CN102663160A - Method for constructing three-dimensional physical circuit design model - Google Patents
Method for constructing three-dimensional physical circuit design model Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for constructing a three-dimensional physical circuit design model. The method comprises the following steps: forming a three-dimensional model data structure by opening circuit physical design model files and circuit process design files and extracting data in the files; and plotting an upper surface, a lower surface and side surfaces of the model according to the three-dimensional model data structure to form the three-dimensional model, and determining a coordinate system of the three-dimensional model to display the model in the coordinate system. According to the invention, a method for constructing a three-dimensional physical circuit design model is realized. The method provides vision operation and intuitive operation to circuit physical designs, thereby improving design efficiency and making up shortages in conventional two-dimensional physical circuit designs effectively.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of electron design automation, relate in particular to a kind of method that makes up three-dimensional physics circuit design model.
Background technology
RF IC is meant the radio circuit that uses the semiconductor integrated circuit technique fabrication techniques, and it is little, low in energy consumption to have a volume, characteristics such as reliability height.Common radio circuit has: low noise amplifier, power amplifier, oscillator and frequency mixer etc.; Their frequency of operation from hundreds of MHz to several GHz, tens GHz do not wait; Be the very important signal processing module of Wireless Telecom Equipment, its performance quality directly influences product quality.
In recent years, the wireless communication technology development is rapid, and wireless product is widely used in the various aspects of people's life, and RF IC is also had higher requirement, and requires to have more excellent signal handling capacity and shorter product development cycle.
Yet, traditional physical circuit design a model be subject to its use be the two dimension the view mode, so in design operation; The deviser is difficult to intuitive ground and carries out the design of physical circuit; The deviser often needs to switch between each level in physical circuit of expensive time, even like this, also is difficult to directly compare the relation between each level in the physical circuit; For the domain that is used to optimize circuit parameter and circuit, the result but produces little effect equally.So the deviser just has in the view of two dimension, imagine three-dimensional view, so just reduced the rationality and the efficient of design, not only increase the Products Development cycle, but also increased the Products Development cost.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention provides a kind of display effect of improving the circuit design physical model; And can simplify appearing of each level in the three-dimensional model, improve the method for the three-dimensional physics circuit design of the structure model of three-dimensional physics circuit model design efficiency.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme in order to solve the problems of the technologies described above: the present invention has designed a kind of method that makes up three-dimensional physics circuit design model, and this method comprises the steps:
(1) two-dimensional coordinate that extracts in the circuit design file forms the three-dimensional modeling data structure with layer information data;
(2) according to the three-dimensional modeling data structure, the top and bottom and the side of rendering model form three-dimensional model respectively, and confirm its coordinate system, make this models show wherein.
As a kind of optimization method of the present invention: adopt the function top and bottom and the side of rendering model respectively in the OpenGL storehouse in the said step (2), form three-dimensional model.
As a kind of optimization method of the present invention: the function in the said employing OpenGL storehouse is the top and bottom and the side of simulation respectively, comprises the steps:
(ⅰ) according to the three-dimensional coordinate of every layer of upper and lower surfaces each point in the three-dimensional modeling data structure; In the OpenGL storehouse between function gluTessBeginPolygon and the gluTessBeginContour repeatedly call function gluTessVertex promptly draw out the upper and lower surfaces of model to set the three-dimensional coordinate of each point by OpenGL;
(ⅱ) can confirm the coordinate on 4 summits of respective side according to the corresponding coordinate in every layer of upper and lower surfaces edge in the three-dimensional modeling data structure; In the OpenGL storehouse, call 4 gluTessVertex between function glBegin (GL_QUADS) and the glEnd () to set the three-dimensional coordinate on 4 summits of respective side, promptly draw out the respective side of model by OpenGL;
The function glColor that (ⅲ) calls in the OpenGL storehouse draws various colors to every layer of three-dimensional model.
As a kind of optimization method of the present invention: also comprise afterwards in step (2) three-dimensional model is carried out the section cutting, the new three-dimensional modeling data structure of back formation is accomplished in cutting.
