CN102650545B - High sound intensity level calibration device with combination of high sound pressure source and phase control and method - Google Patents
High sound intensity level calibration device with combination of high sound pressure source and phase control and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a high sound intensity level calibration device with combination of a high sound pressure source and phase control and a method. Sound waves are sent by two speakers, and standing wave sound fields are formed in two standing wave tubes, so that the sound pressure level in two coupling cavities rises and the distortion in the two coupling cavities drops, thereby forming the high sound pressure source. Two reference sound transmitters are used for monitoring, a dual-channel signal source is controlled by a computer, the speakers are driven by an audio power amplifier so that the sound pressure level and the phase difference in the coupling cavities reach the set values, and the simulation of the standard high sound intensity environment can be realized. Two sound transmitters of a calibrated sound intensity measuring instrument are respectively connected with the two coupling cavities, so that the coupling cavities are located in the high sound intensity environment and the high sound intensity calibration of the sound intensity measuring instrument can be realized. Due to the adoption of the high sound pressure source technology, the upper limit 124dB of the sound pressure level of the piston generator can be exceeded, and the sound pressure level of 94dB-160dB can be produced. The signal distortion is less than 1 percent, and the scope of service frequency is 500Hz to 800Hz.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to acoustic metrology technical field, be specifically related to high sound intensity Stage Calibration Equipment and the method for a kind of loud potential source in conjunction with phase control.
Background technology
The sound intensity can be measured in any sound field, measure during the sound intensity stationary background noise on the acoustical power of equipment under test without any impact, for radiation mode and the auditory localization of work place study complex vibration machinery.
The principle of work of sound-intensity measuring device 1 as shown in Figure 1.Two microphones (2,9) keep fixed range d, and sinusoidal acoustic signals is successively through two microphones, and the sound pressure signal amplitude phase place therefore measuring is all unequal, and the sound intensity between two microphones can be calculated by formula 1:
In formula: P
1, P
2for the effective value of sinusoidal sound pressure signal;
φ, ω are respectively two phase differential and angular frequencies between sound pressure signal;
ρ
0, d is respectively atmospheric density and two microphone spacing.
Existing collimation technique as shown in Figure 2, adopt pistonphone as 251Hz sound source, in sound intensity coupler, be divided into upper and lower two chambers, centre is coupled element and separates, the sound pressure level that makes upper and lower two chambers is 118dB mutually, phase differential is 13.2 ° of fixed values, and the simulation nominal clearance 118dB sound intensity level that is 50mm can be used for calibrating sound-intensity measuring device.
Use the shortcoming of this calibration steps to be:
(1) sound pressure signal frequency is fixing can not change, and can not realize wide frequency range calibration;
(2) sound intensity level dynamic range is limited, can only realize the sound intensity calibration of 118dB;
(3) upper and lower two chamber sound pressure levels and phase differential are fixing non-adjustable, cannot realize other operating mode calibrations;
(4) degree of distortion is larger, reaches more than 1%.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide high sound intensity Stage Calibration Equipment and the method for a kind of loud potential source in conjunction with phase control, the exportable wide frequency ranges of the loud potential source of its synchro control two-way, any amplitude are than the sound pressure signal of phase differential, low distortion, 150dB sound intensity level signal be can simulate for calibrating sound-intensity measuring device, thereby pistonphone and sound intensity coupler frequency is fixed, dynamic range is limited, phase place is non-adjustable, degree of distortion is large shortcoming overcome.
Realize the technical scheme of the object of the invention: a kind of loud potential source is in conjunction with the high sound intensity Stage Calibration Equipment of phase control, and it comprises coupler A and the coupler B of " U " shape being symmetrical set; The openend of coupler A and coupler B is fixedly connected on respectively on the end cap A and end cap B mono-side of center with through hole, and end cap A is fixedly connected with the standing wave tube A of " U " shape and the openend of standing wave tube B with the opposite side of end cap B;
Loudspeaker A and loudspeaker B are fixed respectively in the bottom of standing wave tube A and standing wave tube B; The rear portion of loudspeaker A and loudspeaker B is all connected audio-frequency power amplifier by extension line; Audio-frequency power amplifier connects double-channel signal source, and double-channel signal source connects computing machine; Wherein, computer control double-channel signal source, by audio-frequency power amplifier, drive loudspeaker A and loudspeaker B to send normal frequency sound wave, then by standing wave tube A and standing wave tube B, form standing-wave sound field respectively, make sound pressure signal amplitude and phase difference value in coupler A and coupler B reach setting value, realize mock standard high sound intensity environment;
The two side symmetry of the coupler A of " U " shape is opened mouth, the microphone A of sound-intensity measuring device to be calibrated is installed respectively and with reference to microphone A; The two side symmetry of the coupler B of " U " shape is opened mouth, the microphone B of sound-intensity measuring device to be calibrated is installed respectively and with reference to microphone B; Described reference microphone A with reference to microphone B, by extension line, be all connected signal amplifier, signal amplifier connect computing machine; Wherein, with reference to microphone A and with reference to microphone B as monitoring, by signal amplifier, respectively the sound pressure signal in coupler A and coupler B is converted to electrical signal transfer to computing machine.
