CN1026751C - Cigarette and smokable filler material therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

A smokable filler material includes an agglomerated matrix having an inorganic component (e.g., particles of calcium carbonate) and a carbonaceous component (e.g., alginates). The smokable filler material includes a binding agent and an aerosol forming material. Tobacco extracts and/or pieces of tobacco laminae can be incorporated into the smokable filler material, and/or the smokable filler material can be blended with tobacco cut filler. Cigarettes are provided by wrapping the smokable filler material in a paper wrapping material. A typical paper wrapping material has a porosity of less than about 5 CORESTA units.

Description

Cigarette and smokable filler material therefor

The present invention relates to cigarette products, relate in particular to a kind of cigarette, when it is burnt and sucked, produce lower imperfect combustion product, low effluent " tar " and smell, and can under FTC smoking condition, keep glowing.

Common tobacco product such as cigarette, has a cylindrical rod-like structure, comprises a volume smokable filler material therefor, such as pipe tobacco (that is, the tobacco of chopping), wraps in the cigarette paper, thereby forms so-called " but smoking bar ".Usually, cigarette has a cylinder shape filtering element, and it and tobacco rod end one end join and form a straight line.Generally, comprising the cellulose acetate tow that is wrapped in by liner (lining) in the filter element,, but the top of filter element and smoking bar are being joined with a kind of packet header material (filter element lapping).

Usually, but the smoker lights an end of cigarette the smoking bar is being burnt and smokes.Like this, cigarette is produced by the smokable material of lighting, and typical smokable material is a pipe tobacco.Then, the other end of smoker's smoking cigarette (as a, end of filter element) just have this moment main plume (as, the main plume of result of combustion of tobacco) enter his/her mouthful in.Like this, the happiness that the smoker obtains smoking (as, the flavour of cigarette, sensation, satisfaction and other pleasant sensations).

During cigarette burning, also produce sidestream smoke simultaneously.Sidestream smoke is meant the cigarette that directly enters atmosphere from the fire end of cigarette.Sidestream smoke is diffused in the atmosphere, and its gentle flavor of distinctive visible character is felt bad some people.The amount of the effluent " tar " that the relative quantity of the sidestream smoke that burning is produced during cigarette is produced when burning cigarette is relevant.The cigarette of typical commercially available burning pipe tobacco, the about 84mm(of its length as, tobacco rod is about 57mm, filter element is about 27mm), every cigarette produces about 25 to about 35mg effluent " tar " usually.Measure the equipment and the technology of the effluent " tar " of cigarette, can be referring to people's such as Proctor Analyst, Vol.113, P.1509(1988).

People have proposed many cigarette that only produce quite low visible sidestream smoke that it is said.For example authorize 4,637, No. 410 United States Patent (USP)s of Luke, and people such as Baker 4,624,268,4,407,308 of Baker, people's such as Cline 4,231,377,4,420,002 of Cline, 4,450 of Owe, 847,4,108,151 of Martin, 4 of Cline, 225,636,4,433,697 of Cline, people such as Mathews 4,461,311 and authorize 4,561, No. 454 United States Patent (USP)s etc. of Guess.

The method that many kinds change the mainstream smoke composition has been proposed in recent years.For example people have proposed many tobaccoes, have enumerated a lot of this substitutes in people's such as Rainer the U.S. Patent No. 4,079,742.In addition, the tobacco substitute material of commodity Cytrel by name and NSM has been introduced in Europe during the seventies.

A lot of lists of references have proposed to produce band goods fragrance and/or visible smog.Great majority utilize combustible fuels sources to produce smog in these goods, and/or heating smog forms material.At this, can be referring to the prior art of being quoted in No. 4,714,082, people's such as Banerjee the United States Patent (USP) as background of invention.

Authorize people's such as Banerjee No.4,714,082, people's such as Clearman No.4,756,318 and Sensabaugh, Jr. wait people's No.4, described some tobacco products in 793,365 United States Patent (USP)s, they needn't be lighted tobacco by heating and can give the pleasant sensation of smoking, and can not produce a lot of imperfect combustion products.These tobacco products produce heat with a combustible fuel elements, and smog formation material and fuel element leave certain distance but can heat exchange take place with it.During use, the heat that fuel element produces makes smog form the material volatilization, thereby obtains the smog of the cigarette of similar result of combustion of tobacco.This tobacco product produces few sidestream smoke and very low FTC " tar ".

People wish that a kind of delicious cigarette preferably can be arranged, the satisfaction of smoking can be provided, produce fewer main flow gas-phase product, produce fewer imperfect combustion product, under FTC smoking condition, can keep glowing, and produce less effluent " tar " thus produce less sidestream smoke.

The present invention relates to tobacco product, it contains the tobacco of the form and/or the finished form of chopping.Preferable cigarette type tobacco product has two elements: (ⅰ) volume smokable material, (ⅱ) outer covering material (as, cigarette paper) that is wrapped in this volume smokable material.Cigarette of the present invention contains smokable filler material therefor (hereinafter will describe in detail) at least as the part of smokable material.

But the lapping that is wrapped in a volume smokable material formation smoking all around bar preferably is the cigarette winding paper of low-permeable.High-quality cigarette paper has low gas permeability or porosity, and its porosity is less than 5CORESTA unit.1CORESTA unit is meant the linear velocity that sees through the long-pending air of 1 square centimeter of winding paper under 1 centibar constant voltage.Referring to CORESTA publication ISO/TC126/SCIN159E(1986).

A kind of form of smokable material is the smokable filler material therefor that contains tobacco.This smokable material of the present invention is closely mixed and is formed by following component, (ⅰ) tobacco (as, the tobacco leaf of chopping, broken offal, the tobacco leaf that grinds, the tobacco fine powder, offal, or tobacco extract, or the processing tobacco of other form), (ⅱ) Ning Ju matrix filler, it comprises the organic component and the inorganic component of tight contact.Best, the matrix filler of this cohesion is a kind of particle form.Organic component is the organic material that alginates or other provide water-fast substantially cohesion matrix filler around under environmental condition.Usually inorganic component is a calcium carbonate.This smokable filler material therefor comprises a kind of binding agent that contacts closely with cohesion matrix filler and tobacco.The effect of binding agent is that tobacco particle and cohesion matrix filler are kept together to form this smokable filler material therefor.This smokable filler material therefor that contains tobacco also comprise some closely flavouring agent of contact (as, cocoa, Radix Glycyrrhizae, organic acid, menthol, and the like thing) and/or smog form material (as, glycerine, propane diols and analog).This smokable filler material therefor that contains tobacco can perhaps be processed into " sheet " by paper technology, perhaps the form that becomes to extrude out from moisture slurry cast in flakes.The smokable filler material therefor that contains tobacco like this can be used for cigarette as smokable material separately, perhaps mixes such as pipe tobacco with other smokable material, or is used for cigarette jointly with other method and other smokable material.

The another kind of form of smokable filler material therefor of the present invention comprises a kind of cohesion matrix filler of tight mixing, and this cohesion matrix filler comprises the organic and inorganic component of close contact.Best, this cohesion matrix filler has the form of particle.Organic component is that alginates or other can be provided at the organic material of water-fast substantially inorganic cohesion filler under the ambient environmental conditions.Inorganic component is calcium carbonate normally.This smokable filler material therefor comprises a kind of binding agent that closely contacts with cohesion matrix filler.Like this, thus the effect of bonding agent is to keep the particle of cohesion matrix filler to form smokable filler material therefor together.This smokable filler material therefor also can comprise some flavouring agent that closely contacts with it and/or smog forms material.This smokable filler material therefor can perhaps be processed in flakes with paper technology, perhaps the form that becomes to extrude out from the aqueous slurry cast in flakes.This smokable filler material therefor can with the smokable material that contains tobacco and/or pipe tobacco mechanical mixture or otherwise with they common application.