As a kind of optimization method of the present invention: saidly three-dimensional model is carried out the section cutting comprise the steps:
(ⅰ) cutting of three-dimensional model section is converted into line of cut and polygonal cutting problem; Intersection point calculation after line of cut and polygon intersected is come out; The number of guaranteeing intersection point is an even number, and it is matched in twos, is inserted in the oriented sequence on each summit of former polygon;
(ⅱ) the new oriented sequence of traversal, run into first intersection point after, continue traversal; Up to running into another intersection point of pairing with it, at this moment, the sequence between this two intersection point and two intersection points forms a new closed loop; Be new polygon, wherein, when two other pairing intersection point is also arranged between two pairing intersection points; Preferentially mate them, and the sequence after them is restarted traversal;
(ⅲ) adopt same direction to travel through, accomplish up to all some traversals for remaining sequence;
(ⅳ),, be translated into three-dimensional coordinate, form new three-dimensional modeling data structure through mapping for each summit on the new polygon of cutting back formation.
A kind of method that makes up three-dimensional physics circuit design model according to the invention adopts above technical scheme compared with prior art; Has following technique effect: the operation of vision and intuition when the circuit physical Design is provided; Thereby improved design efficiency, the deficiency when having remedied the design of conventional two-dimensional physical circuit effectively.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a method flow diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is for carrying out the synoptic diagram of section cutting to three-dimensional model;
Fig. 3 is for carrying out the synoptic diagram of section cutting to three-dimensional model;
Fig. 4 is for carrying out the synoptic diagram of section cutting to three-dimensional model.
Embodiment
Do further detailed explanation below in conjunction with the Figure of description specific embodiments of the invention.
A kind of method that makes up three-dimensional physics circuit design model of the present invention's design; The concrete OpenGL of employing makes up three-dimensional model; Use Qt and the common construction platform of OpenGL, Qt is used to build the GUI application framework, and OpenGL graphical tool storehouse then is used for making up the 3-D display platform.
Wherein, Qt is a cross-platform C++ graphical user interface application program frame of Nokia's exploitation.It offers application developer and sets up the required all functions of state-of-the-art graphic user interface.Qt is OO fully, and be easy to expand, and allow component programming veritably.
Since 1996 in early time, Qt gets into commercial field, and it has become the basis of thousands of kinds of successful application programs in the worldwide.Qt also is the basis of popular Linux desktop environment KDE.Basically, Qt is with the Motif on the X Window, Openwin; MFC on GTK figures interface database and the windows platform, OWL, VCL; ATL is a thing of the same type, but Qt has good cross-platform characteristic and object-oriented, has abundant API and a large amount of advantages such as exploitation document.
GUI is a graphic user interface, is meant the computer operation user interface that adopts graphics mode to show.
OpenGL (writing Open Graphics Library entirely) has defined a specification of striding programming language, cross-platform DLL, and it is used for three-dimensional image (two dimension also can).OpenGL is the graphic package interface of specialty, be one powerful, call bottom shape library easily.OpenGL is the 2D/3D figure API that the most extensively admits in the industry field, and it has expedited the emergence of the thousands of outstanding application program on various computer platforms and the equipment so far from being born.
OpenGL is independent of Windows or other operating system, also is network readezvous point.In comprising industry fields such as CAD, content creation, the energy, amusement, development of games, manufacturing industry, pharmacy industry and virtual reality, the high visual performance that OpenGL helper person is implemented in high-performance on the hardware devices such as PC, workstation, supercomputer, have an impulsive force is tried hard to the exploitation of shape process software.The predecessor of OpenGL is the IRIS GL of SGI company for its graphics workstation exploitation.IRIS GL is the 3D graphics software interface of an industrial standard, though the powerful transplantability of function is bad, so SGI company has just developed OpenGL on the basis of IRIS GL.The English full name of OpenGL is " Open Graphics Library ", and as its name suggests, OpenGL is " an open graphic package interface ".Though DirectX is leading comprehensively in family expenses market, in the high-end drawing of specialty field, OpenGL is can not substituted leading role.
OpenGL is and the software interface of hardware independent, can between different platforms such as Windows 95, Windows NT, Unix, Linux, MacOS, OS/2, transplant.Therefore, support the software of OpenGL to have good transplantability, can obtain to use very widely.Because OpenGL is the bottom shape library of figure, and the geometry entity pel is not provided, can not be directly in order to describe scene.But, through some converse routines, the summit array that DXF that can be easily 3D graphic design softwares such as AutoCAD, 3DS/3DSMAX be made and 3DS model file convert OpenGL to.
