CN102637338B - Reflecting point-type optical fiber temperature-sensing fire detector and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Reflecting point-type optical fiber temperature-sensing fire detector and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a reflecting point-type optical fiber temperature-sensing fire detector, comprising a transmitting optical cable, a receiving optical cable and an external tube. Two ends of the external tube are respectively sleeved in an optical fiber sleeve and a reflecting pillar, and the transmitting and receiving optical cables level with the inner end face of the optical fiber sleeve are inserted into the optical fiber sleeve; one end of the transmitting optical cable is connected with a light source modulated by a light source modulator, and one end of the receiving optical cable is connected with a signal detection processor; the head end face of the reflecting pillar is opposite to the inner end face in the external tube, the head end face is provided with a reflecting film, the top of the reflecting film is provided with a light blocking sheet, one end of the light blocking sheet is connected with temperature-sensing elements, and the other end of the light blocking sheet extends to the space between the head end face and the inner end face. In the manufacturing of the detector, the distance between the end face at the end (level with the inner end face) on the transmitting and receiving optical cables and the reflecting film is determined firstly, then, the lengths of other parts are determined. The detector not only has the advantages of excellent locating property, higher sensitivity and arbitrarily settable temperature alarm value in a range of 35-85 DEG C, but also is simple in structure, very low in production and maintenance cost and higher in safety.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of an automatic equipment which can report a fire, relate in particular to a kind of reflective some type temperature detected by optical fiber fire detector and manufacture method thereof, specifically be applicable to eliminate electronic devices and components defect, reduce costs, improve sensitivity, maintain easily, the temperature alarming value can arrange arbitrarily in 85 ℃ of 35 ℃ –, has great practicality.
Background technology
At present, mainly contain electronic type point type constant temperature fire detector, cable type linear constant temp. fire detector, electronic type differential fire detector, Electronic Difference/Constant Temperature Fire Alarm, Linear optical fiber heat fire detector for the hygrosensor on automatic fire alarm both at home and abroad, their defect is as follows:
The problem that electronic type point type constant temperature fire detector exists is:
because electric signal is arranged, in the place inflammable and explosive, that electromagnetic radiation intensity is large, be unsuitable for installing, there is certain potential safety hazard
electronic devices and components are easily aging, and aging rear easy generation wrong report is even malfunctioning
the detector cost is high, and later maintenance cost is high
the actuation of an alarm temperature range is wide, causes sensitivity low.
The problem that the cable type linear constant temp. fire detector exists is:
because electric signal is arranged, in the place inflammable and explosive, that electromagnetic radiation intensity is large, be unsuitable for installing, there is certain potential safety hazard
electronic devices and components are easily aging, and aging rear easy generation wrong report is even malfunctioning
the detector cost is high, and maintenance cost is high
it is poor that fire produces the positioning performance of position
mostly be irrecoverable type, can not reuse.
The problem that the electronic type differential fire detector exists is:
because electric signal is arranged, in inflammable and explosive, the large place of electromagnetic radiation intensity, be unsuitable for installing, there is certain potential safety hazard
electronic devices and components are easily aging, and aging rear easy generation wrong report is even malfunctioning
the detector cost is high, and maintenance cost is high
the temperature-responsive time is longer, and sensitivity is low.
The problem that Electronic Difference/Constant Temperature Fire Alarm exists is:
because electric signal is arranged, in the place inflammable and explosive, that electromagnetic radiation intensity is large, be unsuitable for installing, there is certain potential safety hazard
electronic devices and components are easily aging, and aging rear easy generation wrong report is even malfunctioning
panel detector structure is very complicated, cost is very high, and maintenance cost is very high.
The problem that Linear optical fiber heat fire detector exists is:
panel detector structure is very complicated, cost is very high, and maintenance cost is also very high, and customer consumption does not rise
main cable fracture appears or come off after can cause all detectors to lose efficacy, risk is large, security is lower
the positioning performance of fire generation position is poor
the temperature-responsive time is longer, and sensitivity is low.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the employing complex structure existed in prior art, defect and the problem that the production maintenance cost is very high, security is lower, positioning performance is poor, sensitivity is lower, provide a kind of simple in structure, the production maintenance cost is very low, security is higher, positioning performance is better, sensitivity is higher, the temperature alarming value can arrange arbitrarily within the specific limits, reflective some type temperature detected by optical fiber fire detector and manufacture method thereof.
For realizing above purpose, technical solution of the present invention is: reflective some type temperature detected by optical fiber fire detector, comprise the emission optical cable, receive optical cable and outer tube, one end of described emission optical cable is connected with the light source after the light modulator modulation, one end of described reception optical cable is connected with the input processor, the other end of emission optical cable, reception optical cable all extends in outer tube, and is provided with temperature-sensing element within the outer tube;
Ferrule and reflection post have been inserted in respectively in the inside at described outer tube two ends, be inserted with the emission optical cable mutually concordant with the ferrule inner face in an optical fiber cavity in described ferrule, receive optical cable, the outer face of ferrule extends to the outside of outer tube, the head end face of described reflection post is oppositely arranged with the inner face of ferrule within the outer tube, the breech face of reflection post extends to the outside of outer tube, be provided with reflectance coating on the head end face, the top of reflectance coating is provided with light barrier, one end of light barrier is connected with the temperature-sensing element arranged on reflection post side, the other end extends to the head end face, between inner face, and the nearly head end face of temperature-sensing element arranges,
Described outer tube is the temperature sensitive type sleeve pipe, and described temperature-sensing element is temperature-sensitive deformation element, and described emission optical cable, reception optical cable are the same optical cables.
