CN102665399B - 用于动物的食品分配器和方法 - Google Patents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K15/00—Devices for taming animals, e.g. nose-rings or hobbles; Devices for overturning animals in general; Training or exercising equipment; Covering boxes
- A01K15/02—Training or exercising equipment, e.g. mazes or labyrinths for animals ; Electric shock devices ; Toys specially adapted for animals
- A01K15/025—Toys specially adapted for animals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K5/00—Feeding devices for stock or game ; Feeding wagons; Feeding stacks
- A01K5/01—Feed troughs; Feed pails
- A01K5/0114—Pet food dispensers; Pet food trays
Abstract
提供一种分配器装置,动物利用该分配器装置从该装置选择性地分配食品。该装置包括具有用于接收食品的内部开口的主体,一开口形成在主体中以允许分配食品。装置的底座包括位于其中的加重材料,使该装置位于正常直立的位置。动物的接触使该装置倾斜,从而允许食品通过主体中的开口掉落。改变用作加重材料的材料的量和类型,可以改变装置在被动物接触时如何运动的特性,这又改变了所分配的食品的比率和量。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及能够分配食物或食品的宠物玩具,更特别地,涉及一种食品分配器和方法,其中动物可以选择性地分配食品,该分配器包括使玩具在被动物操纵之后返回到正常的直立位置的加重底座。
背景技术
用于宠物的交互式玩具已经变得相当流行。动物行为主义者已经证实了对受到刺激、被吸引而全神贯注或以其它方式致力于与宠物玩具进行富有成效的交互的动物是有许多好处的。咀嚼玩具为动物例如狗提供了必需的咀嚼。投掷玩具为狗提供了全面的身体训练。带有食品的咀嚼玩具既提供了咀嚼又提供了扩展的交互作用,这是因为动物的兴趣可以通过能够接受可食用的食品而得到更好地保持。
已经开发出许多发明,用于增加动物可与玩具交互的时长。一些发明包括能使食物或食品从玩具中分配出来的宠物玩具。带有可食用的食品的玩具已经被证明可以治疗一些宠物所经历的分离焦虑。通过增加使动物集中注意力的时长和强度,动物可以不至于总是进行消极的行为。
动物食物分配器的一个示例包括在美国专利No.6,526,912中披露的发明。该文献更具体地是公开了一种具有底座部分和由围住容器腔的至少一个壁限定的上部分的分配器。开口形成在该上部分中以接近容器腔。加重主体固定到分配器的底座,并提供了一种用于在分配器已经被动物倾斜或移动之后使分配器返回到直立位置的装置。该分配器可以在动物的作用下以摇摆和/或滑动的动作在表面上运动,从而从开口分配一单位量。
虽然现有技术可能公开了用于分配食品或食物的各种方法,但是仍需要提供一种食品分配装置,其中,动物在选择性地分配食品方面具有更好的控制。还需要提供一种装置,使装载食品和清洁装置更简单。还需要提供一种装置,使得装置的运动或动作可以基于放在底座中且可由用户调节的选择重量的大小来改变。最后,还需要以结构上简单、但可靠的结构来提供前述的改进/优点。
发明内容
根据本发明,提供了一种食品或食物分配装置和方法,能使动物从该装置中选择性地分配食品/食物。术语“食品”在下文中是指包括可被动物吃喝的所有动物食料。食品可呈现各种形式,例如尺寸均匀的小块,或者食品可以具有不规则的尺寸和形状。
根据本发明的装置,分配器设置成具有主体、底座以及将主体互连到底座的互连组件或互连件。主体优选是中空的,并接收由宠物主人或护理者装载在其中的食品。加重材料被装在底座中。优选地,加重材料能够在底座中移动或运动,因此不固定到底座。使用的材料可以是例如沙粒或其它粒状材料、或滚珠。底座填充有期望量的材料,以使玩具保持在直立位置,并使玩具在被倾斜或移位之后返回到直立位置。互连组件包括覆盖底座内的加重材料的一体盖。互连组件的上端能够通过螺纹与主体的下部接合。期望的形状和尺寸的开口形成在主体中,以允许分配保持在主体内的食品。