Window coordinates be X axle positive dirction level to the right, Y axle negative direction vertically downward, the definition view centre coordinate be (0,0), the viewport height and the width are maximal value and the minimum difference of model coordinate Y and X.
Wherein, in computer realm, application window comprises many elements, like title block, menu bar, toolbar, minimize, maximize button etc., the part that is used for graphic presentation in this application window is view.
Viewport is exactly the rectangle of two dimension, and a viewport is exactly the rectangle of a two dimension, is actual screen display area.Three-dimensional scenic then is projected in this rectangle, and existing display packing basically all is the corresponding viewport of a view, so their viewing area size is identical.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention has designed a kind of method that makes up three-dimensional physics circuit design model, and this method is carried out according to following steps:
(1) opens software; Can open through the gui interface form; Or open circuit physical Design model file (* .geom) and circuit technology design document (* .lyr) through order line, and triangle gridding subdivision file (* .mesh) can be used as optional file and opens;
(2) two-dimensional coordinate and the layer information data in the circuit technology design document (* .lyr) extracted in the circuit physical Design model file (* .geom) form the three-dimensional modeling data structure;
(3) according to the three-dimensional modeling data structure, adopt the top and bottom and the side of the function difference rendering model in the OpenGL storehouse, form three-dimensional model, and confirm its coordinate system, make this models show wherein;
(4) get into the event message circulation, wait for the keyboard and mouse incident, have following three kinds of incidents available:
If 1. select convergent-divergent, translation, rotation mouse event; Origin coordinates when then pressing and terminal point coordinate according to mouse; Calculate the rotation matrix conversion, after redrawing, three-dimensional model is in new position with the new anglec of rotation; Said like this three-dimensional model can be realized the interactive operation of three-dimensional model rotation, convergent-divergent, translation through the matrixing among the OpenGL.
If 2. select cutting operation; Then three-dimensional model is carried out the operation of section cutting, calculate the remaining mould shapes in cutting back, form new three-dimensional modeling data structure and return step (3) according to the cut surface after confirming; Adopt the function in the OpenGL storehouse to draw new three-dimensional model; And the model part that will need not show is hiding, and then gets into the event message circulation, waits for the keyboard and mouse incident.
Three-dimensional model is carried out the operation of section cutting; Be to let the deviser can observe the cross section of three-dimensional model, after cutting is accomplished, formed new three-dimensional modeling data structure, turn back to step (3) this moment in order to realize; Drafting through function in the OpenGL storehouse; Generate the new three-dimensional model in the cross section that can observe former three-dimensional model, and then got into the event message circulation, waited for the keyboard and mouse incident.
If 3. shutoff operation is then closed software.
Wherein adopt the function top and bottom and the side of rendering model successively in the OpenGL storehouse, comprise the steps:
(ⅰ) according to the three-dimensional coordinate of every layer of upper and lower surfaces each point in the three-dimensional modeling data structure; In the OpenGL storehouse between function gluTessBeginPolygon and the gluTessBeginContour repeatedly call function gluTessVertex promptly draw out the upper and lower surfaces of model to set the three-dimensional coordinate of each point by OpenGL;
(ⅱ) owing to the side of three-dimensional model is made up of a plurality of quadrilaterals; Can confirm the coordinate on 4 summits of respective side according to the coordinate of every layer of upper and lower surfaces edge correspondence in the three-dimensional modeling data structure; In the OpenGL storehouse, call 4 gluTessVertex between function glBegin (GL_QUADS) and the glEnd () to set the three-dimensional coordinate on 4 summits of respective side, promptly draw out the respective side of model by OpenGL;
The function glColor that (ⅲ) calls in the OpenGL storehouse draws various colors to every layer of three-dimensional model.
For described in the step three-dimensional model being carried out the operation that section cuts, comprise the steps:
(ⅰ) since current cutting planes with to be cut the plane vertical; The cutting of three-dimensional model section is converted into line of cut and polygonal cutting problem; Intersection point calculation after line of cut and polygon intersected is come out; The number of guaranteeing intersection point is an even number, and it is matched in twos, is inserted in the oriented sequence on each summit of former polygon;
(ⅱ) the new oriented sequence of traversal, run into first intersection point after, continue traversal; Up to running into another intersection point of pairing with it, at this moment, the sequence between this two intersection point and two intersection points forms a new closed loop; Be new polygon, wherein, when two pairings also have two other pairing intersection points between the intersection points; Preferentially mate them, and the sequence after them is restarted traversal;
(ⅲ) adopt same direction to travel through, accomplish up to all some traversals for remaining sequence;
(ⅳ),, be translated into three-dimensional coordinate, the new three-dimensional modeling data structure of formation through mapping for each summit on the new polygon of cutting back formation.
