CN102650545A - High sound intensity level calibration device with combination of high sound pressure source and phase control and method - Google Patents
High sound intensity level calibration device with combination of high sound pressure source and phase control and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a high sound intensity level calibration device with combination of a high sound pressure source and phase control and a method. Sound waves are sent by two speakers, and standing wave sound fields are formed in two standing wave tubes, so that the sound pressure level in two coupling cavities rises and the distortion in the two coupling cavities drops, thereby forming the high sound pressure source. Two reference sound transmitters are used for monitoring, a dual-channel signal source is controlled by a computer, the speakers are driven by an audio power amplifier so that the sound pressure level and the phase difference in the coupling cavities reach the set values, and the simulation of the standard high sound intensity environment can be realized. Two sound transmitters of a calibrated sound intensity measuring instrument are respectively connected with the two coupling cavities, so that the coupling cavities are located in the high sound intensity environment and the high sound intensity calibration of the sound intensity measuring instrument can be realized. Due to the adoption of the high sound pressure source technology, the upper limit 124dB of the sound pressure level of the piston generator can be exceeded, and the sound pressure level of 94dB-160dB can be produced. The signal distortion is less than 1 percent, and the scope of service frequency is 500Hz to 800Hz.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the acoustic metrology technical field, be specifically related to high sound intensity Stage Calibration Equipment and method that a kind of loud potential source combines phase control.
Background technology
The sound intensity can be measured in any sound field, and stationary background noise has no influence to the acoustical power of equipment under test when measuring the sound intensity, is used for the radiation mode and the auditory localization of work place study complex vibration machinery.
The principle of work of sound-intensity measuring device 1 is as shown in Figure 1.Two microphones (2,9) keep fixed range d, and sinusoidal acoustic signals is successively through two microphones, and the sound pressure signal amplitude phase place that therefore measures is all unequal, and the sound intensity between two microphones can be calculated by formula 1:
In the formula: P
1, P
2Effective value for sinusoidal sound pressure signal;
φ, ω are respectively two phase differential and angular frequencies between sound pressure signal;
ρ
0, d is respectively atmospheric density and two microphone spacings.
Existing collimation technique is as shown in Figure 2; Adopt the piston generator as the 251Hz sound source, in sound intensity coupler, be divided into two chambers up and down, the centre is coupled element and separates; Making up and down, the sound pressure level of two chambers is 118dB mutually; Phase differential is 13.2 ° of fixed values, and the simulation nominal clearance is the 118dB sound intensity level of 50mm, can be used for calibrating sound-intensity measuring device.
Use the shortcoming of this calibration steps to be:
(1) the sound pressure signal fixed-frequency can not be changed, and can not realize the wide frequency range calibration;
(2) the sound intensity level dynamic range is limited, can only realize the sound intensity calibration of 118dB;
(3) two chamber sound pressure levels and phase differential are fixing non-adjustable up and down, can't realize other operating mode calibrations;
(4) degree of distortion is bigger, reaches more than 1%.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of loud potential source to combine the high sound intensity Stage Calibration Equipment and the method for phase control; The exportable wide frequency ranges of the loud potential source of its synchro control two-way, arbitrarily amplitude is than the sound pressure signal of phase differential, low distortion; Can simulate 150dB sound intensity level signal and be used to calibrate sound-intensity measuring device, thereby overcome piston generator and sound intensity coupler fixed-frequency, dynamic range is limited, phase place is non-adjustable, degree of distortion is big shortcoming.
