CN102665291A - Method for physical sensor to realize multiple logical sensor - Google Patents

Method for physical sensor to realize multiple logical sensor Download PDF

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CN102665291A
CN102665291A CN2012100639995A CN201210063999A CN102665291A CN 102665291 A CN102665291 A CN 102665291A CN 2012100639995 A CN2012100639995 A CN 2012100639995A CN 201210063999 A CN201210063999 A CN 201210063999A CN 102665291 A CN102665291 A CN 102665291A
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physical sensors
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CN102665291B (en
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罗五明
毕瑛炜
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Military Transportation Research Institute of General Logistics Department of PLA
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Abstract

The invention discloses a sensor node system with a multiple logical sensor function to meet diverse needs of state data sampling of a sensor node in actual application. The method for a physical sensor to realize a multiple logical sensor provided by the invention is to employa software technology to further diversifiedly calculate the data after physical sensor sampling on the hardware basis of the physical sensor to realize the packaging of a plurality of specific perception functions of the physical sensor. The realization of the method comprises the storage organization mode of physical sensor data, the mapping mode of the physical sensor tothe multiple logical sensor, the configuration ofthe logic sensor and the operation control ofthe logic sensor. The method for realizing multiple logical sensorfunctions provided by the invention can be absolutely applied to the sensor node of wireless sensor network.

Description

Physical sensors is realized the method for many logical sensors
Technical field
The present invention relates to radio communication and sensor technical field, more particularly, relate to a kind of sensor node system that contains many logical sensors function.
Background technology
Along with the raising that Transport Safety in the supply chain is required; The transportation related side is except the static attribute (like the owner of cargo, title, kind, quantity etc.) of the article of transporting in the GPRS container; Also need control the process status (unpack like temperature, humidity, vibration and illegal etc.) of article in the container; The simple REID that adopts is difficult to satisfy the demands, and also needs the integrated sensor technology to realize these requirements, and the fusion of radio frequency identification and transducer is the inexorable trend of current techniques development.In the sensing radio-frequency recognition system of radio frequency identification and sensor fusion design, mainly be in active RF tag, to add transducer to realize, promptly form the wireless sensor network of a single-hop.
The sensing radio-frequency recognition system mainly is made up of three parts such as sensing label, read write line and daemon softwares, and is as shown in Figure 1.Sensing label is integrated a plurality of physical sensors on the basis of common active RFID tag; Form the sensor node in the wireless sensor network; Except the quick acquisition function of the data with active RFID tag, it also is responsible for sensors configured performance parameter, the relevant sensing data with storage of collection, the relevant sensing data of transmission to sensor node functions such as read write lines; Read write line is on the radio-frequency identification reader/writer basis, adds the sensor related data processing capacity, the aggregation node in the similar wireless sensor network; Daemon software carries out the stores processor of sensing data and related data.Adopt the wireless communication protocol of radio-frequency recognition system between sensing label and the read write line.
Sensing label (being sensor node) is in actual application; Single temperature physical sensors can be realized the sampling to current temperature value; But be difficult to satisfy diversified perception demand in the practical application; Like sensing label in the container transport applications; There is multifarious application demand in the transportation related side to goods and materials condition monitoring in the container, and with regard to temperature sensor, sensing label needs maximum temperature, minimum temperature and the mean temperature in goods and materials a period of time in the monitoring containers, surpasses the multiple functional requirements such as temperature conditions of setting threshold.Adopt the logical sensor technology can solve above-mentioned practical application requirements.
Logical sensor is the function expansion of physical sensors and extends that it is on the hardware foundation of physical sensors, through software engineering specific perceptional function is encapsulated, and is to the further processing after the physical sensors sampled data.Physical sensors can corresponding a plurality of logical sensors, and each logical sensor is one of them perceptional function that physical sensors is realized, can serve as similar physical sensors.Like the physical sensors as far as the measurement temperature, maximum logical sensor function is the maximum of record physical sensors temperature between sampling period, and mean value logical sensor function is mean value of record temperature between sampling period or the like, and is as shown in Figure 1.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is, overcomes the deficiency that exists in the existing physical sensors technology, and a kind of sensor node system with many logical sensors function is provided, and satisfies the diversity demand of sensor node status data sampling in practical application.