Fig. 1 to 4 is profilographs of tobacco product of the present invention.

The preferred embodiment of cigarette of the present invention and smokable filler material therefor thereof as shown in Figure 1. Cigarette 10 comprises that one generally is columnar bar 15. Comprise in this bar and wrap at least the outer treated 25(of one deck such as, paper) in a volume smokable material 20. Bar 15 is hereinafter referred to as " but smoking bar " (" tobacco rod "). The both ends open of tobacco rod 15 exposes burned smokable material. Use time point burning smoke bar one end, smog (such as cigarette) is produced by the burning smokable material. Like this, tobacco rod draws out burning by its end of lighting to its opposite end.

Cigarette 10 also comprises a filter element 30, and its located just an end of tobacco rod 15, and filter element and tobacco rod are relation from beginning to end at same axis, preferably are being tight against each other. Filter element 30 has a columniform profile usually, its diameter basically with the equal diameters of tobacco rod. The two ends of filter element are openings, can allow air and cigarette pass through from it. Filter element has at least two to filter sections preferably. As shown in Figure 1, the first segment fillter section is positioned at and is right after the tobacco rod place, and, preferably comprise a kind of carbonaceous by lapping 37 windings and filter Material 35; And the second section fillter section is positioned at the mouth end of cigarette, and, preferably comprise a kind of filtering material 40, such as the non-short fiber of knitting polypropylene mesh thing or cellulose acetate that gathers together by lapping 45 windings. The filtering material 40 of second fillter section preferably a kind ofly can produce material aesthetic feeling, white appearance. Each fillter section is all manufactured equipment by known filtering rod. Two sections joint adopts known lining pipe joining technique, and with lapping 50 two sections is fixed together, thereby forms filter element.

Filter element 30 is connected on the tobacco rod 15 by packet header material (filter element lapping) 55 usually, and this material not only wraps up the filter element of whole length but also wrap the tobacco rod zone of adjoining. The inner surface of packet header material 55 is cemented on the outer surface of liner (lining) material 50 and tobacco rod lapping 25 with suitable binding agent. Cigarette 10 can be made with known production of cigarettes technology and equipment. In addition, also can make a kind of open pore or with the cigarette of Dilution air. It has the rare device of a kind of air, for example a series of holes that penetrate packet header material 55, liner (lining) lapping 50 and lapping 37. This air-vent can form at cigarette with known technology such as laser drilling.

Another preferred embodiment of cigarette of the present invention and smokable filler material therefor thereof as shown in Figure 2. This cigarette 10 is basically similar to the top cigarette of describing with reference to Fig. 1, and difference is the form that smokable material has adopted a kind of segmentation to mix, and is filling first paragraph smokable material 70 at the end (being that end that cigarette is lighted) of tobacco rod 15. The other end (that is, that adjacent end of tobacco rod and filter element) at tobacco rod 15 is second segment smokable material 75. Each Duan Jun represents (composition that is each section is different) with its composition. Two sections shapes join end to end in line; But in some the mutual mixing of two kinds of smokable materials of the zone of two sections connections. Length along two sections smokable materials of tobacco rod can be different. But the relative longitudinal length of first paragraph and second segment is usually between about 1: 1 to 2: 1, preferably about 1: 1. The manufacturing of this tobacco rod can be adopted the people's such as Wahle U.S. Patent No. 4,009,722 and the U.S. Patent No. 4,516 of Pinkhamt, the equipment described in 585.

To the cigarette of the preferred embodiment of class shown in Figure 2, first section 70 tobacco that contains a certain form usually.The tobacco of a kind of form like this comprise chopping smokable filler (as, tobacco leaf, finished tobacco-containing material, the smokable filler of volumetric expansion, the smokable filler of recasting, and the like thing and their mixture) and the mixture of it and other smokable material.Finished tobacco-containing material is people's such as people's such as Bernasek U.S. Patent No. 4,887,618 and Clapp No.4 for example, and 941, No. 484 described recasting tobacco-containing materials that remove deproteinize of United States Patent (USP) are quoted at this with for referencial use.Another example of finished tobacco-containing material is that the application number according to February 23 nineteen ninety application is the tobacco-containing material of 484,587 the described method processing of U.S. Patent application, and this patent is quoted at this as a reference.Preferable cigarette also has second section 75, and it contains the smokable material different with the overall composition of first section 70 smokable material or the mixture of multiple smokable material.At least contain a kind of smokable material of the present invention for first section 70 and/or second sections 75.

Another preferred embodiment of cigarette of the present invention as shown in Figure 3.This cigarette 10 basic with see figures.1.and.2 described similarly, be that its smokable material that comprises smokable filler material therefor of the present invention 20 is wrapped or is included in finished tobacco sheet 80 or other internal layer lapping.Normally with the tobacco sheet of paper technology processing recasting, smokable material 20 in this tobacco sheet winding of one deck individual layer to finished tobacco sheet 80.Next be wrapped in the finished tobacco sheet 80 smokable material 20 again by the outer covering material 25(of one deck individual layer as, cigarette paper) wrap up.

Another preferred embodiment of cigarette of the present invention as shown in Figure 4.This cigarette 10 is similar to reference Fig. 1,2,3 described cigarette basically, and just filter element comprises three sections.Fillter section 85 between first section filtering material 35 and filtering material 40 preferably is made up of a kind of particulate matter, as active carbon particle, and magnesium silicate granule, silica gel particle or suchlike thing.

The smokable material that is used to make tobacco rod can be different, preferably Qie Sui form of bio-carrier.With " chopping filler " speech of the relevant smokable material here, but mean and comprise smokable material with the form that is suitable for making cigarette smoking bar.Like this, shred the smokable material that filler can comprise the smokable material of mixing and can be used for making the form of cigarette.Smokable material uses with the form of fringe or fragment usually in cigarette is made.For example, the chopping filler can be to be used from the filament of flaky material or " band " shape material chopping or the form of fragment.This strip-shaped material is cut into width range at about 1/5 inch to 1/60 inch, is preferably in about about 1/25 to 1/35 inch.Generally, the fragment of gained or fringe length are at about 0.25 to 3 inch.The chopping filler also can be a kind of extrusion molding form (as, fragment that is crushed to or fringe) or the form of other machining.

The tobacco rod of cigarette of the present invention comprises smokable filler material therefor of the present invention.Smokable filler material therefor can be used with the form of chopping filler.

A preferable type of smokable filler material therefor of the present invention comprises a kind of cohesion matrix filler, and this cohesion matrix filler comprises a kind of organic component of close contact and the cohesion matrix of inorganic component.Open form becomes smokable filler material therefor to cohesion matrix filler with close mixing of binding agent again.This smokable filler material therefor preferably comprises at least a smog and forms material and/or at least a flavouring agent part as final mixture.If desired, can be mixed into other material of the composition that can change the smog that this smokable filler material therefor produces in this smokable filler material therefor.Cohesion matrix filler contains the inorganic component of 2 to the 90 parts of weight of having an appointment, the inorganic component of preferably about 5 to 20 parts of weight usually to the organic component of each part weight.This smokable filler material therefor contains usually has an appointment 60 to 90, the cohesion matrix filler of preferably about 65 to 85 percentage by weights; High to about 20, the binding agent of preferably about 2 to 10 percentage by weights; High to about 20, the smog of preferably about 3 to 15 percentage by weights forms material; And enough flavouring agents that can reach required aromatic property.If desired, can be mixed into carbonaceous material (as, the chemical cellulose of pyrolysis) in smokable filler material therefor, be benchmark with the gross dry weight of smokable filler material therefor, and its content is high to about 10 usually, reaches about 30 percentage by weights sometimes.But carbonaceous material is not the necessary component of smokable filler material therefor, and smokable filler material therefor can not comprise this carbonaceous material.This smokable filler material therefor is flammable, and can use (as mixing) in making cigarette of the present invention with other smokable material (as the pipe tobacco filler).