Be provided with the skewed slot corresponding with temperature-sensing element on described reflection post, the high-end caudal part face of skewed slot arranges, and the low side of skewed slot communicates with the bayonet socket that head end face top is offered, and in this bayonet socket, card has light barrier.
The breech face of described reflection post is connected with limited post, and the end face diameter of limited post is greater than the end face diameter of reflection post.
The outer face of described ferrule is connected with spacing optical fiber tube, and the inside of spacing optical fiber tube is provided with No. two optical fiber cavities coaxial with an optical fiber cavity, and is symmetrically arranged with a pair of optical fiber card article on the inwall of spacing optical fiber tube.
Described light source is LASER Light Source or LED light source, and described emission optical cable, reception optical cable are quartzy optical cable or plastic optical fiber cable.
Described light source is the green LED light source, and described emission optical cable, reception optical cable are the communication stage plastic optical fiber cable.
The diameter of described emission optical cable, reception optical cable internal optical fiber is 1 millimeter, and the distance between described head end face, inner face is 2.5 millimeters of 2 –, and an end of described light barrier is connected with temperature-sensing element, and the distance between the other end and head end face is less than 2 millimeters.
The manufactured materials of described outer tube is metal; The manufactured materials of described light barrier is metal, and its thickness is less than or equal to 0.1 millimeter; The manufactured materials of described ferrule, reflection post is plastics.
A kind of manufacture method of above-mentioned reflective some type temperature detected by optical fiber fire detector, this manufacture method comprises the following steps successively:
The first step: first determine emission optical cable, the end face that receives homogeneous end equal with inner face on optical cable and the distance between reflectance coating
,
equal ferrule inner face and the reflection post the head end face between distance,
according to following two formula, determine:
，
Wherein,
the light intensity received for receiving optical cable,
for the light intensity of emission optical cable emission,
for emission optical cable, the end face that receives homogeneous end equal with inner face on optical cable and the distance between reflectance coating,
for the radius of emission optical cable, reception optical cable internal optical fiber,
for the maximum aperture angle of optical fiber,
for the reflectivity of reflectance coating 10,
for light source kind and the light source modulation parameter with the coupling fiber situation,
for the light that sends of emission optical cable (4) is incident upon 2 times of the upper spot radius of reflectance coating (10);
Basis again
determine the length of light barrier, ferrule, reflection post and outer tube;
Second step: first will launch optical cable, receive in an optical fiber cavity in optical cable reeve ferrule, the end face of emission optical cable, reception optical cable is mutually concordant with the inner face of ferrule, ferrule is inserted to an end of outer tube, after insertion, inner face is positioned at the inside of outer tube again;
The 3rd step: first reflectance coating is attached on the head end face of reflection post, on the side of reflection post, temperature-sensing element is set again, then on temperature-sensing element, an end of nearly head end face is pasted light barrier, the other end of light barrier extends between head end face, inner face, and light barrier is positioned at the top of reflectance coating, then will reflect the other end that post inserts outer tube, after insertion, the head end face is positioned at the inside of outer tube, finally by the closed at both ends of outer tube, now can complete the manufacture of reflective some type temperature detected by optical fiber fire detector.
In the described first step, the diameter of emission optical cable, reception optical cable internal optical fiber is 1 millimeter, described
be 2.5 millimeters of 2 –, an end of described light barrier is connected with temperature-sensing element 7, and the distance between the other end and head end face is less than 2 millimeters.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, the fire detector of taking in reflective some type temperature detected by optical fiber fire detector of the present invention and manufacture method thereof is a type optic fibre fire detector, wherein, temperature detected by optical fiber can be stopped the defect of electric signal, electronic devices and components temperature-sensitive, improves security and the permanance of device; The positioning performance of some type temperature-sensitive is very good, the particular location of the generation of definite fire that can be very fast.Therefore the present invention can not only stop the defect of electric signal, electronic devices and components temperature-sensitive, and security is higher, positioning performance is better.
2, the fire detector of taking in reflective some type temperature detected by optical fiber fire detector of the present invention and manufacture method thereof has utilized the principle of fiber reflection, that is: the light of emission optical cable emission is injected the reception optical cable after the reflectance coating reflection, simultaneously, outer tube by the temperature conduction of surrounding environment to temperature-sensing element, when temperature rises, temperature-sensing element can produce deformation and bending gradually, drive light barrier moves down simultaneously, and block reflectance coating, thereby causing receiving the light intensity that optical cable receives dies down, and then cause the light intensity of delivering to the input processor to die down, variation by light intensity carrys out detecting temperature, not only the reaction time is very short, sensitivity is higher, the alarm temperature error can be controlled at ± 1 ℃ in, and simple in structure, be convenient to produce and safeguard, cost is lower, in addition, outer tube is in use full-closed structure, not only can improve the sensitivity of temperature-sensing element temperature-sensitive in pipe, and part in protection tube preferably, security is higher.Therefore not only sensitivity is higher, simple in structure in the present invention, and the temperature alarming value can arrange arbitrarily in 85 ℃ of 35 ℃ –, and the production maintenance cost is very low, security is higher.
