CN102636571B - Measuring method of horizontal shear guided wavelength in steel plate and electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer using same - Google Patents

Measuring method of horizontal shear guided wavelength in steel plate and electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer using same Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102636571B
CN102636571B CN201210131081.XA CN201210131081A CN102636571B CN 102636571 B CN102636571 B CN 102636571B CN 201210131081 A CN201210131081 A CN 201210131081A CN 102636571 B CN102636571 B CN 102636571B
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horizontal shear
frequency
guided wave
transducer
steel board
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CN102636571A (en
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康磊
蒋韬
宫佳鹏
许霁
刘博�
郑艳明
翟国富
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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Abstract

The invention relates to a measuring method of a horizontal shear guided wavelength in a steel plate and an electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer using the same, and relates to the measuring method of the horizontal shear guided wavelength and the electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer using the same. The measuring method and the ultrasonic transducer solve the problems that the method and the device for measuring the horizontal shear guided wavelength of the conventional measuring steel plate and the device have high requirement on the late-stage signal processing and the structure of the ultrasonic transducer is complicated. The wavelength measuring method comprises the following steps of: initially setting, and exciting a horizontal shear guided wave on a steel plate material by a transmitting transducer; and receiving the horizontal shear guided wave by a receiving transducer and carrying out time-frequency analysis, thereby obtaining two specific excitation frequencies and receiving frequencies and propagation time of the excited guided wave, and therefore the wavelength can be obtained through a formulae in the way that the horizontal shear guided wave on the steel plate material is excited by the transmitting transducer to measure the receiving frequencies and the propagation time. The transducer has the advantages of simple structure, simple signal processing, and is easy to install. The measuring method is used for exciting the horizontal shear guided wavelength in the steel plate material through the electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer.

Description

The measuring method of horizontal shear guide wavelength and the electromagnet ultrasonic changer for the method in steel plate
Technical field
The present invention relates to the measuring method of horizontal shear guide wavelength and the electromagnet ultrasonic changer for the method.
Background technology
In steel plate, the measurement of horizontal shear guide wavelength generally adopts the method for two-dimensional Fourier transform, requires multiple transducers to become array dress to arrange to receive guided wave signals.This measuring method not only needs very complicated ultrasonic receiving transducer, and very high to the requirement of later stage signal processing.Be approximately 8mm guided wave as measured a wavelength, need to lay a series of receiving transducer leading on wave trajectory, generally will place 64 above receiving transducers, in order to reach better precision, need to place 256 above receiving transducers.According to sampling thheorem, the interval of these receiving transducers is even, and interval is less than 4mm.Like this, so tiny transducer is made difficulty, and riding position error on steel plate is very large.In addition, the signal that a hundreds of receiving transducer is received is processed, very high to the requirement of later stage signal processing.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is in order to solve method and the require high and ultrasonic transducer baroque problem of device to later stage signal processing of horizontal shear guide wavelength in existing measurement steel plate, and the measuring method of horizontal shear guide wavelength and the electromagnet ultrasonic changer for the method in the steel plate proposing.