Realize the technical scheme of the object of the invention: a kind of loud potential source combines the high sound intensity Stage Calibration Equipment of phase control, and it comprises the coupler A and the coupler B of " U " shape that is symmetrical set; The openend of coupler A and the coupler B center of being fixedly connected on respectively has on the end cap A and end cap B one side of through hole, and end cap A is fixedly connected standing wave tube A of " U " shape and the openend of standing wave tube B with the opposite side of end cap B;
The bottom of standing wave tube A and standing wave tube B is fixedly loudspeaker A and loudspeaker B respectively; The rear portion of loudspeaker A and loudspeaker B all is connected audio-frequency power amplifier through extension line; Audio-frequency power amplifier connects the double-channel signal source, and the double-channel signal source connects computing machine; Wherein, Computer control double-channel signal source; Send the normal frequency sound wave through audio-frequency power amplifier driving loudspeaker A and loudspeaker B; Form standing-wave sound field through standing wave tube A and standing wave tube B respectively then, make sound pressure signal amplitude and phase difference value in coupler A and the coupler B reach setting value, realize mock standard high sound intensity environment;
The two side symmetry of the coupler A of " U " shape is opened mouth, the microphone A of sound-intensity measuring device to be calibrated is installed and with reference to microphone A respectively; The two side symmetry of the coupler B of " U " shape is opened mouth, the microphone B of sound-intensity measuring device to be calibrated is installed and with reference to microphone B respectively; Described with reference to microphone A with all be connected signal amplifier with reference to microphone B through extension line, signal amplifier connects computing machine; Wherein, with reference to microphone A and with reference to microphone B as monitoring, convert the sound pressure signal in coupler A and the coupler B into electrical signal transfer to computing machine respectively through signal amplifier.
Aforesaid a kind of loud potential source combines the high sound intensity Stage Calibration Equipment of phase control; The internal diameter of its described coupler A and coupler B equates with the through hole internal diameter of end cap A and end cap B, and the external diameter of coupler A and coupler B is 1/2～1/3 times of the external diameter of end cap A and end cap B; The external diameter of described standing wave tube A and standing wave tube B equates with the external diameter of end cap A and end cap B, and the internal diameter of standing wave tube A and standing wave tube B is 2～3 times of through hole internal diameter of end cap A and end cap B.
Aforesaid a kind of loud potential source combines the high sound intensity Stage Calibration Equipment of phase control; It is described through standing wave tube A and standing wave tube B formation standing-wave sound field; Make sound pressure signal amplitude and phase difference value in coupler A and the coupler B reach setting value, realize mock standard high sound intensity environment; Be specially: make the setting sound pressure signal amplitude in coupler A and the coupler B be 1Pa～2000Pa, set phase difference value, produce 94dB～160dB sound pressure level, signal distortion＜1% for being 0 °～180 °.
A kind of loud potential source of the present invention combines the loud intensity level calibration steps of phase control, and it comprises the steps:
(a) computing machine connects the double-channel signal source; Output two-way frequency is the sinusoidal signal of f; The process audio-frequency power amplifier drives loudspeaker A respectively and loudspeaker B sends sound wave; Then sound wave respectively in standing wave tube A and standing wave tube B interreflection form standing-wave sound field, in coupler A and coupler B, produce 94～160dB high sound pressure signal;
(b) measure sound pressure signal amplitude and phase differential in coupler A and the coupler B respectively with reference to microphone A with reference to microphone B; Convert the sound pressure signal in coupler A and the coupler B into electrical signal transfer to computing machine respectively through signal amplifier, calculate the sound pressure signal amplitude P in coupler A and the coupler B
A, P
BWith phase difference value θ;
(c) computing machine is according to the result of calculation P of step (b) gained
A, P
B, θ control double-channel signal source output signal, make coupler A and the interior sound pressure signal amplitude P of coupler B in the step (b)
A, P
BReach and set sound pressure signal amplitude P
1, P
2, phase difference value θ reaches and sets phase difference value φ, realizes mock standard high sound intensity environment, the standard sound intensity of simulation
In the formula: ω=2 π f are angular frequency, ρ
0For atmospheric density, d are the distance between microphone A and the microphone B;
(d) two microphone A of sound-intensity measuring device to be calibrated and microphone B measure coupler A and coupler B respectively, make sound-intensity measuring device be in mock standard high sound intensity environment, and its sound intersity measurement result does
Wherein, P
1, P
2, φ is that sound-intensity measuring device is measured the sound pressure signal amplitude P in coupler A and the coupler B
A, P
BWith the measurement result of phase differential θ, I ' is the result of calculation of sound-intensity measuring device, and I is the standard sound intensity of simulation, through calculating the measuring error Δ I that can obtain sound-intensity measuring device, realizes the high sound intensity calibration of sound-intensity measuring device.