Carry out the section step of cutting to above-mentioned three-dimensional model, specific operation process is following:
(a) add that by two dimensional surface thickness constitutes because three-dimensional model information is actual, and the section cutting is to use the face perpendicular to these two dimensional surfaces to cut at present, thereby can be converted into a cutting line segment cutting two dimensional surface.
(b) the two dimensional surface cutting can be divided into following two kinds of situation: a kind of two polygons as shown in Figure 2, and the cutting line segment is an odd number with the intersection point number that is cut the plane; Another kind of two polygons as shown in Figure 3, the cutting line segment is an even number with the intersection point number that is cut the plane.
(c) for problem reduction, if run into the situation of Fig. 2,, thereby be translated into situation shown in Figure 3 then with the small distance in the relative origin-location of line of cut field offset, promptly cutting line segment is even number with the intersection point number that is cut the plane.
(d) with Fig. 4 be example, plane F by P1 to P14 totally 14 points form, cutting line segment S cuts into three polygons with plane F, and 4 intersection point A, B, C, D are arranged;
(e) begun by P1, with P1, line segment that P2 forms and cutting line segment S find intersection obtain intersection point D, and D are inserted among P1 and the P2, form new sequence;
(f) repeating step (e), with P2, line segment that P3 forms and cutting line segment S find intersection if intersection point is arranged, are inserted into P2, and among the P3, the rest may be inferred, and the line segment that plane F is all is with cutting line segment S find intersection and after being inserted into sequence, and new sequence forms;
(g) according to step (f), the generation of A, B, C, four intersection points of D is D in proper order, A, and B, C presses it from left to right or series arrangement from right to left; Obtain A, B, C, D, or D; C, B, A matches it more in twos, i.e. A; B is a pair of, and C, D are a pair of, because the number of intersection point is an even number, therefore has a few and all will match;
(h) begun by P1, the new sequence that step (f) is formed travels through, and when P1 runs into intersection point D at the back, makes a sign 1.; And according to the pairing result that step (g) obtains can know with D pairing be intersection point C, and continue traversal, obtain next intersection point and be a some A, unpaired with a D; At this moment, mark again 2., continue traversal, find and put the some B of A pairing earlier; With the some A that writes down in the ergodic process, P4, P5, the B each point is formed first polygon; Continue traversal, find and put the some C of D pairing, will put D, P2, P3, A, B, P6, P7, the C each point is formed second polygon; Continue traversal, remaining point is formed the 3rd polygon.Like this, three polygons of cutting back formation just calculate and have accomplished.
Wherein, circuit physical Design model file (* .geom) is in the domain of integrated circuit according to design, constitutes the coordinate position of each plane geometric figure and the file that generates.It has comprised the information of circuit design midplane figure, is to produce the necessary file of three-dimensional picture, on its basis, does highly to extend to obtain three-dimensional picture.
Circuit technology design document (* .lyr) has comprised in the IC design, the technology information that all are corresponding, the information that comprises has: which floor chip has, how thick each layer have, what the material of each layer is, the electrical specification of material be what etc. technical information.These information are necessary when carrying out the emulation of 3 D electromagnetic field.
For triangle gridding subdivision file (* .mesh), in the design of integrated circuit, need carry out the triangle gridding subdivision to the domain of integrated circuit of design; Can complete geometric figure subdivision be one by one little triangle in this process; And triangle gridding subdivision file (* .mesh) has just comprised these little leg-of-mutton coordinates, number, end points coordinate; Information such as line segment coordinate, these information are that the emulation of 3 D electromagnetic field is necessary.
For the demonstration of three-dimensional model, a physical model finally shows on screen, and intermediate demand comprises view, model and projection operation through the multistep conversion, and these operations comprise rotation, mobile, convergent-divergent, reflection, orthogonal projection and perspective projection etc.These conversion represent that with matrix multiplication every kind of conversion all can be created a matrix.Generally speaking, when drawing, need make up several kinds of conversion of use.
