaporizer 11 in the body of heater 1, fine coal will be accomplished gasifying process in vaporizer 11.Top jet nozzle 2 is located at the top of body of heater 1, and top jet nozzle 2 is used in vaporizer 11, spraying fine coal, oxygen, steam and fuel gas from the top of vaporizer 11, wherein is provided with the ignition operation that priming bar 21 is used to accomplish dry powder vapourizing furnace 100 in the top jet nozzle 2.Sidepiece nozzle 3 is located at the sidepiece of body of heater 1, is used in vaporizer 11, spraying fine coal, oxygen and steam from the sidepiece of vaporizer 11.
According to the dry powder vapourizing furnace 100 of the embodiment of the invention, top jet nozzle 2 is set and sidepiece nozzle 3 is set through top at the sidepiece of body of heater 1 at body of heater 1, constituted the mixed jet mould formula of top spray plus side spray; Improved the percussion flow in the vaporizer 11 thus; Atomizing and disperse that fluid behavior that is produced by percussion flow and flow field structure help fine coal have strengthened the mixed effect of fine coal and oxygen, steam, have improved the caloic transfer rate; Prolonged the mean residence time of pulverized coal particle; Thereby improved the transformation efficiency of carbon in the fine coal greatly, reduced the combustible content in the lime-ash, increased the rate of decomposition of the gas forming amount of unit mass fine coal, effective pneumatolytic branch and steam.
According to the dry powder vapourizing furnace 100 of the embodiment of the invention, the transformation efficiency of charcoal can reach more than 99%, and the rate of decomposition of water vapour can have significant gasification efficiency up to more than 80%, can be widely used in the existing Coal Gasification Technology field.
In one embodiment of the invention; Top jet nozzle 2 has multilayer first sleeve structure; Multilayer first sleeve structure limits the first Pulverized coal injecting passage 22 that is used to spray fine coal; Be used for first oxygen and the vapo(u)r blasting passage 23 of injection of oxygen and steam and the jet channel 24 that is used for burner oil gas/carbonic acid gas, as shown in Figure 1.Need to prove that wherein the A among Fig. 1 representes fine coal, B representes oxygen, and C representes steam, and D representes fuel gas, and E representes the oxygen that goes into operation.It is understandable that; The structure of burner and principle of work etc. are known for prior art and by the one of ordinary skilled in the art; Therefore the burner of foregoing description only carries out simple declaration with a kind of structure wherein as one embodiment of the present of invention; Burner for other structure in the prior art is equally applicable to enumerate no longer one by one here on the dry powder vapourizing furnace 100 of the present invention.
First oxygen and vapo(u)r blasting passage 23 are used for injection of oxygen and steam in dry powder vapourizing furnace 100; Here oxygen should be made broad understanding; For example can be purity oxygen, can certainly be oxygen enrichment or air, and steam is water vapour; Wherein water vapour can be used as vaporized chemical and reacts with fine coal, thereby can improve reaction efficiency and efficiency of carbon conversion.First oxygen and vapo(u)r blasting passage 23 also can be used for spraying the go into operation operation of oxygen with completion top jet nozzle 2 that go into operation.Jet channel 24 is used in top jet nozzle 2 burner oil gas to accomplish the ignition operation of top jet nozzle 2, and fuel gas can be Sweet natural gas or other inflammable gas.Jet channel 24 is used for burner oil gas/carbonic acid gas, be appreciated that for: when going into operation, jet channel 24 is burner oil gas in body of heater, when the dry powder gasifier to start working normally moves, jet channel 24 can be in body of heater sparging carbon dioxide.
For making oxygen and the steam thorough mixing in first oxygen and the vapo(u)r blasting passage 23; Dry powder vapourizing furnace 100 comprises also that first mixing tank, 4, the first mixing tanks 4 link to each other with top jet nozzle 2 and is used for supplying with first oxygen and vapo(u)r blasting passage 23 after oxygen and the steam.Thus, before getting into dry powder vapourizing furnace 100, oxygen and steam thorough mixing are even; Behind the vaporizer 11 that feeds dry powder vapourizing furnace 100 can with the abundant contact reacts of fine coal; Improve the caloic transfer rate, prolonged the mean residence time of pulverized coal particle, thereby significantly improved efficiency of carbon conversion.
As shown in Figure 1, sidepiece nozzle 3 has multilayer second sleeve structure, and multilayer second sleeve structure limits the second Pulverized coal injecting passage that is used to spray fine coal, is used for second oxygen and the vapo(u)r blasting passage of injection of oxygen and steam.Wherein for making oxygen and the steam thorough mixing in second oxygen and the vapo(u)r blasting passage; Dry powder vapourizing furnace 100 also comprises second mixing tank 5; Second mixing tank 5 links to each other with sidepiece nozzle 3, is used for offering second oxygen and vapo(u)r blasting passage after oxygen and the steam.