Aforesaid a kind of loud potential source combines the loud intensity level calibration steps of phase control, and its setpoint frequency f in step (c) is 500～800Hz, sets sound pressure signal amplitude P
1Be 1Pa～2000Pa, set sound pressure signal amplitude P
2Be 1Pa～2000Pa, setting phase difference value φ is 0 °～180 °.
Effect of the present invention is: loud potential source of the present invention combines the high sound intensity Stage Calibration Equipment and the method for phase control; Loudspeaker sends the normal frequency sound wave; Form standing-wave sound field through standing wave tube, make the loud potential source of sound pressure level rising degree of distortion reduction formation in two couplers; Use two identical loud potential sources; Two with reference to microphone as monitoring; Computer control double-channel signal source drives loudspeaker through audio-frequency power amplifier and makes two sound pressure level and phase differential in the coupler reach setting value, realizes mock standard high sound intensity environment; Two microphones by the school sound-intensity measuring device connect two couplers respectively, make it be in the high sound intensity environment, can realize the high sound intensity calibration of sound-intensity measuring device.The present invention breaks through the piston generator 124dB sound pressure level upper limit owing to adopt the high sound pressure source technology, can produce 94dB～160dB sound pressure level, signal distortion＜1%, frequency of utilization scope: 500Hz～800Hz.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the fundamental diagram of sound-intensity measuring device;
Fig. 2 is piston generator and sound intensity coupler calibrating device structural representation;
Fig. 3 is the high sound intensity Stage Calibration Equipment structural representation that a kind of loud potential source of the present invention combines phase control.
Among the figure: 1. sound-intensity measuring device; 2. microphone A; 3. coupler A; 4. standing wave tube A; 5. loudspeaker A; 6. audio-frequency power amplifier; 7. double-channel signal source; 8. coupler B; 9. microphone B; 10. with reference to microphone B; 11. with reference to microphone A; 12. signal amplifier; 13. computing machine; 14. standing wave tube B; 15. loudspeaker B; 16. end cap A; 17. end cap B.
Embodiment
Combine the high sound intensity Stage Calibration Equipment and the method for phase control to further describe below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment to a kind of loud potential source of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 3, a kind of loud potential source of the present invention combines the high sound intensity Stage Calibration Equipment of phase control, comprises the coupler A3 and the coupler B8 of " U " shape that is symmetrical set.
The openend center of being fixedly connected on of the coupler A3 of " U " shape has on end cap A16 one side of through hole, and the opposite side of end cap A16 is fixedly connected the openend of the standing wave tube A4 of " U " shape; The bottom of standing wave tube A4 is loudspeaker A5 fixedly.The internal diameter of described coupler A3 equates that with the through hole internal diameter of end cap A16 the external diameter of coupler A3 is 1/2～1/3 times (for example: 1/2 times or 1/3 times) of the external diameter of end cap A16.The external diameter of described standing wave tube A4 equates that with the external diameter of end cap A16 the internal diameter of standing wave tube A4 is 2～3 times (for example: 2 times or 3 times) of the through hole internal diameter of end cap A16.
The openend center of being fixedly connected on of the coupler B8 of " U " shape has on end cap B17 one side of through hole, and the opposite side of end cap B17 is fixedly connected the openend of the standing wave tube B14 of " U " shape; The bottom of standing wave tube B14 is loudspeaker B15 fixedly.The internal diameter of described coupler B8 equates that with the through hole internal diameter of end cap B17 the external diameter of coupler B8 is 1/2～1/3 times (for example: 1/2 times or 1/3 times) of the external diameter of end cap B17.The external diameter of described standing wave tube B14 equates that with the external diameter of end cap B17 the internal diameter of standing wave tube B14 is 2～3 times (for example: 2 times or 3 times) of the through hole internal diameter of end cap B17.