A kind of loud potential source as above is in conjunction with the high sound intensity Stage Calibration Equipment of phase control, coupler A described in it and the internal diameter of coupler B equate with the through hole internal diameter of end cap A and end cap B, and the external diameter of coupler A and coupler B is 1/2～1/3 times of the external diameter of end cap A and end cap B; Described standing wave tube A and the external diameter of standing wave tube B equate with the external diameter of end cap A and end cap B, and the internal diameter of standing wave tube A and standing wave tube B is 2～3 times of through hole internal diameter of end cap A and end cap B.
A kind of loud potential source as above is in conjunction with the high sound intensity Stage Calibration Equipment of phase control, pass through standing wave tube A and standing wave tube B described in it form standing-wave sound field, make sound pressure signal amplitude and phase difference value in coupler A and coupler B reach setting value, realize mock standard high sound intensity environment; Be specially: make the setting sound pressure signal amplitude in coupler A and coupler B be 1Pa～2000Pa, set phase difference value for being 0 °～180 °, produce 94dB～160dB sound pressure level, signal distortion < 1%.
A kind of loud potential source of the present invention is in conjunction with the loud intensity level calibration steps of phase control, and it comprises the steps:
(a) computing machine connects double-channel signal source, the sinusoidal signal that output two-way frequency is f, through audio-frequency power amplifier, drive respectively loudspeaker A and loudspeaker B to send sound wave, then sound wave interreflection formation standing-wave sound field in standing wave tube A and standing wave tube B respectively produces 94～160dB high sound pressure signal in coupler A and coupler B;
(b) with reference to microphone A with reference to sound pressure signal amplitude and phase differential in microphone B difference measuring coupling chamber A and coupler B, by signal amplifier, respectively the sound pressure signal in coupler A and coupler B is converted to electrical signal transfer to computing machine, calculates the sound pressure signal amplitude P in coupler A and coupler B
a, P
bwith phase difference value θ;
(c) computing machine is according to the result of calculation P of step (b) gained
a, P
b, θ controls double-channel signal source output signal, makes the sound pressure signal amplitude P in coupler A and the coupler B in step (b)
a, P
breach and set sound pressure signal amplitude P
1, P
2, phase difference value θ reaches and sets phase difference value φ, realizes mock standard high sound intensity environment, the standard sound intensity of simulation
in formula: ω=2 π f is angular frequency, ρ
0for atmospheric density, d are the distance between microphone A and microphone B;
(d) two of sound-intensity measuring device to be calibrated microphone A and microphone B measuring coupling chamber A and coupler B respectively, makes sound-intensity measuring device in mock standard high sound intensity environment, and its sound intersity measurement result is
wherein, P
1, P
2, φ is the sound pressure signal amplitude P in sound-intensity measuring device measuring coupling chamber A and coupler B
a, P
bwith the measurement result of phase differential θ, the result of calculation that I ' is sound-intensity measuring device, I is the standard sound intensity of simulation, by calculating the measuring error Δ I that can obtain sound-intensity measuring device, realizes the high sound intensity calibration of sound-intensity measuring device.
A kind of loud potential source as above is in conjunction with the loud intensity level calibration steps of phase control, and its setpoint frequency f in step (c) is 500～800Hz, sets sound pressure signal amplitude P
1for 1Pa～2000Pa, set sound pressure signal amplitude P
2for 1Pa～2000Pa, setting phase difference value φ is 0 °～180 °.