The measuring method of horizontal shear guide wavelength in steel plate, the device of realizing described measuring method comprises transmitting transducer and receiving transducer; Described transmitting transducer and receiving transducer are all arranged on steel board upper surface; Described receiving transducer receives steel board and is launched the horizontal shear guided wave that transducer inspires; Described transmitting transducer is made up of n font magnet and tortuous coil; Described tortuous coil is arranged between two pole shoes of n font magnet; Described tortuous coil is arranged in the horizontal magnetic field that n font magnet forms; The spacing of the tortuous coil in transmitting transducer is L 0;
Described measuring method is completed by following steps:
Step 1: initial setting;
Step is one by one: place transmitting transducer and receiving transducer at steel board upper surface, in measuring process, keep the distance l between two transducers constant;
Step 1 two: it is f that the tortuous coil in described transmitting transducer passes into stimulating frequency etone-Burst signal, the burst width of Tone-Burst signal is t d; Transmitting transducer inspires horizontal shear guided wave in steel board; Be arranged on the lip-deep receiving transducer of steel board and receive the horizontal shear guided wave of propagating in steel board and carry out time frequency analysis, the receive frequency that obtains the horizontal shear guided wave receiving is f g, and the travel-time t of horizontal shear guided wave g;
Step 1 three: adopt and one by one scan stimulating frequency f to the mode of high frequency with minimum frequency step-length by low frequency e, and obtain each stimulating frequency f ecorresponding receive frequency is f g; By to stimulating frequency f escanning obtains two stimulating frequency f one by one e1and f e2, and obtain described two stimulating frequency f e1and f e2distinguish two corresponding receive frequency f g1and f g2, described two stimulating frequency f e1and f e2meet f g1=f e1, f g2=f e2, and record described stimulating frequency f e1with receive frequency f g1the travel-time of corresponding horizontal shear guided wave is t g1; Record described stimulating frequency f e2with receive frequency f g2the travel-time of corresponding horizontal shear guided wave is t g2;
Step 1 four: the time difference Δ t between the horizontal shear guided wave signals of two receptions that calculation procedure one or three obtains 12; Described time difference Δ t 12=t g1-t g2;
Step 2: actual measurement; Transmitting transducer is placed on steel board surface; And be L in spacing 0tortuous coil in pass into Tone-Burst signal, stimulating frequency is f e0, burst width and the step burst width t in one by one didentical, solve transmitting transducer now and inspire the wavelength of horizontal shear guided wave in steel board;
Step 3: receiving transducer is placed on steel board surface, and distance between two transducers and step one by one in distance l between two transducers identical;
Step 4: the frequency f that records the horizontal shear guided wave that the received steel board of receiving transducer excites g0with waveform peak time t g0;
Step 5: computing time difference DELTA t 01=t g0-t g1; t g1for the described stimulating frequency f obtaining in step 1 three e1with receive frequency f g1the travel-time of corresponding horizontal shear guided wave;
Step 6: the wavelength of the horizontal shear guided wave calculating by formula:
λ = 2 L 0 · ( 1 + ( 1 - f G 2 f G 1 ) Δ t 01 Δ t 12 ) · f G 1 f G 0 Formula
Finally complete the measurement of horizontal shear guide wavelength.
The electromagnet ultrasonic changer that is used for the measuring method of the above-mentioned horizontal shear guide wavelength of steel plate, receiving transducer is made up of block magnet, coiling and winding mould, and described coiling is closely wound on winding mould; The described winding mould that is wound with coiling is arranged on steel board surface; Described block magnet be arranged on be wound with coiling winding mould directly over; Described coiling be positioned at formed by block magnet with the perpendicular vertical magnetic field in steel board surface; The center line of the tortuous coil in center line and the transmitting transducer of described coiling is located along the same line, and described coiling becomes at the direction of winding of winding mould and horizontal cutting to be received that to lead direction of wave travel identical.