The rear portion of loudspeaker A5 and loudspeaker B15 all is connected audio-frequency power amplifier 6 through extension line.Audio-frequency power amplifier 6 connects double-channel signal source 7, and double-channel signal source 7 connects computing machine 13.Wherein, Computing machine 13 control double-channel signal sources 7; Send the normal frequency sound wave through audio-frequency power amplifier 6 driving loudspeaker A5 and loudspeaker B15; Form standing-wave sound field through standing wave tube A4 and standing wave tube B14 respectively then, make sound pressure signal amplitude and phase difference value in coupler A3 and the coupler B8 reach setting value, realize mock standard high sound intensity environment.Be specially: make the setting sound pressure signal amplitude in coupler A3 and the coupler B8 be 1Pa～2000Pa (for example: 1Pa, 100Pa, 1000Pa or 2000Pa), set phase difference value for being 0 °～180 ° (for example: 0 ° 50 °, 90 ° or 180 °); Produce 94dB～160dB sound pressure level (for example: 94dB, 140dB, 150dB or 160dB), signal distortion＜1%.
The two side symmetry of the coupler A3 of " U " shape is opened mouth, and a side is installed with reference to microphone A11, and opposite side is installed by a microphone A2 of school sound-intensity measuring device 1.The two side symmetry of the coupler B8 of " U " shape is opened mouth, and a side is installed with reference to microphone B10, and opposite side is installed by a microphone B9 of school sound-intensity measuring device 1.With reference to microphone A11 with all be connected signal amplifier 12 with reference to microphone B10 through extension line, signal amplifier 12 connects computing machines 13.Wherein, with reference to microphone A11 and with reference to microphone B10 as monitoring, convert the sound pressure signal in coupler A3 and the coupler B8 into electrical signal transfer to computing machine 13 respectively through signal amplifier 12.
As shown in Figure 3, adopt embodiment 1 described a kind of loud potential source to combine the high sound intensity Stage Calibration Equipment of phase control to carry out Calibration Method, it comprises the following steps:
(a) computing machine 13 connects double-channel signal source 7; Output two-way frequency is the sinusoidal signal of f; Process audio-frequency power amplifier 6 drives loudspeaker A5 respectively and loudspeaker B15 sends sound wave; Then sound wave respectively in standing wave tube A4 and standing wave tube B14 interreflection form standing-wave sound field, in coupler A3 and coupler B8, produce 94～160dB high sound pressure signal;
(b) measure sound pressure signal amplitude and phase differential in coupler A3 and the coupler B8 respectively with reference to microphone A11 with reference to microphone B10; Convert the sound pressure signal in coupler A3 and the coupler B8 into electrical signal transfer to computing machine 13 respectively through signal amplifier 12, calculate the sound pressure signal amplitude P in coupler A3 and the coupler B8
A, P
BWith phase difference value θ;
(c) computing machine 13 is according to the result of calculation P of step (b) gained
A, P
B, θ control double-channel signal source 7 output signals, make coupler A3 and the interior sound pressure signal amplitude P of coupler B8 in the step (b)
A, P
BReach and set sound pressure signal amplitude P
1, P
2, phase difference value θ reaches and sets phase difference value φ, realizes mock standard high sound intensity environment, the standard sound intensity of simulation
In the formula: ω=2 π f are angular frequency, ρ
0For atmospheric density, d are the distance between microphone A2 and the microphone B9;
Setpoint frequency f is 500～800Hz, sets sound pressure signal amplitude P
1Be 1Pa～2000Pa, set sound pressure signal amplitude P
2Be 1Pa～2000Pa, setting phase difference value φ is 0 °～180 °.
(d) two microphone A2 of sound-intensity measuring device 1 to be calibrated and microphone B9 measure coupler A3 and coupler B8 respectively, make sound-intensity measuring device 1 be in mock standard high sound intensity environment, and its sound intersity measurement result does
Wherein, P
1, P
2, φ is that sound-intensity measuring device 1 is measured the sound pressure signal amplitude P in coupler A3 and the coupler B8
A, P
BWith the measurement result of phase differential θ, I ' is the result of calculation of sound-intensity measuring device 1, and I is the standard sound intensity of simulation, through calculating the measuring error Δ I that can obtain sound-intensity measuring device, realizes the high sound intensity calibration of sound-intensity measuring device.