Effect of the present invention is: loud potential source of the present invention is in conjunction with high sound intensity Stage Calibration Equipment and the method for phase control, loudspeaker sends normal frequency sound wave, by standing wave tube, form standing-wave sound field, make sound pressure level rising degree of distortion in two couplers reduce the loud potential source of formation; Use two identical loud potential sources, two with reference to microphone as monitoring, computer control double-channel signal source, drives loudspeaker to make two sound pressure level and phase differential in coupler reach setting value by audio-frequency power amplifier, realizes mock standard high sound intensity environment; Two microphones by school sound-intensity measuring device connect respectively two couplers, make it in high sound intensity environment, can realize the high sound intensity calibration of sound-intensity measuring device.The present invention, owing to adopting high sound pressure source technology, breaks through the pistonphone 124dB sound pressure level upper limit, can produce 94dB～160dB sound pressure level, signal distortion < 1%, frequency of utilization scope: 500Hz～800Hz.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the fundamental diagram of sound-intensity measuring device;
Fig. 2 is pistonphone and sound intensity coupler calibrating device structural representation;
Fig. 3 is the high sound intensity Stage Calibration Equipment structural representation of a kind of loud potential source of the present invention in conjunction with phase control.
In figure: 1. sound-intensity measuring device; 2. microphone A; 3. coupler A; 4. standing wave tube A; 5. loudspeaker A; 6. audio-frequency power amplifier; 7. double-channel signal source; 8. coupler B; 9. microphone B; 10. with reference to microphone B; 11. with reference to microphone A; 12. signal amplifiers; 13. computing machines; 14. standing wave tube B; 15. loudspeaker B; 16. end cap A; 17. end cap B.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, a kind of loud potential source of the present invention is further described in conjunction with high sound intensity Stage Calibration Equipment and the method for phase control.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 3, a kind of loud potential source of the present invention, in conjunction with the high sound intensity Stage Calibration Equipment of phase control, comprises coupler A3 and the coupler B8 of " U " shape being symmetrical set.
The openend of the coupler A3 of " U " shape is fixedly connected in end cap A16 mono-side of center with through hole, and the opposite side of end cap A16 is fixedly connected with the openend of the standing wave tube A4 of " U " shape; The fixing loudspeaker A5 in bottom of standing wave tube A4.The internal diameter of described coupler A3 equates with the through hole internal diameter of end cap A16, and the external diameter of coupler A3 is 1/2～1/3 times (for example: 1/2 times or 1/3 times) of the external diameter of end cap A16.The external diameter of described standing wave tube A4 equates with the external diameter of end cap A16, and the internal diameter of standing wave tube A4 is 2～3 times (for example: 2 times or 3 times) of the through hole internal diameter of end cap A16.
The openend of the coupler B8 of " U " shape is fixedly connected in end cap B17 mono-side of center with through hole, and the opposite side of end cap B17 is fixedly connected with the openend of the standing wave tube B14 of " U " shape; The fixing loudspeaker B15 in bottom of standing wave tube B14.The internal diameter of described coupler B8 equates with the through hole internal diameter of end cap B17, and the external diameter of coupler B8 is 1/2～1/3 times (for example: 1/2 times or 1/3 times) of the external diameter of end cap B17.The external diameter of described standing wave tube B14 equates with the external diameter of end cap B17, and the internal diameter of standing wave tube B14 is 2～3 times (for example: 2 times or 3 times) of the through hole internal diameter of end cap B17.
The rear portion of loudspeaker A5 and loudspeaker B15 is all connected audio-frequency power amplifier 6 by extension line.Audio-frequency power amplifier 6 connects double-channel signal source 7, and double-channel signal source 7 connects computing machine 13.Wherein, computing machine 13 is controlled double-channel signal source 7, by audio-frequency power amplifier 6, drive loudspeaker A5 and loudspeaker B15 to send normal frequency sound wave, then by standing wave tube A4 and standing wave tube B14, form standing-wave sound field respectively, make sound pressure signal amplitude and phase difference value in coupler A3 and coupler B8 reach setting value, realize mock standard high sound intensity environment.Be specially: make the setting sound pressure signal amplitude in coupler A3 and coupler B8 be 1Pa～2000Pa (for example: 1Pa, 100Pa, 1000Pa or 2000Pa), for example set phase difference value, for being 0 °～180 ° (: 0 ° 50 °, 90 ° or 180 °), produce 94dB～160dB sound pressure level (for example: 94dB, 140dB, 150dB or 160dB), signal distortion < 1%.