A preferable type that contains the smokable filler material therefor of tobacco of the present invention is the smokable filler material therefor that comprises cohesion matrix filler, this cohesion matrix filler is made up of the cohesion matrix of an organic component and an inorganic component, and this cohesion matrix filler mixes to constitute smokable filler material therefor closely with the tobacco and the binding agent of certain form again.As the part of final mixture, this smokable filler material therefor that contains tobacco preferably comprises at least a smog and forms material and/or at least a flavouring agent.If desired, can be mixed into other material of the composition of the cigarette that can change the smokable filler material therefor generation in the smokable filler material therefor.Common organic component in the cohesion matrix filler for per 1 part of weight, 2 to the 90 parts of weight of having an appointment, the inorganic component of preferably about 5 to 20 parts of weight.This smokable filler material therefor that contains tobacco contains high to about 75 usually, is typically up to the tobacco of certain form of about 50 percentage by weights; High to about 80, the cohesion matrix filler of preferably about 20 to 60 percentage by weights; High to about 20, the binding agent of preferably about 2 to 10 percentage by weights; High to about 20, the smog of preferably about 3 to 15 percentage by weights forms material; And flavouring agent sufficient amount, that can reach required aromatic property.If desired, can be mixed into carbonaceous material (as, the chemical cellulose of pyrolysis) in smokable filler material therefor, be as the criterion with the gross dry weight of smokable filler material therefor, its content is high to about 10, sometimes up to about 30 percentage by weights usually.But this carbonaceous material is not that necessity of smokable filler material therefor is formed, and smokable filler material therefor can not comprise this carbonaceous material.This smokable filler material therefor is flammable, and can be used alone as unique smokable material of cigarette of the present invention.

The preferable type of another of smokable filler material therefor of the present invention is made of a kind of cohesion matrix filler that contains an organic component and a no inorganic component.This cohesion matrix filler forms close mixing of material and constitutes smokable filler material therefor with a binding agent and at least a smog.As the part of final mixture, this smokable filler material therefor preferably comprises the tobacco of at least a flavouring agent and certain form.Cohesion matrix filler contains the inorganic component of 2 to the 99 parts of weight of having an appointment usually for the organic component of per 1 part of weight.This reach filler contain usually high to about 20, the binding agent of preferably about 3 to 15 percentage by weights; Being higher than approximately 20, better is about 25 to 80, and the smog that is more preferably about 30 to 50 percentage by weights forms material; And be less than about 80, filler component preferably about 30 to 70 percentage by weights, that comprise foregoing cohesion matrix filler.Specifically, filler component can comprise (ⅰ) aforementioned all cohesion matrix fillers, or (ⅱ) mixture of aforementioned cohesion matrix filler and a kind of inorganic filler (as winnofil) and/or a kind of organic filler (as tobacco).Can be mixed into the flavouring agent that enough makes smokable filler material therefor produce required aromatic property in the smokable filler material therefor.If desired, can be mixed into carbonaceous material (as the chemical cellulose of pyrolysis) in smokable material, be as the criterion with the gross dry weight of smokable material, its content is high to about 10, sometimes up to about 30 percentage by weights usually.But this carbonaceous material is not that necessity of smokable material is formed, and smokable material can not comprise this carbonaceous material.This smokable filler material therefor is flammable, and can mix with other smokable filler material therefor.

Of the present inventionly contain the tobacco smokable filler material therefor is mixed into certain form in its manufacture process tobacco.Being used for this tobacco that contains the tobacco smokable filler material therefor can have various forms, comprises tobacco extract, tobacco fine powder or offal, chopping or the tobacco leaf that grinds, offal, the smokable filler of volumetric expansion and the tobacco of processing with other form, also have other suchlike thing, and their mixture.Tobacco extract is a kind of finished tobacco form, and it is to use a kind of solvent, as water, and carbon dioxide, a kind of hydrocarbon, or a kind of halohydrocarbon or other are multiple organic and inorganic solvent extracts tobacco.Tobacco extract can comprise spray-dired; Cryodesiccated; Heat treated extract is described in 511, No. 158 of April 19 nineteen ninety application and 452, No. 175 U.S. Patent application applying on December 18th, 1989; The tobacco essence is that 326,370 european patent application is described as application number; And aromatic oil and extract, be that 310,413 U.S. Patent application is described as the application number of the application in U.S. Patent No. on February 13rd, 4,506,682 and 1989 of Mueller.

In the smokable filler material therefor of the present invention binding agent is arranged.The example of suitable binding agent comprises hydroxypropyl cellulose, as the Klucel H of Aqualon Co.; Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose is as the Methocel K4 MS of Dow Chemi-cal Co.; Hydroxyethylcellulose is as the Natrosol 250MRCS of Aqualon Co.; Microcrystalline cellulose is as the Avicel of FMC; Methylcellulose is as the Methocel A4 M of Dow Chemical Co.; And sodium carboxymethylcellulose, as CMC 7HF and the CMC 7H4 F of Hercules Inc..Particularly preferred binding agent comprises alginates, as ammonium alginate, and mosanom, propylene glycol alginate, and potassium alginate.Alginic acid halogen, particularly full-bodied alginates can use with the free calcium ion of limited amount.Other binding agent comprises starch (as, cornstarch), carrageenan, guar gum, tracasol, pectin and Xanthan glue.Also can use the composition of binding agent or mixture (as, the mixture of guar gum and tracasol).

Smokable filler material therefor of the present invention can contain at least a smog and form material and/or at least a flavouring agent.Preferably smog form material comprise polyalcohol (as, glycerine, propane diols or triethylene glycol), and other can produce the material of visible smog, or their mixture.Smog form the part that material can be used as binding agent (as, when binding agent is propylene glycol alginate).Multiple smog forms material can mix use.Flavouring agent can be various kinds, comprises menthol, vanillic aldehyde, citric acid, malic acid, cocoa, Radix Glycyrrhizae and suchlike thing, and their mixture.Tobacco Flavaring forSmoking Products(1972 referring to people such as Leffingwell).

Sometimes need in smokable filler material therefor of the present invention, be mixed into the material of caramelization.The caramelization material can improve the integrality of (ⅰ) cigarette ash and fire awl, (ⅱ) outward appearance of smokable filler material therefor and (ⅲ) the fragrance rerum natura of cigarette main flue.The caramelization material can be sneaked into wherein during smokable filler material therefor in preparation, and/or is added on the surface of the smokable filler material therefor of making (as a kind of powder).The used caramelization amount of substance of common a certain smokable filler material therefor is meant that the resultant material that is mixed into behind the caramelization material comprises the caramelization material that is no more than about 20 percentage by weights and greater than the smokable material of about 80 percentage by weights.Suitable caramelization examples of substances comprises carbohydrate, as glucose, and fructose and sucrose; And mixture, as the Carob Powder Code1739 of M.F.Neal Inc..

The surface of available some mass treatment smokable filler material therefor of the present invention.For example, available flour imposes on the surface of this smokable filler material therefor.Typical material comprises cocoa power, licorice powder, Powdered inorganic material (as, potash or iron oxide), offal, the tobacco leaf of segmentation, and suchlike thing or their mixture.The surface treatment of smokable filler material therefor can make these materials improve color and appearance, improves characteristic, and improves aromatic property.