Like this; Top and sidepiece through at body of heater 1 are provided with top jet nozzle 2 and sidepiece nozzle 3 respectively, have improved the percussion flow in the vaporizer 11 greatly, thereby have strengthened the mixed effect of fine coal and vaporized chemical; Effectively reduce the content of combustiblematerials in the lime-ash, improve the rate of decomposition of efficiency of carbon conversion and water vapour.
Wherein in order to reduce cost, improve the practicality of dry powder vapourizing furnace 100, preferably, top jet nozzle 2 can adopt same nozzle arrangements with sidepiece nozzle 3.
Further, sidepiece nozzle 3 can be a plurality of, and a plurality of sidepiece nozzles 3 are provided with along the circumferential interval of body of heater 1, and how right a plurality of sidepiece nozzle 3 be divided into, and every counter-lateral quadrents nozzle 3 in the footpath of body of heater 1 upwards against each other, and is as shown in Figure 1.In other words; The those of ordinary skill of affiliated technical field can be according to practical condition; For example can come to be provided with flexibly the number of sidepiece nozzle 3 according to factors such as the actual day production capacity demand of dry powder vapourizing furnace 100, gasification efficiency, efficiency of carbon conversion, i.e. the quantity of the sidepiece nozzle 3 that setting and actual condition or processing requirement are suitable is to reach production needs or processing requirement.Many counter-lateral quadrentses nozzle 3 adopts and can also further improve the mixed effect of fine coal and vaporized chemical along the mode of body of heater 1 radial symmetry setting, thereby improves the production capacity efficient of dry powder vapourizing furnace 100 to greatest extent, improves the quality of output makings.In addition, through a plurality of sidepiece nozzles 3 are set, thereby but make dry powder vapourizing furnace 100 operational loads have very strong amplitude modulation ability, improve the throughput of single stove greatly.
Advantageously, body of heater 1 comprises furnace shell 12 and the water wall 13 that is located in the furnace shell 12, and water wall 13 is a membrane wall.When dry powder vapourizing furnace 100 works better, water wall 13 inwalls can form the flux shielding layer thus, and this layer resist can protect water wall 13 not weather; Avoid Yin Gaowen, slag corrosion and start-stop car to produce stress and the destruction of water wall 13 has been caused dry powder vapourizing furnace 100 can't long-play, improved production efficiency, simultaneously; Dry powder vapourizing furnace 100 adopts this water wall structure can also improve the flexibility to coal greatly; The coal of gasifiable high ash melting point, and in gasification, gas is descending, lime-ash is descending along the center of vaporizer 11; When coal fluctuates; The situation that the slag notch of vaporizer 11 bottoms also can not occur stopping up, thus the practicality and the working efficiency of dry powder vapourizing furnace 100 improved greatly, avoiding frequent the parking to clean out cinder notch.
Dry powder vapourizing furnace 100 according to the embodiment of the invention; Have following four advantages: 1) mix the spray structure through the multi-nozzle that adopts the spray of top spray plus side; Strengthened the mixed effect of interior fine coal of vaporizer and vaporized chemical, the caloic transfer rate is high, effectively reduces the content of combustiblematerials in the lime-ash; 2) rate of decomposition of the gas forming amount of unit mass fine coal, effective pneumatolytic branch and steam is high, and wherein efficiency of carbon conversion is up to more than 99%, and the rate of decomposition of water vapour is up to more than 80%; 3) body of heater 1 adopts water wall structure, and coal adaptability is strong, and when coal fluctuateed, slag notch can not stop up yet; 4) stable, safety is high, and is simple in structure, and production capacity is high, therefore has the wider scope of application.
In the description of this specification sheets, the description of reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiment ", " example ", " concrete example " or " some examples " etc. means the concrete characteristic, structure, material or the characteristics that combine this embodiment or example to describe and is contained at least one embodiment of the present invention or the example.In this manual, the schematic statement to above-mentioned term not necessarily refers to identical embodiment or example.And concrete characteristic, structure, material or the characteristics of description can combine with suitable manner in any one or more embodiment or example.
Although illustrated and described embodiments of the invention above; It is understandable that; The foregoing description is exemplary; Can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art can change the foregoing description under the situation that does not break away from principle of the present invention and aim within the scope of the invention, modification, replacement and modification.