The two side symmetry of the coupler A3 of " U " shape is opened mouth, and a side is installed with reference to microphone A11, and opposite side is installed by a microphone A2 of school sound-intensity measuring device 1.The two side symmetry of the coupler B8 of " U " shape is opened mouth, and a side is installed with reference to microphone B10, and opposite side is installed by a microphone B9 of school sound-intensity measuring device 1.With reference to microphone A11 with reference to microphone B10, all by extension line, be connected signal amplifier 12, signal amplifier 12 connects computing machine 13.Wherein, with reference to microphone A11 and with reference to microphone B10 as monitoring, by signal amplifier 12, respectively the sound pressure signal in coupler A3 and coupler B8 is converted to electrical signal transfer to computing machine 13.
Embodiment 2～4
As shown in Figure 3, the method that adopts a kind of loud potential source described in embodiment 1 to calibrate in conjunction with the high sound intensity Stage Calibration Equipment of phase control, it comprises the following steps:
(a) computing machine 13 connects double-channel signal source 7, the sinusoidal signal that output two-way frequency is f, through audio-frequency power amplifier 6, drive respectively loudspeaker A5 and loudspeaker B15 to send sound wave, then sound wave interreflection formation standing-wave sound field in standing wave tube A4 and standing wave tube B14 respectively produces 94～160dB high sound pressure signal in coupler A3 and coupler B8;
(b) with reference to microphone A11 with reference to sound pressure signal amplitude and phase differential in microphone B10 difference measuring coupling chamber A3 and coupler B8, by signal amplifier 12, respectively the sound pressure signal in coupler A3 and coupler B8 is converted to electrical signal transfer to computing machine 13, calculates the sound pressure signal amplitude P in coupler A3 and coupler B8
a, P
bwith phase difference value θ;
(c) computing machine 13 is according to the result of calculation P of step (b) gained
a, P
b, θ controls double-channel signal source 7 output signals, makes the sound pressure signal amplitude P in coupler A3 and the coupler B8 in step (b)
a, P
breach and set sound pressure signal amplitude P
1, P
2, phase difference value θ reaches and sets phase difference value φ, realizes mock standard high sound intensity environment, the standard sound intensity of simulation
in formula: ω=2 π f is angular frequency, ρ
0for atmospheric density, d are the distance between microphone A2 and microphone B9;
Setpoint frequency f is 500～800Hz, sets sound pressure signal amplitude P
1for 1Pa～2000Pa, set sound pressure signal amplitude P
2for 1Pa～2000Pa, setting phase difference value φ is 0 °～180 °.
(d) two microphone A2 of sound-intensity measuring device 1 to be calibrated and microphone B9 measuring coupling chamber A3 and coupler B8 respectively, makes sound-intensity measuring device 1 in mock standard high sound intensity environment, and its sound intersity measurement result is
wherein, P
1, P
2, φ is the sound pressure signal amplitude P in sound-intensity measuring device 1 measuring coupling chamber A3 and coupler B8
a, P
bwith the measurement result of phase differential θ, I ' is the result of calculation of sound-intensity measuring device 1, and I is the standard sound intensity of simulation, by calculating the measuring error Δ I that can obtain sound-intensity measuring device, realizes the high sound intensity calibration of sound-intensity measuring device.
In embodiment 2～4, concrete measurement result sees the following form 1.
Table 1
In the present invention, loudspeaker sends normal frequency sound wave, by standing wave tube, forms standing-wave sound field, makes sound pressure level rising degree of distortion in two couplers reduce the loud potential source of formation; Use two identical loud potential sources, two with reference to microphone as monitoring, computer control double-channel signal source, drives loudspeaker to make sound pressure level and phase differential in coupler reach setting value by audio-frequency power amplifier, realizes mock standard high sound intensity environment; Two microphones by school sound-intensity measuring device connect respectively two couplers, make it in high sound intensity environment, can realize the high sound intensity calibration of sound-intensity measuring device.The present invention drives parameter according to result of calculation corrected signal source, makes whole system form closed loop, reaches and controls sound pressure signal amplitude that the two-way microphone of sound-intensity measuring device experiences and the object of phase difference value, can simulate 94dB～160dB sound intensity signal.