Physical sensors is realized the method for many logical sensors among the present invention; Promptly be on the hardware foundation of a physical sensors; Through software engineering the further variation of physical sensors sampling back data is calculated, realize encapsulation process a plurality of specific perceptional functions of physical sensors.
A kind of physical sensors is realized the method for many logical sensors; It is characterized in that; Be on the hardware foundation of physical sensors; Through software to one or more physical sensors related datas in the sensor node carry out storage organization, single physical sensors to many logical sensors shine upon, the configuration of many logical sensors and logical sensor operation control, realize encapsulation process to a plurality of specific perceptional functions of physical sensors in the sensor node;
One or more physical sensors related data storage organizations adopt the forms modes storage in the said sensor node, the unique identification spreadsheet of transducer that every record comprises a physical sensors, characteristic spreadsheet, sensor sample parameter configuration table and the logic sensing data address field of transducer; Global unique identifier of the unique identification electronic data of said transducer table record transducer; The sensor characteristics spreadsheet is used for the transducer self-description data; The sensor sample parameter configuration table is the configuration parameter of record physical sensors sampling; The logical sensor data address is to point to the memory space of logical sensor " sampling " data; For the logical sensor sampled data of each forms data value is provided with fixing address space respectively, the logical sensor data set of all continuous samplings only is provided with a shared memory space.
Said single physical sensors adopts following mode to the mapping of many logical sensors: have " logical sensor mapping " field to be used to define the pairing a plurality of logical sensors of physical sensors in the sensor node in the sensor characteristics spreadsheet of physical sensors; " logical sensor mapping " field is used to define this physical sensors institute counterlogic type of sensor; This field length is totally 16 of 2 bytes; Different code bit definition different logical transducers is " 0 through " logical sensor mapping " code bit 2" still be " 1 2" the corresponding logical sensor of physical sensors is set " opens " or " pass " state;
All logical sensors that said many logical sensors are configured to a physical sensors all adopt identical configuration mode, and the parameter of configuration has: begin sampling time, sampling interval, sensor states, sampled data length, report to the police and preset, report to the police triggering setting, alarm condition, low alarm setting and high alarm setting;
Said logical sensor operation control is after sensor node is configured; The sensor node processes device starts physical sensors; Detect the unlatching situation of the pairing logical sensor of physical sensors simultaneously; Logical sensor to opening calls the corresponding implementation algorithm, and result of calculation is stored.
The field of characteristic spreadsheet, sensor sample parameter configuration table and the sensing data address of the unique identification spreadsheet of the transducer of said physical sensors, transducer comprises the length of field, and the length of said field defines according to tables of data.
" logical sensor mapping " field in the said sensor characteristics spreadsheet comprises field type and field quantity, and said field length and group/cording quantity define according to tables of data.
Said beginning sampling time, sampling interval, sensor states, sampled data length, report to the police to preset, report to the police and trigger setting, alarm condition, low alarm setting, the configuration parameter type of high alarm setting, length and define according to tables of data.
The invention provides a physical sensors and realize the implementation method of a plurality of logical sensor functions, obtained actual effect preferably through experiment.The first, this method can make a physical sensors realize the function of a plurality of logical sensors, satisfies diversified perception demand in the practical application; Second; Similar physical sensors number reduces because of adopting the energy of physical sensors loss in the sensing label thereby this method reduces; " sampling " data of logical sensor are the data after the statistics, reduce taking memory space, can alleviate the pressure of the limited memory space of sensing label; The 3rd, sensing label is born the Sensor section computing function, has reduced the data wireless transmission quantity, can alleviate the calculating and the storage pressure of upper layer software (applications).
Similarly; For the sensor node of wireless sensor network, its memory space and finite energy also can exist in practical application the diversified perception demand of same type of sensor; Many logical sensors function implementation method provided by the invention fully can the sensor node of employing wireless sensor network on; Satisfy multiple actual demand, reduce the wireless communication data amount, reduce memory space and the calculating pressure that alleviates upper application software.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that the sensing radio-frequency recognition system is formed framework;
Fig. 2 is a sensing data storage organization in the sensor node.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is done and to further describe.
1. logical sensor definition
To any physical sensors in the sensing label, all make up the virtual spreadsheet data file of compact mode, realize the self-described function of physical sensors through spreadsheet.