Cohesion matrix filler is by inorganic a composition and an organic composition.For example the calcium carbonate with the alginates cohesion has an inorganic component and an organic component.Other inorganic component comprises calcium sulfate, magnesia and magnesium carbonate.Ammonium alginate is a kind of particularly preferred alginates.This cohesion matrix filler can be by preparing the moisture slurry of being made up of calcium carbonate granule and hydration alginates earlier, dry again this slurry forms calcium carbonate cohesion matrix (that is, many calcium carbonate granules are distributed in the matrix in the alginates of continuous or semicontinuous phase).If desired, this slurry can be by making volumetric expansion to wherein sneaking into blowing agent.Suitable blowing agent example comprises the straight chain benzene sulfonic acid sodium salt, straight-chain alkyl sulfate and straight chained alkyl ethoxy sulfate.The most handy spray drying process drying contains the aqueous slurry of the calcium carbonate of high solid amount and alginates and obtains the flocculated particle (as, pellet normally) of calcium carbonate granule and alginates.In addition, the calcium carbonate that slurry also can obtain condensing by heat drying and the blocks of solid of alginates, then, this solid block can grind to form the particle of required size.Be as the criterion with siccative, the ratio of calcium carbonate and alginates can be at about 99: 1 to about 20: 1, preferably about 20: 1 to about 5: 1.Typically, under environmental condition, water insoluble substantially with the calcium carbonate granule of alginates cohesion.Specifically, when under environmental condition, contacting with water, any tendency that loses its cohesion characteristic of the insoluble substantially cohesion of the restriction to a great extent matrix filler of the alginates in the cohesion matrix filler.Because the reaction of the calcium ion in alginates and the calcium carbonate makes that cohesion matrix filler is water insoluble.If desired, available dilute acid soln is handled and is coagulated the body filler, decomposes part calcium carbonate, and the calcium ion of gained makes the alginates in the cohesion matrix filler become insoluble filler.

The cohesion matrix filler that contains a kind of inorganic component and a kind of organic component can mix with other multiple organic principle.For example, organic component can be a pectin, and it has the tendency that forms water-fast substantially material with the calcium ion reaction.In addition, the cohesion matrix filler with a kind of polysaccharide organic component can use divalent ion (as, calcium ion, barium ions, cobalt ions, iron ion or manganese ion) or trivalent ion (as, iron ion or aluminium ion) handle and become substantially not in the polysaccharide of water.In addition, for example the slurry of polysaccharide material (as ethyl cellulose) and inorganic component particle can be made in nonaqueous solvents (as, ethanol) and be dry, and obtains water-fast substantially cohesion matrix filler.

Can be mixed into other inorganic material in the smokable filler material therefor of the present invention.Form that is fiber, flakelike powder, crystallization, amorphous, hollow or particle that these inorganic material usually have.This inorganic filler for example comprises calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate particle, magnesia, magnesium hydroxide, perlite, synthetic mica, vermiculite, clay, thermally-stabilised carbon fiber, zinc oxide, dawsonite, low-density calcium carbonate hollow ball, glass marble, bead, heat-staple carbon bead, ca sulphate fibre, hollow ceramic bead, aluminium oxide, with the calcium carbonate granule of carbonaceous component cohesion, finished low-density carbonic acid calcium, and suchlike thing.

This cohesion matrix filler is by a kind of form of the cohesion matrix of being made up of inorganic component and carbonaceous component.Its inorganic component can comprise calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, magnesia, hydrotalcite particle, and suchlike thing.One particularly preferred cohesion matrix filler is the calcium carbonate of cohesion, preferably Ning Ju winnofil.This cohesion matrix filler is made the aqueous slurry of calcium carbonate granule and a kind of binding agent earlier, and dry then, this slurry forms the cohesion matrix (that is, many calcium carbonate granules are distributed in the matrix in the binding agent continuous or semicontinuous phase) of calcium carbonate.The calcium carbonate that constitutes the cohesion matrix generally has less than about 20m ²The surface area of/g usually is less than about 10m ²/ g is sometimes less than about 1m ²/ g, that use during the meter area is Brunauer, Emmett and Teller(BET) method, at J.Am.Chem.Soc., Vol.60 describes in P.309(1938) to some extent.Typical binding agent is an organic material, as cellulosic derivative (as, sodium carboxymethylcellulose), preferably comprises the following sugar substance that contains, as syrup, and HFCS, or the Carob Powder Code 1739 of M.F.Neal Inc..Other organic material, as pectin, the organic material that alginates and other front were said also can be used.

The calcium carbonate of the dry high solids of the most handy spray drying process and the aqueous slurry of binding agent (as, contain the slurry of about 40 to 55 weight percent solids) and obtain the flocculated particle (as, spheric granules normally) of calcium carbonate granule and binding agent.In addition, the calcium carbonate that slurry also can must condense by utilizing heat drying and the blocks of solid of binding agent, this solid block can grind to form the particle of required size.Heavily be as the criterion with siccative, the ratio of calcium carbonate and binding agent can be at about 20: 1 to about 2: 1, preferably about 15: 1 to about 4: 1.Tend to lose its coherency when usually the inorganic particle that condenses with carbohydrate and polysaccharide material contacts with water under environmental condition, this tendentious result makes that carbohydrate and polysaccharide material become in water soluble.

Must be by the cohesion matrix that inorganic component and organic binder bond are formed through Overheating Treatment.Like this, the volatile component in the organic binder bond is discharged from, the carbonaceous component of cleaning when this organic binder bond is sintered into water-fast substantially the burning.Usually, in order to reduce or to prevent that binding agent is oxidized as far as possible, the heat treatment of cohesion matrix filler is carried out under the controlled atmospher condition.For example, can be No.414 referring to the application number of application on September 29th, 1989,833 U.S. Patent application, this patent application is quoted at this for reference.Best, what heat treatment obtained is a kind of binding agent of carbonaceous form, and then a kind of means that the inorganic component particle aggregation become substrate forms are provided.Specifically, the calcium carbonate of cohesion and adhesive particle can adopt baker, fluid bed, the rotation calcining furnace, the belt calcining furnace, or suchlike thing heat-treat (as, temperature can reach about 600 ℃ usually up to about 625 ℃).For example, can on a fluid bed that has nitrogen to flow through, heat, promptly under about 625 ℃ temperature, heat being enough to make particle be heated to about 300 ℃, collect then with the spray-dired calcium carbonate granule of syrup cohesion.The cohesion matrix of inorganic component and organic binder bond can be under the condition of guaranteeing to avoid inorganic material to decompose (as, when inorganic component is calcium carbonate) by make the cohesion matrix stand at short notice very high temperature (as, up to about 900 ℃) and make organic binder bond obtain the calcining.But, if inorganic component is a calcium carbonate, and calcium carbonate has part to decompose when calcining, condense so matrix can be by the following method carbonating again: (ⅰ) this material is placed carbon dioxide atmosphere, or (ⅱ) this dispersion of materials is fed carbon dioxide in water and in this dispersion.

Behind the calcination process, the calcium carbonate content of the calcium carbonate granule of cohesion surpasses 80 usually, usually be to surpass 90 percentage by weights, and the content of carbon surpasses 3 percentage by weights.Usually the flocculated particle of gained is crossed and is sieved to pact-50/+325 U.S. mesh size, usually is pact-80/+200 U.S. order.The cohesion calcium carbonate granule of preferable calcining is water insoluble substantially, spherical in shape, can flow freely to have the about 0.1 gram/cubic centimetre of bulk density to 1.1 gram/cubic centimetres, often be about 0.3 gram/cubic centimetre to 1 gram/cubic centimetre, adopt mercury pressure technology to record.Like this, burnt cohesion calcium carbonate granule provides a kind of inorganic material, and its Panasonic's density is lower than about 2 gram/cubic centimetres, is preferably lower than about 1 gram/cubic centimetre, and it comprises the inorganic component of a bulk density greater than about 2.5 gram/cubic centimetres.Usually, the surface area of this burnt cohesion calcium carbonate granule usually is about 10 meters squared per gram to 25 meters squared per gram less than about 30 meters squared per gram, and surface area can adopt the BET method to measure.