3, the light source in reflective some type temperature detected by optical fiber fire detector of the present invention and manufacture method thereof is lasing light emitter or LED light source, emission optical cable, reception optical cable are quartzy optical cable or plastic optical fiber cable, especially working as light source is the green LED light source, when emission optical cable, reception optical cable are the communication stage plastic optical fiber cable, effect is best, the advantage of green light LED and the collocation of communication stage plastic optical fiber cable is as follows: at first, under the Same Efficieney condition, the distance that green light LED transmits in the communication stage plastic optical fiber cable farthest, can reach 350 meters of one way 300 –; Secondly, the price of green light LED is very cheap, operating voltage is little, and can meet fire protection warning product regulation supply voltage is that 24V, product standby power supply must meet the requirement of powering more than 8 hours continually and steadily after the dispatch from foreign news agency outage, and, LED utilizes the charge carrier spontaneous radiation recombination luminescence that is injected with source region, there is no threshold property, be not vulnerable to voltage fluctuation and temperature fluctuation impact, stability is stronger, but, more than continuous working 100,000 hours (approximately 11.5), the life-span is very long; Again, the communication stage plastic optical fiber cable is attenuation coefficient≤0.2dB/m not only, transmission range is longer, and the diameter of the optical fiber of its parcel is 1mm, there is enough large area to allow optically-coupled as much as possible advance fibre core and transmitted, can improve light intensity and transmission range, in addition, the communication stage plastic optical fiber cable is compared with the quartzy optical cable of communication stage commonly used, and price only has 1/10th; Finally, can be multiplexing a plurality of front end detection of 1 green light LED section, thereby can further reduce costs.Therefore not only cost is very low, transmission range is long in the present invention, and stability is strong, can meet in the fire protection warning product needs to transmission range.
4, launch optical cable, the end face that receives homogeneous end equal with inner face on optical cable and the distance between reflectance coating in reflective some type temperature detected by optical fiber fire detector of the present invention and manufacture method thereof
according to the design of specific formula, this formula can demonstrate receiving light power with
between relation, relation can be designed best according to this
the value scope obtains the strongest receiving light power to guarantee the present invention, receiving light power is stronger, and sensitivity is naturally higher, now by light barrier, light intensity is blocked again, just can obtain comparatively fast, more accurately the temperature of surrounding environment, thereby improve the sensitivity of temperature-sensitive of the present invention.Therefore sensitivity of the present invention is higher.
5, in reflective some type temperature detected by optical fiber fire detector of the present invention and manufacture method thereof, fire detector mainly comprises outer tube, ferrule, reflection post, temperature-sensing element and reflectance coating, not only amount of parts is less, it is clear to arrange, and manufactured materials is common materials, cheaply be easy to get, be convenient to reduce the production maintenance cost.Therefore the present invention is not only simple in structure, and the production maintenance cost is very low.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of ferrule in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of reflection post in Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is in the present invention
with
principle schematic.
Fig. 5 is in the present invention
with
graph of a relation
In figure: light source 1, light modulator 2, input processor 3, emission optical cable 4, receive optical cable 5, outer tube 6, temperature-sensing element 7, ferrule 8, inner face 81, outer face 82, an optical fiber cavity 83, reflection post 9, head end face 91, breech face 92, reflectance coating 10, light barrier 11, skewed slot 12, bayonet socket 13, limited post 14, spacing optical fiber tube 15, No. two optical fiber cavity 151, optical fiber card article 152.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing explanation and embodiment, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
Referring to figure 1 – Fig. 5, reflective some type temperature detected by optical fiber fire detector, comprise emission optical cable 4, receive optical cable 5 and outer tube 6, one end of described emission optical cable 4 is connected with the light source 1 after light modulator 2 modulation, one end of described reception optical cable 5 is connected with input processor 3, the other end of emission optical cable 4, reception optical cable 5 all extends in outer tube 6, and is provided with temperature-sensing element 7 in outer tube 6;
Described outer tube 6 is temperature sensitive type sleeve pipes, and described temperature-sensing element 7 is temperature-sensitive deformation elements, and described emission optical cable 4, reception optical cable 5 are same optical cables.
Be provided with the skewed slot corresponding with temperature-sensing element 7 12 on described reflection post 9, the high-end caudal part face 92 of skewed slot 12 arranges, and the low side of skewed slot 12 communicates with the bayonet socket 13 that head end face 91 tops are offered, and the interior card of this bayonet socket 13 has light barrier 11.
The breech face 92 of described reflection post 9 is connected with limited post 14, and the end face diameter of limited post 14 is greater than the end face diameter of reflection post 9.