根据本发明的方法,将选定量的加重材料放在底座中。可以选择加重材料的量来调节该装置在被动物接触时的运动和摆动特性。选定量的加重材料决定了该装置在由动物接触之后返回到其正常的直立位置的方式。例如,存在的加重材料的量越大,使该装置倾斜所需的力越大。减少底座中的加重材料的量允许该装置更容易倾斜或运动。该装置倾斜的时间越长,分配装在主体内的食品的机会就越大。装置在被接触之后摆动的具体方式还受到放在底座内的重量的影响。决定装置的摆动特性的另一个因素是互连件的盖与加重材料的顶表面之间的间隔或间隙的量。更大的腔尺寸能使加重材料的移动和运动更大,通常还使该装置在倾斜的或成角度的位置停留更多的时间。因而,除了调节所存在的加重材料的量之外,使用者还可调节加重材料的体积,以改变该装置的摆动和运动特性。
本发明的其它特征和优点将通过结合附图阅读以下的详细描述而变得明显。
附图说明
现在将参照附图在具体实施方式部分进一步描述本发明,附图中:
图1示出本发明的分配器的分解透视图;
图2是分配器的正视图;
图3是图2的垂直截面图,示出该装置装有食品;
图4是底部平面图;
图5是顶部平面图;
图6是与图1相比装置的相反侧的正视图;
图7是另一垂直截面图,但示出了底座中的不同类型的加重材料;以及
图8是示出食品正在从分配器中分配出来的分配器的透视图。
具体实施方式
图1示出了根据本发明的优选实施例中的分配器装置10。该分配器10包括三个主要部件,即主体12、底座14和互连件或组件28。互连组件能够通过螺纹与主体12接合。互连组件优选地摩擦接合并密封到底座14。
如图1所示,主体12具有顶16、上部分或层18、以及与上部分相比具有更大直径或尺寸的中间部分或层20。主体还包括下层或部分21,该下层或部分21与中间部分或层20相比具有更大的直径。因此,在比较顶16与下部分21的下边缘22时,主体12具有逐渐变大的尺寸。食品分配开口40形成在主体的壁中,并与主体内的开放的内部空间连通。食品通过动物倾斜/移位该装置而从开口40分配出来,使得一个或多个食品通过开口40掉落。正如所示的,开口40也是三层形状,具有较大的下部分或层、较小的中间部分或层、以及最小的上部分或上层。
对于底座14,其包括侧壁15、基本上平的下表面44、上边缘24、以及适于接收加重材料的内腔26,正如下面参照图3进一步描述的。
互连件或组件28的特征在于上延伸部37以及形成在该上延伸部37上的多个螺纹38。凸缘30形成组件28的下部分,周边的下延伸部32从凸缘30突出。
还参照图2和3,示出装置10被组装好,其中,加重材料,例如粒状材料50,填充底座14的腔26的一部分。所示的周边的下延伸部32被摩擦地接收在形成于底座14的上边缘24上的周边凹槽34内。盖36在之间延伸并连结到互连组件28,从而覆盖或包封腔26内的粒状材料50。此外,正如所示的,在粒状材料50的上表面与盖36的面向下的表面之间存在期望尺寸的间隙52。
期望的量和类型的粒状材料被放在底座14的腔26内。粒状材料的重量和体积将支配装置在倾斜时的运动/摆动。放在底座内的更重的材料将使装置更难倾斜、因此更难以分配可能存在于低于开口40的水平的高度处的食品。将更少体积的粒状材料放在腔26内能使粒状材料更容易地在装置倾斜或移位的方向上移动或运动,从而允许装置在旋转或摆动回到其直立位置之前在一段更长的时间内处于倾斜位置。本发明的该特定方面对于增加玩具的分配比率可以是有利的。在任何情况下,本发明的加重材料都不固定到底座,而是允许其根据由动物做出的与装置的接触而自然地移动或运动。
图4、5和6进一步示出本发明的成层或层叠结构,其中,底座占据更大的面积,装置的上部分在底座的上方居中。该布置允许装置具有稳定的底座,并且,在底座的腔中具有足够的重量的条件下,装置将倾向于运动到直立位置,在该直立位置,平的下表面44与其安装到的表面接触。该装置还关于纵向轴线X-X对称,如图6所示。
为了将食品装在主体内,从互连组件28上简单地拧下主体12,将食品放在主体12的内部开口内,然后将主体12重新附接到互连组件28。
图7示出了放在底座14的腔26中的不同类型的加重材料60。更具体地说,加重材料60被描绘为例如滚珠或小的加重球体。这种类型的材料会比粒状材料50更重,因此可以在腔中占据更小的体积。而且,与粒状材料50相比,材料60可以更容易地移动或运动。因此,在被动物接触时,该装置的运动或摆动特性将会改变,使得该装置在接触之后可以在倾斜位置保持更长的一段时间。
图8示出了使用中的装置,其中该装置已经倾斜,并且一些食品T已经从该装置中分配出来。正如所提及的,加重材料50/60的非静止(non-static)或活动(moveable)的能力为不同类型的装置的摆动或运动提供了机会,从而更加有选择地分配可与该分配器一起使用的不同类型的食品。在评估动物玩耍期间要分配的食品的期望量时,应当认识到食品的尺寸和形状也会影响所分配的食品的数量。
基于以上所述,食品分配装置和方法被提供用于通过动物的动作而选择性地分配食品。可以通过改变放在底座内的加重材料的量和类型来改变该装置的倾斜动作或运动。底座相对于主体可移除的方面允许宠物主人或护理者能够容易地为主体装填或装载食品。该特征还允许更好地接近内部,以清洁该装置。
虽然在优选的实施例中仅示出了一个食品开口40,但是应当理解,额外的开口40可以形成在主体上并围绕主体在不同的位置处间隔开,从而提供额外的机会使食品从装置分配出来。