View transformation is used to specify the position and the direction of observation point; The purpose of model transferring then is position and the direction that model is set; The two has certain something in common from essence, as both coming to observe model from all directions through moving the observation point position, also can carry out comprehensive observation through rotation, mobile this model; Both effects are identical in a sense; Therefore usually with the matrix multiple of these two kinds of conversion, its result is as new model view matrix, and this matrix is the matrix of a 4*4.
Three-dimensional model is rotated and during amplifieroperation,, observed model part rotation then can occurs too soon and can't accurately hold the anglec of rotation if be rotation center always with the center of model; This is to rotate owing to rotation is regarded as around a spheroid, and under the identical anglec of rotation, the track of nearly centre of sphere place rotation is always little than long service heart place; I.e. rotation is slow relatively; Precision is higher like this, is beneficial to the assurance anglec of rotation, therefore the specified position of mouse is regarded as the observation center; After the matrixing of this center through OpenGL be made as rotation center, rotary manipulation was more controlled.
The operation of vision and intuition when the present invention designs a kind of method that makes up three-dimensional physics circuit design model and adopts OpenGL to make up three-dimensional model the circuit physical Design is provided; Thereby improved design efficiency, the deficiency when having remedied the design of conventional two-dimensional physical circuit effectively.
Combine accompanying drawing that embodiment of the present invention has been done detailed description above, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, in the ken that those of ordinary skills possessed, can also under the prerequisite that does not break away from aim of the present invention, makes various variations.
Claims (5)
1. a method that makes up three-dimensional physics circuit design model is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) two-dimensional coordinate that extracts in the circuit design file forms the three-dimensional modeling data structure with layer information data;
(2) according to the three-dimensional modeling data structure, the top and bottom and the side of rendering model form three-dimensional model respectively, and confirm its coordinate system, make this models show wherein.
2. according to the said a kind of method that makes up three-dimensional physics circuit design model of claim 1, it is characterized in that: adopt the top and bottom and the side of the function difference rendering model in the OpenGL storehouse in the said step (2), form three-dimensional model.
3. according to the said a kind of method that makes up three-dimensional physics circuit design model of claim 2, it is characterized in that: the function in the said employing OpenGL storehouse is the top and bottom and the side of rendering model respectively, comprises the steps:
(ⅰ) according to the three-dimensional coordinate of every layer of upper and lower surfaces each point in the three-dimensional modeling data structure; In the OpenGL storehouse between function gluTessBeginPolygon and the gluTessBeginContour repeatedly call function gluTessVertex promptly draw out the upper and lower surfaces of model to set the three-dimensional coordinate of each point by OpenGL;
(ⅱ) can confirm the coordinate on 4 summits of respective side according to the corresponding coordinate in every layer of upper and lower surfaces edge in the three-dimensional modeling data structure; In the OpenGL storehouse, call 4 gluTessVertex between function glBegin (GL_QUADS) and the glEnd () to set the three-dimensional coordinate on 4 summits of respective side, promptly draw out the respective side of model by OpenGL;
The function glColor that (ⅲ) calls in the OpenGL storehouse draws various colors to every layer of three-dimensional model.
4. according to the said a kind of method that makes up three-dimensional physics circuit design model of claim 1, it is characterized in that: also comprise afterwards in said step (2) three-dimensional model is carried out the section cutting, form new three-dimensional modeling data structure after cutting is accomplished.
5. according to the said a kind of method that makes up three-dimensional physics circuit design model of claim 4, it is characterized in that: saidly three-dimensional model is carried out section cutting comprise the steps:
(ⅰ) cutting of three-dimensional model section is converted into line of cut and polygonal cutting problem; Intersection point calculation after line of cut and polygon intersected is come out; The number of guaranteeing intersection point is an even number, and it is matched in twos, is inserted in the oriented sequence on each summit of former polygon;
(ⅱ) the new oriented sequence of traversal, run into first intersection point after, continue traversal; Up to running into another intersection point of pairing with it, at this moment, the sequence between this two intersection point and two intersection points forms a new closed loop; Be new polygon, wherein, when two other pairing intersection point is also arranged between two pairing intersection points; Preferentially mate them, and the sequence after them is restarted traversal;
(ⅲ) adopt same direction to travel through, accomplish up to all some traversals for remaining sequence;
(ⅳ),, be translated into three-dimensional coordinate, form new three-dimensional modeling data structure through mapping for each summit on the new polygon of cutting back formation.
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Application publication date: 20120912 |