The outer face 82 of described ferrule 8 is connected with spacing optical fiber tube 15, and the inside of spacing optical fiber tube 15 is provided with No. two optical fiber cavities 151 coaxial with an optical fiber cavity 83, and is symmetrically arranged with a pair of optical fiber card article 152 on the inwall of spacing optical fiber tube 15.
Described light source 1 is LASER Light Source or LED light source, and described emission optical cable 4, reception optical cable 5 are quartzy optical cable or plastic optical fiber cable.
Described light source 1 is the green LED light source, and described emission optical cable 4, reception optical cable 5 are the communication stage plastic optical fiber cable.
The diameter of described emission optical cable 4, reception optical cable 5 internal optical fibers is 1 millimeter, distance between described head end face 91, inner face 81 is 2.5 millimeters of 2 –, one end of described light barrier 11 is connected with temperature-sensing element 7, and the distance between the other end and head end face 91 is less than 2 millimeters.
The manufactured materials of described outer tube 6 is metal; The manufactured materials of described light barrier 11 is metal, and its thickness is less than or equal to 0.1 millimeter; The manufactured materials of described ferrule 8, reflection post 9 is plastics.
A kind of manufacture method of above-mentioned reflective some type temperature detected by optical fiber fire detector, this manufacture method comprises the following steps successively:
The first step: first determine emission optical cable 4, receive on optical cable 5 and the end face of the equal homogeneous end of inner face 81 and the distance between reflectance coating 10
,
equal ferrule 8 inner face 81 and the reflection post 9 head end face 91 between distance,
according to following two formula, determine:
Wherein,
the light intensity received for receiving optical cable 5,
for the light intensity of emission optical cable 4 emissions,
for emission optical cable 4, receive on optical cable 5 and the end face of the equal homogeneous end of inner face 81 and the distance between reflectance coating 10,
for the radius of emission optical cable 4, reception optical cable 5 internal optical fibers,
for the maximum aperture angle of optical fiber,
for the reflectivity of reflectance coating 10,
for light source kind and the light source modulation parameter with the coupling fiber situation,
for the light that sends of emission optical cable (4) is incident upon 2 times of the upper spot radius of reflectance coating (10);
Basis again
determine the length of light barrier 11, ferrule 8, reflection post 9 and outer tube 6;
Second step: first will launch optical cable 4, receive in an optical fiber cavity 83 in optical cable 5 reeve ferrules 8, the end face of emission optical cable 4, reception optical cable 5 is mutually concordant with the inner face 81 of ferrule 8, ferrule 8 is inserted to an end of outer tube 6, after insertion, inner face 81 is positioned at the inside of outer tube 6 again;
The 3rd step: first reflectance coating 10 is attached on the head end face 91 of reflection post 9, on the side of reflection post 9, temperature-sensing element 7 is set again, then on temperature-sensing element 7, an end of nearly head end face 91 is pasted light barrier 11, the other end of light barrier 11 extends between head end face 91, inner face 81, light barrier 11 is positioned at the top of reflectance coating 10, to reflect again the other end that post 9 inserts outer tube 6, after insertion, head end face 91 is positioned at the inside of outer tube 6, finally, by the closed at both ends of outer tube 6, now can complete the manufacture of reflective some type temperature detected by optical fiber fire detector.
In the described first step, the diameter of emission optical cable 4, reception optical cable 5 internal optical fibers is 1 millimeter, described
be 2.5 millimeters of 2 –, an end of described light barrier 11 is connected with temperature-sensing element 7, and the distance between the other end and head end face 91 is less than 2 millimeters.
Principle of the present invention is described as follows:
One,
determine:
Referring to Fig. 4, as seen from the figure, the light that emission optical cable 4 sends is through distance
(launch optical cable 4, receive on optical cable 5 with the end face of the equal homogeneous end of inner face 81 and reflectance coating 10 between distance) after be incident upon reflectance coating 10, after being reflected film 10 reflections, reflected light is incident upon reception optical cable 5, in figure
the light intensity received for receiving optical cable 5,
for the light intensity of emission optical cable 4 emissions,
for emission optical cable 4, receive on optical cable 5 and the end face of the equal homogeneous end of inner face 81 and the distance between reflectance coating 10,
for the radius of emission optical cable 4, reception optical cable 5 internal optical fibers,
for the maximum aperture angle of optical fiber,
for the reflectivity of reflectance coating 10,
for light source kind and the light source modulation parameter with the coupling fiber situation,
for the light that sends of emission optical cable (4) is incident upon 2 times of the upper spot radius of reflectance coating (10); Have
，
From above-mentioned formula,
larger, light intensity is larger, and detector is sensitiveer.After selected light of the present invention, optical cable, reflectance coating 10,
,
,
,
,
,
be definite value, now will improve
value, just must change
, relation between the two refers to Fig. 5, as seen from Figure 5, when
when value is got surely a certain scope,
can reach maximum, sensitivity is the highest.The present invention designs in conjunction with this formula
the best engineering usable range of value is 2 – 2.5mm, now obtains
maximum, sensitivity is the highest.