If desired, the bulk density of burnt cohesion inorganic filler can make it to reduce by eliminate the part inorganic component with acidulant.For example, burnt cohesion inorganic filler can be dispersed in the water, and in the slurry of gained, add aqueous hydrochloric acid solution and stirred, hydrochloric acid and calcium carbonate reaction, and do not react with carbonaceous component substantially.Like this, carbonaceous component is got together remaining calcium carbonate, and a part of calcium carbonate then reacts and generates carbon dioxide and water-soluble calcium chloride simultaneously.

The inorganic material that is mixed into smokable filler material therefor of the present invention of another type is a kind of low-density inorganic filler.The preparation method of this filler is: prepare a kind of calcium salt particle earlier, decompose the anion of calcium salt then and contact this calcium salt particle with carbon dioxide.Suitable calcium salt example comprises calcium propionate, calcium succinate, calcium tartrate, calcium stearate, calcium salicylate, calcium palmitate, calcium oleate, calcium lactate, calcium gluconae, calcium citrate, Calcium Ascorbate, tylcalsin and calcium benzoate.Other suitable salt comprises the calcium salt of sugar and polysaccharide.These salt are stood to be enough to the condition of reduces anions, promptly be usually included under the carbon dioxide atmosphere and heat-treat.

A kind of method that the low-density inorganic filler is provided relates to passing to be stablized under the situation of carbon dioxide that flow velocity is 228 ml/min, be screened in about 600 ℃ of heating-about 8 hours of 80/+170 U.S. sieve purpose granular calcium lactate, thereby a kind of material that experiences the loss in weight about 65% is provided.This material of about 20 parts of weight is added in the water of about 80 parts of weight, thereby the gained slurry contacts with enough hydrochloric acid solution its pH value is dropped to about 6.8.This material takes out from water then, washing, and drying, mistake are sieved to granular size and are-80/+170 U.S. sieve mesh.More than this material 95 percentage by weights is calcium carbonate, the about 0.4 gram/cubic centimetre of its bulk density, and density adopts mercury platen press commercial measurement.

Generally, when making smokable filler material therefor of the present invention, form the aqueous slurry of other component of a kind of binding agent and smokable filler material therefor earlier, then with the slurry cast in flakes and dry this mould material form more dried, machinable.Is slurry cast technology and equipment in blocks obvious to the skilled worker.Other material, as calcium acetate, potash, the pH controlling agent, urea, amino acid, potassium chloride and/or calcium hydroxide also can be mixed into slurry.Chelating agent (as, diammonium hydrogen phosphate, natrium citricum, hexa metaphosphoric acid potassium or tetrasodium pyrophosphate) can sneak into slurry, it is measured can be enough to control the concentration degree of being of the free calcium ion in the slurry.The material of cast can be dry under room temperature or high temperature.Further, calcium saline solution can add the slurry of cast.The gained dry plate can shred or be fragmented into " strip ", cuts or is broken into thin filler then and form.Smokable filler material therefor of the present invention can prepare with paper technology.Specifically, a kind of aqueous slurry of cellulosic material (as, soft wood pulp, hard wood pulp, the offal of flax fiber and/or chopping) with aforesaid filler pouring into one deck on-cellulosic being with or on the silk guiding principle, be dried to required moisture degree then.Usually, slurry, the disperse system of flavouring agent or solution, tobacco extract, some part of tobacco, smog forms material, and suchlike thing, all can be added on this one deck (as, spray), " layer " of gained further drying is in blocks.The gained dry plate can be chopped into and be fragmented into " strip ", can chop up or be chopped into thin form of bio-carrier then.The technology and equipment of making paper is obvious to the skilled worker.

Smokable filler material therefor of the present invention can be employed suitable extrusion technique and be squeezed into required form.For example, see Graves, the processing method described in No. 4,880,018, people's such as Jr. the United States Patent (USP), this patent is quoted at this as a reference.In addition, the aqueous slurry of the component of this smokable material and alginates binder component can be squeezed into the calcium ion aqueous solution (as calcium chloride water), collects then and drying.If desired, the smokable filler material therefor of extruding can be machined the shape that (as with roller processing etc.) becomes various needs.

But the smoking bar of cigarette of the present invention often comprises the mechanical impurity or the admixture of smokable material.Admixture can comprise two or more smokable filler material therefors of the present invention, or comprises the mechanical impurity of a kind of smokable filler material therefor of the present invention and at least a other smokable material at least.Cigarette is everlasting and is comprised the smokable filler material therefor at least a of the present invention of q.s in such admixture preferably, makes smokable material in every cigarette comprise at least 1% carbonaceous material of admixture gross weight.Especially, have this type smokable filler material therefor and low porosity outer wrapping paper (as, porosity is less than the outer wrapping paper of 5CORESTA unit) cigarette, under the FTC condition, have the tendency that keeps glowing (as, can be) from horizontal blanking, FTC smoking condition is meant shoots out the 35ml cigarette in 2 seconds, inhaled once in per 60 seconds.

Smokable filler material therefor of the present invention can mix with the smokable filler of chopping.The tobacco that tobacco can be kind type can comprise toasting tobacco Burley, Maryland and Oriental tobacco, and rare and special tobacco, and their mixture.The smokable filler of these choppings can be from the tobacco leaf; The form of tobacco leaf volumetric expansion or inflatable; The offal of handling is as cutting the offal that rolls or shred inflatable; The tobacco-containing material of recasting, United States Patent (USP) 4 as people such as (ⅰ) Bernasek, 887, people's such as No. 618 and Clapp 4,941, No. 484 described tobacco-containing materials that remove deproteinize, (ⅱ) people's such as Hind United States Patent (USP) 3,353, No. 541,3,420, No. 241,3,386 of Hind, No. 449 and on September 13rd, 1989, the application number of application was 406,637 and the application number of January 5 nineteen ninety application be the tobacco-containing material of the phosphatic recasting described in 461,216 patent applications etc., (ⅲ) application number of application on November 16th, 1989 is 272, the Tobacco Encyclopedia that 156 U.S. Patent application and Voges edit, the tobacco-containing material of the recasting P.389TJI(1984): (ⅳ) application number of application on September 29th, 1989 is the tobacco-containing material of the recasting described in 414, No. 833 that apply in 416,332 U.S. Patent applications and on September 29th, 1989; Or their mixture.

To smokable material can with carry out surface treatment in the different phase of cigarette manufacturing like that usually.For example, when processing cigarette chopping filler, can flavouring agent be applied on the smokable material as usually.Suitable flavouring agent comprises vanillic aldehyde, cocoa, Radix Glycyrrhizae, menthol, and the like thing.Flavour improving agent also can put on smokable material.The flavour improving agent of levulinic acid type can put on smokable filler material therefor (as, be as the criterion with the smokable material dry weight, amount ranges is about 0.01% to 2%, normally about 0.1% to 1%, preferably about 0.2% to 0.6%).Another kind of potash type flavour improving agent can put on smokable material (as, be as the criterion with the smokable material dry weight, it is about 5% that consumption is less than, generally about 2% to about 3%).Smog forms agent and wetting agent such as glycerine and propane diols, can put on smokable material.As the surface treatment composition, these components all are easy to put on smokable material.