In order to define logical sensor, in each the physical sensors self-described electronic data list file in the sensing label, all be designed with " logical sensor mapping " field, be mainly used in this physical sensors institute counterlogic type of sensor of definition.This field length is 2 bytes (totally 16, code is the 0-15 position), is " 0 through " logical sensor mapping " code bit 2" still be " 1 2" the corresponding logical sensor of physical sensors is set " opens " or " pass " state.
Table 1 has been listed the data type of the pairing logical sensor kind of 16 bit value, logical sensor " sampling " data in " logical sensor mapping " field.Wherein the 10-15 position is for keeping the position, so that expand corresponding logical sensor function according to the actual requirements.For example, if " logical sensor mapping " the field assignment in the physical sensors characteristic spreadsheet is 7000 16The time, the position is mapped as 0111000000000000 2, the 1st, 2,3 is set to " 1 2", the expression opening, other position is set to " 0 2", the expression closed condition representes that then physical sensors opened following 3 logical sensor functions: maximum logical sensor (the 1st), minimum value logical sensor (the 2nd) and mean value logical sensor (the 3rd).
Table 1 logical sensor definition list
Figure BDA0000142780500000061
Because the memory space that the logical sensor of stored data sets needs is bigger, and size can not expect, unlatching (can set logic yet and can only open) is not set as the logical sensor of the 7th, 8 and 9 mappings of code in the table 1 simultaneously.Even two or three are provided with unlatching simultaneously; Because the data of its storage have more overlapping in terms of content; Can select the data set of a most detailed logical sensor of sensing data recorded content to store, other data set generates according to this data set, thereby reduces memory space.
2. sensor sample parameter configuration
Strictly speaking; Should carry out parameter configuration to the data sampling of each logical sensor; But generally speaking; The sampling parameter of Different Logic sensor settings is basic identical in the same physical sensors, and the realistic meaning that each logical sensor is configured is not too big, has increased the complexity of system yet.This method only adopts the physical sensors sampling parameter is configured, and all logical sensor sampling parameters that this physical sensors is corresponding are identical with it.As shown in table 2 to physical sensors sampling parameter fields configured.
Table 2 physical sensors sampling parameter configuration field
Figure BDA0000142780500000071
The implication and the setting of each field in the explanation sensor sample allocation list below, wherein:
Setup time and beginning sampling time.Data format adopts the UTC timestamp, begins from 1970-01-0100:00:00, and during configuration, real-time clock should be arranged to totally 32 of 4 bytes, is accurate to 1 second.
Sampling interval.Sampling interval is the time span of the double sampled data of transducer.Sampling interval is expressed as 16 codings.When the highest order coding is configured to 0 2The time, sampling time interval is by second calculating; When the highest order coding is configured to 1 2The time, sampling time interval calculates by dividing; 15 remaining binary system unsigned numbers that can be encoded into 15, express time second number or the number of minutes at interval, coding 0000000000000000 2Be used to represent continuous sampling.
Whether sensor states essential record physical sensors can use; Sensing data length is represented the byte number of sensor sample data; Whether warning is preset the expression transducer and is reported to the police and when report to the police; Report to the police and trigger to be provided with to represent whether upload data after the sensor record warning sampled data; Alarm condition representes whether be in alarm condition when front sensor.Sensor states, sensing data length, report to the police preset, report to the police trigger be provided with and alarm condition altogether byte length be 1 byte, in the byte each be provided with as shown in table 2.
Low alarm setting and high alarm setting are the high low level threshold values that the sensor-triggered of setting is reported to the police.For example be-10 ℃ to+75 ℃ temperature sensor for temperature-measuring range, the low level threshold setting is-1 ℃, and high-order threshold setting is+28 ℃, and the decimal system threshold value that sets need convert binary numeral on request to.
3. logical sensor realization mechanism
The function that logical sensor is mapped as logical sensor defines; Logical sensor sampling parameter configuration record the basic parameter of sampling of transducer, introduce storage organization pattern, the operating mechanism of logical sensor and the algorithm of logical sensor function of logical sensor data in sensing label below and realize.
3.1 sensor senses data storage organization pattern
The memory space of sensing label is mainly used in storage relative article static attribute information and sensor sample information.In practical application, because sensing data is gathered for a long time, need bigger memory space, and the sensing label limited storage space.Thereby the basic principle of system design is that storage is designed to cramped construction in the sensing label, reduces the memory space of sensing label, and the work of a large amount of memory spaces of needs and complicated calculations is placed in the read write line.