Claims (3)
1. loud potential source, in conjunction with a high sound intensity Stage Calibration Equipment for phase control, is characterized in that: this device comprises the coupler A(3 of " U " shape being symmetrical set) and coupler B(8); Coupler A(3) and coupler B(8) openend be fixedly connected on respectively the end cap A(16 of center with through hole) and end cap B(17) in a side, end cap A(16) with end cap B(17) opposite side be fixedly connected with the standing wave tube A(4 of " U " shape) and standing wave tube B(14) openend;
Standing wave tube A(4) and standing wave tube B(14) bottom fix respectively loudspeaker A(5) and loudspeaker B(15); Loudspeaker A(5) with loudspeaker B(15) rear portion by extension line, be all connected audio-frequency power amplifier (6); Audio-frequency power amplifier (6) connects double-channel signal source (7), and double-channel signal source (7) connect computing machine (13); Wherein, computing machine (13) is controlled double-channel signal source (7), by audio-frequency power amplifier (6), drive loudspeaker A(5) and loudspeaker B(15) normal frequency sound wave sent, then respectively by standing wave tube A(4) and standing wave tube B(14) formation standing-wave sound field, make coupler A(3) and coupler B(8) in sound pressure signal amplitude and phase difference value reach setting value, realize mock standard high sound intensity environment;
The coupler A(3 of " U " shape) two side symmetry open mouth, the microphone A(2 of sound-intensity measuring device to be calibrated (1) is installed respectively) and with reference to microphone A(11); The coupler B(8 of " U " shape) two side symmetry open mouth, the microphone B(9 of sound-intensity measuring device to be calibrated (1) is installed respectively) and with reference to microphone B(10); Described reference microphone A(11) with reference to microphone B(10) by extension line, be all connected signal amplifier (12), signal amplifier (12) connect computing machine (13); Wherein, with reference to microphone A(11) and with reference to microphone B(10) as monitoring, by signal amplifier (12) respectively coupler A(3) and coupler B(8) in sound pressure signal be converted to electrical signal transfer and arrive computing machine (13).
2. a kind of loud potential source according to claim 1 is in conjunction with the high sound intensity Stage Calibration Equipment of phase control, it is characterized in that: described coupler A(3) and coupler B(8) internal diameter and end cap A(16) and end cap B(17) through hole internal diameter equate, coupler A(3) and coupler B(8) external diameter be end cap A(16) and end cap B(17) 1/2～1/3 times of external diameter;
Described standing wave tube A(4) and standing wave tube B(14) external diameter and end cap A(16) and end cap B(17) external diameter equate, standing wave tube A(4) and standing wave tube B(14) internal diameter be end cap A(16) and end cap B(17) 2～3 times of through hole internal diameter.
3. a kind of loud potential source according to claim 1 and 2 is in conjunction with the high sound intensity Stage Calibration Equipment of phase control, it is characterized in that: the described standing wave tube A(4 that passes through) and standing wave tube B(14) standing-wave sound field formed, make coupler A(3) and coupler B(8) in sound pressure signal amplitude and phase difference value reach setting value, realize mock standard high sound intensity environment; Be specially: make coupler A(3) and coupler B(8) in setting sound pressure signal amplitude be 1Pa～2000Pa, to set phase difference value be 0 °～180 °, produces 94dB～160dB sound pressure level, signal distortion <1%.
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| CN103414978A (en) * | 2013-08-13 | 2013-11-27 | 北京航天计量测试技术研究所 | Sound intensity instrument frequency response calibrating device of acoustic coupler method |
| CN105444874B (en) * | 2015-11-10 | 2018-10-26 | 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 | A kind of sound intersity measurement calibrating installation and method |
| CN105403307A (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2016-03-16 | 广东省职业病防治院 | Noise detection comparison apparatus and method |
| CN108007561B (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2019-11-12 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京长城计量测试技术研究所 | Probe microphone high temperature calibrating installation |
| WO2021007872A1 (en) * | 2019-07-15 | 2021-01-21 | 中科新悦（苏州）科技有限公司 | High sound pressure microphone calibrating device, system and method |
| CN110473514A (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2019-11-19 | 红河学院 | A kind of device and method obtaining Standing Waves of Finite Amplitude |
| CN111678544B (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2023-09-15 | 南京俏声波动科技有限公司 | Balanced bidirectional output high-voltage wave source device and working method thereof |
| CN113676827A (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2021-11-19 | 西北工业大学 | Direct-blowing type variable frequency oscillation experimental device for measuring frequency response function of solid propellant |
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| JP2561451B2 (en) * | 1989-03-29 | 1996-12-11 | 株式会社小野測器 | Calibrator for characteristic difference correction |
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| US5567863A (en) * | 1995-05-15 | 1996-10-22 | Larson-Davis, Inc. | Intensity acoustic calibrator |
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