But the lapping preferably of manufacturing the smoking bar is the cigarette lapping with low Air permenbility.The common air transmission coefficient of this lapping is less than 5CORESTA unit, often less than 3CORESTA unit, usually less than 1CORESTA unit.Typical lapping is a cigarette paper.Suitable lapping is a cigarette paper, can adopt the DD-77-1 of Kimberly-Clark Corp., DD-71-6, MTR-1021, P-2831-60-2, P-2831-60-3, P-2831-60-4, P-2831-60-5, P-2674-110, P-2831-60-1 and DD-100-2.Suitable low porosity cigarette paper can be buied from market, wherein can contain the composition such as flammable chemical composition, diluent of varying level.Most preferred cigarette paper is that the polymeric membrane that comprises q.s forms agent to form the paper of required low Air permenbility.For example, the polymeric membrane of q.s formation agent solution (as, carboxymethyl cellulose or ethyl cellulose) can put on the coated papers.The selection that polymeric membrane forms agent is obvious to the skilled worker.

The polymeric membrane that can Gong select for use forms agent and can apply in paper-making process, perhaps applies with printing or sprayed coating mode after papermaking is finished.Typically, for being easy to processing, polymeric membrane form agent as a kind of weak solution put on the paper (as, with respect to the percentage by weight of solvent in about concentration of 0.2 to 5).The amount that puts on the film formation agent on the coated papers depends on the air penetrability of paper and the factors such as film forming ability that film forms agent.Typically, be as the criterion with the paper dry weight, film forms the amount ranges of agent about 1% to 10%.For example, be the ethanolic solution of 5 ethyl cellulose or the aqueous solution of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, be applied on the paper that this paper is done the back and formed anhydrous, a moistureproof coated papers to percentage by weight with gluing machine, porosity is less than about 1CORESTA unit, preferably less than about 0.5CORESTA unit.

But smoking bar and cigarette can be made any known topography with known cigarette manufacturing equipment and technology.But the smoking bar often comprises the smokable material that is wrapped in one deck lapping, but also useful two-layer dissimilar lappings.For example, be 528,302 U.S. Patent application referring to the application number of May 24 nineteen ninety application, this patent application is quoted at this as a reference.

Cigarette with tobacco rod of two-layer lapping preferably includes a kind of aforesaid low porosity coated papers as outer lapping.The internal layer lapping can be various, but a kind of typically tobacco lapping that contains.As an example, the internal layer lapping can be to comprise about 3 parts of melon offals and about 1 part of wood pulp, can adopt P-2249-115 and the P-2831-23-3 of Kimberly-Clark Corp..Other suitable interior lapping (comprising tobacco section and carbonaceous material) can adopt P-2540-94-A, P-2540-94-C and the P-2540-94-D of Kimberly-Clark Corp..Internal layer lapping (ⅰ) can comprise flammable chemical substance (as, potassium citrate, potassium acetate or Potassium Suceinate), and/or (ⅱ) as the matrix of fragrance (as, the menthol vanillic aldehyde) or the fragrance precursor (as, vanillin glucoside or ethyl vanillin glucoside).

Typically, but smoking pole length scope is preferably in about 35 to about 60 millimeters at about 30 millimeters to about 70 millimeters; Girth is preferably in about 22 to about 25 millimeters at about 17 millimeters to about 27 millimeters.But short smoking bar (that is, length is at about 30 to about 50 millimeters) also can adopt, especially for when the loading density of smokable material than higher the time.

The loading density of the smokable material in the outer covering material can be different.But the typical smoking bar loading density scope of cigarette of the present invention is at about 150 to 400 milligrams/cubic centimetre.But the loading density scope of this smoking bar often is about 250 to 360 milligrams/cubic centimetre at about 200 to 380 milligrams/cubic centimetre usually, but particularly adopts when lacking smoking bar (that is, length is less than about 50 millimeters).

Cigarette of the present invention preferably includes filter element, and filter element is preferably more than 1 joint.For example, filter element has two sections or more filtration sections preferably.Typically, preferably each segment length scope of filter element at about 10 millimeters to about 30 millimeters; Girth is preferably in about 22 millimeters to about 25 millimeters at about 17 millimeters to about 27 millimeters.The traditional typically liner coated papers of liner lapping of each section of parcel filter element both can be that what to breathe freely also can be basic air proof.

One the joint fillter section filtering material preferably comprise carbonaceous material (as, active carbon particle, charcoal particle, or carbon paper).One especially the example of good filtering material be the filtering material that tobacco/carbon paper is gathered together, can adopt the P-144-BAC of Kimberly-Clark Corp..This filtering material can reduce some gaseous component that enters smoker's mainstream smoke in the mouth.Like this, that section filtering material just can be used to reduce the strange taste in the mainstream smoke or the component of other undesirable characteristic.

The preferred filtering material of another of fillter section generally includes fibrous material.An example of suitable filtering material is the nonwoven polypropylene net that gathers together.Good especially nonwoven polypropylene sheet net can adopt the PP-100-F of Kimberly-Clark Corp..The example of the filtering material that another is suitable is the cellulose acetate short fiber.Particularly preferred cellulose acetate short fiber class comprises 40,000 deniers of (ⅰ) every 8 denier/altogether and (ⅱ) every 8 denier/altogether 15,000 denier, (ⅲ) 25,000 deniers of every 8 denier/altogether, (ⅳ) 30,000 deniers of every 8 denier/altogether.Plasticizer, as triacetyl glycerine, propane diols or triethyl group citric acid can mix with packing material.

The filtering material of another fillter section can be the nonwoven thermoplastic fiber that flocks together contact closely with water miscible tobacco extract and the filtering material that contains tobacco extract.High preferred nonwoven polypropylene fiber mesh material can adopt the PP200SD of Kimberly-Clark Corp..The application number that can consult application on September 29th, 1989 as the example that filters sections and filter element is 414,835 and 518, No. 597 patent applications of application on May 3 nineteen ninety.These filter the aromatic property that sections can improve the mainstream smoke that passes through it.

Also have a kind of filtration sections to comprise that the tobacco paper material is as filtering material.For example, this filtering material can be the form of the net of the tobacco paper assembled, and this material can adopt the P-144-B of Kimberly-Clark Corp..

The filtration sections of the filter element that uses among suitable the present invention can adopt known cigarette filter manufacturing technology to make.Filter element can adopt prior art to make of the cellulose acetate short fiber.Filter element also can adopt carbon paper, tobacco paper and sheet nonwoven polypropylene net, and the filter tip manufacturing technology described in people's such as utilization Pryor etc. the U.S. Patent No. 4,807,809 makes, this patent is quoted this as a reference.In addition, can add filter element to charcoal or active carbon particle, make particle between two suitable filtering material sections, form so-called " triple filter ".

That filter element can have is low, in or high filtration render a service.Preferred filter element has minimum mainstream smoke (that is cigarette) removing property and keeps the required suction properties of cigarette.This minimum cigarette is removed efficient and is provided by " poor efficiency " filter element.The ability minimum of particle in the removal mainstream smoke of poor efficiency filter element.Referring to, the The Chemistry of Tobacco and Tobacco Smoke of Keith in Schemeltz, P157,1972.Generally, the mainstream smoke particle removal efficiency of poor efficiency filter element is lower than about 40 percentage by weights.

But the smoking bar of filter element lapping parcel filter element and adjacent domain, but the filter element lapping stretches about 3 millimeters to about 6 millimeters on smoking pole length direction like this.Generally, the filter element lapping is traditional filter element coated papers.The filter element lapping of multiple porosity can use.For example, it can be air-locked substantially that filter element wraps up this material, ventilative, or finished (as, by machinery or laser drilling) some hole, opening or passage think that cigarette provides air dilution means.The total surface area in hole and hole can change along the distribution of cigarette periphery, thus the smoking characteristic of control cigarette.