Two, the design of light barrier:
In the present invention, an end of light barrier 11 is connected with temperature-sensing element 7, the other end extends between head end face 91, inner face 81, in use, when temperature-sensing element 7 rises deformation gradually when crooked because of temperature, the light barrier 11 that temperature-sensing element 7 drives the stickup of one end moves down, be incident upon the light on reflectance coating 10 with minimizing, be equal to and reduced reflectivity, receive thereby reduce the light intensity that optical cable 5 receives, and then cause the light intensity of delivering to input processor 3 to die down, now just can detect temperature by the variation of light intensity, when temperature arrives the setting threshold values, just report to the police.
For guaranteeing to realize design effect, light barrier 11 required thicknesses are no more than 0.1mm, and metal (as steel, aluminium, copper, silver, zinc, manganese and alloy thereof), have rigidity, is difficult for deformation.Simultaneously, as from the foregoing,
the best engineering usable range of value is 2 – 2.5mm, thereby the distance between the other end of light barrier 11 and head end face 91 is less than 2 millimeters, if surpass 2 millimeters, can affect 11 pairs of catoptrical occlusion effects of light barrier.
Three, green light LED and communication stage plastic optical fiber cable:
1, green light LED:
The advantage of light signal: green light LED is green light LED, what it transmitted in the communication stage plastic optical fiber cable is light signal, even if having high voltage or very strong terrestrial magnetic field also can not affect the light signal generating in optical cable around the communication stage plastic optical fiber cable, comparatively speaking, electric signal but is easy to be subject to high voltage or terrestrial magnetic field and disturbs, and causes distorted signals and produces wrong report; In addition, electric signal is unsuitable in the place inflammable and explosive, that electromagnetic radiation intensity is large installing, and has certain potential safety hazard, and the electronic devices and components that produce electric signal are also easily aging, and even malfunctioning in aging rear easy generation wrong report, the green light LED that the present invention adopts can be avoided these defects.
Stability: the green light LED utilization is injected with the charge carrier spontaneous radiation recombination luminescence in source region, there is no threshold property, spectral concentration is than the high several orders of magnitude of LASER Light Source, stability is stronger, and LASER Light Source is the stimulated radiation recombination luminescence, there is optical resonator, be easy to be subject to voltage fluctuation and temperature fluctuation impact, cause LASER Light Source light decay and temperature to be floated very serious.Therefore the stability of green light LED is far above LASER Light Source.
Price advantage: general 20 milliwatts of power of the green light LED that the present invention adopts, operating voltage is in the 3V left and right, working current is less than 10 milliamperes, 1 green light LED can multiplexing a plurality of reflection type optical fiber smoke transducers, and its market price is 0.09 yuan/, and the LASER Light Source of 20 milliwatts, high voltage supply, about 150 milliamperes of working current, its market price is 20 milliwatt green light LED market price more than 1500 times, and volume is very large.
The fire protection warning product requirement: the supply voltage of national regulation fire protection warning product is 24V, high pressure can not be provided, and the standby power supply of mandatory provisions product must meet and power more than 8 hours continually and steadily after the dispatch from foreign news agency outage, LASER Light Source not only needs high voltage supply, and considering under practicality and condition cheaply, if the light source of detector 1 adopts LASER Light Source, be difficult to its standby power supply of assurance and can power continually and steadily 8 hours after the dispatch from foreign news agency outage.
Serviceable life: but more than green light LED life-span continuous working 100,000 hours (approximately 11.5), but LASER Light Source continuous workings 7500 hours (approximately 1 month) at most.
Therefore, the LASER Light Source of comparing, the present invention takes green light LED as light source 1, not only can meet the fire protection warning product requirement, stability is stronger, and serviceable life is longer, and especially price is very cheap, has greatly improved cost performance of the present invention.
2, communication stage plastic optical fiber cable:
The inside of communication stage plastic optical fiber cable is wrapped with communication stage optical fiber, in actual applications, except positions such as joints, need to peel off a bit of protective sleeve in communication stage plastic optical fiber cable surface is convenient to continue, and all the other positions all are shown as the communication stage plastic optical fiber cable.Replace the electric wire in existing product with the communication stage plastic optical fiber cable, low energy consumption, the low pollution, cost is lower, meets the industry policy of country's " light entering and copper back and energy-saving and emission-reduction ".
Fibre diameter compares: smoke fire detector utilizes light scattering to smoke detection, it is large as far as possible that this just requires to be scattered light intensity, the size of light intensity is directly related with the diameter of optical fiber, fibre diameter can allow greatly light as much as possible enter fibre core to be transmitted, communication stage plastic optical fiber diameter is 1mm, communication stage silica fibre diameter is 0.125mm, differ 8 times, under the light source of same power, the communication stage silica fibre is because diameter is too little, its internal transmission light intensity too a little less than, be not suitable for detection smog, if must survey smog, just must adopt the silica fibre of bunchy to carry out optical signal transmission, now will increase difficulty and the cost of end face processing, the diameter of silica fibre only has 0.125mm, not only thin but also soft, its end face processing not only accuracy requirement is high, length consuming time, and the quality of end face processing needs specialized equipment just can detect, processing cost is very high, and adopted fibre bundle, this meaning will be processed a large amount of silica fibres, consuming time longer, cost is higher.Comparatively speaking, the communication stage plastic optical fiber cable that the present invention adopts is because diameter has 1mm, and certain degree of hardness is arranged, and its end face processing with the naked eye just can be judged quality, and only need process one, after all a requirement that just can meet detection smog.