虽然已经以优选的实施例公开了本发明,但是应当认识到可根据所附的权利要求的范围对本发明进行各种其它的改变和修改。
Claims (17)
1.一种用于分配食品的分配器,所述分配器包括:
主体,具有内部开口;
底座,可移除地连接到主体并具有形成在其中的腔;
互连组件和盖,互连组件用于将主体连接到底座,并且,盖安装到互连组件,用于覆盖底座的腔;
食品接收开口,形成在主体中,通过该食品接收开口分配食品;以及
加重的活动材料,设置在腔中。
2.如权利要求1所述的分配器,其中:
所述主体具有至少两个不同尺寸的部分。
3.如权利要求1所述的分配器,其中:
所述主体具有至少三个不同尺寸的部分。
4.如权利要求1所述的分配器,其中:
所述主体能够通过螺纹连接到所述底座。
5.如权利要求1所述的分配器,其中:
所述互连组件与所述底座摩擦接合,并且,所述盖将所述加重的活动材料密封在所述底座的腔内。
6.如权利要求1所述的分配器,其中:
所述食品接收开口邻近所述主体的下边缘形成在主体中。
7.如权利要求1所述的分配器,其中:
所述分配器包括多个所述食品接收开口。
8.如权利要求1所述的分配器,其中:
所述底座包括下部的平表面。
9.如权利要求1所述的分配器,其中:
所述加重的活动材料包括粒状材料。
10.如权利要求1所述的分配器,其中:
所述加重的活动材料包括多个滚珠。
11.如权利要求1所述的分配器,其中:
一间隙在所述盖的面向下的表面与所述加重的活动材料的上表面之间延伸。
12.一种在装置被摆弄该装置的动物接触时从该装置分配食品的方法,该方法包括:
提供:
(i)主体,具有内部开口;
(ii)底座,可移除地连接到主体并具有形成在其中的腔;
(iii)互连组件和盖,互连组件用于将主体连接到底座,并且,盖安装到互连组件,用于覆盖底座的腔;
(iv)食品接收开口,形成在主体中,通过该食品接收开口分配食品;
(v)加重的活动材料,设置在腔中;
从底座移除主体;
为主体装载选择好的食品;
将主体重新附接到底座;以及
使动物摆弄该装置,其中,该装置从正常的直立位置倾斜至倾斜位置,从而使食品通过至少一个所述食品接收开口分配出来。
13.如权利要求12所述的方法,还包括:
调节底座中的加重的活动材料的类型和/或量,从而有选择地改变该装置与动物接触而倾斜时的摆动特性。
14.如权利要求12所述的方法,其中:
所述加重的活动材料基于装置的运动而在所述腔内移动。
15.如权利要求14所述的方法,其中:
与假设加重的活动材料固定到底座相比,所述加重的活动材料的移动使该装置保持在倾斜位置一段更长的时间。
16.一种用于分配食品的分配器,所述分配器包括:
主体,具有内部开口;
底座,可移除地连接到主体并具有形成在其中的腔;
互连组件和盖,互连组件用于将主体连接到底座,并且,盖安装到互连组件,用于覆盖底座的腔;
食品接收开口,形成在主体中,通过该食品接收开口分配食品;以及
用于使分配器保持在正常直立的位置的装置,该装置响应于由动物接触所述分配器而引起的所述分配器的运动,在所述底座内保持是活动的。
17.如权利要求16所述的分配器,其中:
底座中用于保持的装置的类型和/或量被调节,从而有选择地改变所述分配器与动物接触而倾斜时的摆动特性。
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US12/579,043 US8225747B2 (en) | 2009-10-14 | 2009-10-14 | Treat dispenser for animals and method |
PCT/US2010/051269 WO2011046764A1 (en) | 2009-10-14 | 2010-10-04 | Treat dispenser for animals and method |
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WO2011046764A1 (en) | 2011-04-21 |
US20110083608A1 (en) | 2011-04-14 |
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AU2010307191B2 (en) | 2014-10-23 |
EP2488013B1 (en) | 2021-01-27 |
CA2777525A1 (en) | 2011-04-21 |
US8225747B2 (en) | 2012-07-24 |
CA2777525C (en) | 2015-09-08 |
AU2010307191A1 (en) | 2012-05-17 |
CN102665399A (zh) | 2012-09-12 |
EP2488013A4 (en) | 2017-12-27 |
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