For air of the present invention dilution or the cigarette of passage is arranged, the amount of air dilution can change.In general, be used for the air amount of dilution of air dilution cigarette greater than about 25%.Usually greater than about 40%.It is about 75% that the air of the cigarette dilution upper limit generally is lower than, more low less than about 65%.Here used predicate " air dilution " is meant the ratio (representing with percentage) of the cumulative volume of the air of volume of air and the cigarette holder part that makes the test side by side by cigarette by air dilution means and smog (that is cigarette).Referring to people such as Selke, Beitr.Zur Tabak.In., Vol.4, P.193(1978).

Cigarette of the present invention when smoking, can provide dulcet mainstream smoke.The imperfect combustion product that mainstream smoke produced and the gaseous component of this cigarette are all lower.At least when smoking under the FTC condition, cigarette burns with acceptable speed, and keeps stable glowing.When smoking, the cigarette ash of cigarette and fire awl (taper combustion front) bonding within reason, so it can be not oversize.Yet the cigarette ash of this cigarette and the burning conical surface still have good integrality, and when smoking, every cigarette of the present invention obtains usually less than about 20 milligrams, and is preferable less than about 10 milligrams effluent " tar ".This is the Analyst by people such as employing Proctor, Vol.113, and P.1509(1988) described equipment and technology are measured.When smoking under the FTC condition, every of this cigarette can aspirate more than 5 mouthfuls, and every cigarette is more than 6 mouthfuls preferably.The suction number of times that common cigarette of the present invention can provide when aspirating under the FTC condition is less than 20 times, often less than 15 times.

Provide some examples in order further to set forth the present invention below, but the present invention is not restricted to these examples.Except as otherwise noted, all umbers and percentage number all are percentage by weights in the example.

Example 1

A. contain the preparation of tobacco smokable filler material therefor

Prepared a kind of filler as follows:

Add about 500 parts of running water and about 5 parts of high viscosity ammonium alginates in high-shear mixer, the latter adopts Kelco Division of Merck; Co., the Amoloid HV of Inc..The gained mixture stirs at ambient temperature, makes ammonium alginate be dispersed in the water and makes the ammonium alginate hydration.Add about 95 parts of winnofils then in water/ammonium alginate mixture, the latter can adopt the USP Light of Pfizer Inc..Resulting slurry under suitable speed stir about 10 minutes up to obtaining thick slurry.

Slurry is carried out spray-drying, and spray-drying adopts Anhydro Type Lab S1 spray dryer, and the inlet temperature of its atomizer is that about 290 ℃ of outlet temperatures are about 220 °F.This spray dryer is equipped with the 7016-20 type chieftain that Masterflex Pump System uses to be provided by Cole-Parmer Instrument Co..Nozzle air pressure is 4psi, and it is 2 speed that pump speed is controlled to that liquid closes into speed.The spray-dried granules of gained is normally spherical.Particle is sieved to size.

Spray-dried granules can flow freely, and is at room temperature water insoluble substantially, has moisture resistance, keeps state of aggregation when contacting with water under environmental condition.Each particle is that many winnofil particles are dispersed in the cohesion matrix in the alginates.

Being prepared as follows of a kind of smokable material:

Slowly add about 5 parts of high viscosity ammonium alginates in the high-shear mixer that 225 parts of running water are housed, that the latter adopts is Kelco Division of Merck ﹠amp; Co., the Amoloid HV of Inc..Resulting mixture at room temperature stirs, and makes ammonium alginate be distributed in the water and hydrated.In water/ammonium alginate mixture, add 20 parts of glycerine and 25 parts of running water then.In mixture, add 17.2 parts of foregoing cohesion calcium carbonate again.Resulting slurry stirs up to obtaining thick slurry again.

Slurry is cast on the hdpe layer sheet, thick about 0.025 inch, dries.Gained is thin does filbert and has flexibility.With paper cutter the thin slice per inch is cut 32 cuttves.

On the thin slice of chopping, sprinkle the Pennsylvania cigar tobacco of about 8.5 parts of segmentations.

B. the preparation of cigarette

Cigarette preparation as shown in Figure 3 is as follows:

Every cigarette is about 84mm, Zhou Changyue 24.8mm, but comprise the smoking bar that is about 57mm, be about first fillter section and second fillter section that is about 12mm of 15mm.First and second fillter sections form a filter element.But two fillter sections are fixed on the smoking bar by the filter element coated papers of atresia.To every cigarette, but the filter element coated papers is around the parcel filter with at the long smoking bar of about 4mm of tobacco rod and filter joint.By playing a circle from about foremost 12mm place of filter around filter and penetrate the filter element coated papers of filter and the hole of gasket material makes filter can feed about 60% diluent air.

But the smoking bar comprises the smokable material that contains tobacco of aforementioned chopping form of bio-carrier.

First fillter section forms by assembling 11.75 inches wide tobaccos and carbon paper band, that the latter adopts is Kimberly-Clark Corp. (P-144-BAC), filtering rod manufacturing equipment described in the example 1 that No. 4,807,809, people's such as use Pryor United States Patent (USP).The liner of fillter section (lining) paper can adopt the goods of Ecusta Corp. to be numbered 5831.But first fillter section adjoins the smoking bar.

Second fillter section is formed by the nonwoven polypropylene net (band) of assembling 11.75 inches wide, that the latter adopts is the PP-100-F of Kimberly-Clark Corp., and use the filtering rod manufacturing equipment described in first example of No. the 4th, 807,809, United States Patent (USP) of people such as Pryor.The liner of fillter section (lining) paper can adopt the goods of Ecusta Corp., is numbered 5831.Second fillter section adjoins first filter, at the least significant end (mouth end) of cigarette.

The air transmission coefficient of the outer wrapping paper of cigarette is a 0CORESTA unit.Cigarette paper adopts the P-2831-60-1 of Kimberly-Clark Corp..

But the interior lapping of smoking bar is the paper that contains tobacco, employing be the P-2831-23-3 of Kimberly-Clark Corp..

But utilization known technology manufacturing smoking bar.Specifically, smokable material by one deck coated papers around parcel.But heavily about 1 gram of the smokable material in every smoking bar.

But cigarette is by a some alkene smoking bar, makes smokable material burning in the winding paper produce cigarette and aspirates.This cigarette produces very low-level visible sidestream smoke and does not have the effluent peculiar smell substantially during use.This cigarette can be from horizontal blanking in the stage of glowing under FTC smoking condition.

Example 2

With being prepared as follows of the calcium carbonate granule of alginates cohesions:

In blender, add about 750ml running water, add about 20 gram glycerine again.To wherein slowly adding about 10 gram examples, 1 described ammonium alginate, ammonium alginate is dispersed in the water under careful the stirring.The gained mixture changes in-1 liter the wide-mouth bottle, seals, and careful the rotation spent the night, and makes the ammonium alginate hydrated.

Getting a slurry in 250 gram winnofils addings, the 250 gram running water, winnofil adopts the Code No.2A of Pfizer Inc..The mixture that adds 200 gram water/glycerine/ammonium alginates then in the slurry.The little stirring of gained slurry obtains the uniform slurry of a quality.

Slurry is cast on the high density polyethylene (HDPE) sheet, thick about 0.04 inch, dries and obtains 6 inches square dry plates.Gained dry plate hand is worn into the granule shape, is screened to-50 U.S.'s mesh sizes.

Being prepared as follows of the cohesion calcium carbonate granule of calcining:

Under the room temperature condition, in low shear mixer, add about 832 parts of running water, about 757 parts of winnofil particles (adopting the Albacar 5970 of Pfizer Inc.) and about 267 parts of syrup.Calcium carbonate is valvular structure, and mean particle size (that is diameter) is about 2 microns.Syrup adopts the Refiner's Syrup of Savannah Sugar Co., Gu/water content is than about 3.7: 1.Gained mixture stir about 5 to 10 minutes, the solids content of the slurry that obtains are about 52%, and viscosity is about 1, and 200cps, viscometer are Brookfield LVT viscosimeter, have cylindrical LV4 axle.