Attenuation coefficient compares: smoke fire detector comprises front end detection section 11 and background process section 12, front end detection section 11 need to be arranged on the occasion of easy breaking out of fire to be detected, and backstage handling part 12 needs the long distance in interval to carry out the data processing, by optical cable, connect between the two, this just requires optical cable to have lower attenuation coefficient to support the longer-distance transmission of light signal.Attenuation coefficient≤the 0.2dB/m of the communication stage plastic optical fiber cable that the present invention adopts, can meet in fire alarm the requirement to transmission range.
Price comparison: on market, domestic communication stage plastic optical fiber cable price is 0.3 yuan/m of 0.2 –, and the quartzy optical cable price of domestic communication stage is 3 yuan/m, and price differs 10 times.
Therefore the communication stage plastic optical fiber cable diameter that the present invention adopts is large, attenuation coefficient is little, not only can improve the intensity of light signal, and can carry out remote optical signal transmission, price is also very cheap, and cost performance is very high.
3, the collocation of green light LED, communication stage plastic optical fiber cable:
Green light LED of the present invention as light source 1, communication stage plastic optical fiber cable as the reason of transmission cable except their advantages separately, also be the collocation advantage of green light LED, communication stage plastic optical fiber cable: for the LED of different colours, under Same Efficieney, the decay minimum of green light LED in the communication stage plastic optical fiber cable, transmission range farthest.
Simultaneously, the green light LED diameter is 5mm, and the diameter of communication stage plastic optical fiber cable is 1mm, in production, only need allow the end face of optical fiber 10 directly aim at green light LED just, do not need expensive optical device and light path to be regulated, simple to operate, be convenient to volume production, and the silica fibre diameter only has 0.125mm, the light that it must could send light source 1 by condenser lens is sent into the transmission of silica fibre the inside as far as possible, complicated operation, cost is high, is not suitable for volume production.
If by LASER Light Source and the collocation of communication stage plastic optical fiber cable, its shortcoming is: be mainly that the LASER Light Source price is too high, the market competitiveness is too poor, and the LASER Light Source volume is large, power consumption large, poor stability.
If, by the collocation of the LED of other colors and communication stage plastic optical fiber cable, its shortcoming is: under identical power conditions, only have green light LED in the communication stage plastic optical fiber cable transmission range farthest, the LED transmission range of other colors is too short, is not suitable for reality.
If by green light LED and the collocation of other optical cable, its shortcoming is: in silica fibre, the minimum optical wavelength of decay is 850nm, 1310nm, 1550nm, and the wavelength of green glow is 532nm, thereby green glow is decayed very large in silica fibre, transmission range is limited, is not suitable for reality.
Four, outer tube, ferrule, reflection post and temperature-sensing element:
Outer tube: outer tube 6 is the temperature sensitive type sleeve pipe, can be by the temperature conduction inlet pipe of external environment condition, so that temperature-sensing element 7 is surveyed.The manufactured materials of outer tube 6 is metal, as heat-conducting metals such as steel, iron, aluminium.
Ferrule: the outer face 82 of ferrule 8 is connected with spacing optical fiber tube 15, spacing optical fiber tube 15 can be controlled the length that ferrule 8 enters outer tube 6, simultaneously, clamping that on spacing optical fiber tube 15 inwalls, symmetrically arranged a pair of optical fiber card article 152 can be tighter launched optical cable 4, received optical cable 5.The manufactured materials of ferrule 8, spacing optical fiber tube 15 is preferably plastics.
The reflection post: the breech face 92 of reflection post 9 is connected with limited post 14, and limited post 14 can be controlled the length that reflection post 9 enters outer tube 6.The manufactured materials of reflection post 9, limited post 14 is preferably plastics.
Temperature-sensing element: temperature-sensing element 7 is temperature-sensitive deformation elements, and in the situation that temperature rises around, temperature-sensing element 7 can produce deformation and bending gradually, to drive light barrier, moves down.