Because dynamic assigning memory can cause the bigger expense of system in sensing label; We adopt forms mode to the organizational form of sensor related data in the sensing label, write down the fields such as characteristic spreadsheet, sensor sample parameter configuration table, sensing data address of the unique identification spreadsheet of transducer, the transducer of each physical sensors successively.Wherein, The unique recognition coding in the unique identification spreadsheet of the transducer essential record physical sensors whole world; The sensor characteristics spreadsheet carries out transducer self-described, includes " logical sensor mapping " field and is used to define the corresponding logical sensor of physical sensors, and the sensor sample configuration mainly is the configuration parameter of record physical sensors sampling; The logical sensor data address is pointed to the memory space of logical sensor " sampling " data; Wherein the logical sensor sampled data of forms data value is provided with fixing address space respectively, and the logical sensor data set of continuous sampling only is provided with a shared continuous sampling memory space, and is as shown in Figure 2.For the storage of long-time continuous sampled data, can adopt storage policies such as " memory space completely then stops ", " circulation storage ".
3.2 sensor parameters configuration flow
As far as the logical sensor function, need the sensor parameters of configuration to mainly contain contents such as " logical sensor mapping " and sensor sample parameter.After read write line sent to sensing label with relevant parameter with wireless mode, sensing label was provided with the concrete numerical value of " logical sensor mapping " and sensor sample parameter through the table handling addressing, realized the operation control of logical sensor.
3.3 the operation of logical sensor function realizes
Be example so that temperature, humidity and three physical sensors of vibration to be arranged in the sensing label (sensor node) below, transducer number is respectively SENSOR1, SENSOR2 and SENSOR 3, and the operation of analyzing logical sensor function in the sensing label realizes.
3.3.1 physical sensors operation control
MCU is to three physical sensors in the sensing label in the sensing label (sensor node)
The false code that realizes control is following:
Wherein, handle when physical sensors starts and call function IMPLEMENTSENSOR during to the sampling time (transducer number) handles physical sensors sampling and follow-up data.
3.3.2 the mapping of physical sensors and a plurality of logical sensors
To any one physical sensors in the sensing label (sensor node), the function of corresponding a plurality of logical sensors realizes it being through call function IMPLEMENTSENSOR (transducer number).The false code that its function is realized is following:
Figure BDA0000142780500000102
Figure BDA0000142780500000111
Wherein, PHYSENSORCOLLECT () is the physical sensors sampling function, the sampling sensor currency; After obtaining sampled value, compare with setting threshold; If surpass setting threshold, according to warning parameter determining be set and whether report to the police, and judge whether sampled value is uploaded.Then, judging whether to call the counterlogic transducer according to the numerical value of " logical sensor mapping " field meta carries out " sampling " and handles.The function that calls under the CASE condition all is single logical sensor function treatment function, realizes currency, maximum and minimum value logical sensor function respectively like function G ETPRESENTVALUE (), GETMAXVALUE (), GETMINVALUE () etc.3.3.3 single logical sensor function implementation algorithm
Realize for each logical sensor function, need write concrete logical sensor function and realize function.Because currency, maximum, minimum value, mean value, variance, surpass maximum record number of times, the data that surpass logical sensors " sampling " such as minimum value record number of times adopt forms data to store in sensing label, thereby in the function realization, have related algorithm.Promptly how obtain this " sampling " value of logical sensor through logical sensor " sampling " value last time and current physical sensors sampled value.Each logical sensor all has an implementation algorithm, describes its algorithm as an example with the mean value logical sensor below and realizes.
The logical sensor of averaging realizes that the algorithm of function G ETAVERAGEVALUE () is following:
I) the 1st collection value of physical sensors is N 0, average
Figure BDA0000142780500000121
Establish ii) that the n time (n>=1) mean value logical sensor calculate average is
Figure BDA0000142780500000122
Iii) the inferior physical sensors sampled value of n+1 (n>=1) is N nThen the average in n+1 sampling of mean value logical sensor does
Figure BDA0000142780500000123
3.4 read write line is to the visit of logical sensor data
Read write line sends the instruction of reading the logical sensor data according to the instruction of daemon software with wireless mode to sensing label.After sensing label receives the instruction of read write line, call its intrinsic function the logical sensor data are conducted interviews.Intrinsic function at first finds sensing data storage list space in the sensing label memory space; In table space, find the physical sensors corresponding record; Find " sampling " numerical value of counterlogic transducer according to the logical sensor address data memory; As shown in Figure 2, and will be somebody's turn to do the primary control program that " sampling " numerical value and physical sensors characteristic spreadsheet and sensor sample parameter return to sensing label.The sensing label primary control program feeds back to read write line with above-mentioned three types of numerical value with wireless mode; Read write line is according to physical sensors characteristic spreadsheet and sensor sample parameter; In conjunction with the built-in data template of read write line; Come " sampling " numerical value of resolution logic transducer, and can give the actual physical meaning.Logical sensor " sampling " The data XML language after read write line will be resolved is packed, and the daemon software that is transferred to the upper strata is handled.