In steel plate of the present invention, the measuring method later stage signal of horizontal shear guide wavelength is processed simply, and needed receiving transducer 2 adopts electromagnet ultrasonic changer, and it is simple in structure; What overcome later stage signal processing that existing measuring method and device exist requires the high and baroque defect of ultrasonic transducer; Transmitting transducer 1 of the present invention and receiving transducer 2 all adopt electromagnet ultrasonic changer, and electromagnet ultrasonic changer is a kind of touchless ultrasonic transducer, can in steel plate, excite and the horizontal shear guided wave of reception.The measuring method of horizontal shear guide wavelength and to have transducer architecture for the electromagnet ultrasonic changer of the method simple in the steel plate that the present invention proposes, be easy to lay, and signal is processed easy feature.The present invention can be widely used in the measurement by any transmitting transducer 1 arousal level shear guide wavelength in steel board.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of realizing the device of measuring method described in the application; In figure, dotted line represents the travel path of horizontal shear guided wave; Fig. 2 is the structural representation of transmitting transducer 1; Fig. 3 is horizontal shear guided wave circulation way schematic diagram in measuring method described in the application; Dotted line B represents magnetic direction, and straight arrows represents the horizontal shear guided wave direction of propagation.Fig. 4 is the structural representation of receiving transducer 2; Fig. 5 is the Tone-Burst signal schematic representation passing in transmitting transducer 1; Fig. 6 is the horizontal shear guided wave signals that in embodiment three, measuring phases receiving transducer 2 receives; Fig. 7 is the time frequency analysis cloud atlas of Fig. 6.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: in conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2, present embodiment is described, the measuring method of horizontal shear guide wavelength in steel plate described in present embodiment, the device of realizing described measuring method comprises transmitting transducer 1 and receiving transducer 2; Described transmitting transducer 1 and receiving transducer 2 are all arranged on steel board 3 upper surfaces; Described receiving transducer 2 receives steel board 3 and is launched the horizontal shear guided wave that transducer 1 inspires; Described transmitting transducer 1 is made up of n font magnet 1-1 and tortuous coil 1-2; Described tortuous coil 1-2 is arranged between two pole shoes of n font magnet 1-1; Described tortuous coil 1-2 is arranged in the horizontal magnetic field that n font magnet 1-1 forms; The spacing of the tortuous coil in transmitting transducer 1 is L 0;
Described measuring method is completed by following steps:
Step 1: initial setting;
Step is one by one: place transmitting transducer 1 and receiving transducers 2 at steel board 3 upper surfaces, in measuring process, keep the distance l between two transducers constant;
Step 1 two: it is f that the tortuous coil 1-2 in described transmitting transducer 1 passes into stimulating frequency etone-Burst signal, described Tone-Burst signal is tone burst signal, the burst width of Tone-Burst signal is t d; Transmitting transducer 1 inspires horizontal shear guided wave in steel board 3; Be arranged on the lip-deep receiving transducer 2 of steel board 3 and receive the horizontal shear guided wave of propagating in steel board 3 and carry out time frequency analysis, the receive frequency that obtains the horizontal shear guided wave receiving is f g, and the travel-time t of horizontal shear guided wave g;
Step 1 three: adopt and one by one scan stimulating frequency f to the mode of high frequency with minimum frequency step-length by low frequency e, and obtain each stimulating frequency f ecorresponding receive frequency is f g; By to stimulating frequency f escanning obtains two stimulating frequency f one by one e1and f e2, and obtain described two stimulating frequency f e1and f e2distinguish two corresponding receive frequency f g1and f g2, described two stimulating frequency f e1and f e2meet f g1=f e1, f g2=f e2, and record described stimulating frequency f e1with receive frequency f g1the travel-time of corresponding horizontal shear guided wave is t g1; Record described stimulating frequency f e2with receive frequency f g2the travel-time of corresponding horizontal shear guided wave is t g2;
Step 1 four: the time difference Δ t between the horizontal shear guided wave signals of two receptions that calculation procedure one or three obtains 12; Described time difference Δ t 12=t g1-t g2;
Step 2: actual measurement; Transmitting transducer 1 is placed on steel board 3 surfaces; And be L in spacing 0tortuous coil 1-2 in pass into Tone-Burst signal, stimulating frequency is f e0, burst width and the step burst width t in one by one didentical, solve transmitting transducer 1 now and inspire the wavelength of horizontal shear guided wave in steel board 3;
Step 3: it is upper that receiving transducer 2 is placed in steel board 3 surface, and distance between two transducers and step one by one in distance l between two transducers identical;
Step 4: the frequency f that records the horizontal shear guided wave that the received steel board 3 of receiving transducer 2 excites g0with waveform peak time t g0;
Step 5: computing time difference DELTA t 01=t g0-t g1; t g1for the described stimulating frequency f obtaining in step 1 three e1with receive frequency f g1the travel-time of corresponding horizontal shear guided wave;
Step 6: the wavelength of the horizontal shear guided wave calculating by formula:
λ = 2 L 0 · ( 1 + ( 1 - f G 2 f G 1 ) Δ t 01 Δ t 12 ) · f G 1 f G 0 Formula
Finally complete the measurement of horizontal shear guide wavelength.