Embodiment:
Light source 1 is the green LED light source, and emission optical cable 4, reception optical cable 5 are the communication stage plastic optical fiber cable, and in emission optical cable 4, reception optical cable 5, the diameter of optical fiber is 1 millimeter; Emission optical cable 4, ferrule 8, spacing optical fiber tube 15, reception optical cable 5, reflection post 9, limited post 14, temperature-sensing element 7, light barrier 11 form an absolute construction with outer tube 6, this absolute construction and light source 1, light modulator 2, input processor 3 are separate, but and a plurality of described absolute construction of light source 1 concurrent multiplexing;
Reflective some type temperature detected by optical fiber fire detector, comprise emission optical cable 4, receive optical cable 5 and outer tube 6, one end of described emission optical cable 4 is connected with the light source 1 after light modulator 2 modulation, one end of described reception optical cable 5 is connected with input processor 3, ferrule 8 and reflection post 9 have been inserted in respectively in the inside at described outer tube 6 two ends, be inserted with the emission optical cable 4 mutually concordant with ferrule 8 inner faces 81 in an optical fiber cavity 83 in described ferrule 8, receive optical cable 5, outer face 82 is connected with the spacing optical fiber tube 15 that is positioned at outer tube 6 outsides, the inside of spacing optical fiber tube 15 is provided with No. two optical fiber cavities 151 coaxial with an optical fiber cavity 83, be symmetrically arranged with a pair of optical fiber card article 152 on the inwall of spacing optical fiber tube 15, the end face diameter of spacing optical fiber tube 15 is greater than the end face diameter of ferrule 8, the head end face 91 of described reflection post 9 is oppositely arranged with the inner face 81 of ferrule 8 in outer tube 6, breech face 92 is connected with the limited post 14 that is positioned at outer tube 6 outsides, the end face diameter of limited post 14 is greater than the end face diameter of reflection post 9, be provided with reflectance coating 10 on head end face 91, the top of reflectance coating 10 is provided with light barrier 11, one end of light barrier 11 is connected with the temperature-sensing element 7 arranged on reflection post 9 sides, the other end extends to head end face 91, between inner face 81, temperature-sensing element 7 is arranged in the skewed slot 12 on reflection post 9 sides, the high-end caudal part face 92 of skewed slot 12 arranges, the low side of skewed slot 12 communicates with the bayonet socket 13 that head end face 91 tops are offered, the interior card of this bayonet socket 13 has light barrier 11,
Distance between described head end face 91, inner face 81 is 2.5 millimeters of 2 –, and an end of described light barrier 11 is connected with temperature-sensing element 7, and the distance between the other end and head end face 91 is less than 2 millimeters.
A kind of manufacture method of above-mentioned reflective some type temperature detected by optical fiber fire detector, this manufacture method comprises the following steps successively:
The first step: first determine emission optical cable 4, receive on optical cable 5 and the end face of the equal homogeneous end of inner face 81 and the distance between reflectance coating 10
,
equal ferrule 8 inner face 81 and the reflection post 9 head end face 91 between distance,
according to following two formula, determine:
Wherein,
the light intensity received for receiving optical cable 5,
for the light intensity of emission optical cable 4 emissions,
for emission optical cable 4, receive on optical cable 5 and the end face of the equal homogeneous end of inner face 81 and the distance between reflectance coating 10,
for the radius of emission optical cable 4, reception optical cable 5 internal optical fibers,
for the maximum aperture angle of optical fiber,
for the reflectivity of reflectance coating 10,
for light source kind and the light source modulation parameter with the coupling fiber situation,
for the light that sends of emission optical cable (4) is incident upon 2 times of the upper spot radius of reflectance coating (10);
After determining
be 2.5 millimeters of 2 –, then basis
determine the length of light barrier 11, ferrule 8, reflection post 9 and outer tube 6;
Second step: first will launch optical cable 4, receive in an optical fiber cavity 83 in optical cable 5 reeve ferrules 8, the end face of emission optical cable 4, reception optical cable 5 is mutually concordant with the inner face 81 of ferrule 8, ferrule 8 is inserted to an end of outer tube 6, after insertion, inner face 81 is positioned at the inside of outer tube 6 again;
The 3rd step: first reflectance coating 10 is attached on the head end face 91 of reflection post 9, on the side of reflection post 9, temperature-sensing element 7 is set again, then on temperature-sensing element 7, an end of nearly head end face 91 is pasted light barrier 11, distance between the other end of light barrier 11 and head end face 91 is less than 2 millimeters, light barrier 11 is positioned at the top of reflectance coating 10, to reflect again the other end that post 9 inserts outer tube 6, after insertion, head end face 91 is positioned at the inside of outer tube 6, finally, by the closed at both ends of outer tube 6, now can complete the manufacture of reflective some type temperature detected by optical fiber fire detector.
Claims (10)
1. reflective some type temperature detected by optical fiber fire detector, comprise emission optical cable (4), receive optical cable (5) and outer tube (6), one end of described emission optical cable (4) is connected with the light source (1) after light modulator (2) modulation, one end of described reception optical cable (5) is connected with input processor (3), the other end of emission optical cable (4), reception optical cable (5) all extends in outer tube (6), and be provided with temperature-sensing element (7) in outer tube (6), it is characterized in that:
Ferrule (8) and reflection post (9) have been inserted in respectively in the inside at described outer tube (6) two ends, be inserted with the emission optical cable (4) mutually concordant with ferrule (8) inner face (81) in an optical fiber cavity (83) in described ferrule (8), receive optical cable (5), the outer face (82) of ferrule (8) extends to the outside of outer tube (6), the head end face (91) of described reflection post (9) is oppositely arranged with the inner face (81) of ferrule (8) in outer tube (6), the breech face (92) of reflection post (9) extends to the outside of outer tube (6), be provided with reflectance coating (10) on head end face (91), the top of reflectance coating (10) is provided with light barrier (11), one end of light barrier (11) is connected with the temperature-sensing element (7) arranged on reflection post (9) side, the other end extends to head end face (91), between inner face (81), and the nearly head end face (91) of temperature-sensing element (7) arranges,
Described outer tube (6) is the temperature sensitive type sleeve pipe, and described temperature-sensing element (7) is temperature-sensitive deformation element, and described emission optical cable (4), reception optical cable (5) are the same optical cables.