4. embodiment
Based on the implementation method of the many logical sensors of sensor node of the present invention, designed and developed the sensing radio-frequency recognition system that is used for goods and materials temperature, humidity, vibration and antitheft in the monitoring containers.This system has outside the general utility functions of active radio frequency identification; Also dynamically physical sensors such as temperature are configured; As can be used to the logical sensor function such as currency, maximum, minimum value, average of goods and materials temperature in the monitoring containers case; The sensor sample value has surpassed setting threshold also can be implemented to report to the police, and the parameter configuration of transducer and the collection of sensing data all are the wireless communication protocols through radio frequency identification.This sensing radio-frequency recognition system has been obtained success in the application testing at container transportation scene.

Claims (4)

1. a physical sensors is realized the method for many logical sensors; It is characterized in that; Be on the hardware foundation of physical sensors; Through software to one or more physical sensors related datas in the sensor node carry out storage organization, single physical sensors to many logical sensors shine upon, the configuration of many logical sensors and logical sensor operation control, realize encapsulation process to a plurality of specific perceptional functions of physical sensors in the sensor node;
One or more physical sensors related data storage organizations adopt the forms modes storage in the said sensor node, the unique identification spreadsheet of transducer that every record comprises a physical sensors, characteristic spreadsheet, sensor sample parameter configuration table and the logic sensing data address field of transducer; Global unique identifier of the unique identification electronic data of said transducer table record transducer; The sensor characteristics spreadsheet is used for the transducer self-description data; The sensor sample parameter configuration table is the configuration parameter of record physical sensors sampling; The logical sensor data address is to point to the memory space of logical sensor " sampling " data; For the logical sensor sampled data of each forms data value is provided with fixing address space respectively, the logical sensor data set of all continuous samplings only is provided with a shared memory space.
Said single physical sensors adopts following mode to the mapping of many logical sensors: have " logical sensor mapping " field to be used to define the pairing a plurality of logical sensors of physical sensors in the sensor node in the sensor characteristics spreadsheet of physical sensors; " logical sensor mapping " field is used to define this physical sensors institute counterlogic type of sensor; This field length is totally 16 of 2 bytes; Different code bit definition different logical transducers is " 0 through " logical sensor mapping " code bit 2" still be " 1 2" the corresponding logical sensor of physical sensors is set " opens " or " pass " state;
All logical sensors that said many logical sensors are configured to a physical sensors all adopt identical configuration mode, and the parameter of configuration has: begin sampling time, sampling interval, sensor states, sampled data length, report to the police and preset, report to the police triggering setting, alarm condition, low alarm setting and high alarm setting;
Said logical sensor operation control is after sensor node is configured; The sensor node processes device starts physical sensors; Detect the unlatching situation of the pairing logical sensor of physical sensors simultaneously; Logical sensor to opening calls the corresponding implementation algorithm, and result of calculation is stored.
2. physical sensors according to claim 1 is realized the method for many logical sensors; It is characterized in that; The field of characteristic spreadsheet, sensor sample parameter configuration table and the sensing data address of the unique identification spreadsheet of the transducer of said physical sensors, transducer comprises the length of field, and the length of said field defines according to tables of data.
3. physical sensors according to claim 1 is realized the method for many logical sensors; It is characterized in that; " logical sensor mapping " field in the said sensor characteristics spreadsheet comprises field type and field quantity, and said field length and group/cording quantity define according to tables of data.
4. physical sensors according to claim 1 is realized the method for many logical sensors; It is characterized in that, said beginning sampling time, sampling interval, sensor states, sampled data length, report to the police to preset, report to the police and trigger setting, alarm condition, low alarm setting, the configuration parameter type of high alarm setting, length and define according to tables of data.
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