Embodiment two: present embodiment is described in conjunction with Fig. 3, Fig. 4, described in present embodiment for the electromagnet ultrasonic changer of the measuring method of the horizontal shear guide wavelength of steel plate described in embodiment one, receiving transducer 2 is made up of block magnet 2-1, coiling 2-2 and winding mould 2-3, and described coiling 2-2 is closely wound on winding mould 2-3; The described winding mould 2-3 that is wound with coiling 2-2 is arranged on steel board 3 surfaces; Described block magnet 2-1 be arranged on be wound with coiling 2-2 winding mould 2-3 directly over; Described coiling 2-2 be positioned at formed by block magnet 2-1 with the perpendicular vertical magnetic field in steel board 3 surface; The center line of tortuous coil 1-2 in the center line of described coiling 2-2 and transmitting transducer is located along the same line, and the coiling direction of described coiling 2-2 and horizontal cutting to be received become that to lead direction of wave travel identical.
Embodiment three: in conjunction with Fig. 1 to Fig. 7, present embodiment is described, present embodiment is to adopt described in embodiment one specific embodiment of the measuring method of horizontal shear guide wavelength in steel plate;
Steel board 3 adopts thickness to be about the steel plate of 5.7mm, and transmitting transducer 1 and receiving transducer 2 are placed on the surface of steel board 3, and the center distance between described two transducers is about 300mm, and the burst width of Tone Burst is 16 μ s.The spacing of tortuous coil 1-2 in transmitting transducer 1 is L 0=4.0mm.The initial setting stage of measuring method described in the application, one by one scan stimulating frequency to the mode of high frequency with minimum frequency step-length by low frequency by adopting, sweep frequency is from 0.450MHz to 0.800MHz, and minimum frequency step-length is 0.001MHz.As the stimulating frequency f of transmitting transducer 1 e1during for 0.690MHz, the frequency f of the horizontal shear guided wave that receiving transducer 2 receives g1=0.690MHz, t g1=160.6 μ s.As the stimulating frequency f of transmitting transducer 1 e2during for 0.489MHz, t g2=111.2 μ s, the frequency f of the horizontal shear guided wave that receiving transducer 2 receives g2=0.489MHz, and two time difference Δ t that receive between horizontal shear guided wave signals 12=t g1-t g2=49.4 μ s.
Measuring phases, keeps transmitting transducer 1 and the invariant position of receiving transducer 2 on steel board 3, and the spacing of the tortuous coil 1-2 of transmitting transducer 1 is 4.0mm.The stimulating frequency f of transmitting transducer 1 efor 0.550MHz, the frequency f of the horizontal shear guided wave that receiving transducer 2 receives gfor 0.533MHz, t g0=105.7 μ s.And with initial setting stage stimulating frequency f e1with receive frequency f g1time corresponding time of reception t g1; And the mistiming of trying to achieve both is Δ t 01=t g0-t g1=-54.9 μ s, and pass through formula
λ = 2 L 0 · ( 1 + ( 1 - f G 2 f G 1 ) Δ t 01 Δ t 12 ) · f G 1 f G 0
The wavelength that calculates the horizontal shear guided wave of propagating in steel board 3 is now 7.01mm.
In the application, the horizontal shear guided wave signals that receiving transducer 2 is received carries out time frequency analysis; As shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7.Fig. 6 is the guided wave signals that receiving transducer 2 receives, and after main impact 8, is that receiving transducer 2 receives to obtain horizontal shear guided wave waveform 9; Fig. 7 is time frequency analysis cloud atlas, and 10 and 11 correspondences main impact 8 and the horizontal shear guided wave waveform 9 in Fig. 6.From Fig. 7, can learn the travel-time t of the horizontal shear guided wave receiving gand frequency f g.
Above content is in conjunction with concrete preferred implementation further description made for the present invention, can not assert that specific embodiment of the invention is confined to these explanations.For this person of an ordinary skill in the technical field, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some simple deduction or replace, all should be considered as belonging to the definite scope of patent protection of claims that the present invention submits to.