Concrete measurement result sees the following form 1 among the embodiment 2～4.
Table 1
Loudspeaker sends the normal frequency sound wave among the present invention, forms standing-wave sound field through standing wave tube, makes the loud potential source of sound pressure level rising degree of distortion reduction formation in two couplers; Use two identical loud potential sources, two with reference to microphone as monitoring, computer control double-channel signal source drives loudspeaker through audio-frequency power amplifier and makes sound pressure level and phase differential in the coupler reach setting value, realization mock standard high sound intensity environment; Two microphones by the school sound-intensity measuring device connect two couplers respectively, make it be in the high sound intensity environment, can realize the high sound intensity calibration of sound-intensity measuring device.The present invention is according to result of calculation corrected signal source driving parameters, makes whole system form closed loop, reaches the sound pressure signal amplitude that the two-way microphone of guide sound intensity measurer experiences and the purpose of phase difference value, can simulate 94dB～160dB sound intensity signal.
Claims (5)
1. a loud potential source combines the high sound intensity Stage Calibration Equipment of phase control, and it is characterized in that: this device comprises the coupler A (3) and the coupler B (8) of " U " shape that is symmetrical set; The openend of coupler A (3) and coupler B (8) center of being fixedly connected on respectively has on the end cap A (16) and end cap B (17) one sides of through hole, and the opposite side of end cap A (16) and end cap B (17) is fixedly connected standing wave tube A (4) of " U " shape and the openend of standing wave tube B (14);
The bottom of standing wave tube A (4) and standing wave tube B (14) is fixedly loudspeaker A (5) and loudspeaker B (15) respectively; The rear portion of loudspeaker A (5) and loudspeaker B (15) all is connected audio-frequency power amplifier (6) through extension line; Audio-frequency power amplifier (6) connects double-channel signal source (7), and double-channel signal source (7) connect computing machine (13); Wherein, Computing machine (13) control double-channel signal source (7); Send the normal frequency sound wave through audio-frequency power amplifier (6) driving loudspeaker A (5) and loudspeaker B (15); Form standing-wave sound field through standing wave tube A (4) and standing wave tube B (14) respectively then, make sound pressure signal amplitude and phase difference value in coupler A (3) and the coupler B (8) reach setting value, realize mock standard high sound intensity environment;
The two side symmetry of the coupler A (3) of " U " shape is opened mouth, the microphone A (2) of sound-intensity measuring device to be calibrated (1) is installed and with reference to microphone A (11) respectively; The two side symmetry of the coupler B (8) of " U " shape is opened mouth, the microphone B (9) of sound-intensity measuring device to be calibrated (1) is installed and with reference to microphone B (10) respectively; Described with reference to microphone A (11) with all be connected signal amplifier (12) with reference to microphone B (10) through extension line, signal amplifier (12) connects computing machine (13); Wherein, with reference to microphone A (11) with reference to microphone B (10) conduct monitoring, convert the sound pressure signal in coupler A (3) and the coupler B (8) into electrical signal transfer to computing machine (13) respectively through signal amplifier (12).
2. a kind of loud potential source according to claim 1 is in conjunction with the high sound intensity Stage Calibration Equipment of phase controlling; It is characterized in that: the internal diameter of described coupler A (3) and coupler B (8) equates with the through hole internal diameter of end cap A (16) and end cap B (17), and the external diameter of coupler A (3) and coupler B (8) is 1/2～1/3 times of the external diameter of end cap A (16) and end cap B (17);
The external diameter of described standing wave tube A (4) and standing wave tube B (14) equates with the external diameter of end cap A (16) and end cap B (17), and the internal diameter of standing wave tube A (4) and standing wave tube B (14) is 2～3 times of through hole internal diameter of end cap A (16) and end cap B (17).