Be continuously pumped into slurry during the slurry spray-drying, about 6 ppm of speed, the pressure of slurry feed-in spray dryer is about 475 to 500psig.What spray dryer was used is the industrial type of Bowen Type, is equipped with a SD-46 nozzle, and operates by industrial mode.The porch temperature is about 470 °F, and the exit temperature is about 260 °F.It is spherical that the spray-dried granules of gained is generally, and water content is lower than 2%.Particle is crossed and is sieved to-70/+200 U.S. sieve mesh.

That spray-dired particle is placed in is one wide 12 inches, in long 36 inches the steel disk, thick about 0.5 inch.This dish is sent into the speed of 8 to 12 inch per minute clocks in the band oven then, heats about 10 minutes with the temperature that is higher than 600 ℃ in blanket of nitrogen, descends about 20 minutes at 400 ℃.Then, furnace temperature is transferred to about 720 ℃, and steel disk stands about 670 ℃ highest temperature at this moment.Under blanket of nitrogen, the particle that heated was fetched into a cooled region about 1 hour from stove, be cooled to room temperature.

Particle after the calcining that obtains like this is black, sphere, can flows and protection against the tide.93% of particle is a calcium carbonate, the about 0.5 gram/cubic centimetre of the bulk density that shows.Each particle is the cohesion matrixes of a lot of winnofil distribution of particles in carbonaceous material.

Being prepared as follows of a kind of smokable filler material therefor that contains tobacco:

Add about 225 ml tap waters in high-shear mixer, being scattered here and there in water about 5 restrains ammonium alginate as described in Example 1.The at room temperature careful stir about of gained mixture 15 minutes is up to the ammonium alginate hydrated.Then, in mixture, add about 20 gram glycerine, add about 25 ml tap waters again.The chopping filler that adds about 16.7 gram " U.S.'s mixed type " tobaccos of having been clayed into power again to this mixture.Then, in mixture, add about 25 ml tap waters.The gained mixture stirs up to obtaining uniform slurry.It is even up to the slurry quality with the calcium carbonate gained slurry stirring of ammonium alginate cohesion to calcium and 13.8 grams to add the burnt cohesion carbon of about 13.8 grams in slurry.The gained slurry is cast on the polyethylene from high pressure process sheet, thick about 0.025 inch, dries.

Example 3

A. condense the preparation of matrix filler:

Add about 500 parts of running water under the room temperature and keep high shear in blender, add about 5 parts of ammonium alginates, the latter adopts Amoloid HV.Stir the mixture up to the complete hydration of ammonium alginate.Then mixture is moved into a blender of beating eggs type.Then about 94.5 parts of examples, 1 described winnofil is added in the mixture.Continuous stirring reaches a uniform denseness up to mixture.In mixture, add the lauryl sodium sulfate that about 0.5 part of Aldrich Chemical Co. produces then.About 15 minutes of continuous stirring to mixture foams.

Pour into a mould thick about 0.05 inch slurry to a high density polyethylene (HDPE) sheet, dry.The gained thin slice is white, and is very crisp.Grind, sieve ,-particle of 30/+100 U.S. mesh size.This material immerses in the water can not change character (losing structure) yet.Because binding agent is water-fast.Record the about 0.26 gram/cubic centimetre of bulk density of this material with graduated cylinder.Be about 0.46 gram/cubic centimetre with the bulk density that records original calcium carbonate with quadrat method.

B. the preparation of smokable filler material therefor:

Add about 200 parts of running water under the room temperature and in blender, keep high shear, add about 3.33 parts of ammonium alginates again,, add about 4.5 parts of glycerine then as Amoloid HV.This mixture stir about 15 minutes is up to the complete hydration of component.Then mixture is moved into beat eggs a type blender and a stirring.Get about 60 parts of aforementioned cohesion calcium carbonate in addition and mix, again the gained slurry is added in the mixture with about 400 parts of running water.It is even up to denseness carefully to stir the mixture.Pour into a mould thick about 0.05 inch slurry to a high density polyethylene (HDPE) sheet.The gained thin slice is a white and soft.The density of this thin slice of gained is about 0.39 gram/cubic centimetre.Density with the film-making of original non-coagulative precipitation calcium carbonate institute is about 0.96 gram/cubic centimetre.This smokable filler material therefor is cut into about 1/32 inch wide bar then as the chopping filler that can inhale.

Example 4

A kind ofly condense being prepared as follows of matrix filler:

Add about 20 parts of running water under the room temperature, and in blender, keep high shear, add about 5 parts of HM Sugarles pectin again, adopt the Type LM-20 AS-Z of Hercules Chemicals.Stir the mixture up to the complete hydration of pectin.Then mixture is moved into a blender of beating eggs type.In about 200 parts of running water, add about 60 parts of examples, 1 described winnofil in addition.To wherein adding about 0.3 part of single oleic acid polyoxyethylene groups sorbitan ester (adopting the Tween 80 of Sigma Chemical Co.), in slurry, add pectin mixture more then, stir about 15 minutes, mixture foaming in whipping process.

The slurry of foaming is watered on the high density polyethylene (HDPE) sheet, form thick about 0.05 inch one deck, dry.Dry the back to its spray calcium chloride water of 5%, the gained thin slice is contained have an appointment 1 part of calcium chloride.Resulting is white, very crisp.Grind sieve-fragment of 30/+100 U.S. sieve mesh granularity.Measure with graduated cylinder, the bulk density of this material is 0.28 gram/cubic centimetre.With measuring with quadrat method, the bulk density of original calcium carbonate is about 0.46 gram/cubic centimetre.

Gained cohesion matrix filler is used to make smokable filler material therefor, and is identical with method described in the example 1.

Claims (14)

1, a kind of cigarette is characterized in that, comprising:

(a) but a filler, it comprises the cohesion matrix filler of (i) alginates component and calcium carbonate components and the (ii) mixture closely of tobacco; With

(b) lapping, this smokable filler material therefor of winding.

2, cigarette as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, comprises a kind of binding agent in this smokable filler material therefor.

3, cigarette as claimed in claim 2, wherein this binding agent comprises ammonium alginate.

4, as claim 1,2 or 3 described cigarette, it is characterized in that this tobacco has the form of tobacco extract.

5, cigarette as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, this smokable filler material therefor comprises a kind of smog and forms material.

6, cigarette as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, treated wherein is the paper of a kind of porosity less than 5CORESTA unit.

7, cigarette as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, in this cohesion matrix filler the alginates component of per 1 part of weight is had the calcium carbonate components of 10 to 99 parts of weight.

8, a kind of cigarette is characterized in that, comprising:

(a) comprise the smokable filler material therefor of cohesion matrix filler with calcium carbonate components and alginates component; With

(b) lapping of a winding smokable filler material therefor.

9, cigarette as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, wherein this smokable filler material therefor comprises a binding agent.

10, cigarette as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, wherein said binding agent comprises ammonium alginate.

11, cigarette as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, wherein this lapping is the paper of a kind of porosity less than 5CORESTA unit.

12, cigarette as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, in the wherein said cohesion matrix filler alginates component of each part weight is had the calcium carbonate components of 10 to 99 parts of weight.

13, as claim 1 or 8 described cigarette, it is characterized in that wherein said smokable filler material therefor comprises diammonium hydrogen phosphate.

14, as claim 1 or 8 described cigarette, it is characterized in that, comprise residual blowing agent in the wherein said smokable filler material therefor.

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