Claims (2)

1. the measuring method of horizontal shear guide wavelength in steel plate, the device of realizing described measuring method comprises transmitting transducer (1) and receiving transducer (2); Described transmitting transducer (1) and receiving transducer (2) are all arranged on steel board (3) upper surface; Described receiving transducer (2) receives steel board (3) and is launched the horizontal shear guided wave that transducer (1) inspires; Described transmitting transducer (1) is made up of n font magnet (1-1) and tortuous coil (1-2); Described tortuous coil (1-2) is arranged between two pole shoes of n font magnet (1-1); Described tortuous coil (1-2) is arranged in the horizontal magnetic field that n font magnet (1-1) forms; The spacing of the tortuous coil in transmitting transducer (1) is L 0;
It is characterized in that it is completed by following steps:
Step 1: initial setting;
Step is one by one: place transmitting transducer (1) and receiving transducer (2) at steel board (3) upper surface, in measuring process, keep the distance l between two transducers constant;
Step 1 two: it is f that the tortuous coil (1-2) in described transmitting transducer (1) passes into stimulating frequency etone-Burst signal, the burst width of Tone-Burst signal is t d; Transmitting transducer (1) inspires horizontal shear guided wave in steel board (3); Be arranged on the lip-deep receiving transducer of steel board (3) (2) and receive the horizontal shear guided wave of propagating in steel board (3) and carry out time frequency analysis, the receive frequency that obtains the horizontal shear guided wave receiving is f g, and the travel-time t of horizontal shear guided wave g;
Step 1 three: adopt and one by one scan stimulating frequency f to the mode of high frequency with minimum frequency step-length by low frequency e, and obtain each stimulating frequency f ecorresponding receive frequency is f g; By to stimulating frequency f escanning obtains two stimulating frequency f one by one e1and f e2, and obtain described two stimulating frequency f e1and f e2distinguish two corresponding receive frequency f g1and f g2, described two stimulating frequency f e1and f e2meet f g1=f e1, f g2=f e2, and record described stimulating frequency f e1with receive frequency f g1the travel-time of corresponding horizontal shear guided wave is t g1; Record described stimulating frequency f e2with receive frequency f g2the travel-time of corresponding horizontal shear guided wave is t g2;
Step 1 four: the time difference Δ t between the horizontal shear guided wave signals of two receptions that calculation procedure one or three obtains 12; Described time difference Δ t 12=t g1-t g2;
Step 2: actual measurement; Transmitting transducer (1) is placed on steel board (3) surface; And be L in spacing 0tortuous coil (1-2) in pass into Tone-Burst signal, stimulating frequency is f e0, the burst width t in burst width and step 1 two didentical, solve transmitting transducer (1) now and inspire the wavelength of horizontal shear guided wave in steel board (3);
Step 3: receiving transducer (2) is placed on steel board (3) surface, and distance between two transducers and step one by one in distance l between two transducers identical;
Step 4: the frequency f that records the horizontal shear guided wave that the received steel board of receiving transducer (2) (3) excites g0with waveform peak time t g0;
Step 5: computing time difference DELTA t 01=t g0-t g1; t g1for the described stimulating frequency f obtaining in step 1 three e1with receive frequency f g1the travel-time of corresponding horizontal shear guided wave;
Step 6: the wavelength of the horizontal shear guided wave calculating by formula:
λ = 2 L 0 · ( 1 + ( 1 - f G 2 f G 1 ) Δt 01 Δt 12 ) · f G 1 f G 0 Formula
Finally complete the measurement of horizontal shear guide wavelength.
2. for the electromagnet ultrasonic changer of the measuring method of the horizontal shear guide wavelength of steel plate claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that receiving transducer (2) is made up of block magnet (2-1), coiling (2-2) and winding mould (2-3), described coiling (2-2) is closely wound on winding mould (2-3); The described winding mould (2-3) that is wound with coiling (2-2) is arranged on steel board (3) surface; Described block magnet (2-1) be arranged on be wound with coiling (2-2) winding mould (2-3) directly over; Described coiling (2-2) be positioned at formed by block magnet (2-1) with the perpendicular vertical magnetic field in steel board (3) surface; The center line of the tortuous coil (1-2) in center line and the described transmitting transducer of described coiling (2-2) is located along the same line, and described coiling (2-2) becomes at the direction of winding of winding mould (2-3) and horizontal cutting to be received that to lead direction of wave travel identical.
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