Claims (8)

1. a dry powder vapourizing furnace is characterized in that, comprising:
Body of heater has vaporizer in the said body of heater;
Top jet nozzle, said top jet nozzle is located at the top of said body of heater, and said top jet nozzle is used in said vaporizer, spraying fine coal, oxygen, steam or fuel gas and oxygen from the top of said vaporizer, is provided with priming bar in the said top jet nozzle;
The sidepiece nozzle, said sidepiece nozzle is located at the sidepiece of said body of heater, is used in said vaporizer, spraying fine coal, oxygen and steam from the sidepiece of said vaporizer.
2. dry powder vapourizing furnace according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Said top jet nozzle has multilayer first sleeve structure; Said multilayer first sleeve structure limits the first Pulverized coal injecting passage that is used to spray said fine coal, is used to spray first oxygen and the vapo(u)r blasting passage of said oxygen and steam and the jet channel that is used for burner oil gas/carbonic acid gas.
3. dry powder vapourizing furnace according to claim 2 is characterized in that, also comprises first mixing tank, and said first mixing tank links to each other with said top jet nozzle, is used for supplying to said first oxygen and vapo(u)r blasting passage after said oxygen and the steam.
4. dry powder vapourizing furnace according to claim 3 is characterized in that, said first oxygen and vapo(u)r blasting passage also are used for spraying the oxygen that goes into operation.
5. dry powder vapourizing furnace according to claim 1; It is characterized in that; Said sidepiece nozzle has multilayer second sleeve structure; Said multilayer second sleeve structure limits the second Pulverized coal injecting passage that is used to spray said fine coal, is used to spray second oxygen and the vapo(u)r blasting passage of said oxygen and steam.
6. dry powder vapourizing furnace according to claim 5 is characterized in that, also comprises second mixing tank, and said second mixing tank links to each other with said sidepiece nozzle, is used for supplying to said second oxygen and vapo(u)r blasting passage after said oxygen and the steam.
7. according to each described dry powder vapourizing furnace among the claim 1-6; It is characterized in that; Said sidepiece nozzle is a plurality of; Said a plurality of sidepiece nozzles are provided with along the circumferential interval of said body of heater, and saidly how rightly are divided into from a plurality of sidepiece nozzles, and every counter-lateral quadrents nozzle in the footpath of said body of heater upwards against each other.
8. dry powder vapourizing furnace according to claim 1 is characterized in that, said body of heater comprises furnace shell and the water wall that is located in the said furnace shell, and said water wall is a membrane wall.
CN2012101395288A 2012-05-07 2012-05-07 Dry powder gasification furnace Pending CN102676228A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103387851A (en) * 2013-06-25 2013-11-13 上海鑫兴化工科技有限公司 Waste heat boiler-type gasifier

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101003755A (en) * 2006-01-19 2007-07-25 神华集团有限责任公司 Gasification stove with multi nozzle, and gasification method
CN101788146A (en) * 2009-01-27 2010-07-28 西门子公司 Multi-lance combination burner

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101003755A (en) * 2006-01-19 2007-07-25 神华集团有限责任公司 Gasification stove with multi nozzle, and gasification method
CN101788146A (en) * 2009-01-27 2010-07-28 西门子公司 Multi-lance combination burner

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103387851A (en) * 2013-06-25 2013-11-13 上海鑫兴化工科技有限公司 Waste heat boiler-type gasifier
CN103387851B (en) * 2013-06-25 2015-12-23 上海尧兴投资管理有限公司 Waste heat boiler-type gasifier

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Application publication date: 20120919