3. a kind of loud potential source according to claim 1 and 2 combines the high sound intensity Stage Calibration Equipment of phase control; It is characterized in that: described through standing wave tube A (4) and standing wave tube B (14) formation standing-wave sound field; Make sound pressure signal amplitude and phase difference value in coupler A (3) and the coupler B (8) reach setting value, realize mock standard high sound intensity environment; Be specially: make the setting sound pressure signal amplitude in coupler A (3) and the coupler B (8) be 1Pa～2000Pa, set phase difference value, produce 94dB～160dB sound pressure level, signal distortion＜1% for being 0 °～180 °.
4. calibration steps that adopts claim 1 or 2 described loud potential sources to combine the high sound intensity Stage Calibration Equipment of phase control, it is characterized in that: this method comprises the steps:
(a) computing machine (13) connects double-channel signal source (7); Output two-way frequency is the sinusoidal signal of f; Process audio-frequency power amplifier (6) drives loudspeaker A (5) respectively and loudspeaker B (15) sends sound wave; Then sound wave respectively in standing wave tube A (4) and standing wave tube B (14) interreflection form standing-wave sound field, generation 94～160dB high sound pressure signal in coupler A (3) and coupler B (8);
(b) measure sound pressure signal amplitude and phase differential in coupler A (3) and the coupler B (8) respectively with reference to microphone A (11) with reference to microphone B (10); Convert the sound pressure signal in coupler A (3) and the coupler B (8) into electrical signal transfer to computing machine (13) respectively through signal amplifier (12), calculate the sound pressure signal amplitude P in coupler A (3) and the coupler B (8)
A, P
BWith phase difference value θ;
(c) computing machine (13) is according to the result of calculation P of step (b) gained
A, P
B, θ control double-channel signal source (7) output signal, make coupler A (3) and the interior sound pressure signal amplitude P of coupler B (8) in the step (b)
A, P
BReach and set sound pressure signal amplitude P
1, P
2, phase difference value θ reaches and sets phase difference value φ, realizes mock standard high sound intensity environment, the standard sound intensity of simulation
In the formula: ω=2 π f are angular frequency, ρ
0For atmospheric density, d are the distance between microphone A (2) and the microphone B (9);
(d) two microphone A (2) of sound-intensity measuring device (1) to be calibrated and microphone B (9) measure coupler A (3) and coupler B (8) respectively, make sound-intensity measuring device (1) be in mock standard high sound intensity environment, and its sound intersity measurement result does
Wherein, P
1, P
2, φ is that sound-intensity measuring device (1) is measured coupler A (3) and the interior sound pressure signal amplitude P of coupler B (8)
A, P
BWith the measurement result of phase differential θ, I ' is the result of calculation of sound-intensity measuring device (1), and I is the standard sound intensity of simulation, through calculating the measuring error Δ I that can obtain sound-intensity measuring device, realizes the high sound intensity calibration of sound-intensity measuring device.
5. a kind of loud potential source according to claim 4 combines the loud intensity level calibration steps of phase control, and it is characterized in that: setpoint frequency f is 500～800Hz in step (c), sets sound pressure signal amplitude P
1Be 1Pa～2000Pa, set sound pressure signal amplitude P
2Be 1Pa～2000Pa, setting phase difference value φ is 0 °～180 °.
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| CN103414978A (en) * | 2013-08-13 | 2013-11-27 | 北京航天计量测试技术研究所 | Sound intensity instrument frequency response calibrating device of acoustic coupler method |
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| CN108007561A (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2018-05-08 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京长城计量测试技术研究所 | Probe microphone high temperature calibrating installation |
| CN108007561B (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2019-11-12 | 中国航空工业集团公司北京长城计量测试技术研究所 | Probe microphone high temperature calibrating installation |
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| CN111678544B (en) * | 2020-06-05 | 2023-09-15 | 南京俏声波动科技有限公司 | Balanced bidirectional output high-voltage wave source device and working method thereof |
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