2. reflective some type temperature detected by optical fiber fire detector according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: be provided with the skewed slot (12) corresponding with temperature-sensing element (7) on described reflection post (9), the high-end caudal part face (92) of skewed slot (12) arranges, the low side of skewed slot (12) communicates with the bayonet socket (13) that head end face (91) top is offered, and in this bayonet socket (13), card has light barrier (11).
3. reflective some type temperature detected by optical fiber fire detector according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the breech face (92) of described reflection post (9) is connected with limited post (14), and the end face diameter of limited post (14) is greater than the end face diameter of reflection post (9).
4. reflective some type temperature detected by optical fiber fire detector according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the outer face (82) of described ferrule (8) is connected with spacing optical fiber tube (15), the inside of spacing optical fiber tube (15) is provided with No. two optical fiber cavities (151) coaxial with an optical fiber cavity (83), and is symmetrically arranged with a pair of optical fiber card article (152) on the inwall of spacing optical fiber tube (15).
5. according to claim 1,2,3 or 4 described reflective some type temperature detected by optical fiber fire detectors, it is characterized in that: described light source (1) is LASER Light Source or LED light source, and described emission optical cable (4), reception optical cable (5) are quartzy optical cable or plastic optical fiber cable.
6. reflective some type temperature detected by optical fiber fire detector according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: described light source (1) is the green LED light source, described emission optical cable (4), to receive optical cable (5) be the communication stage plastic optical fiber cable.
7. reflective some type temperature detected by optical fiber fire detector according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: the diameter of described emission optical cable (4), reception optical cable (5) internal optical fiber is 1 millimeter, distance between described head end face (91), inner face (81) is 2.5 millimeters of 2 –, one end of described light barrier (11) is connected with temperature-sensing element (7), and the distance between the other end and head end face (91) is less than 2 millimeters.
8. according to claim 1,2,3 or 4 described reflective some type temperature detected by optical fiber fire detectors, it is characterized in that: the manufactured materials of described outer tube (6) is metal; The manufactured materials of described light barrier (11) is metal, and its thickness is less than or equal to 0.1 millimeter; The manufactured materials of described ferrule (8), reflection post (9) is plastics.
9. the manufacture method of a claim 1,2,3 or 4 described reflective some type temperature detected by optical fiber fire detectors is characterized in that this manufacture method comprises the following steps successively:
The first step: first determine emission optical cable (4), reception optical cable (5) above and the end face of the equal homogeneous end of inner face (81) and the distance between reflectance coating (10)
,
equal ferrule (8) inner face (81) and the reflection post (9) head end face (91) between distance,
according to following two formula, determine:
，
Wherein,
the light intensity received for receiving optical cable (5),
for the light intensity of emission optical cable (4) emission,
for launching optical cable (4), receiving optical cable (5) above and the end face of the equal homogeneous end of inner face (81) and the distance between reflectance coating (10),
for the radius of emission optical cable (4), reception optical cable (5) internal optical fiber,
for the maximum aperture angle of optical fiber,
for the reflectivity of reflectance coating (10),
for light source kind and the light source modulation parameter with the coupling fiber situation,
for the light that sends of emission optical cable (4) is incident upon 2 times of the upper spot radius of reflectance coating (10);
Basis again
determine the length of light barrier (11), ferrule (8), reflection post (9) and outer tube (6);
Second step: first will launch optical cable (4), receive in the optical fiber cavity (83) in optical cable (5) reeve ferrule (8), the end face of emission optical cable (4), reception optical cable (5) is mutually concordant with the inner face (81) of ferrule (8), again ferrule (8) is inserted to an end of outer tube (6), after insertion, inner face (81) is positioned at the inside of outer tube (6);
The 3rd step: first reflectance coating (10) is attached on the head end face (91) of reflection post (9), on the side of reflection post (9), temperature-sensing element (7) is set again, then paste light barrier (11) at an end of the upper nearly head end face (91) of temperature-sensing element (7), the other end of light barrier (11) extends to head end face (91), between inner face (81), light barrier (11) is positioned at the top of reflectance coating (10), to reflect again the other end that post (9) inserts outer tube (6), after insertion, head end face (91) is positioned at the inside of outer tube (6), finally by the closed at both ends of outer tube (6), now can complete the manufacture of reflective some type temperature detected by optical fiber fire detector.
10. the manufacture method of reflective some type temperature detected by optical fiber fire detector according to claim 9 is characterized in that: in the described first step, emission optical cable (4), the diameter that receives optical cable (5) internal optical fiber are 1 millimeter, described
be 2.5 millimeters of 2 –, an end of described light barrier (11) is connected with temperature-sensing element (7), and the distance between the other end and head end face (91) is less than 2 millimeters.
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| US7030974B2 (en) * | 2003-03-03 | 2006-04-18 | Centro de Investigacion Cientifica y de Educacion Superior de Ensenada | Alarm condition distributed fiber optic sensor with storage transmission-reflection analyzer |
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